A new Rutgers study finds that mindfulness therapy through mobile app Mindfulness Coach reduces symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression in caregivers. The study suggests that mHealth interventions can positively impact future mental health treatment options for patients.
Researchers identified molecular targets of transplant rejection and developed a laboratory procedure to quantify donor-reactive T cells in mice. The study's findings could lead to improved immune monitoring of clinical transplant recipients and potentially replace invasive procedures like biopsies.
Researchers have developed a simple, postal urine test that can detect signs of urothelial cancer in Lynch Syndrome (LS) patients, who are at high risk of developing tumors. The test uses cell-free DNA shed into the urine to identify DNA from tumor cells with characteristic microsatellite instability.
The new center will offer staff and peer mentoring support in accessing financial aid, academic, career, and wellness services. It aims to bridge financial, language, and cultural barriers faced by Southeast Asian students.
Research found that adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation were less likely to notice irregular heartbeat symptoms, had a lower quality of life, and experienced more co-occurring health conditions than those without diabetes. This delay in diagnosis may lead to more complications such as stroke.
The 'Rolling Fingers' robotic hand can move objects in a single grasp without needing two arms, simplifying tasks for robots. Its adaptive fingers and rotating skin enable safe manipulation of non-rigid objects, making it suitable for industrial and clinical applications.
A retrospective study found that Lung-RADS performed well in assessing lung cancer risk on follow-up CT scans, with a weighted cancer risk of 5% for new nodules. Strict application of Lung-RADS criteria downgraded some malignant nodules, highlighting the need for category 4X for suspicious features.
A new technique developed by University of Hawaii astronomer Nader Haghighipour has successfully detected a transiting circumbinary planet in TESS data. The discovery validates the method, which reduces the time to detect such planets from over a year to just five days.
A genetic model for the 'ultimate' chickpea has been developed using AI, identifying gene combinations that can lift crop yields by up to 12%. The research consortium mapped thousands of chickpea varieties and used AI to predict optimal genetics for seed weight.
Researchers have identified specific skin microbiome bacteria and their pathways as contributing to ageing skin. The study, published in PLOS ONE, used a novel approach to chart host-microbe co-metabolism in skin aging.
Researchers found that cascades of equally shared true and untrue tweets are virtually indistinguishable, implying that untruths may not be more prone to spreading than truths online. This study has implications for strategies to curb misinformation on Twitter.
Researchers found that rapid antigen tests can detect COVID-19 in saliva samples with high sensitivity early in infection, but later in infection the tests lose sensitivity. Saliva-based tests may offer a more comfortable and convenient option for diagnosing COVID-19, especially in children or younger unvaccinated students.
The analysis found that nearly 40 million referrals to surgeons showed a greater proportion of patients referred to male surgeons by male physicians. In contrast, female physicians were less influenced by surgeon sex when making referral decisions.
Researchers have developed a new method that uses deep neural networks to predict extreme heat waves with unprecedented accuracy, up to two weeks before they occur. This breakthrough has significant implications for risk management, planning, and warning systems, which will greatly improve public safety and support public policies.
Researchers at Rice University are creating a 3D-printed smart helmet with embedded sensors to protect soldiers' brains against kinetic or directed-energy effects. The program aims to modernize standard-issue military helmets by incorporating advances in materials, image processing, artificial intelligence, and energy storage.
A study at Weill Cornell Medicine reveals how drugs can affect membrane-spanning proteins, causing unwanted side effects. The researchers found that membrane-associated drugs can interact with these proteins in multiple ways, leading to changes in membrane characteristics.
Researchers investigate the effect of local exhaust ventilation (LEV) devices on dental aerosols and droplets produced during procedures. LEV significantly reduces aerosol dispersion, with effects comparable to suction for ultrasonic scalers and substantial reductions for air-turbine handpieces.
A new study reveals that climate change is altering the balance of microbes in nectar, making it less palatable for bumblebees. This could lead to a decline in pollinator populations and affect human health by reducing fresh food availability.
A recent study by Shinshu University explores the early adoption of GitHub Discussions, revealing its utility for managing project discussions and identifying key factors for improvement, including guidelines for participation and encouraging core members.
Researchers explore harnessing China's wind energy to produce carbon-free green hydrogen at a lower cost than coal-derived black hydrogen. Shifting from black to green hydrogen could reduce 100 million tons of CO2 emissions per year by 2030.
New study traces common ancestry of Japanese, Korean, and Tungusic languages to millet cultivation and early Amur gene pool in West Liao River region. The Farming Hypothesis is supported by linguistic, archaeological, and genetic evidence showing early farmers' spread across Northeast Asia.
Researchers use 103 retired sled dogs to study aging-related diseases like arthritis and cancer. The study aims to characterize canine aging mechanisms and identify biomarkers for anti-aging treatments.
A Phase II study shows that combination treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab improves overall survival in patients with asymptomatic melanoma brain metastases, with an overall survival rate of 71.9% at three years. The treatment demonstrates durable responses, even in symptomatic patients.
A health impact assessment shows that European cities can avoid 109,188 and 57,030 premature deaths per year by meeting the new PM2.5 and NO2 guidelines, respectively. Meeting these standards could prevent up to 125,000 and 79,000 annual premature deaths.
A new diagnostic guide for pythium damping-off and root and stem rot of cucurbits has been published, providing a concise resource for growers, diagnosticians, and plant pathologists. The guide summarizes techniques for isolating, identifying, and testing Pythium isolates to combat these diseases.
Two leading US physicians urge doctors to screen patients for exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution, recommending interventions to limit exposure and improve cardiovascular health. Governments also have a primary responsibility to adopt technologies and regulations that reduce air pollution.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that over half of surveyed healthcare workers reported PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of previous SARS experience. Healthcare workers with prior SARS experience showed lower scores of PTSD and depression, but this effect disappeared after correcting for other factors.
A record-breaking summer of flooding in eastern Asia prompted an international team to research and submit findings on the event to a special journal issue. The studies highlighted unusual behavior of an anti-cyclone and its connection to the Indian Ocean's warming, leading to persistent extreme rainfall.
A University at Buffalo study found that a specific messaging strategy in PSAs increased recycling intention among New Yorkers who struggle with proper recycling. The research used the theory of planned behavior to develop an effective video, targeting those who feel uncertain about their own recycling abilities.
Researchers discovered mosaic brain evolution in guppies through an artificial selection experiment. This phenomenon indicates that different brain regions evolve independently in response to environmental demands. The study has significant implications for understanding vertebrate and human brain evolution.
The grant aims to build a robot that navigates complex environments and collects data over long periods, combining image collection and acoustic analysis to mimic a trained diver's curiosity. This will enable scientists to slowly build a detailed picture of ecosystem function and health, reducing the impact on animals' behavior.
Researchers have developed innovative ways to avoid clouds of coronavirus in public waiting lines, classrooms, and live musical performances. Periodic movements in lines can cause aerosol transmission, while heating in winter and air conditioning in summer create 'dead zones' that spread airborne diseases.
A study published in The BMJ found that early post-operative exercise improves shoulder and arm mobility, reduces pain, and increases quality of life for women after non-reconstructive breast cancer surgery. The exercise programme is also cost-effective, with an average saving of £387 per patient.
Duke University scientists developed isotope-based tests to identify lead contamination origins and assess risk in urban soils. The new test can distinguish between legacy and modern sources of lead, helping public health officials track and remediate contaminated areas. Elevated lead levels pose long-term health risks for children.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that homeschooled adolescents tend to exhibit higher levels of character strength and engage in healthier behaviors, such as volunteering and religious service attendance. However, they are less likely to pursue higher education compared to their public school counterparts.
Researchers have discovered a new target for COVID-19 vaccines that could complement existing vaccines by inducing an immune response against 'replication proteins', essential for the viral cycle. The approach may lead to the creation of a pan-coronaviruses vaccine protecting against SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.
Auckland Bioengineering Institute researchers have demonstrated that a jet injector can release enough blood for glucose concentration measurement without pricking the skin. The study, published in the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, showed that most participants found the procedure less painful than a standard lancet prick.
A large group of patients with diverse cancer types received two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or one dose of the Johnson and Johnson vaccine, showing modestly impaired immune responses. Booster vaccine doses enhanced immunity in most patients.
Researchers find that triangular-patterned materials can exhibit a mashup of three different phases, with each phase overlapping and competing for dominance. As temperature increases, the material becomes more ordered due to the breaking down of these competing electron arrangements.
Patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with checkpoint inhibitor combination nivolumab plus ipilimumab experienced longer treatment-free survival compared to those receiving targeted therapy sunitinib. The analysis revealed significant differences in how patients spent their overall survival time between the two treatments.
Researchers found that fast-evolving lepidosaurs were more likely to go extinct than slow-evolving rhynchocephalians. The study suggests that the 'slow and steady wins the race' approach may not be as effective for all species.
A new study from the University of Illinois explores the use of near-infrared spectroscopy to measure moisture content in real-time during the drying process of coated and uncoated apple chips. The technology offers several advantages, including speed, accuracy, and sustainability, over traditional methods.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new device that brings sound to quantum science experiments, opening up new possibilities for studying solids and phases of matter. The device uses a precise cavity to hold an optical lattice of atoms, which vibrates at around 1 kHz, producing phonons - the building blocks of sound.
Researchers at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) have developed a system to study cellular reactions in a way that more closely reflects how molecules behave in a living cell. By mixing a polymer with protein, they created membraneless droplets that can mimic the molecular properties of how molecules move in the cell.
A study published in Microbiology Spectrum found that parent-collected nose swabs outperform nurse-collected swabs in detecting respiratory infections in children, with high inter-rater agreement rates for viral and bacterial infections. The study's findings suggest that parents can collect high-quality samples, and this method may be ...
The 2021 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Awards honored journalists who reported on the global COVID-19 pandemic, equity in science, and the natural world. Winners included Mariano Zafra and Javier Salas for their multimedia piece on aerosol transmission.
The world's largest ammonite species, Parapuzosia seppenradensis, reached diameters of 1.5-1.8 meters around 80 million years ago. This evolution likely helped the species evade predation and survive in its environment.
Researchers found a link between the width of growth marks on baby teeth and exposure to early-life adversity, including maternal stress and anxiety. The study's results could lead to the development of a tool to identify children at risk for mental health disorders, allowing for preventive treatments.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame finds that companies' disclosures about auditor firings are useless for assessing whether restatement trouble lies ahead. Instead, researchers recommend investors pay attention to when the disclosure comes out, with firings after the second fiscal quarter signaling an above-average chance o...
Researchers identified clusters of asphyxia-associated neonatal mortality in cities with low per capita GDP, highlighting the need for targeted healthcare interventions. The study's methodology can help policymakers plan strategies to reduce avoidable newborn deaths.
Pollution has been linked to nine million deaths worldwide in 2019, with five million due to cardiovascular disease. The researchers emphasize the need for individual physicians to consider pollution as a risk factor when treating patients, and advocate for government-supported interventions to reduce exposure.
Researchers detected gamma rays from ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) launched by supermassive black holes, providing a basis for understanding their role in regulating black hole growth and galaxy evolution. UFOs create shock waves that accelerate charged particles, influencing the surrounding matter and accelerating star formation.
Researchers developed an AI-based technology to generate CT images from MRI, allowing for non-invasive brain treatment without radiation exposure. The system demonstrated accurate skull density and thickness estimation, as well as precise ultrasound treatment simulation.
Researchers at Lancaster University successfully transferred digitally encoded information wirelessly using nuclear radiation, achieving 100% successful transmission tests. This novel approach uses fast neutrons, which can penetrate materials like metals, making it ideal for safety-critical scenarios and emergency rescue operations.
A study of 77 lactating parents found a higher prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk among unvaccinated mothers, suggesting potential protection against COVID-19. The study also identified a link between vaccine-induced immunity and increased neutralizing activity in human milk.
A study by Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg reveals that mid-sized collaborations are crucial for companies to become gatekeepers in Germany's business network. These collaborations lead to improved innovation and profits. Large companies dominate the gatekeeper position, but smaller collaborations can also be beneficial.
A two-year project led by Dr. Kirsty Squires aims to analyze 41 mummified children from the 19th century using non-invasive methods. The study will provide essential data on juvenile health, development, and identity during this period.
A new study suggests that the recommended approach for preventing blood clots after stent placement may not be as beneficial as previously thought. The researchers found that the risks of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) may now outweigh its benefits for most patients, due to improvements in stent technology and changes in patient demo...
A gene-silencing therapy harnessing nanoparticles called small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for drug delivery has protected against Zika virus transmission in pregnant mice to the mouse fetuses. The treatment reduced fetal neurological damage, including virus-induced brain shrinkage.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet shows that explicitly addressing falsehoods is more effective in busting misbeliefs than simply stating scientific facts. The study found that two communication campaigns using WhatsApp audio dramas significantly reduced participants' incorrect beliefs about typhoid and malaria.