RedHill Biopharma has completed enrollment and randomized the last patient in its global Phase 2/3 study of orally-administered opaganib for treating severe COVID-19. The study captured outcomes such as breathing room air without oxygen support by Day 14, hospital discharge time, and intubation rates.
A new model developed by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that coordinated travel restrictions could have reduced the spread of COVID-19, with some restrictions reducing arrival times by up to 10 days and global infections by 6 million.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a new technique that enables the creation of ultra-bright, flexible LEDs with improved efficiency and low cost. By swapping one out of every thousand atoms, they tripled the luminescence of halide perovskites, which could be useful for low-cost printable and flexible LED lighting.
Researchers developed classification criteria using machine learning to standardize language and identify characteristics that distinguish each disease. The criteria have been validated with over 90% accuracy within uveitic class.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered a mechanism through which 'good' viruses can target and destroy 'bad' bacteria, using a bacteriophage protein to exploit the bacterial DNA's need for repair. This finding may lead to new tools to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
A study found that women in family-owned businesses are often discouraged from developing leadership skills and pursuing entrepreneurial careers. The research revealed that 78% of sons pursued entrepreneurial careers, while only 7% of daughters gained an entrepreneurial education or started a business.
Two new papers investigate massive plankton blooms with vastly different potential impacts on ecosystems. The studies reveal unexpected productivity hotspots in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, fueled by Gulf Stream water upwelling, and a huge bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii on the New England continental shelf.
Researchers found dapagliflozin reduced the risk of progressive kidney disease by half in FSGS patients over a 2.4-year period, with good tolerability and safety. The medication stabilizes renal function and improves clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant kidney damage.
A recent study reveals that socially isolated kids face different risks than those who experience peer rejection. The researchers found that socially isolated kids are more likely to exhibit internalizing behaviors like shyness and withdrawal, while those in the rejected group are more prone to aggressive behavior.
Researchers have discovered that pre-trained phages can increase their ability to fight bacterial infections, delaying the onset of antibiotic resistance. This breakthrough uses evolutionary training to improve phage potency against deadly bacteria.
Researchers apply mathematics to real-world data, finding popular people tend to be friends with each other, while less popular people connect with others of similar status. The study reveals around 95% of variation in social networks can be explained by these two factors.
The pandemic led to increased consumption of unhealthy snacks, desserts, and sugary drinks. Many Americans worried about food availability and safety, with lower-income households more concerned. Online grocery shopping became a key trend during the pandemic.
A study found that using ultrasound to monitor lung congestion in hemodialysis patients with high cardiovascular risk improved patient outcomes. The technique reduced episodes of decompensated heart failure and cardiovascular events by 37% and 63%, respectively.
A team of scientists led by Yoshiaki Nakamura successfully reversed male infertility in mice through a new method that artificially tunes the fate of sperm stem cells. The results, published in Cell Stem Cell, show great promise for future applications in regenerating human sperm after cancer treatment and preserving genetic diversity.
A recent study found that non-tiered customer loyalty programs create a more sustainable customer base and reduce customer fall-off and turnover. The program's effectiveness lies in its ability to nurture long-term relationships with customers, rather than increasing frequency or spending.
A new study found that climate warming will increase carbon loss in Canadian peatland by 103 per cent due to changes in soil temperature and photosynthesis. This will lead to a strong positive climate feedback loop, where peatlands release greenhouse gases contributing to further climate warming.
Researchers found evidence of intensive land use for farming and fishing over 3,500 years ago in the Llanos de Mojos region of Bolivia. This discovery counters the often-held notion of a pristine Amazon before Europeans arrived and provides new insights into the history of culturally diverse but understudied cultures.
Physicist Generalized the Measurement Postulate in Quantum Mechanics, explaining state collapse and partial measurement, supported by the WISE interpretation and delayed choice experiment. The paper proposes a new understanding of wavefunction and its relation to the quantum system.
Researchers restored gut microbes missing in early life dysbiosis and prevented colitis in mice by adding a single strain of Bacteroides sp. CL1-UC. This finding highlights the importance of early childhood exposures on health throughout lifetime.
Researchers are developing innovative computational tools to illuminate how genetic factors impact brain structure and function, particularly in Alzheimer's disease. The goal is to accelerate the discovery of robust imaging biomarkers of neurological disorders.
A new study suggests that not having any math education after age 16 can disadvantage adolescents. Adolescents who stopped studying math showed reduced critical brain chemical, which predicted lower cognitive performance 19 months later.
The study found that cell-lineage maps are unlikely to be tree-like, with cross-links between different branches. The model also predicted the emergence of pluripotency, allowing for whole-body regeneration in many animals.
New research highlights the importance of coastal seaweed for migratory shorebirds, providing shelter and microclimates that regulate their body temperatures. Removing beach-cast sea wrack can have devastating impacts on bird populations.
Margaret Martonosi's work on power-aware microarchitectures and narrow bit-widths has led to new fields of research. She has authored over 175 publications, including papers on dynamic thermal management and formal control-theoretic approaches for balancing power and performance.
A study found that social behavior in snapping shrimps influences genome size, with eusocial species having larger genomes and more transposable elements. Genome size varies widely between species and is generally unrelated to complexity.
A team led by Prof. Peng Wu designed a structured, binder-free MWW-type titanosilicate catalyst that achieves high PO selectivity under mild reaction conditions, with a lifetime of 2400 hours and low solvent consumption.
A preclinical study supports AAV8-TNAP-D10 as a single-dose treatment for hypophosphatasia, extending the life span of mice with minimal side effects. The therapy may provide an alternative to current medication injections, benefiting patients with severe skeletal and dental abnormalities.
A modeling study found that schools can reopen safely with controlled community transmission and moderate mitigation strategies in place. Asymptomatic screening is one identified strategy to facilitate reopening while minimizing transmission risk.
A study by Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg found that cows can ingest hypoglycin A toxin from sycamore maple trees through their pasture, which is then transferred to their milk. Low concentrations of the toxin were detected in raw milk samples from northern Germany.
A study on Saudi Arabian breast cancer patients identified somatic mutations in tumor suppressor genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, and PIK3CA. The findings highlight the importance of routine genetic sequencing for precision therapies in the region. Novel mutations were also discovered, with potential implications for targeted treatments.
A six-country study found that plant-based and/or fish diets were associated with lower odds of moderate to severe COVID-19 infection, with 73% and 59% reductions, respectively. These findings suggest a potential protective effect of nutrient-dense foods on immune system function.
A new study suggests that mandating COVID-19 vaccination could decrease voluntary compliance by reducing people's desire to be vaccinated, particularly among those with low trust in public institutions. The research found increased opposition when participants were asked about legally required vaccinations, despite higher support for v...
Researchers developed a near-infrared camera system that can detect Burmese pythons up to 1.3 times farther away than traditional visible-wavelength cameras, providing a new tool for removal efforts and expanding detection capabilities day and night.
Researchers at RUDN University have synthesized a new class of compounds that inhibit the replication of the deadly Hantaan virus, which causes acute haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The resulting substances are 5 times more effective than existing antiviral drugs and show promise for treatment development.
Researchers have developed an imaging technique that visualizes cement hydration on a molecular level, offering insights into the complex chemical reactions that shape concrete. This advancement may lead to more sustainable concrete production and improved 3D printing capabilities.
Scientists used CO2 sensors to track changes in urban emissions, detecting a 33% reduction in Los Angeles and 34% in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore region. The study shows top-down methods can produce reliable emissions estimates, giving cities an important new tool to reduce emissions.
A new study found that COVID-19 in children and adolescents produces more symptoms and complications than seasonal influenza, including asthma, obesity, and rare conditions. Fatality rates were rare, with most 30-day complications being hypoxemia and pneumonia.
Researchers found that children with underlying medical conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 illness. The study highlights the importance of identifying and managing these conditions to reduce the severity of COVID-19 in children.
The Acoustical Society of America will host virtual press conferences during the 180th Meeting, focusing on research in acoustics. Topics include teaching methods during the pandemic, the acoustic properties of moth wings, and the impact of headphones on younger generations' audio health.
The study provides clues to how early agricultural practices shaped the evolution of these animals. Genetic analyses show that the ancient goats fell at the base of the domestic goat lineage, suggesting they were closely related to the animals first recruited during domestication.
A new study by the American Society for Nutrition found that people who eat faster or take larger bites tend to consume more food. The researchers suggest that being aware of portion sizes, slowing down while eating, and taking smaller bites can help avoid overconsumption.
A new disease called halo blight is threatening Michigan's hop production, causing yield losses and altering hop quality. Genetic testing revealed a novel fungal pathogen, Diaporthe sp. 1-MI, which can infect healthy hop plants and cause yellow margins on leaf lesions and browning of cones.
A large-scale study analyzing dietary patterns in over 350,000 women found that consuming pro-inflammatory foods increases breast cancer risk, with the strongest associations seen among premenopausal women. The study suggests that adopting an anti-inflammatory diet may help lower this risk.
Researchers have identified the alternative complement pathway as a key driver of IgA nephropathy, a chronic kidney disease. Iptacopan, an oral inhibitor of Factor B, has been shown to significantly reduce proteinuria and stabilize renal function in patients with IgAN, offering a new therapeutic approach.
Researchers at Penn State have designed and tested prototype batteries for electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, which require high energy density and rapid charging. The batteries can sustain over 2,000 fast-charges and retain some charge to ensure safety in the air.
Researchers propose searching for an axion analogue of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to learn about the early Universe. If successful, this could reveal new insights into dark matter, phase transitions, and inflation.
Researchers in the Zagros Mountains have discovered ancient DNA evidence suggesting goats were domesticated around 8200-7600 BCE, with genetic analysis revealing distinct herds from hunted wild goats. The domestication of goats in this region may represent the earliest known examples of goat herding.
The Humboldt Research Fellowship supports outstanding international researchers in climate-protecting projects. Five new fellows, including Pablo Urbina and Dr. Nusrat Sultana, will conduct research on Participatory Guarantee Systems and mango genome research in Germany.
A team of researchers identifies how the cowpea mosaic plant virus is recognized by the immune system and strongly stimulates it to attack and eliminate cancerous tumors. The discovery opens the door for CPMV to be pursued as a new biological drug for treatment of cancer.
Researchers at Osaka University identified a molecular mechanism governing immune cell motility, involving the lysosomal Ragulator complex. This process enables immune cells to migrate and elicit an immune response, with implications for treating autoimmune disorders and cancer.
Researchers at Salk Institute develop efficient method to produce insulin-producing cells from stem cells, bringing hope for type 1 diabetes treatment. The new approach resulted in beta cell yields of up to 80 percent and biologically functional transplanted cells in mouse model.
Researchers at George Mason University are investigating health impacts of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in New York state communities exposed to contaminated drinking water. The study aims to understand the threat of PFAS to human populations and design efficient interventions to mitigate exposure.
A new study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that people whose sleep pattern goes against their natural body clock are more likely to have depression and lower levels of wellbeing. Being genetically programmed to be an early riser is protective against major depression, and improves wellbeing.
A recent study published by the American Society for Nutrition compared the effects of low-fat and plant-centered diets on cardiovascular health. The research found that a plant-centered diet was associated with a lower long-term risk for cardiovascular disease, although both diets were linked with lower LDL levels.
Researchers develop new methodology to study lead halide perovskites' photophysics, revealing the limitations of existing theories. The method provides a complete representation of the material's photophysical processes, allowing for the examination of theory validity and exploration of new explanations.
A new study identifies ten-eleven-translocation 1 (TET1) as a necessary component of myelin repair in adult brains. Higher TET1 levels are needed to form functional myelin in response to injury, which declines with age.
Artificial intelligence natural language computer applications hold promise for health care, but their potential and pitfalls need thoughtful exploration. The authors identify realistic applications such as relieving routine tasks and improving customer service, but also emphasize the need for 'serious guardrails' to prevent harm.
African MERS-CoV strains show lower replication rates and virulence compared to Saudi Arabian strains. Spike protein differences contribute to the disparity, raising concerns about increased transmission and global outbreak risk.
A study found that travellers who returned from abroad acquired and spread destination-specific antimicrobial resistance genes in their gut microbiome. The diversity of these genes increased significantly after travel, with high-risk genes resistant to common antibiotics identified.
A study analyzing 7,263 English Premier League goals found that random influence is present in almost every second goal (46%). Weaker teams and draw situations see a higher proportion of chance goals, with the occurrence dependent on match situation.
A new study predicts massive range declines of African great apes (85-94%) due to climate change, land-use changes, and human population growth. The authors warn that effective conservation strategies require careful planning for protected areas and connectivity between habitats.
The Journal of the Bulgarian Geographical Society has moved to the ARPHA Platform, offering fast-track publishing, machine-readable XML format, automated data export, and web-service integrations. The journal now covers all fields of geography and interrelated sciences with a focus on Southeastern Europe and the Balkans.
A study found low GABA levels in adolescents associated with lack of math education, leading to poorer performance on math tests. Math education was linked to increased brain plasticity, suggesting implications for educational policies and access to opportunities.
A study of US adults found that those who received more social support than they gave had a higher mortality risk. Individuals who gave excessive social support also exhibited a higher risk of death.
Researchers discovered a link between chronic high blood pressure and elevated intracranial pressure, validating a non-invasive monitoring method. The study proposes treating high blood pressure with losartan to prevent intracranial hypertension and its complications like stroke.
A recent study found that dragonflies from the Yaeyama and Taiwan islands, despite being geographically close, have higher genetic diversity than expected due to island fragmentation. This discovery suggests that historical dispersal events may have influenced genetic exchange between islands.
A Danish-Swedish study found that football and team handball training have a positive effect on telomere length and mitochondrial function in women, potentially increasing their health span and lifespan. The research involved 129 healthy women and showed that elite football players had longer telomeres compared to untrained controls.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a molecular switch that can be activated by green light from a smartwatch, producing insulin or other substances. The system uses HEK 293 cells and is linked to a gene network, which can be configured to produce specific substances.
New study finds no evidence of widespread forest clearing by Indigenous populations in western Amazonia before European arrival. Instead, researchers suggest a history of sustainable use and minimal impact on ecosystem biodiversity.
Researchers analyzed 36 patients with skin squamous-cell carcinoma, finding that CD8+ T cells infiltrated tumors with lymphatic endothelial cells. Perineural infiltrated sSCC without metastasis showed low lymphatic endothelial cell density, suggesting a link to tumor microenvironment biology.
A new study provides valuable information on the cognitive processes and brain systems underlying adolescent development. The data from the largest longitudinal neuroimaging study to date reveals which brain regions are involved in key psychological processes, including cognitive control, reward processing, and social/emotional function.
Research suggests climate change will have a larger and more widespread impact on landscapes than the emerald ash borer. The model showed that climatic changes, such as warmer temperatures and droughts, would lead to a shift in tree composition from northern to southern hardwoods.
A lab-made monoclonal antibody, leronlimab, has been shown to completely prevent nonhuman primates from being infected with the monkey form of HIV. The results inform a future human clinical trial evaluating leronlimab as a potential pre-exposure prophylaxis therapy.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania found that Americans dramatically overestimate the number of migrants affiliated with gangs and children being trafficked. Researchers developed interventions to address this misinformation and increase empathy, resulting in improved attitudes toward immigrants.
New research reveals that stressed male mice can pass on their stress behaviors to their offspring through changes in the sperm's genetic code. This finding indicates that sperm transmits short-term environmental information to offspring, influencing their stress responses.
A global multicentre clinical trial found that a one-hour ultrasound-based procedure called 'renal denervation' significantly reduced blood pressure in resistant hypertension patients. The study, published in The Lancet, suggests this procedure could offer hope to patients who do not respond to recommended treatments.
The device was used to culture two maternal endometrial cell types, revealing the effects of glucose and insulin level alterations on uterine environment. High levels of glucose altered protein expression and secretion, while insulin changes triggered quantitative changes in protein secretion without significant gene transcription.
Researchers link sleep problems in autism to glial cells, blood-brain barrier, and serotonin, finding that high levels of serotonin cause sleep fragmentation. The study suggests a potential treatment for adults with autism-related sleep disorders.
The project aims to investigate the factors that explain links between technological progress, technology diffusion, and market results. It will also analyze the impact of government policies on private investment and long-term growth.
Researchers have found that leptin can help mobilize extra fat in the liver, reversing conditions like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with partial lipodystrophy and/or low leptin levels. Leptin therapy showed promise in improving insulin sensitivity and body weight.
A randomized clinical trial tested an automated, personalized intervention to improve health in hospital staff, finding that employees who received feedback on their cafeteria purchases made healthier choices. The study's results suggest that food purchasing data can be leveraged for delivering health promotion interventions at scale.
Researchers developed RADICA, a molecular rapid testing methodology for detecting viral nucleic acids in 40-60 minutes. The method has been tested on SARS-CoV-2 synthetic DNA/RNA and Epstein-Barr virus and shows high sensitivity and specificity.
The German Research Foundation has extended funding for two Göttingen Collaborative Research Centres, CRC 1073 and CRC 1286, to further their research on atomic scale control of energy conversion and quantitative synaptology. The CRCs will receive around ten million euros per year over four years.
Researchers in China developed new NIR dyes based on the energy gap law, achieving efficient near-infrared phosphorescence without metals. The dyes demonstrated moderate to high performance, with TBPB@PVA films showing the best results.
Researchers found that Bdelloid rotifers can persist for at least 24,000 years in the Siberian permafrost and survive. The study suggests that these tiny animals have a mechanism to shield their cells and organs from harm at extremely low temperatures.
Researchers found that space travel perturbs human physiology, leading to weaker immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections. The study suggests that T regulator cells (Tregs) play a key role in the weakening of an astronaut's immune system during space travel.
Researchers found that antiphospholipid antibodies bind to a specific complex in the body, triggering an autoimmune response that can lead to severe inflammation and organ damage. The study suggests that immunomodulatory therapies used for autoimmune diseases like SLE may also be effective in treating COVID-19.
Researchers discovered larger touch receptors on male turtle-headed sea snakes, potentially sensing vibrations made by swimming mates, prey or predators. These receptors may help males orient towards the female's direction during mating.
Researchers have compiled the most complete library yet of lanthanides and their potential toxicity by exposing baker's yeast to lanthanide metals. The study found that lanthanides interrupt cell-signaling pathways, disrupting calcium-binding sites in endocytosis and ESCRT machinery.
A new overview article explores innovative strategies for protein sequencing at the single-cell and single-molecule level, enabling critical insights into cell-to-cell variation in organs and tissues. This breakthrough may lead to routine clinical applications for diagnostic and treatment purposes, fulfilling personalized medicine.
A large research project found that children of women with epilepsy who took antiseizure medication during pregnancy have similar cognitive outcomes at age 2 as those born to healthy women. However, higher levels of medication were linked to lower scores on motor and general adaptive tests related to self-care.
The University of Tartu and Tilde are developing a cutting-edge machine translation platform to advance Estonian translation capabilities. The project aims to create practical tools for public institutions, translation agencies, and developers, leveraging new approaches like modular transformer-type neural networks.
Aalto University researchers have developed a machine learning-based method to produce synthetic data that preserves privacy and can be used for statistical analyses. The new method solves a major problem with existing methods, enabling researchers to share sensitive information without compromising individual identities.
A new separator developed by nanoengineers at the University of California San Diego traps gas molecules to stabilize volatile electrolytes, preventing swelling and explosions. The separator boosts battery performance at ultra-low temperatures, with cells operating at 500 milliamp-hours per gram at -40 C.
Researchers developed Ru1/NC SAC, showcasing improved catalytic activity and selectivity in reductive amination reactions. The single-atom dispersion and coordination environment play crucial roles in determining the catalytic performance.
Researchers analyzed Facebook conversations to explore automated misinformation about face masks and COVID-19. The study found that Facebook's automated software spread false information on public groups, highlighting the need for fact-checking measures.
Researchers have discovered the VFD's capabilities in controlling chemical reactivity, materials processing, and probing self-organised systems. The device has shown promise in synthesizing various compounds and could lead to more efficient and environmentally friendly production methods.
A large-scale study found that high caffeine intake may increase the risk of glaucoma by three-fold in individuals with a strong family history. Caffeine consumption above 480mg daily was associated with higher intraocular pressure and increased glaucoma prevalence.
Researchers have established the first map of snow microalgae distribution along elevation, revealing different species thrive at varying altitudes. The study aims to answer fundamental questions about these organisms' survival, blooms, and impact on snowmelt.
An article by Julie A. Fairman, PhD, RN, FAAN, explores the meaning of epidemics from a nursing perspective, extending Charles Rosenberg's 1992 work on the AIDS epidemic. This approach highlights the importance of understanding the social constructs and meanings attached to epidemics through the experiences of nurses and patients.
A study published in Environment International found high levels of lead in indigenous people living in Peruvian Amazonia, with the highest concentrations found near oil extraction areas. The research, led by Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo, highlights the need for urgent action to address the potential health effects on these communities.
A new study shows that snowflake morays can grab and swallow prey on land thanks to an extra set of jaws in their throats, allowing them to utilize different environments for food resources. This unique feeding mechanism enables at least one species of moray to feed on land without relying on water.
A new report by the International Osteoporosis Foundation reveals that fragility fractures result in 4.3 million cases and €56.9 billion in healthcare costs each year in Europe. The report also highlights significant service provision gaps, with only half of women at high fracture risk receiving therapy for osteoporosis.
A new study shows Puerto Rico's capacity to produce record-breaking floods and landslides, highlighting the need for adaptation in planning tools. The island's limited water storage capacity is exacerbated by sediment infilling reservoirs, leading to water scarcity.
A study by Columbia University researchers found that eusocial snapping shrimp have larger genomes due to an accumulation of 'jumping' genes called transposable elements. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the relationship between genome evolution and social behavior in various species, including humans.
A team of MIT chemical engineers has developed a new method for incorporating hydrophobic drugs into tablets or other formulations, which allows for higher drug loading and potentially smaller dosages. This could lead to improved patient compliance and effectiveness, especially for people who have difficulty swallowing pills.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have developed a non-toxic method to label peptides and investigate their mechanism of action. The new technique allows for efficient screening of molecules important for the adaptive immune system, which can help fight infections and cancer.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University have made a significant discovery in the physics of blood clotting. By modeling the dynamics of clot contraction, they found that platelets work best when not in total sync with each other, leading to a 90% decrease in clot volume.
A recent study found that fewer than one in three women aged 64 to 66 met the criteria to discontinue cervical cancer screening. The majority of women in this age group may be at risk for cervical cancer due to inadequate screening or preexisting high-risk conditions.
A study analyzing charcoal and phytolith records in northeastern Peru suggests that indigenous societies helped maintain forest integrity over the last 5,000 years. Material remains of ancient cultures, such as ceramics and stone tools, were absent from soil samples, supporting the findings.
A new vaccine called KCONVAC has been shown to be safe and induce antibody production in healthy Chinese adults. The phase 1 and 2 clinical trials demonstrated that the vaccine is well-tolerated and generates a robust immune response, with stronger antibody production seen when participants received their second dose four weeks apart.
Toshiba has demonstrated record distances for quantum communications using a novel 'dual band' stabilisation technique, enabling QKD over 600km. The technique sends two optical reference signals to minimise phase fluctuations on long fibres, resulting in constant optical phase stability even after propagation through hundreds of km.
Researchers analyzed fine-scale energy use data to reveal significant racial and income disparities in urban energy use. Block groups with higher poverty rates exhibit significantly higher annual energy consumption, particularly for temperature-sensitive applications.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have made a groundbreaking discovery in charge storage mechanisms for calcium-air batteries. The new finding, known as trapped interfacial redox, introduces a novel mechanism that can be harnessed to create highly sustainable battery technologies.
A new study in PNAS reveals that a rainforest in the Putumayo region of Peru has been home to relatively unaltered forest for 5,000 years. Researchers found microscopic silica and charcoal in the soil, which indicate that humans coexisted with nature without altering the environment.
Prenatal supplements may affect breast milk microbiota composition, while maternal obesity can impact child health. Physical activity during pregnancy is linked with epigenetic changes that influence offspring health.
A new study found that consuming mangos can help lower chronic disease risk by improving fasting glucose levels and reducing inflammation. Researchers also discovered that adding herbs and spices to the diet may help lower blood pressure, while ginger, cinnamon, and turmeric supplements were linked with improved cholesterol benefits.
Mental health visits for new mothers skyrocketed 30% during the COVID-19 pandemic, with increased rates observed in the first 3 months after giving birth. The study suggests that virtual care may have removed barriers to postpartum mental health support, enabling more people to seek care.
A real-world study found the first dose of the BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccine to be highly effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection 13 to 24 days after immunization. The study revealed a significant reduction in infection rates among vaccinated individuals, highlighting the vaccine's effectiveness in real-world settings.
A new study using a computational model found that cutting food waste would provide enough protein and energy to feed the growing population but fall short in terms of micronutrients like calcium, iron, and vitamin E. Researchers emphasize the need for attention to essential vitamins and minerals to address global nutritional needs.
Researchers analyzed sediment cores revealing that pre-Columbian societies used controlled fires and water management techniques from at least 3,500 years ago. This predates changes caused by cattle and new technologies in the region.
Researchers studied rats in mazes to observe brain cell activation during correct and incorrect memory recall. They found similar patterns of cell activation, but with different timing and energy levels, suggesting a link between memory disorders like Alzheimer's and faulty retrieval.
A new study reveals that malicious bots are the primary pathogen of COVID-19 misinformation on social media, amplifying false claims and conspiracies. Bots were found to spread misinformation at a rate far greater than ordinary users, leading to widespread harm to public health.
Researchers recovered 10,000 extraterrestrial chrome-spinel grains to establish a paleoflux record of meteorites falling to Earth. The results suggest that meteorite delivery has been largely stable over the past 500 million years.
A study of over 2,000 US adults found that the pandemic has led to a decrease in the consumption of healthy foods such as vegetables and whole grains. The researchers suggest that this shift may be more pronounced among certain populations, including women, black and Latino participants, and those who gained weight during the pandemic.
A Rice University study, likened to the movie 'The Truman Show,' found that genetic variation plays a significant role in determining social positions within groups of cloned fruit flies. The researchers measured social interactions between identical clones in separate enclosures under different environmental conditions.
Romain van Wassenhove has created a sustainable bamboo connector that can be used to make modular structures out of sustainable materials. His invention is EU patent-protected and has been published in Composite Structures, a leading journal for composite materials and their applications.
New equations based on tooth width provide a more accurate estimate of megalodon's size, measuring up to 65 feet long. The revised estimate is the result of a high school lesson gone wrong and collaboration between researchers and teachers.
Researchers from NCRA-TIFR and RRI used the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope to measure the atomic hydrogen gas content of galaxies 9 billion years ago. They found that galaxies at this time were rich in gas, with nearly three times as much mass in atomic gas as in stars.
A new study by Flinders University researchers found that people living with HIV/AIDS face significant discrimination in their families, communities, and even among healthcare providers. This stigma can lead to concealment of the condition, self-isolation, and poor access to healthcare services.
Researchers at RMIT University have discovered a bacteria-killing compound in Nem Chua that can destroy more dangerous bacteria, potentially leading to a safe and all-natural food preservative. The compound is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including those that cause life-threatening diseases like Listeria.
A study analyzing e-scooter injuries in Berlin found that most incidents occur on weekends, at night, and are caused by loss of control or kerb jumping. The researchers advocate for stricter regulations, including helmet use, age limits, and technical modifications to reduce injury risk.
A new study by Silvia Weko reveals that political ideology plays a larger role than party preferences in shaping attitudes towards climate policy among Europeans. Cosmopolitan attitudes are more positive towards climate action, while communitarian minds are more concerned with energy security and economic development.
A new resource provides a cellular and spatial map of the choroid plexus, revealing its constituent cell types, gene expression profiles, and molecular makeup. The atlas shows differences in tissue architecture, immune activity, and vascular arrangement across different life stages, offering insights into brain development and immunity.
A study of over 53,000 Korean adolescents found that moderate smartphone use is associated with unhealthy eating behaviors, including a higher intake of junk food and fewer fruits and vegetables. Teens who spent more than 3 hours per day on their phone were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese.
Researchers from Monash University have made a fundamental advance in understanding how T cells become activated when encountering pathogens. The study found that T cells need to recognize pathogens in a particular orientation to receive a strong activating signal, revealing a critical mechanism for effective T cell immunity.
A Rutgers study explores the relationship between intergenerational families, acculturation, and cognitive function among older Chinese Americans. Researchers found that those with better English proficiency, media use, and social connections showed higher cognitive function.
Researchers discover two waves of bulge formation in disc galaxies, with older bulges formed at redshift 6.2 and younger ones at 1.3. The bulges formed quickly or over thousands of million years, showing the universe has two ways to form galaxy centers.
Russian paleontologists have discovered the skull of a 9-10 year old Pleistocene small cave bear with artificial damage, which could be evidence of ancient ritual practices. The finding is significant as it may be the world's first direct evidence of Paleolithic hunters targeting small cave bears.
Professor Yuri Mishin at George Mason University is advancing understanding of interface thermodynamics and kinetics through atomic modeling. He aims to investigate grain boundary segregation, phase transformations, and solute drag effects in alloys.
A bioinspired approach to C2 prenylation of indoles has been developed, enabling the regioselective synthesis of tryptophol and tryptamine derivatives. The method uses cheap tert-prenol as a precursor and Lewis acid AlCl3 as a catalyst, demonstrating high selectivity.
Studies show that families report increased concerns about child weight gain during COVID-19, with snacking being a key contributor to nutrient-poor calories. Additionally, young people worldwide face barriers to healthy eating due to various factors.
Researchers have identified specific cell types and tumor pathways that can predict which kidney cancers respond to immunotherapy, offering new insights into treatment strategies. The study's findings could lead to the development of biomarkers to guide kidney cancer treatment.
Research led by Dr. Satya P. Kunapuli seeks to understand how platelets become activated to form clots that lead to cardiovascular diseases like stroke and heart attack. The study aims to identify molecular differences in platelet genes and proteins to facilitate the discovery of new signaling pathways relevant to cardiovascular disease.
The study reveals that researchers' subjective decisions can lead to variations in climate reconstruction outcomes. The experiment showed notable differences in amplitude and sensitivity among multiple reconstructions using the same raw data. To improve reliability, teams are advised to create ensemble reconstructions.
A new research project SEEDFOOD aims to create fundamental knowledge on using rapeseed proteins for human consumption. The researchers will investigate how to process the proteins to achieve optimal functionality in food, including taste and nutritional value, while developing gentle methods to avoid damaging the proteins.
Researchers found COVID-19 causes a wide range of organs, including the kidneys, resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI) with significant mortality rates. Studies showed viruses were directly detected in kidneys of deceased patients, correlating with age and comorbidities.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London tested an algorithm on 700,000 patient records in east London to identify Familial Hypercholesterolemia, a leading cause of heart attacks in young people. The 'FAMCAT' algorithm analyzes GP data and family history to predict who may be at risk.
TGen will accelerate its efforts to track variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with the grant, enabling the identification of specific variants and improving biomedical technology. The funds will also enable TGen to provide a genomic sequence for every new COVID-19 infection in Arizona.
A team of scientists from UCLA and other institutions has confirmed the interaction between electrons and Alfvén waves, shedding light on the origin of the aurora borealis. The experiment replicated conditions in Earth's auroral magnetosphere, revealing that electrons undergo resonant acceleration by the Alfvén wave's electric field.
Bird collisions in Chicago are significantly correlated with high-intensity local migration, decreased moon illumination, and increased offshore winds. Minimizing building lighting at night may reduce collision rates among nocturnally migrating birds, according to a study by Benjamin Van Doren et al.
Australotitan, the southern titan, is Australia's largest dinosaur, reaching heights of 5-6.5 meters and lengths of 25-30 meters. The fossilised skeleton was discovered in Eromanga, southwest Queensland, and its scientific description marks a 17-year-long collaboration between Queensland Museum and Eromanga Natural History Museum.
A new study suggests that economic recessions lead to a decline in dietary quality, particularly in food-insecure households. The research analyzed data from over 60,000 adults and children in the US during the Great Recession and found significant reductions in nutrient-dense foods.
Researchers discovered a new electronic property in a specially engineered metal alloy, enabling the manipulation of heat with a magnetic 'switch'. The material, called Weyl semimetal, exhibits unusual electron behavior, generating and absorbing heat to create an energy pump.
Researchers found that just three to six bacterial groups are responsible for the majority of carbon cycling in soils. These dominant species were able to efficiently consume and utilize both existing and added soil carbon and nutrients.
A new study suggests that consuming high amounts of sugar from childhood can lead to significant weight gain, persistent hyperactivity, and learning impairments. Reducing sugar intake has been shown to prevent these issues, supporting World Health Organization recommendations.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new way of generating electricity using tiny carbon particles that can create a current simply by interacting with liquid surrounding them. This technology allows for electrochemistry without wires, enabling applications such as powering micro- or nanoscale robots and driving chemical reactions.
Researchers have identified Alfven waves as the primary cause of the most brilliant auroras. These waves accelerate electrons toward Earth, producing atmospheric light show, through a process known as Landau damping. The study, conducted at the Large Plasma Device, confirms decades-long quest to demonstrate experimentally the physical ...
A new approach to model and analyze protein-ligand interactions in cancer research is being developed through a $1.2 million NIH grant. Researchers will use the proteomics toolkit PROTEAN-CR to understand key biological mechanisms of cancer and suggest novel cancer therapies.
Only 5% of men and 9% of women meet daily fiber recommendations, associated with higher risks of heart disease and diabetes. Higher dietary fiber intake is strongly linked to reduced markers for heart and kidney disease in adults with diabetes.
Research suggests that mask-wearing, hand-washing, and physical distancing may reduce Kawasaki disease incidence in children. The study found a 40% decrease in cases after COVID-19 prevention efforts began in February 2020.
A team of astrophysicists led by Luke Bouma has confirmed that one of these streams of stars, NGC 2516, extends at least 1,600 light-years -- 500 parsecs -- from tip to tip.
Researchers suppressed magnetic order across a material for several picoseconds using ultrafast laser pulses. The study reveals how magnetic interactions are suppressed not just locally but everywhere, with the goal of understanding magnetism control for applications like data storage and superconductivity.
Researchers have identified a novel interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP), which could be a new therapeutic anti-viral target. The presence of detectable viral RNA in blood is strongly associated with increased risk of severe illness.
A new study provides fine-grained methods for measuring income and racial disparities in energy use intensity. The research found that households in low-income non-white neighborhoods report higher energy use intensity, reflective of lower energy efficiency and lower participation in rebate programs. Cities can now apply this method to...
Researchers developed a predictive model to monitor infant gene expression changes, potentially identifying early markers for T1D progression. The study used data from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) consortium and identified specific gene expression patterns related to natural killer cells.
A team of researchers developed a new method to analyze global food value chains, revealing that farmers receive only 27% of consumer expenditure on foods consumed at home. The study found that the majority of value is created in post-farmgate activities, such as processing and manufacturing.
Research on metal chalcogenide supertetrahedral clusters has explored their composition-structure-property relationships, functionality, and applications. The evolution of MCSCs has led to the development of new frameworks, discretization in superlattices, and site-dependent properties.
A study using protein mapping reveals that abnormal glutamate levels in the brains of schizophrenic patients can lead to oxidative stress and apoptosis in neurons, while oligodendrocytes display different responses. This knowledge may contribute to the development of more targeted treatments for schizophrenia.
Studies have shown that COVID-19-associated nephritis can predict disease severity and mortality, while early signs of kidney involvement are associated with worse outcomes. Chronic kidney disease is a risk for some patients, particularly those who experience acute kidney injury (AKI), which may not recover fully.
The study found that guided digital skills training sessions not only improved older adults' digital literacy but also fostered meaningful social connections and a sense of community. Participants reported increased motivation, joy, and satisfaction with the training experience.
Researchers at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute will advance noninvasive brain and cancer treatments with the new MRI-guided focused ultrasound facility. The technology, already used to treat movement disorders and solid tumors, aims to deliver precise energy to alleviate symptoms associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
Research shows that hospitalized individuals with active cancer are more likely to die from COVID-19 than those with a history of cancer or no cancer diagnosis. Patients with blood-related cancers face the greatest risk of death, while recent cancer therapy is not linked to worse outcomes.
Archaeologists have discovered that ancient chickens lived significantly longer than modern fowl due to their sacred status. Researchers used a new method based on the tarsometatarsal spur to estimate ages and found that over 50% of Iron Age bones were from birds aged over two years.
A new research project, PROFERMENT, aims to create sustainable plant-based foods by optimizing plant-based protein sources through fermentation. The researchers use Bacillus bacteria and moulds to increase nutritional value and create desirable taste and structure, with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
KTU's rooftop solar plant project, selected from 2,500 entries worldwide, combines multiple energy sources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The initiative aims to educate students on renewable energy and mitigate climate change.
A new international study has identified a drug that can halt the progression of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in sportspeople who sustain repeated head injuries. The treatment was successfully tested in animal models and shows promise for preventing neurological problems associated with CTE, which affects cognition and behavior.
A team of bioengineers defined ten overarching classes of constraints on early metabolic networks based on basic chemistry and physics. These abiotic constraints dictate fundamental aspects of chemical processes, influencing the evolution of alternative transport systems and stress response mechanisms.
A new study from the University of Technology Sydney models how coronavirus aerosols travel through our lungs, revealing that more than 65% of particles reach the deepest region where damage can occur. The research also shows that the right lung is more affected by virus deposition due to its asymmetrical anatomy.
The Agriculture Sector Technology Roadmap addresses treating and reusing water in agricultural applications, such as irrigation and meat processing. The roadmap identifies various areas of opportunity for using non-traditional water, including recycling drainage from crop fields.
Divita Mathur is investigating cytosolic access and instability of DNA nanoparticles to overcome current delivery mechanisms. The goal is to create more biocompatible delivery systems, enabling advanced targeted therapies.
Researchers found a correlation between high ACE2 concentrations and increased risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes. The study suggests that measuring ACE1 levels may be a useful biomarker to predict mortality from the disease.
Researchers found that plants exhibit a rapid burst of gene activity within an hour of dawn, with three distinct waves. This inner circadian clock helps plants prepare for the day, and scientists identified key regulators of light signaling, including HY5 and BBX31.
A new study revises past temperature estimates in Antarctica, revealing significant differences between West and East Antarctica due to varying altitudes. The research uses two independent methods to measure temperatures, providing reliable data for climate modeling and future projections.
A new study found that darkening even some windows at night during bird migration periods could reduce bird collisions by 60%. Researchers analyzed data from McCormick Place convention center and found that half of the building's windows being illuminated resulted in 11 times fewer nighttime bird collisions during spring migration.
A study revealed that Staphylococcus saprophyticus can originate from food, particularly meat production, and is a major cause of urinary tract infections in young women. The bacteria's transmission occurs between persons within the community, emphasizing the importance of hygiene practices to prevent infectious diseases.
This study investigated the effect of culturing hepatocellular cancer cells in more native conditions, revealing slower doubling times, increased glycolytic enzymes, and mutations in mitochondrial DNA. The results showed increased resistance and sensitivity for cells cultured in native conditions, highlighting new insights into tumor b...
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that zinc plays a critical role in regulating blood pressure by triggering the relaxation of blood vessels. This discovery could lead to the development of new zinc-based blood pressure drugs, addressing the limitations of existing treatments for hypertension.
A recent commentary published in Annals of Internal Medicine highlights the growing concern of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis, or 'black fungus', in India. Experts recommend nonpharmacological measures and careful corticosteroid use to prevent and manage this syndemic.
A study published in Nature Communications has identified a single biomarker, neurofilament light chain (NfL), that can accurately reveal underlying neurodegeneration in people with cognitive issues. NfL levels in blood were found to be higher across all neurodegenerative disorders compared to those with no cognitive problems.
A study examining ERPO use in Oregon found that these laws are commonly considered as a tool to remove guns from dangerous individuals, but should also be used to prevent gun purchases by those at risk. Most ERPO petitions were filed by law enforcement or reported histories of interpersonal violence or suicidality.
A new study by Iowa State University scientists has developed an integrated framework to explain the complex interactions between a plant's genotype and environment. The framework uses advanced data analytics to predict crop performance and could lead to more accurate breeding of high-yielding crops.