A study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers found strong associations between doctors' financial conflicts of interest and the party that hired them when classifying X-rays. The findings suggest a systemic problem with bias among doctors who review chest X-ray images for coal miner's black lung claims.
Stretching shape-memory polymers with clusters of gold nanoparticles alters their optical properties, enabling the tracking of thermal history. The material's shape can be recovered by measuring changes in its optical properties, making it a potential sensor for monitoring temperature and ensuring material quality.
A new study from the University of Arizona Department of Surgery found that pancreatic cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy followed by resection live an average of 19.75 months, compared to 10.12 months for those who received only chemotherapy. The researchers suggest that surgery can improve survival even in difficult cases.
Researchers developed a highly linear flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity using soft micropillared electrodes, achieving linearity of up to 0.999 and sensitivity of 33.16 kPa-1 over a wide pressure range. The sensor has applications in intelligent robots, human-computer interaction, and health monitoring.
A new study reveals that patients with newly diagnosed incurable cancer experience significant physical and emotional distress, including anxiety and depression. Comprehensive palliative care services are essential to address these needs and improve quality of life for patients.
The study found that telehealth use surged across surgical specialties in response to the pandemic, highlighting its potential as a tool for sustaining surgical care. The analysis of insurance claims data revealed significant increases in virtual consultations and procedures.
Researchers have developed an AI system to analyze DNA-sequenced mesotheliomas, revealing similar evolutionary paths that predict aggressiveness and possible therapy. This breakthrough could lead to improved patient outcomes for those with this aggressive form of cancer.
Researchers developed a human model of Leigh syndrome caused by SURF1 mutations, discovering that energy deficits in neural precursors lead to neuronal defects and brain function impairment. This breakthrough provides potential therapeutic strategies, including gene replacement therapy and the use of Bezafibrate, for treating children ...
The Cultural Landscapes Scanner pilot project uses AI to analyze satellite images and detect hidden archaeological sites. Researchers aim to improve detection of cultural heritage sites at risk of looting.
Researchers found a correlation between Henry Ford's universal mask policy and a significant drop in the rate of healthcare workers testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests that mask-wearing is effective in reducing the risk of acquiring COVID-19, supporting the institution's decision to implement the policy.
The UPMC/Pitt team established a largest and most equitable distribution network for COVID-19 monoclonal antibody infusions across Pennsylvania. The treatment reduced likelihood of hospitalization and death in UPMC patients who received it, especially when administered soon after infection.
Researchers at MIT have discovered three ways bubbles form and release from porous electrodes, which can be controlled by adjusting surface treatment. The team found that the wettability of the surface is crucial in determining bubble formation, allowing for precise control over system performance.
Researchers measured brain activity in first-time Japanese language students and found initial boosts followed by reductions as skills improved. Brain regions such as the grammar center, comprehension area, and auditory processing areas showed increased activation during early stages.
Researchers used an FDA-approved cancer drug to blunt the effects of a toxic COVID-19 viral protein on human cells. The study found that the drug improved cell survival by 12% and restored damaged cellular functions.
A recent study from Cornell and Tufts universities reveals that water scarcity is a globally connected phenomenon, with local conditions having reverberations across the globe. The research found that global trade dynamics and market adaptations to regional water scarcity result in positive and negative economic outcomes for every regi...
A research project led by Professor Jason Roach at the University of Huddersfield is investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of police officers. The study aims to identify both negative and positive factors affecting their wellbeing, as well as coping strategies used during the pandemic.
Researchers studied stress signals in skeletal muscle and found they prevent misfolded protein aggregates in the brain and retina. Tailoring this signaling may help combat neurodegenerative conditions like age-related dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
A global summary of species functions revealed that more than half of species perform less than 20% of the group's functions, with only a few species performing unique roles. This study highlights the importance of conserving functionally unique species to maintain ecosystem services and human well-being.
Research highlights the importance of understanding social factors in preventing knee injuries among girls and women. The study suggests that gendered experiences and environmental influences play a significant role in shaping injury outcomes. Experts urge attention to these topics to improve prevention and management strategies.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has produced a key radioisotope, actinium-225 nitrate, for pharmaceutical companies developing new cancer treatments. ORNL's production of Ac-225 enables the support of applications without disclosing proprietary information, fulfilling FDA requirements.
The study reveals that fundamental processes during perovskite film formation strongly impact reproducibility, and optimizing the antisolvent step can significantly widen the processibility window of perovskite photovoltaic devices.
Researchers have discovered two new species of South American screech owls, the Xingu Screech Owl and the Alagoas Screech Owl, through a comprehensive study analyzing morphological, vocal, and genetic variation. The study also highlights the threat of deforestation to these species.
Simonetta Sipione's research aims to clarify the therapeutic role of gangliosides in the brain, which help brain cells communicate with each other and the environment. The project seeks to develop a viable treatment that tackles the root cause of neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington's and Parkinson's.
The University of Ottawa has been awarded $9 million to create a national network for tracking COVID-19 variants. The Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network (CoVaRR-Net) will enable real-time assessment of the immune response to virus variants and their resistance to existing vaccines.
A new research study has demonstrated that a magnetic uranium compound can have strong thermoelectric properties, generating up to four times the transverse voltage from heat as previous records. This discovery unlocks a new potential for the actinide elements and points to a fresh direction in research on topological quantum materials.
Researchers from the University of Turku found that hypnosis shifts brain regions into a less synchronized state, allowing for more independent action. This finding provides new insights into how hypnosis modifies neural processing and may explain its effects on behavior and perception.
Research reveals associations between circulating tumor cell (CTC) mutations and clinical outcomes in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The study identified novel genetic alterations linked to response to AR inhibitors, including gains of ATM, NCOR2, and HSD17B4, which were associated with sensitivity to treatment.
The study confirms Basques' genetic uniqueness is the result of continuous isolation and scarce gene flow since the Iron Age. The language barrier promoted population separation from subsequent interactions.
Researchers develop a thermally stable atomically dispersed Ir/MoC catalyst with an unusually high metal loading of 4 wt%, exhibiting remarkable reactivity, selectivity, and stability. The catalyst achieves high metal-normalized activity and mass-specific activity through the presence of isolated Ir atoms.
The British Academy has awarded a prestigious grant to the University of Huddersfield's 'Back Chat' project, which explores the impacts of pandemic policies on children's lives. The project aims to give voice to disadvantaged children through arts-based methods and visually chronicle their experiences using digital art.
Researchers at Kyoto University's iCeMS have identified a nuclear protein fragment that activates a lipid-scrambling protein to display an 'eat-me' signal on cell surfaces, alerting phagocytes to eliminate unwanted cells. This discovery sheds light on the complex process of cell death and its importance for maintaining tissue health.
Researchers analyzed data from 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to link MRSA carriage with mortality risk. The study found that middle-aged and older adults who unknowingly carry MRSA on their skin have twice the mortality rate of those without the bacteria, highlighting the need for routine screening.
A newly published IAEA report outlines the benefits of wireless technology in nuclear power plants, enabling safe remote monitoring and reducing risks. Wireless devices act as sensors to monitor process conditions, preventing potential accidents and promoting reliable operation.
Researchers found that urban agriculture alone cannot meet the nutritional needs of a city's population due to limited crop yields and nutrient deficiencies. However, with fortification or supplementation, urban agriculture can contribute significantly to meeting food demand.
Researchers at UBC found that a therapeutic bed called Calmer can help maintain steady brain oxygen levels in preterm babies during medical procedures. This is particularly relevant for infants whose brains are vulnerable to pain and stress.
A new peer-reviewed study by Environmental Working Group found that the preservative tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) may harm the immune system, as shown in animal tests and high-throughput in vitro toxicology testing. The FDA should test all food chemicals for safety, according to the study's lead author.
Researchers discover that filters used in solar storm detectors are losing their ability due to another stowaway from Earth, not just carbonization. This issue affects satellite data quality and reliability, sparking efforts to create more accurate space weather forecasts.
Studies found that disrupting interaction between p53 and Mdm2 in tumor cells is less effective than thought, as it can impair immune cell function. New compound APG115 showed promise in boosting T cell activity against cancer, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach.
A soft robotic dragonfly, called DraBot, uses microarchitectures and self-healing hydrogels to detect changes in pH, temperature, and oil levels. This proof-of-concept demonstration could lead to the development of autonomous environmental sentinels for monitoring environmental disruptions.
Researchers propose that plants evolved for long-distance seed dispersal and rapid growth as adaptations for megafaunal mutualisms. These traits allowed them to thrive in human-dominated landscapes, contributing to the global dominance of certain plant families. The study suggests that exaptation traits played a key role in the domesti...
The INRS project aims to improve access to safe drinking water for rural communities along the Ikopa River in Madagascar. The study will assess the risks of well water contamination and propose solutions to address frequent floods that contaminate underground and surface drinking water sources.
Researchers have developed a new class of versatile, high-performance quantum dots that emit single photons in the near-infrared range at room temperature. These breakthroughs open up practical applications in quantum communication, medical imaging, and diagnostics.
Researchers successfully produced an artificial lung model with a three-layer structure of about 10 micrometers thickness using inkjet bioprinting. The model replicated the physiological response to viral infectivity and antiviral response, enabling mass production and quality control for disease models.
A new study reveals that energy models play a significant role in shaping the energy transition, influencing policy decisions and informing energy futures. Policymakers are increasingly relying on modeling outputs to define energy and climate targets, while researchers demand greater transparency to protect model credibility.
Researchers at Monash University have identified a novel T cell lineage, γμ T cells, which use a unique antibody-like structure to recognize pathogens. This discovery expands the immunology 'toolbox' and may lead to new approaches for fighting viral infections such as COVID-19.
Researchers have developed a way to harvest energy from radio waves to power wearable devices, offering a sustainable and continuous energy source. The system consists of stretchable metal antennas that convert ambient radio waves into electricity, which can be used to power health-monitoring sensors.
A recent study by McGill University researchers has mapped gene signatures to functional processes across the human brain, revealing key insights into cognitive and affective processes. The findings suggest that specific genetic signals are linked to attention and memory, while others are associated with emotions and fear.
A study by researchers at Warwick Medical School reveals that decidual precursor cells play a critical role in pregnancy and their depletion may lead to recurrent pregnancy loss. The study suggests that these cells can be harnessed to prevent pregnancy disorders, offering new hope for women struggling with miscarriage.
Researchers found that octopuses alternate between an 'active sleep' stage and a 'quiet sleep' stage, characterized by dynamic color changes and muscular twitches. The findings suggest that octopuses may experience something akin to dreams during the 'active sleep' state.
A team of biologists found that human pelvis sex differences are similar to those in chimpanzees, suggesting an ancient origin. The magnitude of these differences is only half as large in chimpanzees, indicating that modern humans inherited this pattern from earlier mammals.
Researchers recommend a risk-based algorithm that maximizes cancer detection by considering clinical indication, breast symptoms, and age. The approach successfully detects high-risk individuals, accounting for 55% of cancers despite limited mammograms.
Scientists reconstructed fluctuations in ocean chemistry by analyzing strontium isotope ratios, which provide information about geochemical processes. The study found that seawater strontium concentration has changed considerably over the past 35 million years and still changes today.
Public health officials may dismiss vaccine hesitant individuals as anti-science, further stigmatizing them. The authors suggest delivering messages about vaccines in an empathetic way to address concerns and reassure people.
A new study published in Nature Climate Change found that warm river habitats provide pulses of growth potential during the spring and fall shoulder seasons, fueling fish energy to travel to cooler parts. This challenges conventional conservation strategies that prioritize cold-water habitats alone.
A UCLA team has been awarded two grants totaling $6 million to identify new ways to treat pancreatic cancer. The research aims to untangle the complexities of the disease and develop effective immunotherapeutic approaches.
Scientists predict ocean currents on Enceladus, driven by salinity variations like those in Earth's Southern Ocean. The research suggests a pole-to-equator circulation influencing heat and nutrient distribution.
Chemists have developed a method to synthesize complex, three-dimensional molecules using light energy transfer, expanding the range of molecules for new drug development. The novel approach uses commercially available starting materials and demonstrates broad applicability.
A study found that newly abstinent opioid users resist carrying naloxone, even if it can save their lives. Researchers suggest reframing the meaning of carrying naloxone to represent a commitment to group safety and wellbeing. They propose re-targeting naloxone distribution efforts to include persons at any phase of their drug use.
Researchers have discovered 12 genetic regions linked to lacunar strokes, which can lead to long-term disability and dementia. The study provides new hope for preventing and treating this devastating type of stroke.
A study published in International Journal of Molecular Sciences suggests a link between corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and increased expression of mast cells in the nasal cavity, exacerbating allergic reactions. The research offers promising therapeutic potential with CRHR1 inhibitors and SCF neutralizing antibodies.