Researchers create polymers infused with stress-sensitive molecular units that respond to external forces by switching on fluorescence. The team demonstrates reversible and irreversible polymer deformations using rotaxane-based mechanophores.
Seven PhD students at DGIST have been chosen for a two-year research project funded by Korea's National Research Foundation. They will focus on developing new materials and nano-structural designs to overcome existing solar cell limitations.
Researchers have developed a method to control the degradation of messenger RNA, which could lead to more efficient biotechnological functions and improved medical outcomes. This breakthrough has potential applications in vaccine development, genome engineering, and therapeutic treatments.
Researchers found multiple dinosaur species that reproduced in Arctic, including hadrosaurids, ceratopsians, and tyrannosaurs. The discovery provides evidence of year-round residency by dinosaurs in extremely cold environments.
Researchers have identified a novel virulence trait of Streptococcus pneumoniae that increases the severity of S. pneumoniae superinfection following flu. The surface protein PspA, previously known to have several other virulence mechanisms, now functions as an adhesin to dying lung epithelial cells. This finding provides further expla...
A new recycling strategy for perovskite solar panels has been developed, which could reduce the carbon footprint of these panels by up to 72.6%. The recycling process could also lower the primary energy consumption of perovskite solar cells.
Researchers found that a low-tryptophan diet increased systemic inflammation and altered the gut microbiome in aged mice. The study suggests that a balanced metabolite mix may be essential for maintaining optimal gut function.
Researchers have developed a more efficient method for measuring entanglement in quantum simulators, allowing for new insights into the structure of the quantum state. The new protocol uses insights from quantum field theory to perform tomography with significantly fewer measurements.
A new analysis by NYU researchers outlines how red flag laws can reduce gun violence while protecting constitutional rights. The study found that 19 states enacted a total of 43 red flag laws, despite concerns over constitutionality.
Researchers from Uppsala University and others found new clues about Indonesia's explosive volcanoes by analyzing lava minerals. The study enhances our understanding of how volcanism in the Indonesian archipelago works, helping predict volcanic eruptions.
A research team from the University of Alaska Fairbanks and Florida State University has found evidence that nearly all types of Arctic dinosaurs reproduced in the region and likely remained there year-round. The discovery contradicts previous hypotheses that the animals migrated to lower latitudes for the winter, suggesting they were ...
Researchers from Helmholtz Zentrum München have discovered a novel mechanism driving the formation of the endoderm germ layer during gastrulation. This finding has significant implications for understanding congenital diseases and potential targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology has developed guidelines for studies on work participation in people with inflammatory arthritis. The guidelines focus on identifying contextual factors and accounting for changes in work status over time.
New study confirms Russian forests have accumulated 40% more biomass than reported, with potential for 47% higher carbon sequestration. Close collaboration between science and policy is critical for adaptive forest management.
A recent study using ethane proxies has found that oil and gas wells contribute significantly to greenhouse warming, exceeding EPA estimates by 48-76%. The researchers tracked ethane and methane emissions across the US over three seasons, providing new insights into fossil fuel sources.
A new study suggests that the first COVID-19 case arose in China between early October and mid-November 2019, with November 17 being the most likely date of origin. The analysis reveals a more rapid spread than previously confirmed cases imply, with the disease spreading globally by January 2020.
A study by an international consortium reveals the structure and mechanism of a protein that builds and maintains photosynthetic membranes in plants. The research provides new opportunities for engineering plants to be more resistant to extreme environmental conditions, helping to sustain human food supply and combat climate change.
A case report highlights the importance of recognizing remdesivir-induced hemodynamically unstable sinus bradycardia in COVID-19 patients. The patient experienced significant bradycardia after starting treatment with remdesivir, but resolved after stabilization with dopamine infusion.
Researchers identified FTO as a key regulator of cancer metastasis and found that lowering its levels enhances WNT signaling, making tumors more sensitive to WNT inhibitors. This discovery offers encouraging prospects for treating aggressive cancers.
A new study found that nurses experienced high rates of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly those working in long-term care. The survey of over 10,000 Canadian nurses revealed a significant decline in their well-being, with six out of 10 reporting anxiety in April.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers suggests that playing virtual reality games during a venipuncture procedure can reduce pain and anxiety in pediatric patients. However, the study also found that VR gameplay added an average of 4-6 minutes to the procedure time due to technical issues.
Burnout is a significant issue in today's NHS, with 44% of staff reporting work-related stress. Improving staff health and wellbeing is crucial for the moral, social, and economic priority it represents.
Researchers have discovered a key molecular mechanism underlying immune cell training, which determines whether cells respond aggressively to threats. By understanding this process, doctors may be able to 'hack' the immune system to strengthen it and prevent autoimmunity.
A new study from the University of Toronto found that 63% of Canadians with migraines experience almost daily happiness and high levels of social and psychological well-being. Those who had a confidant or used spiritual coping mechanisms were more likely to be in excellent mental health.
Researchers found that only about 30% of genes associated with aging control the body's internal clock, while the rest reflect the response to bacteria. Antibiotics extended fly lives by up to six days and altered gene activity in many hallmark aging genes.
Researchers evaluated COVID-19 patients with loss of smell one year post-diagnosis, finding persistent cognitive and emotional impairments. Long-term follow-up studies like this one are crucial for understanding the lasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A new study found that over 70% of people with fibromyalgia who use CBD substitute it for opioids or other pain medications, reporting improved symptom relief. CBD is being used as a harm reduction strategy due to its non-intoxicating properties and lower potential for abuse.
Researchers have developed PSII-based biomimetic assemblies to improve photosynthetic activity, leveraging synthetic luminescent materials to boost ATP synthesis. The system combines PSII with artificial structures to optimize light absorption and overcome stability limitations.
A study coordinated by the University of Trento identified the cell of origin of medulloblastoma, a common and aggressive childhood brain cancer. The researchers used organoids, three-dimensional models of tumor tissue, to understand the genetic mechanisms responsible for this type of brain cancer.
A recent study found that genes involved in bacterial signaling play a crucial role in the virulence of Psa3, a highly aggressive biovar of the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. This discovery highlights the importance of understanding the diversity of virulence strategies among closely related bacterial strains.
Researchers at Osaka University have discovered an excited neon state that exists in neon-20, providing evidence for a predicted nuclear state. This discovery may help explain the nature of low-density nucleon many-body systems and the activity of neutron stars.
Scientists at Princess Máxima Center developed a new imaging technique to study millions of cells in 3D tissue, revealing hundreds of features from each individual cell. The technique helps analyze molecular profiles and cell shape, potentially improving diagnosis and treatment for children's cancers.
A study published in Nature Plants found that mixed cultures of crops can produce higher yields than monocultures due to the biodiversity effect. This approach involves sowing multiple species or varieties alongside each other, resulting in increased plant productivity and effective natural pest control without pesticides.
A new study reveals that inhibitory neurons increase signal transmission by targeting the weakest-responding neurons in the brain, enabling flexible information transfer. This discovery could help understand and treat disorders such as anxiety and attention deficit disorders.
Researchers John Schwabe and Daniel Panne have been awarded £3.89 million to investigate gene regulation, with a focus on histone deacetylase complexes and DNA folding. The study aims to understand how genes are regulated and its potential in treating diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's.
Professor Rickman recognized for broad scholarship in materials science, physics, and computational materials theory, and distinguished service to the American Ceramic Society. He applies materials informatics to analyze complex problems in materials science.
A recent study using computer modelling found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds more tightly to human cells than any other tested animal species, including bats and pangolins. The results suggest that the virus may have adapted to become an effective human pathogen through convergent evolution or genetic recombination.
Researchers developed a new dietary fiber formulation that modulates the gut microbiome, improving potency of immunotherapies against cancer. The inulin gel doubled the rate of tumor eradication in rodents with colon carcinoma and melanoma, expanding beneficial microbes in the gastrointestinal tract.
This study highlights PGC1α's role in maintaining vascular smooth muscle cells' contractile phenotype and reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation. Overexpression of PGC1α attenuates high cholesterol diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits, showing its therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers discovered that consuming concentrated chocolate in the morning can aid in burning fat and decreasing blood sugar levels. The study also found that eating chocolate at different times of day can influence hunger, appetite, microbiota composition, sleep, and metabolism.
A joint research team led by Prof. FU Qiaomei has sequenced the ancient genomes of 31 individuals from southern East Asia, unveiling a missing piece of human prehistory. The study reveals three genetically distinct ancestries in southern East Asia and Southeast Asia: Fujian ancestry, Hòabìnhian ancestry, and Guangxi ancestry.
Biologists at St Petersburg University studied mechanisms of regeneration of marine animals and found that suppression of FGF protein activity disrupts the ability of Alitta virens to restore lost body segments. Similar proteins are found in humans, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches for regenerative medicine.
A recent study reveals that different brain syndromes are caused by damage to the HUWE1 gene, leading to intellectual disabilities. The research, led by Professor Barbara van Loon, used mini-brains created from stem cells to demonstrate the common cause of these disorders.
Researchers have identified the structure and functions of RON13, a kinase essential for the invasive mechanism of Toxoplasma gondii in humans. The parasite's ability to infect cells is hindered without RON13, providing a potential target for new therapies.
The new CRISPR 3.0 system allows for simultaneous activation of up to seven genes at once, demonstrating high accuracy and efficiency. This multiplexed gene activation system has significant potential for crop breeding and enhancement, enabling the discovery and translational science in plants.
A new study suggests that cosmic dawn, when stars formed for the first time, occurred between 250 and 350 million years after the beginning of the universe. The study used data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes to estimate the age of distant galaxies.
Researchers at Heidelberg University discovered an enzyme that breaks down Wnt proteins, shaping body axis development in the freshwater polyp Hydra. This discovery may play a role in human diseases such as cancer.
The ACTG announced that the Camostat treatment group in the ACTIV-2 Outpatient Monoclonal Antibodies and Other Therapies Trial will not move to phase 3. The phase 2 data failed to meet criteria for graduation, based on demonstrating early changes in viral shedding or improvement in symptoms.
A new study found that a low Omega-3 Index is associated with increased risk of early death, comparable to the risk of smoking. The research used data from the Framingham Heart Study and suggested that biomarkers integrating lifestyle choices could help identify individuals at risk and inform treatment approaches.
Researchers found that HER3 gene mutations can amplify activity of a protein that spurs tumor growth in breast cancer. A new study suggests that targeting this protein may lead to more effective treatments for patients with both HER2 and HER3 mutations.
A new Penn State study found that doubling the amount of corn and broccoli served at a meal increased children's veggie consumption by 68%, or an additional 21 grams. The daily recommended amount for kids is about 1.5 cups, and serving larger portions may help meet this target.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute have published high-resolution images of TRPM5, a taste-sensing molecule that may serve as targets for new medications to control blood sugar in diabetes. The findings also reveal potential applications for low-calorie alternative sweeteners that mimic sugar.
A recent study found that states with higher levels of systemic racism have pronounced racial disparities in healthcare access and quality, benefiting white people more than Black people. The researchers also discovered that Black individuals who experienced provider racism reported lower quality of care.
The spread of infections requires collaboration between biology and physics to understand superspreaders, who account for 80% of transmission. Researchers develop computer models considering family context, work context, and random contexts, highlighting the importance of time in modeling disease behavior.
An international team analysed genomes of over 2,500 humans from 26 populations to understand human adaptation to historical coronavirus outbreaks. They found signs of adaptation in 42 different human genes encoding viral interacting proteins (VIPs), which primarily active in the lungs and interact with coronaviruses.
EULAR taskforce develops guidelines to standardize intra-articular injection (IAT) care, emphasizing patient-centered outcomes and contextual factors. The new recommendations aim to improve IAT quality, providing patients with personalized information and support.
A new project funded by the German Research Foundation is analyzing the coronavirus crisis in India to understand its effects on social policy, regional variations, and local experiences of access to social entitlements. The project aims to capture the dynamism of social perceptions during this period.
A team of researchers identified the design principles for creating large ideal proteins, paving the way for designing proteins with new biochemical functions. They found that while designed proteins are structurally ideal, they lack functional sites due to internal energetic frustration.
Researchers argue that a broader application of neutralizing antibodies could be key to developing an effective HIV vaccine and treatment strategy. The study's findings suggest that higher serum titers of infused therapeutic antibody may provide broad protection against various HIV strains.
A genetic analysis of leopard geckos has identified a cancer gene linked to skin tumors, shedding light on the animals' unique coloration patterns. The study, published in PLOS Genetics, suggests that the geckos' bright colors may be caused by an error in the gene, leading to overproduction of white skin cells and reflective crystals.