Researchers discovered a stem cell-mediated defense mechanism that reactivates dormant tuberculosis in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting potential for new vaccines and avoiding global TB pandemic. This discovery may help develop novel therapeutic approaches against COVID-19 and target antiviral activities.
Researchers used ALMA to detect a galactic wind driven by a supermassive black hole 13.1 billion years ago, pushing back the start of galaxy-growth interactions by 100 million years. The observation reveals coevolution between supermassive black holes and galaxies since less than a billion years after the Universe's birth.
A study replicated Paleolithic lighting systems using archaeological evidence, revealing diverse features among the different systems. The researchers found that wooden torches worked best for exploring caves, while grease lamps were suitable for lighting small spaces over a long period.
Researchers found that COVID-19-related crowdfunding campaigns were more successful in affluent communities, where people had more resources to donate. Despite the challenges of online crowdfunding, the study highlights existing socioeconomic divides and suggests that it can exacerbate inequality.
A recent study found that a small percentage of cells in aggressive tumors can enable metastasis by recruiting surrounding cells. This discovery could lead to new approaches in preventing malignant progression of breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative types.
A new study reveals that American Indian and Alaska Native individuals are underrepresented in clinical studies, with only 1% of participants from these groups. The authors call for further research to improve ethical inclusion in clinical research.
Researchers found a clear relationship between temperature and aggressive incidents, with hotter weather linked to higher rates of incidents. There were on average 15% more aggressive incidents on days over 30°C compared to cooler days.
The NIH is investing $38 million to develop methods for using polygenic risk scores to predict disease in diverse communities. The new consortium will pool genomic information from existing and new datasets to improve the accuracy of polygenic risk scores across different ancestries.
Researchers found deficits in neuronal function and cognitive impairment in newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients, with some impairments continuing six months after diagnosis. PET brain scans showed a significant recovery of regional neuronal function and cognition in most patients.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered that early-stage lung cancer tumors hijack immune cells called tissue-resident macrophages to facilitate their invasion of lung tissue. This process allows the tumor to evade the immune system and grow into more deadly stages of cancer.
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a computational technique that greatly increases the resolution of atomic force microscopy, revealing atomic-level details on proteins and biological structures. The new method allows researchers to study biological molecules under physiologically relevant conditions, providing high-resolu...
A new study found a significant association between Head Start teachers' depressive symptoms and their students' math achievement, with the linkage being through the quality of family-teacher relationships. This relationship was found to affect children's motivation, engagement, and persistence in learning.
Researchers from Australian National University warn that climate change may be causing more deaths among Australian marsupials, including the greater glider, due to heat-induced eating habits. The study highlights the importance of protecting food sources and restoring nutrient-rich forests to help these animals survive.
Samer Shehata, a University of Oklahoma professor, has received the International Affairs Fellowship from the Council on Foreign Relations. The fellowship will allow him to analyze U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East and observe how autocratic regimes cooperate and maintain power.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that intermittent fasting diets are not the most effective way to lose weight. Participants who followed a traditional diet with reduced calorie intake lost more weight and fat mass compared to those who fasted on alternate days.
Scientists have developed an inexpensive transparent coating that can capture airborne aerosol droplets, reducing the spread of respiratory diseases. The coating, made from common cosmetic ingredients, was tested on various surfaces and found to trap nearly all incoming aerosols.
Researchers have discovered a huge diversity of alternative splicing combinations in the human brain, allowing for adaptation to specific requirements. New glutamate receptor variants, some with potential new functions, were identified using bioinformatic methods.
Researchers at TU Freiberg create new composite material from marine bath sponges that can be used as a bi-based filter for wastewater treatment or pollutant removal, and can be reused multiple times without losing its properties.
Researchers from Michigan State University found that more than one in four people in Michigan identify as child-free, exceeding previous estimates. Child-free individuals showed limited differences in life satisfaction and personality traits compared to parents and others.
Researchers found that glyphosate-based herbicides can deform reproductive parts of prickly rose plants and reduce pollen viability by 66% a year after application. This persistence can have long-term effects on plant fertility and potentially impact pollinators, which rely on these plants for food.
Researchers found much higher abundances of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes on microplastics in urban than rural areas of the Beilun River. Polypropylene had the highest abundance of ARGs, increasing by 1,000 times from rural to urban areas.
A team of researchers developed an algorithm that can predict when narwhals hunt, opening up new insights into their life and behavior. The algorithm uses acoustic data from clicks and buzzing sounds to map the whales' movement patterns and identify hunting areas.
Researchers at UVA School of Medicine have identified 19 new genes linked to bone mineral density, providing insights into osteoporosis. The study's novel approach uses laboratory mice to overcome human study limitations.
A team of Concordia researchers categorized and evaluated over 600 COVID-19 detection tools and technologies, identifying strengths and weaknesses. They hope their study will guide researchers toward ideal devices that can be used by anyone at a low cost.
Researchers developed a graphene-based sensor to record real-time electrical activity of a beating heart, offering high sensitivity and parallel detection. The 'graphene camera' allows for imaging entire networks of cells simultaneously, enabling new studies on neural networks.
The university will provide 10 graduate students per year with structured academic support, career development activities, and individualized mentoring to cultivate highly sought-after skills in the biomedical sciences.
Researchers analyzed epigenomic signals in human and primate cell lines, revealing weak signals linked to brain functions. The findings provide insights into the evolution of human biology and offer a new model for studying regulatory elements.
A new study by the University of Exeter and Queensland has found that herring gull eggs contain up to six types of phthalate, potentially causing oxidative stress in chicks. The research suggests that mothers pass on phthalates and products of lipid damage through their eggs.
Researchers identified three previously undiagnosed COVID-19 cases in a UK hospital from throat swabs collected between January and March 2020. The study suggests that testing should have been made available to hospital patients with compatible symptoms earlier in the pandemic.
African American mothers face significant barriers to breastfeeding due to racism and lack of economic support. The authors identify three forms of institutionalized racism that perpetuate this disparity, including the exploitation of Black women's labor and lack of employer-based support.
A team of researchers from Japan and Germany created a mouse model that mimics the human pathology of restrictive cardiomyopathy, allowing for easier study. The model shows changes in protein quality control and autophagy, leading to fibrosis and heart muscle stiffening.
Researchers have developed a fast and controllable soft robot that can burrow through sand with minimal resistance. The robot's design is inspired by plants and animals that navigate subterranean spaces, enabling new applications for underwater exploration and potentially paving the way for future space missions.
Researchers found that even with a small number of gravitational wave events, small modeling errors can accumulate and lead to misleading deviations from general relativity. This highlights the importance of considering theoretical model errors when testing Einstein's theory.
Scientists assembled a high-quality genome of a European olive species, identifying genes involved in oleuropein biosynthesis. The study revealed 202 genes related to oleuropein, twice as many as previously known, and found olives genetically closest to the oleaster plant.
Researchers at CNIO have identified RagA as a molecular switch that allows cells to adapt to low nutrient levels, enabling an 'energy-saving mode' similar to what occurs in yeasts. This discovery has significant implications for understanding metabolic regulation and potential strategies to fight obesity and related diseases.
A study by University of Göttingen sports sociologist Dr. Marcel Reinold analyzes autobiographies of professional cyclists, revealing they use complex techniques to manipulate information and conceal doping. The results show athletes play down the extent of the doping problem and portray themselves as victims to avoid suspicion.
Cleveland Clinic researchers found that a specific gut microbe enzyme, CutC, contributes to increased stroke severity. Targeting this enzyme may prevent stroke and improve post-stroke outcomes through dietary interventions and transplantation of beneficial gut microbes.
Researchers have discovered folate metabolism as a common mechanism underlying aging and lifespan extension across different species. The study found that altering folate metabolism increases lifespan in worms and mice by up to 30 percent, suggesting a potential new approach to improving human health during aging.
A new study led by Fernando Colchero reveals a strong link between human life expectancy and lifespan equality. Researchers analyzed data from nine human populations and 30 non-human primate populations, including gorillas, chimpanzees, and baboons, to explore the invariant rate of ageing hypothesis.
Researchers at Clemson University developed a bifunctional protein that links natural killer cells to breast cancer tumor cells, triggering the killing of cancer cells. The approach has potential as a new treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer, which is often lethal due to its high heterogeneity and lack of efficient treatm...
A new fossil analysis published in Biology Letters reveals that woodlice cousins, Oxyuropoda, existed on Irish land 360 million years ago. The study uses modern imaging technology to recreate the image of this ancient creature, providing insight into the evolution of crustaceans and their colonization of land.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing argues that nurse practitioners should receive 100% reimbursement for services comparable to physicians. This increase in reimbursement rate would incentivize NPs to practice in primary care settings where there is a shortage, leading to better patient outcomes.
Researchers found that nematic regions can be suppressed by structural disorder, particularly at the transition point of electronic nematicity. This phenomenon may indicate a hidden quantum critical point in the material.
Researchers warn that biological controls have failed to stop the spread of coconut rhinoceros beetles in Pacific islands, putting Australian gardens and industry at risk. The beetles' population genetics reveal multiple virus variations, complicating control efforts and highlighting the need for urgent research.
A new study reveals that coronaviruses induce substantial apoptosis in host cells, enabling their internal spread. Targeting this process with PERK inhibitors reduces viral pathogenesis and lung damage.
Researchers developed a new transparent material that captures and removes droplets and aerosols from indoor air, effectively eliminating potential sources of transmission. The coating can be applied to various surfaces and is compatible with antiviral materials.
A recent study published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology found that BAT's modern oral nicotine pouches have a comparable toxicant profile to NRTs, with significantly lower levels of toxicants than traditional oral snus. The study suggests that MO products should be placed close to NRTs on the reduced-risk product continuum.
A study published in Scientific Reports demonstrates the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to track the elimination of plastic particles from the bodies of mice. The research reveals that most small plastic particles are eliminated within two days, with smaller particles cleared faster than larger ones.
A new study reveals that current vaccines may lack essential viral material to trigger a holistic immune response in humans. The researchers identified 25% of viral protein fragments that trigger the immune system, which could lead to more effective and powerful vaccines.
A recent study found that adults with early-onset colorectal cancer (diagnosed before age 50) have significantly better survival rates than those diagnosed later in life. The research used data from the National Cancer Database and found a significant difference in survival rates between the two groups.
Correlated errors in quantum computers indicate a problem that must be acknowledged and addressed for fault-tolerant development. The study suggests that simple design changes can mitigate local effects, but the bigger concern is what could happen next.
A field experiment involving 100 students showed that soft smartphone bans can increase efficiency for standard routine tasks, but have no notable impact on more complex tasks. The success of soft bans also depends on employees' perceptions of social norms and freedom of choice.
A new project will develop novel tools and capacities to understand and manage interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), supporting sustainable development pathways for African countries. The project will analyze multi-level governance structures and path dependencies to identify impediments and enablers to sustai...
Researchers found that individuals with a strong sense of purpose in life were less lonely and more willing to engage in COVID-19 protective behaviors. Despite feelings of loneliness, those with a higher sense of purpose expressed stronger beliefs in the effectiveness of prevention measures.
Researchers from King's College London have identified potential modifications to Lateral Flow Devices that can improve their sensitivity and accuracy. The study found that the technology behind the devices is highly accurate but faces limitations in read-out technology.
A team of researchers created particles with an off-center core that can be tracked under a microscope to study rotational dynamics. Their findings show that neighboring spheres rotate coupled and move in opposite directions, like meshed gears, and that there is a relationship between local crystallinity and rotational diffusivity.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered industrial chemicals in the organs of fetuses conceived decades after many countries banned the substances. The study found that 15 out of 22 persistent organic pollutants were present in every organ, with four chemicals detected in all tissues in all fetuses.
SUTD researchers have developed a technology that tracks the impact of pollutants on aquatic microorganisms, measuring their swimming speed and movement within minutes. This method allows for rapid assessment of water quality and drinkability, making it suitable for underdeveloped regions without specialized equipment or chemicals.
New research suggests the UK's pandemic planning was limited by an outdated modelling structure, highlighting the need for a more holistic approach to decision-making. Professor Ashraf Labib proposes a hybrid model combining resilience triangle and bowtie modelling with five guiding principles to enhance public policy decisions.
US sex trafficking survivors experience difficulties building parenting confidence and exhibiting emotional withdrawal, impacting their ability to be protective parents. The study highlights the need for targeted support to help these individuals overcome challenges in motherhood.