A team of geologists reviewed the literature on volcanic eruptions, determining that most magma rising from depth doesn't cause an eruption. Older volcanoes produce less frequent but larger eruptions. The analysis helps refine models to reduce the impact of volcanic eruptions on nearby populations.
A new study from the University of Ottawa found that Ontario high school students are more likely to drive after consuming cannabis than alcohol, with 10% reporting driving within an hour of cannabis use. The study suggests that educating adolescents about cannabis risks may be effective in reducing dangerous driving behaviors.
A new study suggests that aviation's contribution to cutting climate change will be small, even with emission targets in line with the Paris Agreement. Researchers warn that non-CO2 effects, such as nitrogen oxides and ozone, will continue to make a major contribution to aviation's climate impact over the coming years.
A comprehensive study of COVID-19 brains found significant signs of inflammation and impaired brain circuits. The findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body, leading to neuroinflammation in the brain.
Researchers from the University of Nicosia used environmental fluid dynamics to correct COVID-19 pandemic data inaccuracies. The study found that daily number of total new infections reported during the first wave was underestimated by a factor of four in cities like New York.
A study finds that tree pollen can transport COVID-19 virus particles longer distances and increase the risk of infection in crowded environments. Researchers used a computational model to simulate how pollen affects airborne virus transmission.
A large-scale analysis of over 150,000 middle-aged people found that those with two or more physical health conditions were at greater risk of developing depression and anxiety. The study confirmed the importance of integrating mental health support into care plans for individuals with multiple physical health conditions.
Researchers developed two groups of molecules that effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants, bypassing mutations and disabling viral entry. The nanobodies recognize a conserved region of the receptor binding domain, blocking viral entry even when human antibodies cannot.
Researchers at USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center found that family-based cancer clustering occurs more frequently among Latino, African American, and Asian/Pacific Islander families. The study suggests a higher inherited risk of early-onset cancer in these minority populations compared to non-Latino white families.
A three-year study found significant changes in brain connectivity in older adults with subjective cognitive decline, which may predict dementia. The study suggests that brain alterations underlie the experience of decline and could emerge before cognitive assessments detect a deficit.
Researchers have identified hotspots of undervaccinated children across Montana using spatial scan analysis. The study found that parental hesitancy on vaccination is concentrated in the western part of the state, while structural or access barriers are more prevalent on the eastern side.
Dan M. Frangopol, a Lehigh University professor, has made seminal contributions to structural health monitoring by integrating reliability and optimization methods. He has been recognized with the ISHMII Mufti Medal for his lifetime achievements in this field.
A comprehensive review of literature on mRNA COVID-19 vaccine cutaneous reactions found that most reactions are harmless and transient, resolving within two to five days. Rare reactions such as herpes zoster reactivation have been reported, but the overall safety profile of the vaccines remains reassuring.
The Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment-2 (CIBER-2) has completed a successful first launch, aiming to better understand extragalactic background light and resolve discrepancies about the number of stars in the universe. The experiment will analyze data collected during four planned launches over several years.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed halide perovskite-based memory with fast switching speed, overcoming slow speed limitations. The new technology uses lead-free materials and offers a step towards practical applications.
A recent study found that Finland's lakes in Lapland will have higher mercury levels due to climate change and increased land use. The warmer climate and more intense land use lead to the leaching of nutrients and carbon-bound mercury into waterways, causing a biomagnification effect on fish and food webs.
Researchers found that eating 50 grams of prunes daily for six months improved CVD risk biomarkers, raised 'good' cholesterol, and lowered inflammation. The study suggests that prunes may be a promising addition to the diet to reduce CVD risk and inflammation.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that water generated from air in urban areas complies with drinking water standards. The study showed that wind direction affects water quality and identified distant sources of air pollution in the water.
New analysis of Venus' surface reveals evidence of tectonic motion in the form of crustal blocks that have jostled against each other. The movement of these blocks could indicate that Venus is still geologically active and give scientists insight into both exoplanet tectonics and the earliest tectonic activity on Earth.
A new study found that statin therapy is not associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. Researchers analyzed data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly trial and found no significant difference in the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment between statin users and non-...
Two studies report a rare variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome characterized by prominent facial weakness following COVID-19 vaccination. The frequency of the condition was estimated to be up to 10 times greater than expected in areas where the vaccine was administered.
Researchers at Penn State have used supercomputers to find materials that can accelerate hydrogen production from water using photocatalysis, a process that harnesses sunlight. The team identified six promising candidates, which could potentially reduce the cost of hydrogen production and make it competitive with gasoline.
Winter rainfall in sub-Saharan Africa limits painted lady butterfly migrations to Europe. The size of migrating populations varies greatly, increasing by a hundredfold in some years, likely driven by weather conditions in West Africa.
A global correlation between urban green space and happiness was found across 60 countries using satellite imagery data. The study revealed that urban green space adds to happiness beyond the baseline determined by a nation's wealth.
A study published in BMC Public Health found that consuming any type of coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing chronic liver disease and related conditions. Moderate coffee consumption, particularly ground coffee containing kahweol and cafestol, was linked to the greatest benefits.
Research suggests that combination therapies made from two antibodies retain potency against a wide range of COVID-19 variants, preventing emergence of drug resistance. The findings support the use of combination therapy for treating infections with this virus as more variants emerge.
Researchers analyzed 2.9 million households and found small, informal gatherings like birthdays contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Children's birthday parties are a potentially significant source of COVID-19 spread.
MIT researchers found that rougher implant surfaces stimulate pro-inflammatory T cell responses, while unique surface topographies inhibit tissue inflammation. The study suggests that texture sloughs off and causes chronic inflammation, potentially leading to cancer.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes develop a three-dimensional human spinal cord organoid that mimics the earliest developmental steps of the nervous system in embryos. The organoid demonstrates how human spinal cord cells become oriented in an embryo, shedding light on potential impact of environmental exposures and toxins.
A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult who recovered from COVID-19 is reported, highlighting the importance of considering this rare but possible complication. Prompt treatment helped recover the patient. The authors suggest encouraging reporting of cases to facilitate research and improve outcomes.
A 20-year longitudinal study confirms childhood depression is associated with higher levels of adult anxiety, substance use disorders, and worse health and social functioning. Children who received specialty mental health services showed improved outcomes, but still faced problems in other areas.
A recent study found that a widely used sepsis prediction model performs poorly, correctly identifying patients at risk of sepsis only 63% of the time. The tool was developed based on billing codes, which can be inaccurate, and sent alerts to nearly 1 in 5 patients without actual sepsis.
Researchers found that extracellular mRNA is taken up by natural killer cells and transported to the nucleus, enhancing migration activity and interferon gamma production. This mechanism inhibits cancer metastasis in animal experiments.
A new study found that incorporating baked potatoes into a typical American diet can help reduce sodium retention and blood pressure. The research, published in Nutrients, suggests that the ratio of potassium to sodium is crucial for cardiovascular health.
A blood test detecting tiny amounts of circulating cancer DNA may identify risk of cancer recurrence and guide precision treatment in bladder cancer following surgery. The study found patients with a particular cancer DNA marker in their blood had a higher likelihood of cancer relapse, suggesting the potential for personalized treatment.
A new study published in CMAJ found that Indigenous mothers are 23% more likely to travel 200 km or more to give birth compared to non-Indigenous women. The disparity is attributed to a lack of birthing facilities and providers near rural Indigenous communities, reflecting colonial policies prioritizing non-Indigenous settlements.
Scientists at DGIST developed a triboelectric nanogenerator using cyclodextrin, a green material from starch, to convert mechanical energy into electricity. The device can be reused and is biocompatible, making it suitable for wearable applications.
Rice University engineers have developed a method to grow remarkably uniform 2D perovskite crystals using microscopic seeds. This breakthrough addresses production issues and enables the creation of highly efficient photovoltaic devices with stable performance.
The University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center has received $11.3 million in NIH funding to support its research into liver-related illness. The center aims to reduce the impact of liver illnesses through prevention and therapy development.
A recent study published in PNAS found that women who lose local or state elections are equally likely to run for office again as men. Despite prior research suggesting women may be more risk-averse, the study reveals no statistically distinguishable difference between genders in choosing to seek office after losses.
Researchers developed a method to profile gene expression in Arabidopsis embryos at the single cell level, overcoming obstacles that hindered previous attempts. This approach provides insights into transcription profiles within each cell, enabling the discovery of gene expression patterns that distinguish early embryonic cell types.
A University of Michigan-led research team found that birds are migrating earlier, but their bodies have been getting smaller and wings longer. The study used museum specimens from bird collisions in Chicago to analyze long-term trends in bird migration timing.
Researchers develop method to control flash Joule heating process to produce valuable allotropes, including fluorinated nanodiamonds and graphene. The process uses organic fluorine compounds and fluoride precursors to create the desired structures.
A study suggests that Instagram posts borrowing body positive messages from actual users and containing advertising can undermine the movement. Participants who spotted self-promotion or advertising considered the posts less morally appropriate than non-promotional posts.
A University of Kansas study reveals the critical role of a diverse network of local champions in Tulsa's successful flood control efforts. The authors highlight the importance of communication, collaboration, and adaptability in managing risks and facilitating change.
Researchers developed a compact cold-atom source with low power consumption that can be used in various quantum technologies. The device features an adjustable design that simplifies optics and improves measurement accuracy.
Research found that spending cuts to children's support centres in England resulted in 4575 more obese children and 9174 more overweight/obese children between 2010/11 and 2017/18. The effects were worst in deprived areas, widening the 'obesity gap' between rich and poor kids.
A new study in Social Psychological and Personality Science found that blaming COVID-19 for problems can reduce the negative effects of stress on relationships. Couples who blamed their stress on the pandemic, rather than each other, reported higher happiness and greater resilience.
A multinational study published in The BMJ found significant differences in adverse event rates among over 126 million people across four continents. The study highlights the importance of considering population differences when monitoring vaccine safety.
Scientists from NUST MISIS and MIPT create a system with ultra-strong photon-to-magnon coupling, enabling efficient information exchange between hybrid quantum systems. This breakthrough reduces the electromagnetic resonator size by hundreds of times, increasing photon-magnon interaction by several times.
Obstructive sleep apnea is common among people with cardiovascular disease, but it's under-recognized and undertreated. Treatment can improve quality of life and reduce risk of cardiovascular events and death.
A new study found that LGB Millennials experience worse health disparities than older peers, contradicting expectations. Health disadvantages persist throughout older generations and are even worsened by generational trends.
Researchers analyzed election data to find that men and women are equally likely to run for office after electoral losses. Gender does not affect political ambition after electoral setbacks, according to the study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The university will support approximately 20 undergraduate students annually in a structured academic community with career development activities and individualized mentoring to prepare them for Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. programs in the biomedical sciences.
Recent guidelines discourage routine aspirin use in adults 70 and older, but research suggests that older adults with diabetes may have potential overuse of aspirin therapy. If not actively discontinued, this could lead to unnecessary risks and side effects.
A meta-analysis of 14 studies found that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers may confer the greatest benefit to long-term cognition. These medications, which cross the blood-brain barrier, were associated with improved memory recall in older adults with hypertension.
The NTU and GFI APAC partnership aims to equip students with expertise on alternative proteins and cultivated meat. The course will develop local talent for the alternative meats sector in Singapore and aligns with the country's '30 by 30' goal.
A new study published in Nature Communications confirms that the end-Permian mass extinction was caused by nickel-rich aerosols from volcanic eruptions. The study uses nickel isotope analyses to demonstrate a direct link between global dispersion of Ni-rich aerosols, ocean chemistry changes and the mass extinction event.
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer with an absence of screening programmes, leading to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Despite targeted therapies, personalized medicine remains a challenge due to inconsistent symptoms and resistance to chemotherapy.
A study by University of Cambridge researchers found that social media posts criticizing opposing politicians or groups receive twice as many shares than supportive ones. Using terms related to the