Researchers at TU Wien have successfully explained the electronic structure of nickelates, a new class of superconductors. By comparing theory and experiment, they determined important parameters of these materials, paving the way for improving their superconductivity at higher temperatures.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new synthesis process that increases the number of holes in p-type III-nitride semiconductor materials, leading to more efficient LEDs and lasers. This breakthrough could also help address the long-lasting problem called the 'green gap' in LED technology.
The USPSTF report describes methods used to identify recommendations with sex or gender components and propose an approach to making recommendations respectful of gender diversity. The task force aims to clarify the populations for which these recommendations should apply.
A study published in Molecular Systems Biology reveals that tumour cells resistant to treatment exhibit 'metabolic and epigenetic memory' of the tumour state. This finding highlights the importance of glycolysis in sustaining cellular metabolism and provides a potential therapeutic target for preventing breast cancer recurrence.
Researchers at MIT and UNH find that binary neutron star mergers produce two to 100 times more heavy metals than neutron star-black hole mergers. The study suggests that binary neutron stars are a likely cosmic source for gold, platinum, and other heavy metals.
Researchers have developed a ferritin-based nanomedicine that targets diverse leukemia types, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxicity. The nanomedicine delivers arsenic to leukemia cells, enhancing killing effects while minimizing harm to normal tissues.
A new analysis by a researcher at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found a link between large gatherings of unvaccinated county residents and an increase in COVID-19 infections in university communities. The study suggests that vaccinations, surveillance testing, or mitigation measures are essential to reduce the spread of COVID-19...
Researchers at VUB have detected vitamin D deficiency in cremated human remains through the analysis of interglobular dentine. This innovation allows for the identification of past populations' exposure to sunlight and daily activities, shedding new light on environmental and sociocultural factors influencing health.
Researchers at Penn State used traffic cameras and mobile device data to monitor COVID-19 cases in Centre County, PA. Movement data preceded increases in cases, suggesting that behavioral interventions like stay-at-home orders can be effective in controlling transmission.
A Hebrew SeniorLife study provides a novel framework for understanding the social determinants of health that influence the development of delirium in older adults. The framework identifies environmental, historical, and social variables that may protect against or precipitate delirium.
A new study by Baycrest and York University found that studying Spanish improves working memory and executive function in older adults, similar to brain training. The participants reported greater enjoyment of the language learning experience.
Researchers at George Mason University are developing methods to identify and mitigate supply chain disruptions caused by criminal organizations. The team aims to create alert systems and mitigation strategies using machine learning and simulation techniques.
Researchers published safety and efficacy data for a novel nusinersen drug delivery method via subcutaneous intrathecal catheter system (SIC) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients. The study found improvements in arm and hand function, but no significant changes in motor scales or muscle force.
Using data from over 353 million unique observations, researchers found that companies with structured management practices attracted top-flight managers and were able to keep talented workers. This suggests that better-managed firms are growing in terms of employment, and that these firms can influence the entire labor market.
Researchers discovered that SARS-CoV-2 causes an early release of the immune-dampening TGFβ messenger, disrupting the innate immune response. This disruption impairs natural killer cells' ability to eliminate virus-infected cells, leading to severe disease.
A study has identified 20 consistent indicators to support sustainability on U.S. ranches, focusing on ecological, social, and economic aspects. The indicators aim to help ranchers track progress toward sustainability goals and communicate improvements to their operations.
A new study reveals that Black women with low vitamin D levels are at a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer. The research found that those with predicted vitamin D scores in the bottom 25% had a 40% increased risk compared to those in the top 25%.
A computer model developed by the University of Surrey researchers supports Bernard Williams' 40-year-old hypothesis that pressure changes cause fluid in the cavity to 'slosh', generating stress in the spinal cord tissue. The study shows that this process can lead to small cavities gradually expanding down the spinal cord.
A UArizona-led team has discovered nearly 500 ancient ceremonial complexes in southern Mexico, similar to the largest Maya monument Aguada Fénix. The findings suggest that the Olmec civilization played a significant role in shaping the development of the Maya civilization.
Researchers explored superoscillations for nanoimaging and nanometrology, achieving subwavelength focusing and imaging beyond the traditional diffraction limit. This technology combines with deep learning algorithms to increase resolution and accuracy in micro-nano displacement detection.
The University of Surrey has published a paper outlining its plan to reduce absolute carbon emissions by 46% over the next decade and achieve Net-Zero. The paper provides guidance on how other universities can apply the Science-Based Targets Initiative (SBTi) and offers ideas for financing emission reduction pathways.
A new study finds that high-dose radiation therapy can lengthen progression-free survival for people with advanced lung cancer when systemic therapy has not fully halted tumor growth or spread. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) shows promise in treating oligoprogressive, metastatic lung and breast cancer.
A recent study has discovered genetic markers associated with high levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the blood, a toxin linked to sepsis and cardiovascular diseases. The research also found a connection between LPS levels and blood coagulation disorders, such as thromboembolism and stroke.
The Comparing Outcomes of antibiotic Drugs and Appendectomy (CODA) trial found that nearly 7 in 10 patients with antibiotics avoided an appendectomy within three months. By four years, just under 50% had the surgery, suggesting both treatments are safe and valuable to patients differently based on unique symptoms and circumstances.
The proposed reauthorization of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) has the potential to positively impact parents with substance use disorder and infants with substance exposure. The legislation needs improved implementation to achieve a public health approach, providing tailored guidance and support for states.
A study of 750 UK women veterans found that a high proportion had experienced military adversity, including sexual harassment (22.5%), emotional bullying (22.7%), and physical assault (3.3%). These experiences were linked to various mental health issues, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression.
A study by Ludwig Lausanne reveals how cancer cells convert immune cells into supporters of their growth and survival. The researchers identified β-glucosylceramide as the key lipid triggering this transformation, which can be targeted to slow or reverse tumor progression.
A study published in Nature Communications found that the diameter of participants' pupils varies according to the perceived number of dots, indicating a relationship between numerical information and perception. This ability has practical implications for early identification of dyscalculia in young children.
A study investigates the role of the TGF-β/SOX9 axis in promoting cancer migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The research found that CAF-induced TGF-β1 upregulates SOX9 expression, leading to increased cancer invasiveness and poor prognosis. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic target for developing novel tr...
The AbacusSummit simulations are the largest-ever produced, clocking in at nearly 60 trillion particles. They will help scientists extract information about the universe from upcoming surveys of the cosmos.
A new online calculator, CoRiCal, has been launched to help people make informed decisions about COVID-19 vaccines. The tool provides personalized risk calculations based on individual circumstances, such as age, sex, and community transmission.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have developed a novel treatment method that destroys cancer cells by targeting the cytoskeletal protein WASp, which is unique in active hematologic cancer cells. The approach uses small molecule compounds identified through AI and machine learning to inhibit proliferation and destroy malignant cells.
A study by Temple University Hospital found that virtual single-visit screenings are just as effective as in-person screenings, especially for African American patients. The telemedicine approach helped preserve access to lung cancer screening during the pandemic, despite a 75% decline in overall screenings.
A new study found that surgery benefits men with Stage IV breast cancer, particularly those responsive to systemic therapy. Trimodal therapy, including surgery and radiation, shows improved 5-year overall survival rates compared to systemic therapy alone.
A new study found that a decline in hospital stays after surgery may be associated with an increase in post-discharge complications. Researchers recommend implementing a coordinated system to better identify and manage these complications, including improved patient education and enhanced communication between healthcare providers.
The Northern New Jersey Spinal Cord Injury System has been funded by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research since 1990. The grant enables researchers to investigate new approaches to improving employment outcomes after spinal cord injury.
A recent study found that COVID-19 lockdowns led to significant increases in bicycle-related injuries and gun-related injuries across four US cities. Trauma cases at Level I trauma centers showed a 100% rise in bicycle-related trauma rates and a 23.5% increase in gunshot wounds.
A Rutgers study found that up to 8% of children in certain New Jersey communities have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), significantly higher than the national average. The study also identified disparities in ASD identification, particularly among Hispanic children.
A nationwide pause of most elective operations led to significant financial losses for hospitals, with one study estimating a 42% loss of net revenue. Hospitals lost $1.53 billion from missed pediatric procedures, with a median time to recovery of one year.
Using qualitative terms to describe risks associated with treatments for appendicitis led to a wide range of interpretations among patients. In contrast, giving risk percentages or ranges improved communication and reduced variance in interpretation.
Scientists develop a new way to control heat flow through ultrathin layers, promising sensitive thermoelectric devices. Weaker coupling between layers reduces heat transport by up to ten times.
Patients with stroke symptoms can be quickly assessed for traumatic injuries without delaying brain imaging and treatment. The novel STRAUMA activation enables rapid evaluation of both stroke and trauma to facilitate timely administration of life-saving interventions.
A survey of adults shows low colonoscopy rates during the pandemic, but home-based fecal occult blood testing increased by 30% among respondents. The study highlights the need for tailored screening options to address patient concerns and improve colorectal cancer screening rates.
Two studies investigate the factors associated with cancer centers offering telehealth services, revealing regional disparities and socio-economic influences. Researchers aim to increase access to care for patients who may be underserved or lack technology to participate in remote visits.
Physicists discover skyrmions can fly through electromagnetic pulses with controlled topological complexity. The supertoroidal pulse, a generalization of the 'Flying Doughnut', features fractal-like toroidal structures and multiple singularities.
Researchers propose a new model that transfers power to patients to advocate for their own health, enabling them to design interventions with support from healthcare providers. The study finds that traditional expert models are inefficient in treating chronic diseases and socially determined health issues.
A study by a researcher at American University found that Massachusetts gun-control legislation had no immediate impact on reducing four types of violent crime, including murder, aggravated assault, and robbery. The study suggests that lawmakers should revisit their legislation to ensure it is being implemented as intended.
Scientists confirmed that topological insulators produce a unique signature from their surface when exposed to circularly polarized laser light. This discovery was made possible by high harmonic generation, which enhances the signal coming from the surface and gives it a distinctive signature.
The study introduces a versatile method to tune the interaction strength in 2D heterostructures by applying electrical fields. This allows for the exploration of wide parameter ranges and opens up new perspectives for quantum simulation.
Researchers developed a new statistical engine to evaluate gymnastics judges' accuracy and fairness. The study found that some judges are significantly better than others at judging, with the best-trained judges being only two to three times more accurate than their peers.
Researchers developed a facile approach to preparing functionalized MOF catalysts with covalently anchored metal-N-heterocyclic carbenes. The catalysts exhibit high activity in Suzuki coupling reactions and hydrogen transfer reactions, and can be separated and recycled multiple times.
The study found that COVID-19 relief funds disproportionately went to hospitals in stronger financial situations, which later experienced the most COVID-19 cases. The analysis suggests a complex relationship between hospital funding and pandemic outcomes.
A new study by NIH's NCATS suggests that people with rare diseases face significantly higher healthcare costs, often three to five times those without a rare disease. The study estimates total yearly direct medical costs for approximately 25-30 million individuals in the US could be around $400 billion.
Researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed innovative technologies in self-healing sealants, precision deicers and quantum-enabled grid security. These breakthroughs aim to improve construction materials, reduce waste in road maintenance and enhance power grid protection.
Scientists have developed a new material, black phosphorous, only three atoms thick, which can control light with unprecedented precision. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize telecommunications and pave the way for Li-Fi, a light-based replacement for Wi-Fi.
Researchers at Ural Federal University developed an ultra-sensitive sensor to analyze honey for nitrobenzene, a toxic compound. The sensor's exceptional accuracy and low sample requirements make it suitable for on-site analysis.
A recent study found that cancer screenings in the VHA often fail to meet their potential benefits due to various socio-economic and clinical factors. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to address these disparities and improve cancer screening rates among veterans.
Researchers have developed a novel multi-enzyme platform that enables sequence-unconstrained traceless protein synthesis and modification, expanding the possibilities for life science research and pharmaceutical innovation. The PALME platform utilizes diverse enzymes to offer flexible ligation sites and peptide substrates.
Researchers at University of Toronto develop polymer coating that enables low surface tension liquids to be transported over distances up to 15 times longer than currently possible. This technology has important implications for microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip devices and point-of-care diagnostics.
Researchers found four main drivers of CO2 reduction: subsidised renewable investment, regulation-driven coal closure, rising carbon prices, and energy efficiency measures. Building renewable sources and setting a stronger carbon price were key contributors to the UK's success in reducing emissions.