Researchers found that continents have always been rich in silica, contradicting previous models. Continental growth occurred in six major periods every 500-700 million years over the past 3.7 billion years.
A new study suggests that traumatic experiences like sexual assault are associated with indicators of cerebrovascular risk, potentially leading to dementia and stroke. Women who experienced trauma had greater white matter hyperintensities, a marker for brain small vessel disease.
A new DNA sensor can detect both the presence and infectivity of viruses in minutes, providing a significant improvement over current methods that only detect genetic material. This breakthrough could aid in tracking and containing viral outbreaks, as well as understanding mechanisms of infection.
A new study by the University of Plymouth found that maritime ropes can release millions of microplastic fragments into the ocean annually. The research estimated that the UK fishing fleet alone could be releasing between 326 million to 17 billion microplastic pieces into the ocean every year.
Common hair loss patterns in women include progressive ponytail thinning, increased scalp visibility, and easy sunburn. New therapies such as platelet-rich plasma injections offer promise for stimulating hair growth and minimizing thinning, while treatments like minoxidil and finasteride may also be effective.
Researchers explore science behind time-restricted eating, finding it improves sleep quality and reduces obesity, diabetes, and heart disease risk. By aligning daily habits with internal rhythms, intermittent fasting can optimize health and reduce chronic disease burden.
A study found that a naturally occurring protein called nNIF improved stroke recovery in mice by blocking the formation of NETs, which can cause blood clots and brain damage. The researchers believe that this protein could potentially improve stroke outcomes in humans.
A new global study found that setting targets for treating diabetes patients with cholesterol or blood pressure medication can significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes. Achieving these targets could save up to 6% of healthy lifetime lost to diabetes over 10 years, mainly due to reduced cardiovascular conditions.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science discover that vicarious social defeat can cause psychological stress in mice, leading to depression and decreased neurogenesis. The study sheds light on the pathophysiology of depression and may lead to the development of novel antidepressants.
Researchers found that children tend to have similar levels of sulfur volatiles in their saliva as their parents, suggesting shared oral microbiomes. Children who produce high amounts of sulfur volatiles dislike raw Brassica vegetables the most.
Microglial cells form networks to degrade alpha-synuclein aggregates, preventing neuron damage. However, certain Parkinson's disease mutations disrupt this process.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have developed a collaborative AI tool that reduces time and effort required to discover new materials. The tool has already led to the discovery of four new materials, including solid state materials with lithium-conductive properties.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center have developed potential new treatments for Parkinson’s disease that showed success in slowing its progression in mice. The lab-developed peptides helped slow the spread of alpha-synuclein, a protein that occurs in abnormal deposits in the brain.
A Rutgers University study suggests that video conferencing with tobacco treatment specialists can aid smokers in rural prisons in quitting tobacco smoking. The study also found that providing nicotine replacement therapy patches was effective in aiding the cessation process.
New research from the University of Leicester shows that macroplastics travel much slower through river systems than previously believed, remaining in place for significant periods. The study suggests existing estimates of riverine plastic flux to the ocean may have been overestimated, highlighting the need for further research.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute discovered that loss of ARID1A function enhances a cellular stress response pathway that promotes survival of cancer cells, making them sensitive to pharmacological inhibition. This finding points to a new therapeutic opportunity for ovarian clear cell carcinomas with ARID1A mutations.
A team of astronomers used dashcam footage to track a fireball over Slovenia, recovering three space rocks and tracing their origins in the Solar System. The fragments provide insights into the history of our Solar System and potential hazards like Near Earth Objects.
Researchers link repeated injury to airway stem cells with chronic lung disease, suggesting that biological aging of these cells may contribute to the development of this condition. The study found that injury caused activation of a subset of stem cells, leading to their premature aging and loss of functional capacity.
Researchers found that Maya rulers altered their cities' structures and alignments to reflect their own desires and authority. Many temples were built on top of existing ones or abandoned altogether, shifting the focus from community ritual to ruler-centric politics.
The California NanoSystems Institute has launched a new Quantum Biology Center at UCLA, focusing on community-building and interdisciplinary research collaborations. The center aims to train students and scientists in the quantum biosciences and explore the application of quantum mechanics to biological processes.
Children who receive living donor liver tissue for transplants have nearly twice the survival rate and reduced risk of organ rejection compared to those receiving deceased donor livers. Living donation also shortens wait times for pediatric patients.
The Lupus Research Alliance is funding two projects that examine why lupus varies for each person. Researchers will investigate the differences in genetic and environmental factors contributing to lupus variability.
A new study reveals a strong connection between infection rates and strains of authoritarianism in public attitudes and politics. The research found that the more infectious US cities and states had more authoritarian-leaning citizens, with correlations between higher disease rates and conservative voting patterns.
A University of Kansas researcher is investigating how estrogen interacts with cells to promote tissue repair and regeneration after injury. The study aims to understand why male and female tissues regenerate differently, which could lead to the development of new tailored therapies.
A new study finds that racial/ethnic minorities remain less likely to be eligible for lung cancer screening under the revised guidelines, highlighting the need for more nuanced risk models. Incorporating social determinants of health and family history could help address disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility.
A team of researchers from IOCB Prague has discovered a new type of nanoparticles capable of safely transporting various types of nucleic acids used for therapeutic purposes into cells. The universal nature of their system sets it apart from existing solutions, allowing for efficient transport of mRNA and other RNA molecules into cells.
A recent study published in Nature found that a high-fat diet or genetic obesity can deplete hair follicle stem cells, leading to hair thinning and loss. The researchers discovered that inflammation signals block hair follicle regeneration, ultimately resulting in loss of hair follicles.
Researchers from Osaka University introduced a non-contact quality control technology to 3D printing by detecting fine-scale defects below the surface of 3D-printed metal assemblies. They used laser ultrasonics to uncover small defects that are frequently difficult to image.
Researchers at LMU Biocenter have discovered that PCMD-1 is an essential functional bridge between centrioles and the surrounding matrix, ensuring proper spindle pole integrity. This finding highlights the critical role of protein interactions in maintaining cell division accuracy and preventing diseases such as cancer.
Two Yale-led studies found that Black patients admitted with COVID-19 tend to have higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than white patients, which can lead to unequal access to treatment resources. This disparity could result in disproportionate steering of scarce healthcare supplies towards other groups.
Scientists discovered that recurrent neural networks (RNNs) play a crucial role in the frontal cortex, responsible for decision-making, expressive language, and voluntary movement. The research also found that RNNs are more complex than previously thought, with a unidirectional structure.
Researchers found that salivary HR-HPV DNA can detect HPV-driven head and neck cancers (HNC) in most patients at the time of diagnosis. The study showed a clear survival advantage for salivary HR-HPV-positive patients, with high-risk strains detected in most cases.
A CAMH-led study found that 36% of Toronto-area LGBTQ2S youth experiencing homelessness have attempted suicide since the pandemic began. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and population-based access to life-saving health and social support services for this group.
A study by McGill University reveals significant regional variation in Canada's nitrogen footprint, with Ontario and Quebec contributing the most. The research highlights the importance of understanding local drivers of nitrogen pollution to develop targeted solutions.
A multidisciplinary research framework is needed to explore links between evolved tolerance to pathogens and their spillover into humans. Hosts can live with pathogens for long periods, creating conditions perfect for spillover, according to a new review.
Researchers have measured the transverse electrical resistivity of a single carbon fiber using the van der Pauw method, revealing directional-dependent properties. This discovery paves the way for developing lightning strike protection technologies for aerospace and other industries.
A new study by UCL researchers found that social inequality can incite collective violence, including vandalism, even with weak social identification. The findings suggest that reducing economic inequality could play a role in maintaining public safety.
A new center will be established at CU Anschutz Medical Campus to investigate rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis, with the goal of identifying new treatments and preventing disease. The center will combine resources from over 40 researchers and provide funding for graduate students and postdoctoral fellows.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet outlines a baseline bundle of care interventions that could save millions of lives globally. The Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) concept describes life-saving practices with low complexity and cost, benefiting critically ill patients.
The Science Communication Lab has received a 3-year NSF grant to create new films and virtual workshops about novel breakthroughs and techniques in science. The lab aims to expand its work across filmmaking and education to reach broad and diverse audiences, emphasizing diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Researchers studied mice with Alzheimer's disease and found that pain sensitivity is maintained throughout the disease progression. Females are more sensitive to pain, while males experience greater emotional distress, highlighting age- and sex-specific responses to pain in Alzheimer's disease.
A team of engineers and biotechnologists has developed a biosensor that measures antibiotic levels in breath, mirroring blood concentrations. This breakthrough enables on-site, personalized dosing to minimize resistant bacteria strains.
Researchers have developed a new type of red meat that replaces nitrite with natural alternatives from plants and fruits, including Japanese Knotweed. The results showed significantly lower levels of nitrite content in participants' faeces compared to conventionally processed red meat.
A new study estimates that treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) costs the US $8 billion a year, primarily due to long-term metabolic health conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The analysis also found pregnancy-related costs contribute significantly to the total burden.
Researchers at the University of Barcelona have developed a simulated microgravity system that simulates conditions found in space, allowing for the study of 2D crystalline molecular structures. The system enables the growth of unique materials with unprecedented effects on orientation, compactness and generation.
A study of semi-captive Asian elephants found that calves raised with older sisters had higher long-term survival rates and reproduced earlier than those without a sibling. In contrast, male elephants raised with older sisters experienced lower survival but increased body weight.
Researchers developed an AI model to classify patients with localized breast cancer as high or low risk of metastatic relapse. The study shows that AI can accurately assess relapse risk with an AUC of 81%, providing a valuable aid for therapeutic decisions and avoiding unnecessary chemotherapy.
Cong Wang aims to develop a two-fingered robot that can perform everyday tasks with precision manipulation, using artificial intelligence and crowdsourcing. The robot will be taught by human volunteers through the Amazon Mechanical Turk system, with the goal of creating a physically intelligent being.
Researchers identify structure and interaction between HCV E2 protein and CD81 receptor, revealing acidic conditions enhance binding and facilitate cell entry. This discovery provides new leads for developing an HCV vaccine by targeting specific antibodies against the virus.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center technology has led to the discovery of an 'ultra-potent' monoclonal antibody that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The antibody's unique characteristics make it a valuable addition to therapeutic candidates.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory calculated moment tensors for 130 underground nuclear and 10 chemical tests to aid explosion monitoring. The study's database of carefully documented explosions will be useful for researchers, allowing them to distinguish explosions from earthquakes and estimate yield.
Danish adults have made significant strides in preserving their natural teeth and visiting the dentist more frequently. However, social disparities in dental health persist, with those from lower-income backgrounds receiving less preventive care.
A new study published in JAMA shows that minimally invasive aortic valve replacement can help patients with a wide range of heart conditions, offering a new hope for those affected by aortic dissections and aneurysms. The procedure, pioneered at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, has been shown to be effective in treating complex cases.
A study of nearly 200,000 patients found that Black women have a three-fold increased risk of triple negative breast cancer, which has a poor prognosis. Higher breast density and obesity are associated with increased risk among this group.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists is using human whistled languages as a model to understand how dolphins encode complex information in their whistle communication. By studying the structure and attributes of human whistled speech, researchers aim to develop new techniques for analyzing dolphin whistles.
GlycoNet will deliver reliable vaccine information to Canadians through interactive digital campaigns and K-12 classroom tools, supporting science literacy skills. The grant aims to promote evidence-based decision-making on vaccines across the country.
Researchers used mice to demonstrate that acquired knowledge is stored in early visual areas of the brain, highlighting the widespread storage of semantic memories. The study showed that part of category knowledge is already present in the visual cortex.
Researchers have measured the energy dependence of e+e- -> B-anti-B, B-anti-B* and B*-anti-B* reactions in a new energy range, providing insight into exotic Upsilon mesons. The data was collected by the Belle experiment and has the potential to shed light on the structure of highly excited states.
Researchers have developed a new method for preparing cryo-electron microscopy samples using liquid nitrogen, which cools at rates roughly 50 times slower than ethane. This results in sharper images with reduced beam-induced motion and simplified workflows.
A new VA study finds a strong connection between PTSD symptom severity and anxiety sensitivity among female Veterans who experienced military sexual trauma. Treating anxiety may ease core PTSD symptoms, suggesting anxiety sensitivity as a potential target for treatment.