Researchers have confirmed the safety of an anti-inflammatory peptide, TnP, which shows promise in treating chronic inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis. The peptide has been tested in zebrafish and shown to be non-toxic, crossing the blood-brain barrier without causing neurological problems.
A new study found that 1 in 7 people with dementia are taking at least three brain and nervous system medications, which can accelerate memory loss and increase the risk of falls, overdoses, and death. Regular prescription drug reviews could help spot risky combinations.
Researchers found that portable HEPA air purifiers can significantly reduce in-air aerosols and spread of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting optimal placement directly in front of the person or instrument expelling aerosols. A ventilation rate of 288 cubic meters per hour is recommended for each person within the room.
Researchers discovered that metastatic cancer cells use adhesion and contractility to move away from stiffer tissue, defying the typical durotaxis process. By modulating cell contractility, they can change their ability to migrate in response to environmental stiffness.
Physicists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have combined two quantum sensing techniques to analyze a sample, enabling the mapping of magnetic fields and magnetization. The technique uses diamond color centers in diamond probes to provide a sensitivity that opens up new measurement options.
Researchers found that people who frequently engage in 'persuasive bullshitting' are actually poor at identifying it, making them more susceptible to fake news headlines. This frequent BSers mistake superficial profoundness for actual profundeness.
A team from Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation developed soft pressure sensors using OECTs and ionic hydrogels, enabling high sensitivity and low power consumption. This advancement facilitates long-term monitoring of patients with real-time data collection.
Researchers from Tohoku University created a tin monosulfide solar cell with attractive performance levels, overcoming manufacturing complexities. The p-n homojunction design achieved comparable open circuit voltage as previously reported heterojunction devices.
Researchers have successfully grown a lifelike piece of bone tissue from human stem cells, providing unprecedented understanding of the complex process of bone formation. The new organoid contains two types of cells that are essential for successful bone development and offers promising possibilities for personalized medicine.
Researchers have created a new type of 2D material, called a van der Waals heterostructure, which can be rolled up into a thin cylinder. This unique structure holds promise for miniaturized electronics, such as diodes and other devices. The discovery was made by a team of Penn State and University of Tokyo researchers.
Researchers developed injectable porous scaffolds that facilitate faster and better spinal cord healing by mimicking natural tissue. The highly regular pore structure improved cell infiltration, gene delivery, and tissue repair after spinal cord injury.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered a new organelle involved in cancer metastasis, which was found through the study of liquid-liquid phase separations. The newly identified organelle plays a key role in regulating the Wnt signaling pathway and is essential for the progression and spread of cancer.
Researchers conducted a randomized intervention that improved continuity of care and interprofessional collaboration between lung cancer patients and their family physicians. The bidirectional exchange of patient information and care summaries led to enhanced patient and family physician perceptions of care, resulting in better outcomes.
The University of Melbourne is establishing a Contemplative Studies Centre, led by Dr Nicholas Van Dam, with a focus on evidence-based research and guidelines for contemplative practices. The centre aims to bring together experts from around the world to critically assess practices and provide authentic experiences.
A new study using genetic techniques found that both large and small fish play a crucial role in sustaining fisheries. The researchers discovered that older fish are more fertile and contribute significantly to replenishing populations.
Researchers have discovered genes in peach's wild relatives that enable them to withstand stressful conditions, including cold, drought, and ultraviolet radiation. These genetic adaptations could help improve the resilience of domesticated peaches, making them better equipped to cope with climate change.
Using numerical modeling of cough droplets' diffusion produced by coughs, researchers in Italy explore deactivating COVID-19 virus particles via UV-C light. They found that 1 meter of social distancing is not completely safe to avoid virus transmission, while 2 meters can reduce the risk by about 50%.
Researchers from NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have developed a human cerebral organoid model to screen drugs for potential treatment of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, a fatal neurodegenerative brain disease. The model has shown promise in reducing disease indicators by 10-fold without causing tissue death.
A new modeling study examines the impact of one versus two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine on infections and immune escape. The study finds that while one-dose strategies may reduce short-term infections, weak immunity could lead to long-term virus replication and mutation.
A new study has identified pantaphos as the molecule responsible for causing onion center rot. The researchers also discovered that pantaphos can act as an effective herbicide and is toxic to glioblastoma cells, making it a promising candidate for agricultural and biomedical applications.
A new electrochemical procedure produces sulfonamides rapidly and inexpensively using cheaper starting materials, electrical current, and safe solvents. The process eliminates three reaction stages, making it scalable and cost-effective.
Researchers found that only a few patients carried many variants of the virus, which were often lost at transmission, but some initiated ongoing transmission and wider dissemination. Continued monitoring is necessary to understand viral adaptation and patterns of spread.
A study published in BioRisk reveals that citizen scientists have significantly improved knowledge of the non-native Asian bamboo longhorn beetle in Europe. The researchers, led by University of Hamburg, collected data from citizen science platforms and confirmed 13 new introductions of the species in Europe, a 42% increase in records.
A new study found that women spent more time on unpaid housework and childcare during the COVID-19 lockdown, while men reduced their working hours. Women reported higher levels of psychological distress, particularly among lone mothers.
A recent study published in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering found that high signal heterogeneity from different retinal ganglion cells is essential for efficient transmission of visual information. The research team discovered that certain types of retinal ganglion cells respond similarly to electric ...
A mobile app designed to help women manage urinary incontinence was found to be equally effective as usual, in-person treatment. After four months, both groups experienced a decline in symptom severity, less frequent leakage, and improved quality of life.
Research shows that airborne pollen can account for 44% of variation in Covid-19 infection rates, with humidity and air temperature also playing a role. High pollen concentrations weaken immune response to viruses, leading to increased respiratory illnesses.
A long-term collaboration between scientists and citizen volunteers has documented nitrogen pollution's effects on marine life in Buzzards Bay. The data has informed policies to improve Bay health, with a focus on upgrading wastewater treatment plants.
A comprehensive meta-analysis found that digital picture books outperform print counterparts when featuring story-related enhancements, but hinder comprehension when lacking such features. The study highlights the need for high-quality digital books to support all children's learning.
Research on opioid use among Black people is scarce due to historical exclusion and underrepresentation. The review identifies key disparities in overdose risk, treatment access, and prescription opioid use, emphasizing the importance of culturally informed care.
Researchers discovered that green sulfur bacteria exploit quantum mechanics to move energy between pathways depending on oxygen presence. This phenomenon, vibronic mixing, helps the bacterium conserve energy while avoiding damage from oxygen.
A new policy agenda calls for creative solutions like government-owned housing stock and in-house talent to tackle issues like affordable housing, employment, transportation, and climate change. Grassroots movements are also driving change, with a focus on who benefits from urban policies.
A University of South Florida Health study uncovers a novel mechanism by which maternal stress triggers idiopathic preterm birth. Elevated FKBP51 levels and enhanced progesterone receptor binding stimulate labor, while Fkbp5-deficient mice are resistant to preterm birth.
A study published in Nature Communications found that regenerating tropical forests in Malaysian Borneo continued to grow despite high temperatures and water demand, but with limitations due to fragmentation and climate change. The researchers suggest wider buffers around riparian reserves to support forest growth and recovery.
The summit aims to discuss how individual behaviour and organisational norms can be changed to slow down the development of antimicrobial resistance. Key findings include the need for strong political leadership and communication strategies to address misconceptions about antimicrobial resistance.
Scientists have developed a tool to monitor brain communications, offering an explanation for why Alzheimer's drugs are ineffective. The new method has broad applicability across neurological and psychiatric diseases, facilitating the development of new treatments and personalized medicine.
A new paper in PLOS Biology proposes solutions to retain mothers in science during and after the pandemic. The authors emphasize the need to rethink tenure extensions and address financial inequities, as well as treat researchers as whole people, not just their professional roles.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed a new AI system that can track individual heartbeats using smart speakers. The system sends inaudible sounds and uses machine learning to identify signals from both regular and irregular heartbeats, achieving accuracy comparable to standard heartbeat monitors.
Researchers propose a novel architecture, Med-BDA, to analyze healthcare big data, enabling real-time predictions and better patient treatments. The new approach uses Apache Spark technology to tackle complex data analysis challenges.
Researchers developed a new method to detect circulating tumor cells in NSCLC patients, identifying a CK-negative CTC population associated with metastasis and drug resistance. The use of hexokinase-2 as a biomarker revealed this novel CTC population in 50% of analyzed patients.
The university will focus on breakthroughs in automated driving, robotics, and machine-assisted cognition with a total of $2.2M in funding over three years. Researchers will develop a standardized testbed and protocol for testing autonomous vehicles and create robots to assist older adults age in place.
A new multicenter study published in Journal of Hospital Medicine found significant reductions in pediatric emergency visits and hospitalizations for common illnesses like asthma and pneumonia. The trend is attributed to public health measures such as masking, social distancing, and handwashing instituted during the pandemic.
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University has developed a novel material produced by bacteria that can effectively separate water from oil. The material consists of cellulose nano-fibers created by the bacteria Gluconacetobacter hansenii, which are then used to filter out the oil from an oily mixture.
Researchers found that beta-cyclocitral produced by plants after herbivore attack increases defense responses and inhibits the production of metabolites for growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. This volatile signal opens up new possibilities for developing herbicides or antimicrobial agents that block the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway.
A Purdue University team has created a cloud-based platform that helps manufacturers track material flows and supply network demand to optimize processes and reduce waste. The platform uses mechanistic models to update network structures for industrial interactions, enabling more accurate and reliable resource flow mapping.
Scientists successfully applied novel approach to imaging gas-phased molecule Carbonyl Sulfide, revealing a significantly bent and asymmetrically stretched configuration of the ionized OCS+ structure. The ZCP-LIED technique retrieves accurate and precise information about atomic structure without exact knowledge over the laser field.
A new study implicates a type of immune cell in the development of chronic lung disease following viral infection. Measuring dendritic cells may help doctors identify high-risk patients.
Researchers found that treating apple flowers with specific bacteria strains reduced fire blight symptoms, altering floral microbiomes and disease rates. The study suggests that flowers may be a key site for biocontrol interventions, offering a new approach to managing this damaging disease.
Researchers are using llama antibodies to design treatments and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The unique nanobodies produced by llamas can bind to areas of viral proteins that larger antibodies cannot fit into, blocking those proteins from connecting with cells.
A new marker of testicular cell capacity identified as a promising biological marker, INSL3, shows suppressed levels in former steroid users compared to never-users. Long-lasting impaired gonadal capacity found in previous anabolic steroid users, increasing risk of hypogonadism later in life.
Colorado State University researchers are part of a NASA team analyzing air quality and health data. The project aims to create a dataset identifying pollutant concentrations across the US from 2006 to present, facilitating studies connecting air quality to health outcomes.
Experts recommend shared decision-making between patients and doctors before low-dose CT scans for lung cancer screening to ensure informed consent. The process can promote patient engagement, tobacco cessation, and screening adherence, leading to greater health equity.
A Princeton University and McGill University study found that delaying second COVID-19 vaccine doses reduces case numbers in the short term. However, longer-term case burden and potential viral escape from immunity may depend on the strength and duration of immune responses generated by natural infections or one to two vaccine doses.
Researchers developed a digital self-test to improve students' ability to assess news items, images and videos critically. The tool, part of the News Evaluator project, was tested with over 200 students and showed positive results.
A study suggests that maternal stress and social isolation during the pandemic can have toxic inflammatory effects on mothers and infants. The research highlights the need for immediate action to understand the impact of the pandemic on this vulnerable population.
A new study by University of Miami researchers found that mahi-mahi typically spawn at night, primarily during a new moon, at depths greater than they normally would. This knowledge can help manage the valuable fish population and understand the impacts of climate change on their reproduction.
Researchers have identified a small molecule produced by bioluminescent bacteria that plays a key role in establishing the symbiosis between the squid and its light organ. The molecule, cHP-3, is produced during colonization and influences bacterial luminescence, suggesting an important chemical signal specific to this symbiosis.
US teens and young adults are knowledgeable about COVID-19 and concerned about its impacts on others. By March 20, 2020, nearly all respondents reported the pandemic's impact and increased worry from 25% to 51%
The use of primary care big data in understanding COVID-19 pharmacoepidemiology can help inform patient care and policy decisions. By analyzing interactions between medications and COVID-19 outcomes, researchers can identify potential treatments to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers detect molecular changes in infected human cells and bacterial pathogen, revealing new insights into infectious disease mechanisms. The findings may lead to novel methods for combatting invasive pathogens during spaceflight and on Earth.
An international study found that decreased physical activity during the pandemic was linked to poorer physical and mental health, including perceptions of weight gain and decreased sleep. Increased physical activity was associated with better physical health and wellbeing.
Scientists develop patented RNA-based therapy to degrade overexpressed PMP22 protein, restoring nerve function and strength in mice. The treatment uses biocompatible siRNA nanoparticles and controls particle size and injection amount.
A wearable microgrid developed by UC San Diego engineers powers small electronics using sweat-powered biofuel cells, motion-powered triboelectric generators, and energy-storing supercapacitors. The system can power devices quickly and continuously, lasting three times longer than traditional triboelectric generators alone.
Researchers successfully connected two crucial equations, bridging relativity and quantum mechanics. Prof. Chen's work introduces bold ideas to solve previously unsolved equations.
A study published in Genome Biology found that small changes in RNA due to RNA editing can have large effects on gene expression and phenotype. The researchers identified 3,117 unique RNA editing events associated with genetic variation, including those linked to complex traits or diseases.
A new study from Michigan State University suggests that Midwest corn farmers may not need to rely on more water due to climate change. Instead, adapting through regenerative soil practices and technology can make crops more resilient and adaptable to changing weather patterns.
The Baylor prognostic scoring system has been externally validated in a separate group of patients presenting with gunshot wounds to the head, showing excellent discrimination of mortality and good functional outcome. Despite some limitations, the score remains a simple yet useful tool for predicting survival and long-term outcomes.
Research-intensive nursing PhD programs need innovative approaches to attract, retain, and create the next generation of nurse scientists. Curricular changes, mentoring, funding, and networking supports are crucial to prepare them for academia and beyond.
A global analysis reveals that breaking Rossby waves and intense moisture transport are two interconnected processes driving large-scale extreme precipitation events globally. These processes, especially in dry subtropical regions, can cause devastating catastrophic flooding and loss of life.
A unique curved barrier design deflects pollution away from pedestrians and back onto the road, improving air quality in an inexpensive manner. The researchers also found that these barriers can mitigate noise pollution and increase green infrastructure.
USU researchers developed a three-dimensional cell culture surface using silkworm silk to grow skeletal muscle cells, outperforming traditional methods. Cells grown on silkworm silk showed increased mechanical flexibility and proper muscle fiber alignment, mimicking human skeletal muscle more closely.
A team of researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that genes on the X chromosome in male fruit fly germ cells are not subject to dosage compensation, unlike other cells. The absence of this process may affect sex determination in Drosophila PGCs.
A new study found that poor oral hygiene within 24-72 hours can lead to a steep decrease in good oral bacteria and an increase in bad bacteria associated with periodontitis. The researchers also discovered a sudden aging of the bacteria's microbiome, equivalent to about a year in less than a month.
A new study finds that the high cost of antiparasitic drugs used to treat hookworm and other soil-transmitted parasites is driving up patient costs and decreasing the quality of care. In rural areas, these diseases are more prevalent, and patients often receive inadequate treatment.
Researchers found that 66% of learning gains made by Ghanaian children during the academic year are lost during three months of school closure. Children without home learning resources experience significantly higher losses, while community-based programs can mitigate these effects.
A new study by Concordia researchers István Tóth-Király and Alexandre Morin found that adolescent problematic internet use is associated with increased depressive symptoms, substance abuse, and lower academic achievement. The study identified three key determinants of PIU: loneliness, parenting practices, and gender.
A systematic review recommends behavioral self-management treatments for common urinary issues in older men, reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. Researchers also found that mobile apps can be as effective as usual treatment for women with urinary incontinence in primary care.
Researchers have developed a lower-dose radiopharmaceutical that improves treatment efficacy for neuroendocrine cancers while reducing side effects. The new medication uses reversible binding technology to extend its half-life in the blood, providing an extended therapeutic time window and improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers are using Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies to explore genetic underpinnings of susceptibility to environmental toxicants and develop precision toxicology. The study aims to identify molecular key event biomarkers in non-mammalian models that predict adverse health outcomes.
A study found that family members of patients following the Mediterranean diet-based PREDIMED-Plus program experienced significant weight loss, averaging almost 4 kg over two years. Improved dietary habits were also observed, with family members showing increased commitment to the Mediterranean diet.
The Penn Integrated Care program, developed by the University of Pennsylvania, provides a resource center and collaborative care services to increase access to mental health professionals. This model has shown promising results, achieving remission in symptoms for nearly 40% of patients with anxiety and 33% of those with depression.
A new study found that tropical cyclone exposure is associated with a significant rise in hospitalizations among older adults, with a 14% average increase in respiratory diseases and a 4% rise in infectious diseases. Hospitalizations from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) surged 45% following exposure.
Researchers found that animals learn to recognize nonsense words with a natural prosodic contour, but struggle with flat contours. This suggests that general principles of language evolution are inherited from other species.
A new UCF study found that Chinese adults seldom ask about cancer screenings despite family history or caregiver roles. Age was a factor, with older participants being reluctant to discuss screenings due to traditional culture.
Researchers at TU Wien found that thin hBN layers cause excessive leakage currents in miniaturised transistors, making it unsuitable as a gate insulator. The study suggests a need to search for alternative insulator materials to revolutionize the semiconductor industry.
A recent study found that partisan politics, religious fundamentalism, and economic threat affect local decisions about the death penalty. The study also discovered that the size of African American populations was not directly associated with the decline in death penalty use since the 1990s.
The PrecisionTox project aims to develop a new approach to chemical safety management using genetics, genomics, and non-sentient organisms. By avoiding animal testing, the consortium hopes to accelerate discoveries and improve the regulation of harmful chemicals.
Researchers developed a tumor-penetrating peptide that can deliver chemotherapy drugs deep into pancreatic cancer tumors, increasing effectiveness and reducing metastasis. The therapy showed promising results in animal models, with significant increases in survival and reductions in cancer spread.
A study using real-world data from employees at Mass General Brigham found that the incidence of anaphylaxis was higher than CDC estimates, but still extremely low. The majority of cases recovered without serious complications.
A recent study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at a significantly increased risk of contracting COVID-19. The research, conducted by the University of Birmingham, revealed a 51% increased risk of infection in PCOS patients compared to their non-PCOS counterparts.
A phase 2 trial led by La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) shows a promising combination therapeutic candidate for adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. The treatment combines anti-IL-21 antibody with liraglutide and has been found to increase endogenous insulin secretion without safety concerns.
A new poll by Michigan Medicine shows a significant increase in COVID-19 vaccination enthusiasm among older adults with high risk of severe illness. By late January, 71% of people aged 50-70 were ready to get vaccinated, up from 58%, while those in fair or poor health saw an 11-point jump in likelihood.
Researchers at UNLV are studying the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics like psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and MDMA. Their work suggests that these compounds can alter brain activity patterns, leading to rapid antidepressant effects.
Researchers developed a tissue-section analysis system that integrates morphological, molecular, and histological data for diagnosing breast cancer. The system provides heatmaps to explain the AI decision-making process, enabling doctors to assess results plausibility.
A new SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate has shown strong immune responses and prevented infection in multiple animal studies. The vaccine uses a modified measles vaccine platform to stimulate immunity, potentially offering advantages over existing vaccines.
The National Cancer Institute funded a 5-year grant to integrate two evidence-based programs: Some Things are Better Outside and SafeCare. The goal is to eliminate child secondhand smoke exposure and reduce cancer risk among families involved with child protection services.
A systematic review suggests behavioral self-management treatments can reduce lower urinary tract symptoms in older men. Self-management interventions, including health education and bladder retraining, showed comparable symptom relief to medications alone.
Researchers have identified wild relatives of chickpea as a natural source of resistance to Ascochyta blight, a devastating disease that can cause up to 100% yield loss. These wild plants, including Cicer reticulatum and Cicer echinospermum, have been found to be resistant to the disease.
A new study led by Yale University suggests that home testing for SARS-CoV-2 could significantly reduce total infections and mortality at a reasonable cost. By providing households with rapid antigen tests to identify potential contagion, individuals can self-isolate before spreading the disease.
Researchers found that cotton fabrics become better filters when exposed to humid conditions, increasing filtration efficiency by an average of 33%. Synthetic fabrics performed poorly relative to cotton and did not improve with humidity.
A new study by Christoph Binder's research group identifies IgM antibodies as a key player in preventing thrombosis. Natural IgM antibodies bind to microvesicles, preventing coagulation and thrombosis, providing a novel approach to reduce the risk of this major cause of death.
Researchers at VIMS are creating an AI-powered fishing app using angler photos to train software to identify fish species. The app aims to provide anglers a field guide and scientists with a collaborative tool for better management of recreational species, while contributing to sustainable fisheries management.
A global collaboration of over 15,000 surgeons found that delaying surgery for at least seven weeks after a COVID-19 diagnosis significantly reduces mortality risk. Patients operated within two weeks of diagnosis have higher postoperative death rates.
Researchers from The George Washington University reclassified the banana spider genus Phoneutria, revealing two previously thought-to-be-similar species: P. boliviensis and P. depilata. Genetic analysis revealed significant differences between the two forms, which differ in their geographic distribution and morphological characteristics.
Researchers have developed a superamphiphilic vitrimer epoxy resin membrane that can separate water and oil, making it an effective solution for cleaning up oil spills. The membrane is fully recyclable and can be depolymerized and reused after being clogged by pollutants.
Scientists at Nagoya University have found that an electric accelerator for auroras exists much higher in space than previously thought, beyond 30,000 kilometres above the Earth's surface. This finding offers insight into Earth and other planets as well, shedding light on the process of aurora formation.
A new study found that prisoners with mental illness were significantly more likely to be placed in extended solitary confinement. The study, which examined data from over 155,000 men, found that having a mental illness increased the likelihood of being placed in solitary by up to 170%.
Researchers identified rare cell types in esophagus, stomach and small intestine using scRNA-seq. They found a cell type responsible for water secretion in humans, linking it to cystic fibrosis.
A new laboratory study has identified five herbal medicines with potent activity against Babesia duncani, a malaria-like parasite causing babesiosis. The herbal medicines included Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, Artemisia annua, Scutellaria baicalensis, Alchornea cordifolia, and Polygonum cuspidatum.
The study found that top-performing primary care clinics in Minnesota used patient data to intensify treatment and monitor outcomes, leading to a significant increase in optimal diabetes care measures. The analysis suggests that this approach may be essential for improving diabetes care outcomes.
A new predictive model helps identify individuals at risk of severe COVID-19 by analyzing data from the COVID-19 Symptom Tracker app used by 3 million people in the UK. The study found that factors such as immunosuppressant medication, mobility aid use, and shortness of breath increase the risk for severe disease.
A new study found that myelin loss is a major factor in age-related brain deterioration, leading to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. The researchers identified a key gene responsible for the reduced efficiency of cells that produce myelin with age.
Researchers identified somatic gene mutations in brain cells of people with schizophrenia that disrupted synaptic function and affected proteins critical for neural signaling. The study found that these rare mutations could contribute to the disease's neuropathology, particularly in genes associated with glutamate receptor function.
Researchers used metaproteomics to study the bacterial response to algal blooms in the North Sea. They found that bacteria initially focus on easy-to-degrade substrates and later shift to harder polymers composed of mannose and xylose.
A year-long clinical trial by University of Washington School of Medicine found hydroxychloroquine ineffective against COVID-19 progression to pneumonia or hospitalization. Researchers were able to efficiently enroll participants remotely and obtain vital signs through self-submitted data.
A RAND Corporation report found that COVID-19 testing in schools is complex but doable, requiring partnerships with local public health departments and strong technical assistance. Schools used strategies to encourage participation, including pilot periods and incentives like paid sick leave, to overcome barriers such as privacy concerns.
A new study published in eLife found that deforestation in Southeast Asia can lead to an initial increase in malaria infections before declining over time. The researchers suggest that wider deforestation can drive human behavior changes, increasing exposure to mosquitoes and risk of infection.
Researchers at Hebrew University have developed human-on-a-chip technology that allows for real-time monitoring of drug treatments in humans. The technology has the potential to significantly reduce testing and production time for drugs, saving time, money, and unnecessary suffering.
A rare oviraptorid dinosaur fossil was found in southern China, showing the animal sitting on a nest of at least 24 eggs with well-developed embryos. The fossil provides significant insights into the reproductive biology of non-avian theropod dinosaurs.
A comprehensive review of lung cancer screening trials reveals both benefits and harms, leading to updated USPSTF recommendations. Screening can lower lung cancer deaths in high-risk individuals, but also leads to false positives and unnecessary procedures.
KAUST researchers review the prospects for IPMs to separate gases and liquids without traditional high-temperature methods, offering energy efficiency and environmental benefits. The team identified promising compounds like cyclodextrin, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes with impressive performance in industrial gas and liquid separations.
Researchers at Skoltech have proposed a photonic device using liquid crystals in optical resonators to study their optical properties. The device can simulate electronic devices using photons, potentially increasing processing speed and reducing energy consumption.
UC researchers found that cooperation between HER2 and MED1 genes promotes breast tumor growth, spread, and treatment resistance. Targeting MED1 alone or in combination with current therapies may be an effective treatment strategy for nearly 90% of breast cancer patients.
The FDA has qualified the DIBSS-C, a patient-reported outcome measure, to assess symptom-based efficacy endpoints in IBS-C clinical trials. This qualification reflects FDA's commitment to patient-focused drug development and is a major milestone for the IBS Working Group.
Researchers at MU found cognitive biases can create and worsen foodborne disease outbreaks, with motivated blindness and omission bias contributing to the Jensen Farms outbreak. The study emphasizes the importance of considering unconscious motivations in outbreak prevention policies.
Researchers discovered that spraying leaves with high concentrations of ascorbic acid increases protein production three-fold in plants. This simple method can produce valuable pharmaceutical proteins at a lower cost and with increased efficiency.
A new study by NYU Abu Dhabi researchers found that individuals with higher sensitivity to visual cues experience more severe motion sickness symptoms in virtual reality. The study suggests personalized device settings and reduced sensory cues can mitigate motion sickness, making VR technology more accessible.
A University of Illinois study reveals that milk oligosaccharides in canine and feline milk can boost beneficial microbes and establish a healthy gut microbial community. The research found that adding these prebiotics to pet diets improves palatability and has no adverse effects on health.
Researchers developed a microwave-assisted magnetic recording technology that exploits the flux control effect to improve hard disk performance. The FC device operates effectively at high write rates, exceeding conventional write head performance and showing promise for extending areal density.
The first herbivorous dinosaurs in East Greenland arrived 214 million years ago, coinciding with a drastic drop in atmospheric CO2 levels. This climate shift made it difficult for them to disperse from their original habitat, resulting in a 15-million-year journey.
The study detected human proteins matching cervico-vaginal fluid, as well as non-human proteins like honey and plants, which were documented in medieval medical treatises. The findings suggest the girdle was worn during pregnancy and childbirth to provide physical and spiritual support.
Scientists at the University of Chicago have developed a gel material that strengthens when exposed to vibration, increasing its strength by 66 times. The material selectively strengthens itself in specific areas where it is stressed to a higher degree.
A study conducted in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa among 162 people living with HIV found that home delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly increased viral suppression compared to clinic care. The paid home delivery model improved health outcomes, particularly for men who struggle with clinic-based services.
A 90-day dapivirine ring has passed its first test in a Phase I study, showing promising results for long-acting HIV prevention in cisgender women. The ring achieved higher dapivirine concentrations in blood plasma and vaginal fluid compared to the monthly dapivirine ring, suggesting potential for sustained protection.
Researchers found that shishito peppers with fewer seeds exhibit a range of spiciness, from weak to strong. The genes involved in capsaicinoid synthesis showed a positive correlation with pungent intensity. By suppressing these gene expressions, breeders may develop varieties with consistent flavor and reduced spicy fluctuations.
Long-range wildfire smoke is associated with increased hospitalizations for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular health outcomes. Local wildfires were found to be protective of residents' health due to evacuation efforts and media coverage.
A team of researchers, including UC Riverside biomedical scientists, identified the South African COVID-19 variant, which has been detected in at least 40 countries. The variant has mutations that make it resistant to antibodies generated by existing vaccines, potentially reducing vaccine efficacy.
Researchers have developed a microscopy technique that combines ultrafast electron manipulation with sub-nanometer photon detection. This allows for the investigation of quantum systems, sensing, and control, opening new doors for nanoscale science and technology.
A new Penn Medicine research reveals that a single head injury can lead to dementia later in life, with the risk further increasing with more head injuries. Women and white participants are at higher risk of dementia after head injury compared to men and black participants.
A new study has mapped the full evolutionary journey of the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis, a common cause of antibiotic-resistant infections in hospitals. The research shows that antibiotic resistant strains developed earlier than previously thought, influenced by agricultural and early medical practices.
A study by the University of South Australia found that women with gestational diabetes are ten times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. However, only a third of these women understand they are at high risk due to lack of education and lifestyle changes.
Researchers analyzed traffic volume and motor vehicle crash injuries before, during, and after COVID-19-related state-of-emergency orders. The study found a significant decrease in accidents and injuries following the implementation of social distancing policies.
Researchers found that bird parents who get help with childcare live an average of one to two years longer than those who do not. This is because helpers reduce the burden of care on parents, allowing them to reproduce again and again. The study highlights the importance of hard-working helpers in ensuring the longevity of bird parents.
A 30-year study in Tanzania found that warmer climates slow the population growth rates of tropical birds, particularly those with smaller bodies and lower elevation ranges. Climate effects on insect abundance, predator activity, or fruit timing may also negatively impact bird populations.
A $400,000 NSF grant will support a five-year project investigating the role of formal and informal social relationships among officers in shaping police behaviors. The findings aim to reduce police misconduct by informing policy initiatives and educational training programs.
A six-week training program improved emotional resilience in veterans by increasing confidence in regulating emotions and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Brain function changes also occurred, with reduced crosstalk between brain regions involved in emotional processing.
The BrainHealth Project trial unveiled a novel online platform delivering science-backed approach to measuring, improving, and tracking brain fitness. Participants showed significant improvements in their BrainHealth Index scores, with positive changes observed across various domains of brain health.
A team from UB developed a super-resolution optical chip-sized microscope based on 200 nm nanoLEDs. The new microscope allows real-time observation of viruses and cellular processes without current techniques' problems.
A partnership between Clemson University and Nephron Pharmaceuticals Corporation has led to the development of a flexible, open-source benchtop robot that can fill, cap, and seal sterile syringes, increasing productivity and quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This innovation aims to address drug shortages, which have sign...
A study led by Nationwide Children's Hospital found substantial declines in motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and fatalities in Ohio during the COVID-19 pandemic. The largest drop was seen after the state stay-at-home order, with 55% fewer crash involvements and 47% fewer injuries.
Researchers at UTA are investigating smart protective helmets that can sense head and brain injuries, allowing for rapid medical treatment. The project aims to improve the well-being of soldiers in combat by detecting brain trauma and preventing further damage.
Research by Orygen found that young 'night owls' have significantly higher negative psychotic symptoms. The study suggests a link between sleep disturbance, chronotype, and psychotic symptoms, highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention.
A new study examines the application of a risk assessment tool in child welfare decision-making and finds drastically different approaches between two states. The 'Goldilocks problem' highlights the challenges of standardizing a complex process, where too much rigidity can lead to inaccurate outcomes.
The UK's colour-blind vaccination model is putting ethnic minorities at a higher risk of COVID-19 illness and death due to the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on these groups. Targeted vaccination of high-risk groups, including essential workers, is crucial to control further outbreaks and end the pandemic.
Research by Queen Mary University of London found that people with pre-existing unhealthy heart structures and poorer functioning hearts are more likely to test positive for COVID-19. The study, which used the UK Biobank database, suggests that these relationships may be linked to a higher risk of subsequent COVID-19.
A comprehensive mutation map of the amyloid beta peptide has been developed to predict whether specific mutations increase an individual's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The study found that certain mutations accelerate protein aggregation, leading to the formation of toxic plaques in the brain.
A pragmatic mixed-methods randomized controlled trial found no effect on quantitative measures of self-management and self-efficacy after a four-month intervention. However, patients reported significant improvements in self-management and self-efficacy through qualitative interviews.
Computational air quality models have been adapted to better understand pollution challenges in Latin America, providing valuable insights for governments and authorities. The models can help identify the most cost-effective ways of achieving air quality improvements in cities like Bogotá.
Researchers at Colorado State University explored how health care systems might perform under multiple disasters and multiple waves of COVID-19. They found that optimizing resource allocation and implementing mitigation strategies can reduce disease spread and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers develop theoretical model suggesting microscopic wormholes could be traversable without exotic matter, using Dirac field to describe probability density function of particles. The model proposes that certain elementary particles like electrons and electromagnetic waves could traverse tiny tunnels in spacetime.
Researcher Dr. Erik Lentz discovered a new class of hyper-fast 'solitons' that can enable travel at any speed without requiring exotic matter with negative energy density. The equations used in this research would allow space travel to Proxima Centauri and back within years, compared to current rocket technology's 50,000-year journey.
Women with breast cancer who consumed non-diet soda five times or more per week were 85% more likely to die from breast cancer. The study also found a 62% higher likelihood of dying from any causes among these patients compared to those who never drank non-diet soda.
Researchers and peers from around the world, including mothers of color, address workplace inequalities through a proposed five-sphere-of-influence policy roadmap. The manifesto calls for a culture shift to support pregnant and parenting academics, including flexible research involvement, mentorship, and policy change.
The new USPSTF recommendation doubles the number of eligible adults for lung cancer screening from 6.4 million to 14.5 million. However, experts argue that this expansion may not address racial inequities and highlights the need for individualized risk assessment and genetic risk models.
Researchers at WMG, University of Warwick have developed routes to mitigate the effects of thermal gradients on microstructure, enabling wider use of flash sintering. Adopting these modified flash sintering routes will enable lower energy production of solid-state batteries and complex ceramic products.
A University of Arizona team proposes a solar-powered lunar ark to store cryogenically frozen seed, spore, sperm, and egg samples from 6.7 million Earth species in the event of a global crisis. The concept, inspired by Noah's Ark, aims to preserve biodiversity and prevent extinction.