Researchers found a new mechanism accelerating gas bubble escape from uranium dioxide crystal matrix to the surface, resolving discrepancy between theory and experiment. The discovery sheds light on radiation safety and properties of nuclear fuels.
A new study finds that racial diversity within a church is associated with higher average attendance over time, contradicting previous research. Methodist churches with more racial diversity had higher attendance, while those in white neighborhoods had lower attendance. The study's findings challenge the popular assumption of the Churc...
Researchers have developed a novel light sensor from two algae's rhodopsins that can produce the signaling molecule cGMP in response to UV or violet light, and inhibit its production with blue or green light. This breakthrough advances optogenetics by providing new tools for studying nerve cell function and other physiological processes.
Researchers found clusters of COVID-19 cases and deaths in low-income, predominantly minority neighborhoods across Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia. The study highlights the impact of social determinants of health on COVID-19 outcomes.
A study found that exposure to partisan news increased knowledge of recent events but decreased trust in mainstream media. Increased browsing on homepage websites was also observed.
A new theoretical framework has broad implications for active surfaces, such as biofilms and mechanisms for pathogen clearance. The researchers developed a model that predicts the transport of molecules inside cells or close to active surfaces.
Researchers found scarlet macaws and Amazon parrots transported from over 300 miles away, eating the same diet as agriculturalists. Mummified birds were often eviscerated and mummified with their mouths open or wings spread in flight.
A study published in the Journal of Dental Research found SARS-CoV-2 positivity among asymptomatic-screened dental patients, with a 0.5% test positivity rate over 13 weeks. The COVID-19 positivity rate in this patient group mirrored the underlying community prevalence at the time.
Researchers have identified seven genes essential for normal cell division, allowing a synthetic cell to grow and divide uniformly. This breakthrough aims to engineer synthetic cells for various applications, including drug production, disease detection, and computing.
A study by researchers at the University of Basel reveals that varied physical activity is associated with improved mental health and well-being. The study found that individuals who engaged in more varied movement patterns reported better subjective well-being, but no significant impact on symptoms of mental illness.
Researchers are studying the complex relationships within an ecosystem to understand how nature regenerates itself. The team will focus on key processes like predator-prey relationships and tree-pollinator interactions to measure the complexity in the resurgent ecosystem.
A recent study found that beetle outbreaks have impacted around 40% of Colorado's forests, but the effects vary greatly due to differences in forest structures and species composition. Most affected areas still have mature trees capable of regenerating seeds.
The new guidelines aim to address growing concerns of children's sedentary behaviour and promote energetic play while limiting screen use. The guidelines recommend a 3:1 ratio of exercise to sedentary time and suggest that OSHC centres should schedule at least 2-3 hours of physical activities per day.
A new study from Northwestern University found that individuals' ideological beliefs about equality significantly impact their perception of social inequality. Egalitarians are more likely to notice disparities affecting disadvantaged groups, while anti-egalitarians are more tolerant of inequality between groups.
A new study found that 33% of participants initially refused to know the climate impact of their food choices. However, after being informed, they reduced their carbon footprint by an average of 12%. The researchers believe obligatory climate labeling is necessary for effective results.
Researchers developed a smartphone game to screen for carpal tunnel syndrome using machine learning and anomaly detection. The game analyzes thumb movements and estimates the possibility of the disease with high accuracy, outperforming physical examinations by expert orthopedic surgeons.
New contact lens technologies can diagnose diseases like diabetes and cancer, treat eye conditions, and enhance vision. Integrated circuits will enable intraocular pressure monitoring and retinal imaging for early disease detection.
The EHRA Congress explores the latest practice-changing research in heart rhythm disorders, with a focus on digital technologies, arrhythmias, and cardiac devices. Season of birth affects health, weight loss after atrial fibrillation treatment can stop arrhythmia, and remote monitoring promotes patient empowerment.
A new study by the Wildlife Conservation Society addresses the impacts of COVID-19 and Cyclone Harold on Indo-Fijian small-scale fishers. The research highlights the need to prioritize vulnerable groups in economic recovery efforts, as they are disproportionately affected by the pandemic and natural disasters.
The UCLA-led PREVENT project will enroll 10,000 health care personnel at 16 medical centers to study the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among vaccinated and non-vaccinated workers. The results will help determine how effective vaccines are at preventing infection.
A study of over 7 million children found that autism prevalence varies across ethnic groups, with Black and Chinese pupils more likely to be autistic. Autistic children also face significant social disadvantage.
A low-cost hypertension management intervention was shown to be cost-effective and scalable for rural communities in low- and middle-income countries. The study found that scaling up the program could save governments $10.70 per participant treated, with costs decreasing over time.
Researchers integrated gait data and machine learning to monitor and predict MS-related gait issues, detecting differences in gait patterns between participants. The study identified a butterfly diagram feature associated with critical neurological functions.
Experts at the University of Birmingham argue that patients with type one diabetes need clear professional guidance to use 'Do-It-Yourself' artificial pancreas systems. The lack of legal, regulatory, or ethical guidance for clinicians has led to doctors being cautious about discussing DIY APS with patients.
A study published in Latin American Antiquity reveals that the Supe Culture's pyramidal buildings in Caral, Peru, were aligned with lunar cycles and topographic features, indicating a sophisticated understanding of astronomy and landscape by ancient inhabitants. The researchers found that the buildings' orientations coincide with the m...
Research published in British Journal of Ophthalmology found that normal-tension glaucoma is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and possibly dementia. The study suggests that the disease pathways for normal-tension glaucoma may be similar to those for dementia.
Researchers at the University of Southampton developed a new technique using gold nanoparticles to detect and enrich skeletal stem cells. The method is simpler, quicker, and up to 50-500 times more effective than existing methods, offering promising areas for bone disease treatment.
A prospective cohort study found that patients who work more than 55 hours per week are at a twofold increased risk of having a second heart attack. Long working hours were associated with higher job strain and poorer lifestyle risk factors, particularly among men and younger workers.
The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Europe hosts its 31st annual meeting, discussing pressing environmental topics such as climate change, microplastics, and biodiversity. The four-day conference will showcase over 1,200 presentations across 72 topics, including keynote addresses from prominent scientists.
The Martini forcefield offers fast but accurate coarse-grained simulations for soft matter systems, such as lipid membranes and proteins. The new version has been recalibrated with more reference data, enhancing its accuracy and usability in materials science and biophysics research.
Researchers have solved a long-standing mystery about how particles behave outside a black hole's photon sphere using string theory. The study finds that string theory resolves singularities caused by tidal effects on nearby strings, supporting the idea of extended objects like strings as degrees of freedom in quantum gravity.
Researchers found that monkeys exhibit same patterns as humans in learning from consciously experienced and subliminally presented visual cues. This suggests that monkeys possess two levels of processing, one of which is conscious.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a process to convert waste rubber tires into graphene, which can strengthen concrete and reduce carbon emissions. The new material has shown significant gains in compressive strength when blended with Portland cement.
Researchers at Tohoku University have increased the speed of 4D-CT imaging by a thousand-fold, enabling real-time observation of rubber failure in tires. This breakthrough accelerates the development of new tire materials with improved wear resistance, environmental friendliness, and service life.
A University at Buffalo study finds that male students who perceive school support for mental health feel emotionally safe, while female students require more robust support networks to feel secure.
The study identified several cellular pathways that change when a tumor becomes aggressive, and developed a simple system to model their effect. The model integrated different types of experimental data, including transcription factors, to predict which targets are important for colorectal cancer aggressiveness.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found that depression alters the way the brain processes visual information, with depressed individuals perceiving contrast as stronger. The study used two visual tests to compare brain function in patients with depression to those without.
Researchers at Lehigh University have identified a previously unknown interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2 receptors in human cells, which strengthens the virus-cell interaction. This finding may partially explain COVID-19's higher infection rate compared to SARS.
A team of researchers from Aarhus University and international experts found that solar photovoltaic technology has been drastically underestimated in the IPCC's climate-neutral energy production scenarios. The study suggests a more significant role for solar cells in achieving a fossil-free future.
A study is evaluating Recovery Works, a Indiana program focusing on pre-incarceration diversion and post-incarceration re-entry services to reduce recidivism by 20%. The research aims to assess the impact of services on health-related outcomes and recidivism rates among low-level offenders.
Researchers found two distinct magnetic phase transitions in PbFeO3, including a continuous spin reorientation at 418K and a weak ferromagnetic transition at 600K, which could enable the development of faster and more efficient spintronic devices.
Researchers found that algorithm-generated music recommendations were less accurate for listeners of high-energy music such as hard rock and hip-hop. Those who mostly listened to ambient music received the most accurate recommendations, while those who mostly listened to hard rock received the least accurate ones.
Researchers at MIT have developed a technique for imaging biological samples with accuracy of 10 nanometers using an ordinary light microscope. The new hydrogel-based approach improves upon previous versions, enabling high-resolution images without expensive equipment.
A new University of California, Berkeley study finds that nonjudgmental empathy training for court-appointed supervision officers can lead to a 13% decrease in recidivism among their clients. The findings are significant given the US criminal justice system's high rates of recidivism.
Climate change and pollution threaten narwhals, with mercury levels increasing significantly since the 1990s. The narwhal's tusk provides a window into changing conditions, revealing shifts in diet and exposure to pollutants over the past half century.
Akane Sano, a Rice University electrical and computer engineer, has developed software to detect and predict emotional stress in people through data from wearable and mobile technologies. Her $550,000 NSF CAREER Award will support the development of algorithms to interpret data on personal health.
The FDA has approved supplements to biological license applications for Octaplas and fibryga, strengthening Octapharma USA's pediatric critical care product portfolio. The new labels provide results from post-marketing studies evaluating the products' efficacy, safety, and tolerability in newborns through age 20. Fibryga's indication i...
A new study reveals that human and mouse cancer cells use specific mechanisms to survive heat shock and regain their original function. The research, published in Molecular Cell, identified key genes involved in the process, including those related to autophagy and RNA processing.
Caltech professor Ibrahim Cissé has pioneered techniques to visualize gene expression in living cells using super-resolution imaging. His work applies physics to RNA transcription, shedding light on the behavior of biomolecules and potential applications in understanding neurodegenerative diseases.
New research reveals that young people's experiences with gender and sexuality vary greatly by region, with pressures to conform to masculinity affecting teens' ability to express themselves. The study found that nonbinary gender identity is more common in urban areas than rural ones.
A review of studies links excessive fructose intake to NAFLD in children, suggesting restricting added sugars may reduce risk; current diagnosis methods are inadequate, and better tools are needed.
Researchers from Chalmers University of Technology identified two promising policy options: requiring importers to carry out due diligence and supporting multi-stakeholder forums. These measures can help reduce deforestation while being politically feasible, with careful design and combination with targeted aid necessary for success.
A new analysis by New York University researchers found that the world's largest meat and dairy companies have not made explicit commitments to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. Only four companies, including Dairy Farmers of America and Nestle, have made such a commitment.
Plants recall drought conditions through GABA signalling, affecting leaf pore width for water conservation. This unique mechanism allows drought-tolerant plants to survive longer without water.
A study from the University of Notre Dame found that a specific protein called SGK1 promotes survival and increases the likelihood of cancer spreading by blocking cell death. This discovery may have implications for understanding how cancer cells adapt to new environments, such as the brain, where breast cancer can metastasize.
Researchers found that climate change poses a significant extinction threat to Tidestrom's lupine, a plant with only seven known populations. A 1°C temperature increase is projected to reduce individual plants by 90%, with local extinction likely for one population.
A study by Children's National Hospital found that sociodemographic factors related to intent of injury by firearm may help guide policy and inform tailored interventions. The study identified distinct risk profiles for individuals aged 21 and younger with firearm injuries, including unintentional and self-harm cases.
Researchers investigated how certain strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) activate gene expression in neurons, finding that different genetic variants induce distinct patterns of gene expression. These findings may help understand why people experience varying levels of symptom severity and frequency of outbreaks.
A newly discovered 'Goldilocks' black hole, approximately 55,000 times the sun's mass, provides insight into how supermassive black holes form and grow. The finding may indicate that these behemoths have ancient relics as seeds, potentially leading to a greater understanding of the universe.
Scientists have discovered that the brain perceives odor mixtures as a new identity, rather than a combination of individual odors. This finding supports the pattern theory of sensory encoding, which suggests that multiple neurons are activated simultaneously to create a population code for each smell.