A study of 700 children found that persistent childhood insomnia symptoms were associated with a higher risk of developing internalizing disorders, including depressive disorders and anxiety disorders. The researchers suggest that early interventions may be necessary to prevent future mental health problems.
A study reveals that black holes have an unexpected effect on galaxy evolution, influencing the formation of stars in satellite galaxies at vast distances. The research found a clear modulation of star formation rates depending on a galaxy's orientation with respect to its central black hole.
Researchers analyzed brain scans of 193 COVID-19 patients, finding a link between brain imaging and the virus's presence in cerebrospinal fluid. The study suggests hyperintense lesions and leptomeningeal enhancement are indicative of inflammation rather than infection.
Researchers found that normal breathing indoors without a mask can transport virus-laden saliva droplets up to 7.2 feet in just 90 seconds. Masks significantly restrict this movement, reducing the distance to less than 6 feet after two minutes.
Researchers identified glypican-1 protein that prevents cancer cells from spreading to bone, reducing aggressiveness. The study provides a potential new target for future treatments and supports previous findings suggesting the protein's role in preventing tumor growth.
Researchers at UNIGE found that digital initiatives within country offices have the strongest impact on changing ways of working, embedding new skills, and restructuring teams across the UN. The study highlights the power of bottom-up innovation, where ideas can spread from country to country, achieving scale and changing the organizat...
A new synthesized chemical compound demonstrates how introducing diradical systems can alter the properties of carbon nanotubes, including spin states and aromaticity. The findings show smaller singlet state systems exhibit in-plane aromaticity and stability.
Researchers found that tiny hairs on honeybee abdomens reduce friction during movements, conserving energy and reducing wear. This discovery could inspire the design of longer-lasting moving parts.
Researchers from Hiroshima University used a meta-analysis of publicly available transcriptome databases to identify four new genes associated with hypoxia. By combining transcriptomic and bibliometric analyses, they found previously unknown genes that were not well studied in relation to hypoxia.
New research from the University of Arizona suggests that asteroid 16 Psyche may not be as dense or metallic as previously predicted. The findings propose an alternative origin story where 16 Psyche is composed of 82.5% metal, 7% low-iron pyroxene, and 10.5% carbonaceous chondrite.
The CHIME telescope has detected over 500 fast radio bursts, quadrupling the number of known radio bursts. The newly discovered signals reveal two distinct classes: repeaters and one-offs, which are thought to arise from separate mechanisms and astrophysical sources.
A new study analyzing medical evidence on domestic mass shooters in the US finds that a majority of perpetrators have psychiatric disorders without treatment, increasing risk of violence. The researchers identified signs and symptoms of brain illness in 32 out of 35 perpetrators, with most having schizophrenia or other diagnoses.
Researchers develop a new method to create ultrathin functional materials with highly defined structures, using self-organization and photopolymerization. The process produces porous two-dimensional polymers with nearly perfect order, opening up potential applications in filtration, membranes, and other contexts.
Researchers at PPPL have designed a novel X-ray crystal spectrometer to measure fine structure in HED plasmas, revealing their state of matter under extreme conditions. The new spectrometer addresses design challenges such as reducing statistical errors and improving energy resolution for NIF-produced HED plasmas.
A new Arizona State University study has shown that high fat diets can trigger a molecular cascade of events leading to colon cancer through intestinal stem cells. The research found that PPARs, specifically PPAR delta and alpha, play a crucial role in elevating cancer risk by stimulating the metabolism of fats.
Researchers at Kumamoto University developed a new analytical method to detect degraded beta-lactam antibiotics. Cysteine persulfide, a reactive sulfur species produced by bacteria, degrades and inactivates these antibiotics.
Researchers have developed a platform that produces bespoke star-shaped polypeptide nanoparticles, effectively delivering range of therapies including gene therapies. The material accelerates bone tissue regeneration with a six-fold increase in new bone formation.
Researchers achieved giant nonlinearity of UV hybrid light-matter states up to room temperature in a wide bandgap semiconductor material. This breakthrough enables the development of new on-chip ultrafast spectroscopy devices with unprecedented sensitivity.
Improv pedagogy enhances musical learning and social skills, fostering cooperation and uncertainty-faciling
Researchers at UNIST have successfully controlled the physical properties of naturally-formed nanoscale wrinkles in 2D semiconductors. The team developed a hyperspectral adaptive tip-enhanced photoluminescence spectroscopy approach to investigate and control the nano-optical and excitonic properties of wrinkles.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that heart transplant surgery has a similar mortality rate for adults aged 18-69 and 70+, with only minor differences in stroke risk and donor hearts. Advanced age alone should not prevent people from being considered as candidates for heart transplants.
Research reveals people with hyperphantasia have a stronger connection between the visual network and the prefrontal cortices, linked to decision-making and attention. This contrasts with aphantasics, who have lower ability to recognize faces and perform autobiographical memory tasks
The new Gluon Exchange Model (GEM) describes protons as complex systems with virtual quark-antiquark pairs, challenging the concept of stable diquarks. GEM predicts the disintegration of diquarks in certain collisions, offering a new perspective on proton interactions.
Researchers discovered a new bacterium, Dysosmobacter welbionis, present in 70% of the population, which produces butyrate and has anti-inflammatory effects. The bacteria was found to increase mitochondrial activity, lowering sugar levels and weight in mice, suggesting potential for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech developed a flexible device capable of rapidly increasing temperature of target tissues without tissue burning. The device overcomes limitations of existing heat-generating devices and opens up possibilities for wide clinical scenarios including minimally invasive endoscopic surgery.
The AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) has added BMS-986414 and BMS-986413, two monoclonal antibodies, to the ACTIV-2 outpatient treatment study for COVID-19. The combination therapy aims to improve efficacy, cover multiple variants, and reduce resistance. Participants will receive subcutaneous injections of the antibodies or placebo.
A study evaluating 22 patients with recurrent Anti-hormonal granulosa cell tumors found low-to-moderate FDG uptake and variable ERα/ERβ expression. FES-PET/CT showed promising results in identifying treatment-eligible patients, with stable tumor locations decreasing in size during anti-hormonal treatment.
Research published in Acta Paediatrica suggests that a pregnant woman's mental health impacts the touch behavior of twins and singletons, with maternal depression affecting soothing mechanisms for fetuses. The study also found differences in touch and movement behaviors between singletons and twins.
Panama has expanded its Coiba protected area, covering 98,228.25 square kilometers, to achieve the 30x30 Initiative's goal of protecting 30% of the world's marine surface nine years early. The expansion protects unique underwater mountain ranges and migratory marine species.
Researchers have developed an unconventional method for controlling solid-state spin qubits using anti-Strokes (AS) excitation, which reduces the energy requirement compared to conventional Strokes excitation. This breakthrough enables improved quantum information processing and high-sensitivity quantum sensing capabilities.
Scientists at McMaster University have developed a new treatment approach for people suffering from VITT, combining anti-clotting drugs with high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin. The treatment's effectiveness was shown in three Canadian patients who received the AstraZeneca vaccine and developed VITT.
Researchers found that 75% of medicinal plant services are linguistically-unique and known to one language, highlighting the critical role of indigenous languages in preserving medicinal knowledge. The study suggests that language loss will be even more critical to medicinal knowledge extinction than biodiversity loss.
A recent study suggests that using CPAP therapy for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea reduces the risk of heart problems. Patients with untreated sleep apnea are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events, but those who use CPAP have a lower risk.
A new wearable electroencephalogram device gathers reliable sleep data from the ear, measuring neural signature stability over time. The study found a 90.1% classification accuracy for individualized signatures.
Researchers warn that karst aquifers are vulnerable to contamination due to fast infiltration of pollutants during rainfall events. The study highlights the risks of degradable pollutants like glyphosate exceeding safe levels by 19 times.
A model for broaching these issues is described, involving joining, assessment, preparation, and delivery steps. The model provides a framework for counselors to address client concerns about racial, ethnic, and cultural topics.
Researchers found two gene variants associated with an increased risk of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in African American women. The ANKLE1 gene variant is protective against TNBC, but a version found in African Americans may be oncogenic. A mutation in the Duffy gene also increases TNBC risk in African American women.
A study by Braxton Boren suggests that prolonged pandemic lockdowns and noise in multiunit housing contribute to increased social tension and isolation. Incorporating virtual reality and spatial audio may help mitigate these effects, improving overall well-being.
A recent study found an association between rideshare use and increased risk of alcohol-associated motor vehicle crash traumas. The research compared traumas and convictions before and after Uber's introduction in Houston, Texas, revealing a significant correlation.
Researchers at Colorado State University discovered that soil microbes can metabolize polyphenols, a breakthrough that could change how we view carbon cycling. The study showed that polyphenols are not just inaccessible to soil microbes, but are actually food sources for them in oxygen-free conditions.
A recent study found that college football teams' performance is associated with both the direction of travel and the time of day when games were played. Away teams playing in the afternoon allowed more points and forced more opponent turnovers than those playing in the evening, while teams traveling eastward threw more interceptions.
Researchers from KIT and universities in Göttingen and Toronto develop machine learning methods to simulate material behavior, achieving high accuracy and speed. Hybrid methods combining machine learning and molecular mechanics are also suggested to accelerate simulations of large biomolecules.
Research found that Filipino-Americans are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced thyroid cancer, while European Americans tend to have early-stage disease. DBP expression was also linked to cancer staging in both groups, suggesting a protective role for the protein.
Studies presented at SLEEP 2021 show a potential model for predicting COVID-19 infection based on sleep duration, quality, and heart rate variability. The 360 smart bed's SleepIQ technology provides individualized sleep health evaluations and outcomes.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that hospitalization rates for heart attacks remained stable during subsequent COVID-19 surges, contrary to initial declines during the pandemic's onset. The research suggests effective public health campaigns encouraged people to seek care, resulting in a rebound of hospitalizations.
A retrospective study of 33,360 patients found a 41% increased risk of Parkinson's disease in those with osteoarthritis. Patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis had a higher risk compared to others.
The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened Chile's defined contribution pension system, undermining its financial foundation and exposing it to political risk. The government's response to the crisis, including emergency withdrawals from pension fund savings accounts, has set a dangerous precedent for using retirement funds for basic needs.
Researchers develop a framework to identify and evaluate feasibility concerns in climate mitigation scenarios, highlighting institutional constraints and socio-cultural limitations. The study applies the framework to IPCC scenarios, revealing that many assume fast decarbonization rates in regions with low mitigation capacity.
An observational study of over 27,000 US veterans found that risk factors like housing problems and financial hardship were not associated with higher mortality rates among those infected with COVID-19. Instead, the study suggests that other factors such as alcohol use and substance abuse may be more closely linked to increased risk.
Research reveals a strong link between hyperhomocysteinemia and migraine with aura in rats, showing elevated HCY levels increase susceptibility to cortical spreading depression. The study suggests timely correction of high homocysteine levels may be beneficial for treating migraine-related symptoms.
Researchers from Nara Institute of Science and Technology discovered that plants can gain heat tolerance through an epigenetic memory mechanism involving JUMONJI proteins. This mechanism allows plants to adapt to future heat stress by 'remembering' how to deal with heat shock genes.
A Curtin study reveals that aspirin, a naturally occurring compound found in willow trees, can improve the survival of grass species important for ecological restoration and sustainable pasture. Low concentrations of salicylic acid applied to seeds can boost plant growth and resistance to stress.
Research finds periodic oscillations in COVID-19 cases attributed to seasonal modulations and reporting bias. Mass gatherings are identified as the main cause of the COVID-19 disaster, while non-pharmacological interventions remain essential for controlling the epidemic.
A new analysis by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers found that COVID-19 disproportionately affected people of color, low-income populations, and those with certain socioeconomic characteristics. The study, based on data from 394,536 patients, highlights the role of structural factors in the pandemic's spread.
Lehigh University engineers use Frontera supercomputer to simulate photovoltaic fabrication and train AI to optimize energy production. Their 'physics-informed machine learning' approach reduces time required to reach optimal process by 40%.
A sea count survey and tagging data revealed an estimated 10,000 harbor seals inhabiting the Northern Inland Waters of Washington State. The study used line-transect methods to estimate the stock size of Phoca vitulina richardii in these waters.
Researchers have calculated that exomoons orbiting free-floating planets could harbor sufficient water to make life possible and sustain it. The study found that the presence of cosmic radiation and tidal forces could keep water in a liquid state, making these systems promising for the detection of life beyond Earth.
Researchers from Mainz University and Fraunhofer Institute collaborate with Iranian and Iraqi partners to provide drinking water to settlements on the Persian Gulf. The goal is to use temperature-sensitive polymer gels to convert seawater into drinking water, enabling an energy-independent process.
Researchers found SARS-CoV-2 on hospital floors and surfaces, especially after patient onset of symptoms. The virus was often accompanied by the bacteria Rothia, which strongly predicted its presence.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab, University of Hawaii, and Florida International University found a new way for free radicals to react, leading to the formation of benzene rings. This discovery could help create more efficient gas engines and reduce air pollution.
A team of scientists has observed direct atomic evidence of the anionic redox mechanism in lithium-rich cathodes, which could lead to breakthroughs in battery technology. The discovery provides conclusive evidence for this mechanism, nearly doubling the energy storage capacity compared to conventional cathodes.
Intranasal COVID-19 vaccines aim to provide both mucosal and systemic immunity, potentially offsetting global vaccination disparities. Despite challenges in studying the mucosal immune system, scientists are working to develop nasal doses of COVID-19 vaccine.
Researchers developed a cell-penetrating peptide to prevent septic shock in animal models. The treatment shows promise in protecting patients with metabolic syndrome and those at risk of severe COVID-19 complications.
Research from Binghamton University finds a higher association between dietary factors and women's mental health compared to men. Exercise is shown to reduce the negative impact of unhealthy foods on mental wellbeing in mature women.
Researchers found social media use to be a factor related to the spread of COVID-19, particularly in countries with high levels of youth populations and income inequality. The study also identified other factors, including urbanization and intermediate GINI inequality, that contributed to the rate of spreading.
A field trial demonstrates a stable and efficient quantum key distribution (QKD) system that can generate quantum-secure cryptographic keys at sustained rates over a standard telecommunications infrastructure. The system, developed by researchers in Italy, is designed to be easy-to-operate and integrate into existing optical networks.
Scientists have developed a Japanese rice fish model to study congenital disorders of glycosylation, including ALG2-CDG. The model replicates symptoms such as neuronal problems and retinitis pigmentosa, and demonstrates that supplying fully-functional Alg2 can prevent defects.
Researchers studied blue rice corals, which produce a natural sunscreen pigment that may help them recover from bleaching and thrive in warmer oceans. This discovery sheds light on how some coral species can better withstand climate change and ocean warming.
Scientists developed a method to predict and eliminate X-ray glitches in single-crystal optics, increasing the efficiency of refractive optics. The approach is based on accurate simulation and prediction of glitches, allowing researchers to tune their work at modern X-ray sources.
A study published in European Heart Journal found that patients with cardiovascular risk factors are more likely to experience severe outcomes from COVID-19. The research highlights the potential benefits of promoting heart health as a strategy to improve COVID-19 outcomes.
A new study by researchers at MIT's Picower Institute advances understanding of how a mammalian brain enables visual recognition memory. As novel patterns become familiar, the transition is marked by stark changes in the visual cortex, including a shift from gamma rhythms to lower frequency beta rhythms.
Researchers have developed a computational tool to better understand and manage the conversion process in fuel cells, which convert hydrogen and oxygen into water. The new models exceed the accuracy of current quantum methods by over 10 times and enable predictive simulations of complex reactions.
New research from Imperial College London found that warmer temperatures and higher population density contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, policy interventions such as lockdowns and social distancing remain the most important drivers of disease spread, even in seasonal variations.
Researchers have found that summer rainfall on the Tibetan Plateau is highly predictable on multiyear timescales using large ensemble predictions. The study reveals a substantial underestimation of the predictable signal in state-of-the-art decadal prediction models.
Researchers at Staffordshire University have developed a novel, low-cost method to detect foot ulcer risk without electronic sensors. This new technique uses 3D-printed structures to identify areas with high pressure, enabling clinicians to prescribe custom footwear or insoles.
University of Queensland researchers have created a quantum microscope that can see biological structures impossible to detect with traditional light-based microscopes. The device uses quantum entanglement to provide 35% improved clarity without destroying cells, enabling minute biological structure observation.
Researchers discovered that a byproduct of cholesterol metabolism, 27-hydroxycholesterol, induces the production of extracellular vesicles that promote breast tumor growth and metastasis. The study found that these vesicles carry signaling molecules that spur estrogen-responsive cancer cells to proliferate and grow.
A new review by UC Davis researchers provides guidelines for growers to utilize machines in pruning, canopy management, and harvesting. Machines can save up to 80% of labor costs per acre and improve grape quality, particularly when used for mechanical canopy management.
University of Pennsylvania researchers discovered a correlation between childhood stress and earlier molar eruption, with lower-income children experiencing an earlier onset. The study used a novel rating system to measure tooth development, showing that adverse childhood experiences also predict earlier molar eruption.
A study of organic residues on ceramic pottery from rural and urban Sicily during the 9th to 12th century AD reveals a diverse range of vegetables, fruits, beeswax, and animal food products. The findings are consistent with Arabic literature's colorful dishes and highlight regional differences in cuisine preferences and ceramics use.
A study by RUDN University found that magnesium-vitamin B6 supplementation can alleviate painful symptoms and improve quality of life for pregnant women and those with hormone-related conditions. The treatment reduced the risk of miscarriage, high blood pressure, and other associated health issues.
Researchers create an integrated cathode with 3D porous honeycomb-like CoN-Ni3N/N-C nanosheets, enhancing conductivity and active sites. The resulting supercapacitor achieves remarkable energy density and cycle stability, enabling high-energy-density flexible wearable electronics.
Early amphibians that adapted to terrestrial life had shorter, more curved intercentra, while aquatic species maintained morphologies similar to their ancestors' land-dwelling counterparts. The study's findings contradict earlier notions of what spinal morphologies enabled successful movement on land.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences have developed an Advanced Multi-Step Brazing (AMSB) technique to jointly fabricate components made of oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy. The new technique enables the creation of a heat removal component with excellent heat removal performance, surpassing existing records.
A deep neural network model accurately predicts brain age with a mean absolute error of 4.6 years based on EEG data, and its results show correlations with diseases such as epilepsy, stroke, and sleep-disordered breathing. The study suggests that these conditions are associated with deviations in predicted age from chronological age.
Duke University engineers developed a prototype X-ray scanner that can reveal molecular composition of objects, revolutionizing cancer surgery, pathology, drug inspection, and geology. The technology can accurately diagnose cancerous tissues and analyze pharmaceuticals in real-time.
The newly discovered exoplanet, TOI-1231 b, has a substantial atmosphere making it an attractive target for atmospheric studies. Its similarity in size and density to Neptune suggests it may have a large, gaseous atmosphere.
Research suggests that Nintendo Wii therapy can significantly improve balance in children with cerebral palsy, even when combined with conventional physical therapy. The analysis found medium to large effects of the therapy on functional balance and dynamic balance, respectively.
Research shows that Native Americans and Alaska Natives have the highest prevalence of migraine and headache disorders, while Black men receive the least care. The article proposes solutions to address these disparities through clinical strategies, professional training, and research initiatives.
Researchers found a novel biomarker indicating resilience to chronic stress in the brain, which is largely absent in people suffering from major depressive disorder. This absence is associated with pessimism in daily life and reduced adaptive responses to stress.
A new study examines COVID-19 among patients receiving home dialysis, finding that these patients are equally vulnerable to infection as in-center dialysis patients. The study also highlights the devastating mortality rate among home dialysis patients, emphasizing the importance of vaccination and public health precautions.
Research found nearly 20% of patients with unexplained sudden cardiac death carried rare genetic variants that raised their risk. Genetic screening may have prevented deaths if doctors knew about the genetic predisposition to heart disease.
A new study found that alcoholic men and women respond differently to their disease, with distinct levels of brain activity and abnormalities. The researchers suggest that clinicians should approach different prevention and treatment strategies for men and women.
A nearly 2,500-adult study found that difficulty falling asleep as compared to other insomnia symptoms predicts cognitive decline 14 years later. Regular screening for insomnia may help identify individuals at risk for cognitive impairments.
A recent experiment by Prof. YAN Xingbin's group reveals that an external magnetic field can induce capacitance change in aqueous acidic and alkaline electrolytes but not in neutral electrolytes, providing insight into ion transport behavior.
Scientists from University of Melbourne and University of Queensland have explained echidna's reproductive enigma, detailing testes that never descend or scrotum. The short-beaked echidna has a remarkable penis with four heads, which are functional in alternating erections.
Cells introduce hundreds of DNA DSBs to facilitate genetic recombination, but researchers found that approximately 20% of breaks correspond to closely positioned pairs of DSBs, which can initiate recombination at chromosome gaps
7.58% of children in Spain suffer from SLI, a disorder affecting language acquisition and social development. The new Spanish-speaking Association will lay foundations for research consensus and collaboration.
A new study led by WCS has updated the global population estimate for Critically Endangered Grauer's gorillas to 6,800 individuals from a previous estimate of 3,800. The findings provide hope for the conservation of this subspecies in eastern DRC.
A new analysis found that post-heart transplant survival among older patients is on par with younger recipients. The study included 37,135 patients and showed a significant improvement in mortality rates after adjusting for other factors, suggesting that advanced age should not be a contraindication for heart transplantation.
Purdue University engineers have developed battery-free wearable technology using silk-based coils and hydrophobic molecules for easy cleaning. These smart clothes can be used underwater, washed in conventional machines and are flexible and breathable like conventional cotton T-shirts.
Researchers discover moths have evolved acoustic metamaterials on their wings to absorb ultrasound, outsmarting bats. This adaptation decreases echo return and enhances insect survival, with scales tuned to different frequencies forming a broadband absorption array.
Groundbreaking algorithms developed for MicroBooNE detector filter out cosmic ray tracks, pinning down elusive neutrino interactions. This work demonstrates crucial ability to eliminate cosmic ray backgrounds, critical for future U.S. neutrino research program.
A new study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology found that only a minority of patients with knee osteoarthritis used non-surgical care such as physical therapy and knee injections. The study suggests that surgery may be more commonly substituted for conservative care in regions with high rates of knee replacements.
A new statewide study in Michigan found that smokers needed their blocked arteries fixed nearly a decade earlier than non-smokers, with patients with obesity undergoing procedures four years earlier than non-obese patients. The study suggests that preventing smoking and obesity could delay the onset of heart disease.
UT Extension has received grants from the USDA to combat low vaccination rates in high-risk counties across Tennessee. The initiatives aim to correct misinformation and strengthen vaccine norms through local partnerships and social media outreach.
Researchers have created a system called PrivacyMic that uses ultrasonic sound frequencies to identify household and office activities, with greater than 95% accuracy. This technology enables smart home systems to recognize services needed without recording audible speech.
Researchers develop Composite Urban Quietness Index to measure sound diversity of quietness, aiming to provide a new understanding of comfortable quiet. The study reveals that high-intensity sound and silent acoustic environments can cause stress, highlighting the need for quantifiable characteristics of quietness.
A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that many adults with a history of cardiovascular disease continue to use tobacco products, despite being aware of the increased risk. The research revealed that only 2% of smokers with CVD quit using tobacco over a period of five years.
A phase 2 trial found that a single one-hour treatment with nitrous oxide can relieve symptoms of treatment-resistant depression for several weeks. The study showed significant improvements in depression symptoms, with a four-fold lower risk of adverse effects at lower concentrations.
A breakthrough study published in Frontiers in Psychiatry shows that individual brain networks develop within the first month of life, predicting unique infant temperament traits. Researchers found greater connectivity between frontal and parietal regions linked to improved behavioral regulation in infants.
A study published by UTHealth found that as rideshare usage increased, so did a decrease in motor vehicle-related trauma and impaired driving convictions. The age group under 30 showed the most significant reduction in motor vehicle-related traumas.
Scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute have developed a new experimental method to investigate the ageing process of vanadium phosphorus oxides (VPO) catalysts. The method allows for precise measurement of chemical properties in three dimensions, revealing changes in the material's structure and chemistry over time.
Dr. Sarah Goff's study examines the effects of Medicaid ACOs on asthma outcomes for children, aiming to improve pediatric asthma care and address social determinants of health. The research may inform other states considering ACO models for their Medicaid programs.
Research found that COVID-19 vaccines are safe for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), who experience chronic digestive symptoms. Most side effects were mild and short-lived, with gastrointestinal issues being the most common. IBD patients on biologic therapies reported even fewer side effects due to the modulating effect o...
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that poorly fitting face masks can double the infection risk to wearers and others, while custom-fitted masks greatly reduce this risk. The study used CT scans to measure gaps between faces and masks, revealing substantial leaks around the nose that compromise mask effectiveness.
Two types of coating made from new coordination polymers with silver effectively kill bacteria, including those that form biofilms. The most promising coating destroys 99.99% of bacteria, offering a breakthrough in antibiofilm applications.
The CHIME/FRB catalogue reveals significant differences between repeater and non-repeater FRBs, with repeaters emitting more focused radio frequencies and bursting repeatedly. The discovery provides clues about the properties of FRBs and potentially offers an independent measurement of matter distribution in the Universe.
UTA is launching a nationwide quantum education initiative for secondary teachers, capitalizing on familiar content areas in existing curricula. The three-year program will provide stipends, resources, and equipment for classrooms and student STEM camps.
A single treatment involving breathing in a mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide significantly improved symptoms in people with treatment-resistant depression. Symptoms of depression improved rapidly following treatment, with benefits lasting for several weeks.
A study of 1,129 college students reveals that stronger self-efficacy beliefs lead to leadership roles for LGBQIQ individuals and increased achievement efforts among feminist-leaning women. Career counselors can use these findings to support students in achieving their occupational goals.
Researchers found that a single-shot COVID-19 vaccine generated strong immune responses against all SARS-CoV-2 variants. The study suggests non-neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses may contribute to protection against COVID-19, particularly in regions with variant prevalence.
A study found tiny deposits of elemental copper and iron in the brains of two deceased patients with Alzheimer's disease. The presence of these metallic elements, previously observed only in microorganisms, suggests a new aspect of metal neurochemistry.
A new study reveals that COVID-19 vaccination leads to strong T cell responses against the virus in all patients on dialysis, and nearly 58% of kidney transplant recipients. However, low antibody responses were observed in kidney transplant recipients, raising concerns about their protection from COVID-19.
A nationwide study found that blood sugar control among US adults with diabetes declined significantly between 2007-2010 and 2015-2018. The proportion of adults achieving glycemic control dropped from 57.4% to 50.5%, while blood pressure control decreased, but cholesterol control levels remained stable.
A new study published in the Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand suggests that indigenous Māori people may have set eyes on Antarctic waters and possibly the continent as early as the 7th century. The research uncovers a deep-rooted connection between Māori people and Antarctica, which continues to this day.
Double-cropping in Brazil's Centre-West region contributed significantly to the country's grain boom, increasing from 19% to 33% between 2003 and 2016. The practice allowed for increased corn production without expanding cropland, offsetting around 76.7 million hectares of arable land.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers highlights common barriers to improving equitable access to transportation, including data collection and information on needs. Practitioners cited need for better communication between disciplines and structures in place to advocate for equity-minded funding allocations.
A study by researchers at the University of Washington has confirmed the presence of endangered blue whales in Indian waters, specifically off the southwest coast of India. The findings suggest that these whales are likely resident to the northern Indian Ocean and visit Lakshadweep seasonally.
A new analysis of national data found that socially engaged older women had a 76% higher odds of experiencing emotional abuse or mistreatment. Researchers suggest that social activities can connect people with valuable community support but also lead to unintended consequences.
Researchers found that a mother's birth weight and litter size were associated with early neonatal death, but not adult maternal characteristics. The study suggests that current approaches to understanding perinatal mortality are incomplete and highlight the need for further research on structural and intergenerational factors.
A personalized soundscape using AcustiCare can help individuals with dementia by providing clues about time of day and place. The system refines the sounds to reinforce time and space, improving sleep quality, reducing agitation and distress, and decreasing stress on caregivers.
A low-protein diet with mostly resistant starch produces the healthiest outcomes, while a 50:50 glucose-fructose mixture leads to obesity and poor metabolic health. This study builds on previous findings that low protein-high carbohydrate diets in mice result in long lifespan and cardiometabolic health.
Researchers in the Southern Levant identified substantial historical sea level changes, with a 2.5m rise occurring around 2000 years ago. This finding has significant archaeological implications for the region.
The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inactivates human proteins crucial for immune response, cardiovascular function and blood clotting. This link may explain COVID-19 symptoms of heart damage, blood clots and inflammation.
A study found that ancient amphibians' spine stiffness varied with habitat, with more aquatic species having more rigid backbones. The researchers collected measurements on over 40 species of temnospondyls, providing valuable information on early vertebrate adaptations to water-to-land transitions.
Researchers successfully reduced uranium, vanadium, and molybdenum levels in groundwater by more than ten-thousandfold using a 'sponge-like' mineral called calcium apatite. The technology has been shown to be effective and long-lasting without negative side effects.
Research from the UK Biobank and the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis consortium found that heavier birth weight is associated with a higher risk of bone fracture and osteoporosis. The study suggests that genes affecting birth weight may also influence an individual's risk of developing osteoporosis as they age.
Researchers found that local stakeholders consider fairness in distribution of money from marine protected areas according to who holds rights over the area, rather than equality or costs incurred. This challenges common assumptions in conservation literature and practice, emphasizing the importance of explicit identification of local ...
A Rutgers study suggests that individuals with high sensation-seeking traits may be more susceptible to drug addiction due to a genetic predisposition. High-sensation-seeking rats showed stronger motivation for cocaine, making them more prone to developing addictive behavior.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center identified a common mechanism underlying a spectrum of brain disorders caused by variations in the SLC6A1 gene. Boosting transporter function via genetic or pharmacological means may be beneficial in treating these disorders.
A new study found that a one-hour inhalation session with 25% nitrous oxide gas improved depression symptoms for over two weeks, with fewer adverse side effects compared to higher concentrations. The effects were nearly as effective as 50% nitrous oxide at rapidly relieving symptoms of treatment-resistant depression.
A recent study by the University of Melbourne revealed that young clownfish living closest to shore are dying faster due to exposure to artificial lighting. The research team found that nearshore juvenile clownfish grew 44% more slowly under artificial light than those in natural conditions.
A large study found that COVID-19 vaccines induce a strong immune response in patients with various types of cancer, with high seroconversion rates among solid tumor patients. However, those receiving treatments for blood cancers had lower but still significant rates, highlighting the importance of vaccination in vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that pralsetinib achieved an overall response rate of 70% and complete response rate of 11% in patients with no prior systemic treatment for advanced RET fusion-positive NSCLC. In the thyroid arm, the ORR was 71% in patients with treatment-naïve RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer.
Researchers found that intermediate-sized respiratory droplets emitted while speaking can carry significant amounts of virus and remain suspended in air for minutes. These 'speech droplets' pose a considerable risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, particularly in enclosed spaces without proper ventilation.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool developed a method to control thylakoid membrane formation and used proteomics and microscopic imaging to characterise its stepwise maturation process. The study finds that cyanobacterial thylakoids are dynamic biological systems that can adapt rapidly to environmental changes.
Kelly Patterson, a University of Texas at Arlington doctoral student, has earned a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship for her research on designing and improving critical infrastructure. With the three-year stipend, she will focus on bridge and hazard mitigation research.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that a diet of soft or regular food affects muscle control and electrical activity of the jaw when stimulated, influencing the regulation of chewing. This study suggests that increasing chewing difficulty may alter brain control, with potential benefits for monitoring and improvi...
Researchers created self-propelled microrobots that can attach to and break down four common types of plastics. The microrobots lost 3% of the plastic's weight and altered its surface texture after interacting with it under visible light for seven days.
Experts warn that India's current vaccination approach is causing huge numbers of avoidable deaths and is deeply inequitable. The government's focus on younger age groups has resulted in unequal access to vaccines, with rural areas and disadvantaged urban populations receiving limited coverage.
Researchers uncover how an RNA named NORAD drives a protein to form liquid droplets that tightly regulate its activity. This phenomenon, known as phase separation, protects against disease by preventing chromosomal abnormalities and promoting cellular homeostasis.
Researchers from CRAG and IRTA identify the MYB10 genes responsible for anthocyanin production in Japanese plums, leading to a highly efficient tool for early selection of colored fruits. This breakthrough has significant implications for breeding programs, reducing time and resources needed to develop new varieties with desirable traits.
Researchers detected acoustic signals from 7 rocket types, including Space Shuttles and Falcon 9s, up to 9,000 km away. They identified different stages of flight for these rockets using infrasound signatures recorded at IMS stations.
Research reveals brain changes in obese children, similar to those seen in OCD and Prader-Willi syndrome, causing obsession with food and anxiety. The study suggests a multidisciplinary approach is needed for treatment.
A survey of 32,000 European adults found decreased alcohol consumption in most countries, with the largest declines seen in Albania, Finland, and others. Respondents experiencing financial distress reported less reduction in consumption.
Researchers aim to identify when individuals are falling out of the flow state by detecting physiological cues with off-the-shelf sensors. AI will be used to introduce interactive stimuli that nudge subjects back into a higher cognitive state.
Scientists from the University of Göttingen and the Gobabeb Namib Research Institute investigated the long-term results of an experiment from 1979. They found that poisonous substances from Euphorbia damarana leaves did not induce fairy circles, contradicting Theron's original hypothesis.
The first-ever nationwide mammal survey in the US has been published, utilizing 1,509 motion-activated camera traps from 110 sites across all 50 states. The data reveals that urban areas tend to have higher overall mammal detections, with three top sites being urban locations.
A nationwide study in Scotland found a slight increased risk of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) after receiving the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. The risk is estimated at 11 per million doses, similar to other vaccines for flu and MMR.
The Roman Space Telescope will create massive infrared images, 200 times larger than Hubble, with exquisite resolution. The 24 flight-certified detectors will enable scientists to explore vast celestial objects and phenomena.
A study by Van Andel Institute and Roche suggests that chronic gut inflammation may propel processes in the body leading to Parkinson's disease. The researchers found that gut inflammation triggers protein clumping in the colon and brain, which can clog molecular machinery and lead to Parkinson's symptoms.
Researchers at Cornell University used dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating to determine the Noceto Vasca Votiva's construction dates, confirming a supernatural water ritual. The structure, built around 1444 B.C., shares similarities with other monumental builds during major societal changes.
Researchers at Flinders University have discovered that fish oil fatty acids can render bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics. This discovery is vital in combating the rise of superbugs with unprecedented levels of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers found that electrons' spin has a significantly greater influence on spintronic effects than previously thought. The study also discovered the orbital moment's contribution to the Edelstein effect, increasing efficiency by at least one order of magnitude.
Scientists at Oxford Brookes University have identified specific genes linked to developmental coordination disorder (DCD), also known as dyspraxia. The study suggests that genetics studies can unravel the underlying biology of DCD, leading to improved diagnosis and treatment.
Research collaboration at Kumamoto University has revealed DNA methylation status in frontal lobes of BD patients, revealing altered gene transcriptional regulatory regions. Many genes were found to be hypomethylated in neurons, while those important for psychiatric and neurological functions were hypermethylated.