Researchers urge the study of collective behavior to rise to a 'crisis discipline' due to its impact on global crises like pandemics and climate change. Social media platforms prioritize engagement over accuracy and sustainability, posing significant threats to public health and ecological stability.
A multidisciplinary team from Brigham and Women's Hospital has designed a stretchable stent based on the principles of kirigami that can support rapid deposition of drug depots. The researchers coated the design with budesonide-loaded polymeric micro-particles to support extended drug delivery, which was tested in the esophagi of pigs.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discover a protein signaling mechanism driving joint and tendon dysfunction in OI, finding that inhibiting this pathway can prevent tendinopathy problems. The study used mouse models with deleted Fkpb10 gene, leading to contracture, joint inflammation, and cartilage piece formation.
Researchers at the University of Cologne discovered a rare tripartite symbiosis between a ciliate, a green alga and a previously unknown purple bacterium. The genome of the purple bacterium is greatly reduced, suggesting it relies on photosynthesis for survival.
A $2.2 million NIH grant will support the development of mitochondrial uncouplers, small molecules that can help burn fat in the liver, potentially treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The research team aims to create effective drugs with a long half-life and test them in animal models simulating NASH.
A team of researchers, led by Sanmay Das from George Mason University, is exploring the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to develop novel methods for allocating scarce housing support to at-risk households. The goal is to improve service system outcomes and prevent homelessness, while ensuring fairness and equity.
A new study by University of Colorado Denver researcher Lisa Forbes found that playful pedagogy increases student engagement and motivation in higher education. Students reported a more meaningful relationship with instructors and improved retention rates when play was introduced into the learning process.
The project aims to increase the number of STEM secondary teaching careers by mentoring and supporting new teachers through their first year and beyond. The researchers will work with Virginia Community College System, Prince William County schools, and Fairfax County schools to recruit, mentor, and retain 35 prospective teachers.
Researchers discovered that hair follicle stem cells play a key role in healing skin blisters, which delays the growth of hair follicles in regenerated skin tissue. This balance between wound healing and development has implications for treating epidermolysis bullosa, pemphigoid diseases and other blistering conditions.
The National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency of Malaysia has granted conditional registration to a new hepatitis C treatment combination developed through public-private partnership. The treatment, ravidasvir, was shown to be effective and well-tolerated in clinical trials, with cure rates of up to 97%.
A study led by the University of Barcelona found increased pollutant concentrations in Franciscana dolphin bone remains, primarily from trace elements such as chromium and copper. The increases are linked to human activities like industrial waste and transportation, which accumulate pollutants in the Rio de la Plata estuary.
Researchers have designed a new type of stent that can deliver drugs directly to the gastrointestinal tract, reducing side effects. The stents use kirigami-inspired etching to temporarily lodge in tubular organs and release drugs over an extended period.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital identified four biologically meaningful subtypes of RSV bronchiolitis, with one subtype linked to a 40% risk of developing asthma by age five. This study provides new insights into the complexity of bronchiolitis and may help improve care for affected children.
The symposium aims to discuss associated risks, policy options, and trends from a scientific point of view. Key experts from Germany, Israel, and the US will share their insights on fake news, hate speech, and conspiracy theories' influence on democratic participation.
Researchers used a new survey method to detect Eastern spadefoots in Rhode Island, finding 42 individuals over 10 nights, contradicting previous assumptions of their rarity. The study also revealed sub-adult frogs were common, and the species' social structure is more complex than previously thought.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck develop new method to assess influence of dielectric materials on charged particles in ion traps, enabling more accurate design and minimization of noise in quantum computers. The breakthrough improves understanding of sources of error in ion trap quantum computing.
A third dose of COVID-19 vaccine significantly increased antibody levels in organ transplant recipients who had a suboptimal response to standard vaccination. The study found that booster doses may be necessary for these patients, similar to hepatitis B and influenza vaccinations.
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed weaknesses in England and Wales' marriage laws, with couples facing uncertainty about their ability to marry. Researchers found that the rules governing marriages struck a balance between legal events and social gatherings, but failed to please anyone.
Researchers at UIC's Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics have discovered a key regulator of gene expression and anhedonia during alcohol withdrawal. Blocking STAT3 activity alleviates withdrawal-induced depression in rats, and similar results are seen in human postmortem hippocampus samples of individuals with alcohol use disorder.
A telemedicine program has improved access to sleep care for rural veterans, with the number of patients seen at VHA TeleSleep locations tripling between 2017 and 2020. The program has also shown significant success in treating obstructive sleep apnea and other sleep disorders.
Researchers at New York University found that deactivating Facebook accounts lowers attitudes toward out-groups, especially in ethnically homogenous areas. This effect was not observed in more mixed environments.
A study on carbon dioxide emissions downstream of the Kariba Dam in Zambia reveals highly variable emissions, influenced by seasonal and hourly changes. Failing to account for these variations could lead to biased estimates of tropical reservoir emissions.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation in FSIP2 protein that affects sperm flagella, leading to infertility. Mice with the mutation had impaired sperm movement, while those overproducing FSIP2 were fertile with longer, faster-swimming sperm.
Researchers developed an interactive web application to analyze connections between human mobility, government policies and COVID-19 cases on a global scale. The app shows the impact of COVID-19 on human movement patterns and informs decision-making for higher-level policies.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara and Regenerative Patch Technologies have developed a new cryopreservation method for stem cell-based therapy for age-related macular degeneration. The method allows for long-term storage and distribution of the implant, extending shelf life and increasing accessibility to patients.
Researchers investigated bacterial persistence in the human gut microbiome, identifying three dispersal strategies and finding that most strains are highly persistent. The study's results will inform targeted probiotic and treatment approaches to maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) has announced 17 new Fellows, recognizing their outstanding contributions to the field. The newly elected Fellows include experts who have demonstrated excellence in scientific discovery, educational efforts, and clinical practice.
Researchers found that warmer, more acidic water accelerated the development of Atlantic mangrove fiddler crab embryos but increased mortality rates. The study warns of potential ecosystem consequences if climate change alters the lifecycle of these species.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that surgery should precede chemotherapy for certain patients with ovarian cancer. The research used a mathematical model to examine treatment outcomes and found that complete debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy provides better results. For patient...
Two studies find that a plant-based diet protects rats from hypertension and preeclampsia, even when exposed to high-salt diets. The researchers believe that dietary alterations can shift the gut microbiota, reducing disease incidence.
University of Washington researchers develop a deep learning method to animate flowing materials in a single photo, creating seamless looping videos. The technique uses predicted motion and combines it with symmetry to create believable animations.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University created millimetre-sized robots that can be controlled using magnetic fields to perform highly manoeuvrable manipulations. These robots improve on existing small-scale robots by optimizing their ability to move in six degrees-of-freedom, and can rotate 43 times faster than previous devices.
A study estimates excess mortality rates among US assisted living residents during the pandemic, finding increased mortality rates consistent with those observed in nursing homes. The results highlight the need for improved care and support measures for vulnerable populations.
A new study from Lund University in Sweden finds that universal school lunch programs have positive effects on students' height, health, education, and lifetime income. The program introduced free nutritious meals to all primary school students, resulting in a three percent higher lifetime income for participants.
Researchers develop parallel optical-soliton reactors to study multi-soliton dynamics, unveiling statistical rules that resemble classic chemical kinetics. The system enables on-demand synthesis and dissociation of soliton molecules, promoting a collective-level insight into soliton dynamics.
Researchers at Niigata University have developed a highly efficient nickel sulfide nanowire anode for electrocatalytic water splitting, which reduces the initial energy required for oxygen evolution and accelerates four-electron transfer. This breakthrough enhances long-term performance and stability of electrochemical cells.
Research finds that foxes selectively bred for tameness and aggressiveness display similar brain changes to regions in the prefrontal cortex. This contradicts previous studies which found shrinking brain sizes in domesticated species.
A new study from the University of Florida finds that mosquitoes can adjust to rapid changes in temperature, indicating they may become active year-round. The research suggests that as climate change makes winters warmer, mosquitoes in temperate regions will be well-prepared to be active during those times.
A recent study examines differences in suicidal thoughts and nonfatal suicide attempts among US adolescents over the last three decades. The research highlights varying rates of suicidal ideation and behavior across different racial and ethnic groups.
Research highlights the connection between discrimination and altered gut microbiomes, which can impact metabolic and immune functions. The study's authors emphasize the need for further investigation into the relationship between the human gut microbiome and health inequities.
A convolutional neural network-based algorithm predicts tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) colorectal cancer response to immunotherapy. The model uses histopathological characteristics, particularly tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, from hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.
A new study from Aalto University suggests that green infrastructure can play a significant role in reducing urban carbon footprints. The research identified key considerations for creating standards for products used in green spaces, with the aim of helping cities reach carbon neutrality.
The Milky Way's galactic bar has slowed down its spin by at least 24% since its formation, according to a study published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Dark matter acts as a counterweight slowing the spin.
A Cornell University-led study reveals that birds can use turbulence to their advantage, offering a potential boost to the aerospace industry. The research found that birds' accelerations are highly irregular and fluctuating, similar to particles in turbulent airflows, allowing them to harness energy from wind speed.
A study of nearly 550 adults with IDD found that age, larger residential settings, Down syndrome, and chronic kidney disease were the most common risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis. Heart disease was most associated with COVID-19 deaths. The study highlights the need for increased funding for IDD services to ensure better health outco...
Researchers analyzed 20 years of fire reconstructions and US government records to show a significant increase in burnt area since 1984. High-elevation subalpine forests are experiencing record-high wildfire activity, accounting for 72% of total burnt area since 1984.
Groundwater extraction in Iran has declined by an average of 18% due to physical limits, while deep well extraction has increased, leading to further depletion. The study reveals widespread aquifer depletion and salinization across all 30 sub-basins, posing significant risks to the country's water resources.
Researchers developed a non-contact laser imaging system that can detect telltale signs of major blinding diseases in retinal blood and tissue, allowing for earlier diagnosis and management. The technology, known as photoacoustic remote sensing, improves patient comfort and test accuracy.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have identified a new species of large prehistoric crocodile in south-east Queensland's waterways, estimated to be around seven metres in length. The ancient creature, named Gunggamarandu maunala, belonged to a group of tomistomines and lived between two and five million years ago.
When E. coli bacteria starve, their cytoplasm shrinks, concentrating nutrients, while the periplasm increases in volume as the inner membrane pulls away from the outer membrane. This reversible adaptation may help them survive until they find their next nutrient source.
Researchers developed a super-resolution technique that harnesses unwanted head motion to enhance brain PET image resolution. This method shows promise in detecting neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease at their earliest stages, enabling quicker diagnosis and treatment.
Research reveals minor microbes, like fungi and environmental bacteria, play crucial roles in maintaining bee gut health. These forgotten microbes produce antibiotics, break down toxins, and metabolize nutrients, helping bees resist pathogens and climate change.
Researchers found significant correlations between brain capillary curvature and neurite thickness radius in schizophrenia patients, but not between capillary diameter and neurite thickness. The study suggests neurovascular abnormalities contribute to schizophrenia.
A study by National University of Ireland Galway found that nearly half of adults with diabetes attending a dedicated clinic have signs of established chronic kidney disease. The research suggests that careful medical management is not enough to prevent the development of kidney disease in people with diabetes.
Researchers developed a new dosage form, amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), to increase drug bioavailability. The study showed that ASD increased efavirenz absorption by up to 16.7 times, making it a promising solution for improving medication efficacy.
For the first time, scientists have created a 3D map of the heliosphere boundary using data from NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) satellite. The boundary marks the edge of the solar system and protects Earth from interstellar radiation.
Researchers developed a new PET/CT radiotracer that targets activated fibroblasts in lungs, enabling direct imaging of pulmonary fibrosis. The study showed promising results, suggesting the radiotracer's potential to reduce lung biopsies and improve disease management.
Researchers at UNIST developed mechanically closable nanotrenches to switch optical functionalities in a repeatable manner. These findings enable nonlinear switching of metamaterial multifunctionalities with applications in various fields including 6G communication frequency control.
A recent survey study found a significant association between COVID-19 and self-reported symptoms of depression among adults. The study compared features of major depression in people with or without prior COVID-19 illness.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a new way to design grafts that decreases the risk of clotting in hemodialysis patients. By tailoring the angle of connection between the graft and vein, surgeons can reduce thrombosis rates substantially.