Most healthy infants can digest lactose as is, but excessive use of hypoallergenic and lactose-reduced formulas is noted. Analysis found 5.5% of formula purchased was hypoallergenic and 59% lactose-reduced, with lactose being only 47% of the carbohydrate source in formulas.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Semel Institute identified the gene P300 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment-resistant brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme. By blocking P300, tumor cells can be prevented from recovering and growing under the hostile conditions created by radiation therapy.
Nuclear physicists have confirmed a bump in the data of proton structure measurements, revealing an unexplained spike in electric polarizability. The anomaly is puzzling experts, who believe it may indicate an unknown facet of the strong force at work.
Researchers developed an electrochemical technique to recycle highly valuable homogeneous catalysts, extending their life cycle. The method uses an electrical field to separate catalysts from mixtures and bind them to a surface, allowing for reuse and reducing energy consumption.
Scientists have developed a method to store and release highly pure hydrogen using salts in the presence of amino acids, which could make large-scale hydrogen storage more feasible. The technique uses potassium salts, manganese-based catalysts, and amino acids to produce high-yield and pure hydrogen with minimal byproducts.
The new book, 'Science Communication Skills for Journalists: A Resource Book for Universities in Africa,' provides a comprehensive resource for journalists and students on science communication. With 22 chapters and five academic papers, the book equips readers to communicate complex scientific findings effectively.
A new study found that a rare Wyoming sagebrush species, Laramie chickensage, is primarily pollinated by bees. The research, led by University of Wyoming graduate student Madison Crawford, shows that 61% of viable seeds produced by the plants were from insect pollination.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that high-status individuals in medieval Norway had higher bone mineral density and were taller than those from lower socio-economic backgrounds. This suggests that socioeconomic status may have played a role in shaping health outcomes over time.
UTSW researchers found that COVID-19 increased pediatric mental health visits by 42.8% in 2020, with female adolescents and non-Hispanic patients most affected. A $2.5 million grant will fund a study on optimal oxygen therapy for preterm infants to reduce mortality and lung disease.
A recent NIH-supported study found that Black adults treated at advanced heart failure centers received potentially life-changing therapies, such as transplants and heart pumps, about half as often as white adults due to racial bias. The researchers also suggest that unconscious bias and overt racism may be driving these disparities.
A recent analysis found that older U.S. adults with poor prognosis cancers had preexisting conditions such as functional impairment and difficulty with mobility before diagnosis. These conditions can impact their physical function and quality of life.
A new study by University of Essex researcher Constantina Maltezou-Papastylianou found that older adults are less accurate than younger adults in detecting emotions from speech. This decline is associated with natural changes in the brain as we age, affecting understanding and interpretation of emotional cues.
A population-based analysis of 1,193 major surgeries found that 13.4% of patients died within a year, with frail and dementia-affected individuals facing significantly higher mortality rates
Researchers developed new edge-computing and slicing techniques for LEO satellites, advancing domestic satellite network technology. The methods harness distribution and movement characteristics of LEO satellites and wireless-channel environments.
Researchers used machine learning to predict sugarcane yield based on DNA. The technique improved accuracy by over 50% compared to traditional breeding methods.
A new study identifies environmental chemical agents that influence gastrointestinal inflammation and may boost the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. The research found a common herbicide, propyzamide, to interfere with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, leading to increased intestinal inflammation.
Researchers have made a surprising discovery that liquid smoke can enhance plant defense against pests and diseases, leading to new farming practices. The study found that sunflowers grown in soil treated with liquid smoke had larger, thicker, and greener leaves and appeared less prone to pests and disease.
A study published at the European Emergency Medicine Congress found that a digital technology platform called HealthCall can reduce emergency department attendances for residents in care homes. The system provides staff with easy access to clinical advice and has been shown to result in a 10% reduction in expected monthly attendances.
A recent study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators found that corrupted endothelial cells can protect leukemia cells from chemotherapy drugs. The discovery has the potential to improve drug discovery programs and clinical trials for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients.
A long-term International Space Station experiment measured the effect of space radiation on mouse embryonic stem cells, contributing to assessing safety and risks for human space flights. The study's findings show that actual biological effects of space radiation are in close agreement with earlier predictions.
A study of over two million individuals in Denmark found that mothers with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy have a higher mortality risk in their offspring. The study shows an association between maternal HDP and various cause-specific deaths, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Researchers Dr. Fabian Pels and Prof. Jens Kleinert developed an integrative group flow theory that explains the conditions for optimal group performance. The IGFT highlights the importance of interpersonal coordination, positive relationship quality, and continuous maintenance of primary and secondary fits to achieve group flow.
The study reveals that the distribution of local interface displacements exhibits non-zero skewness due to pinned segments lagging behind the rest. The researchers also found that scaling properties of interface segments depend on whether they are lagging or moving ahead of the average displacement.
Researchers found that controlling human mobility in specific areas according to infection levels can effectively reduce COVID-19 transmission. The studies suggested that walkable cities and mask use may play a role in reducing new infections.
A recent review study highlights the potential of GDF15 as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, citing its beneficial effects on metabolism and weight loss. The study reveals that GDF15 can activate mechanisms to counteract processes like inflammation and insulin resistance.
A new study by Helena Miton and Simon DeDeo presents a model for the transmission of tacit knowledge, which is passed down with limited specification. The model captures how learners overcome constraints to succeed in complex practices, predicting stability over time with minimal information.
A new MUSC initiative aims to increase the number of women entrepreneurs by offering coaching, mentoring, and training opportunities. The program will pair trainees with successful biomedical entrepreneurs, providing valuable role models and guidance. By addressing gender inequity in STEM fields, STEM-CREW seeks to advance the careers ...
A recent study found no association between women's caffeine consumption and pregnancy or live birth rate after fertility treatments. However, moderate alcohol consumption (84g/week) was associated with decreased pregnancy and live birth rates in both men and women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.
Scientists have elucidated the exact molecular structure of an IgM-type B cell receptor, revealing its asymmetrical complex with signaling subunits. The discovery provides insights into how the receptor interacts with other molecules and could lead to a better understanding of vaccine development and lymphoma formation.
Researchers at Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, predict a third-year La Niña event, the first since 1998-2001. This event may bring intense cold surges in Eurasia and more extreme weather patterns.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a new tool to measure proteins in brain cells, revealing how brain activity remodels the physical structure of neurons. The study found that certain proteins related to DNA packaging play a key role in gene expression changes after neural activity.
ETRI has developed a metaverse platform that supports up to 11 users in real-time collaboration, enabling practical applications such as education and manufacturing. The platform's advanced technology includes high-precision location recognition, hand-gesture recognition, and real-time data synchronization.
Researchers have uncovered a unique mechanism by which the SV40 virus infects cells by exploiting the nuclear pore complex and LINC protein. This finding may provide insights into the mechanisms underlying cancer-causing pathogens and shed light on basic cell biology.
Researchers have discovered a family of selfish genes, wtf, that have survived for over 100 million years in yeast, contradicting established beliefs on their longevity. These 'killer meiotic drivers' transmit themselves to half of offspring and destroy reproductive cells without being suppressed by natural selection.
Researchers found that people who use combination of spacing and retrieval practice retain information for longer periods of time. These techniques involve recalling previously learned material through flashcards, practice tests or open-ended writing prompts to recognize what they do and don't know.
Researchers have developed a method to map an asteroid's interior structure based on its spin changes during close encounters with Earth. This technique, called AIME, could help scientists plan more effective defense strategies for asteroids like Apophis, which poses a significant hazard if it were to make impact.
Scientists uncover mechanism controlling cellular levels of tau, a protein linked to devastating neurodegenerative diseases. Overexpression of specific form of numb protein Numb-72 decreases tau levels and slows neuron loss in animal models.
A mathematical model suggests that social interactions between sedentary and moderately active people can stimulate higher levels of overall physical activity in a population. The model found that interacting with moderately active individuals helped sedentary populations become more physically active over time.
Plant cells use a complex 'hub and spoke' system to recycle organelles, involving specialized vesicles and molecular mechanisms. The discovery sheds light on the role of autophagy in plant stress tolerance.
The US ranks last in vaccination rates among the world's richest countries, with a mortality rate from COVID-19 30 times higher than influenza. Boosters can reduce the risk of dying and hospitalization by over 90%. All US adults and eligible children should receive booster shots to protect against future variants.
Researchers have developed an intermetallic palladium-zinc alloy with high corrosion resistance and improved catalytic activity. The alloy's unique structure creates a protective skeletal shell around the zinc atoms, preventing leaching and increasing its durability as an electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation reactions.
Researchers at the University of Technology Sydney have extended the theory of acoustic levitation to account for asymmetrical particles, which is more applicable to real-world experience. This new understanding enables precise control and sorting of tiny objects using ultrasonic waves.
Researchers are using ancient DNA samples to study the relationship between humans and furbearers like beavers, mink, and muskrats. By analyzing genetic diversity lost due to the fur trade, scientists can inform current conservation efforts and guide future management schemes.
A new study found that sleeping five hours or less per night is associated with a higher risk of developing at least two chronic diseases over a 25-year period. This includes heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 men and women aged 50, 60, and 70.
A new AI model developed by researchers at the University of Georgia uses artificial intelligence to analyze terabytes of quail call recordings, allowing wildlife managers to gather data in a matter of minutes. The model is accurate, picking up between 80% and 100% of all calls, even in noisy recordings.
Researchers developed a technology to create nonspherical nanoparticles through ion implantation, enabling the growth of custom shapes and controlling their properties. This allows for the creation of metamaterials with improved optical absorption and energy conversion efficiency.
Researchers at University of Miami Rosenstiel School used climate model to investigate temperature changes in subpolar North Atlantic region. The study found that human-driven atmospheric changes are the cause of a warming hole, not a slowdown of ocean circulation.
Researchers found that ocean bacteria absorbing carbon dioxide from the air need more energy and resources when infected with viruses and facing predator attacks. This complex interaction can lead to increased carbon sequestration, a key factor in mitigating climate change.
A survey of six European countries found strong public support for transferring COVID-19 vaccines to poorer nations and prioritizing those with the greatest need. Europeans consistently prioritized individuals most vulnerable, employed individuals, or those who lost income during the pandemic over unemployed individuals.
The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) has selected six early-career researchers to join its prestigious investigator program, which provides $1.5 million in funding over five years. The award aims to accelerate treatments and cures through cutting-edge research.
A new chemoproteomic method has been developed to globally profile arginine dimethylation, which plays a crucial role in regulating protein phase separation and membraneless organelle dynamics.
Researchers developed a method to estimate local and asymmetric face deformations from 2D landmarks, disentangling muscular movements and shape changes. The tool enables patients recovering from facial paralysis to monitor progress without specialized equipment, receiving immediate feedback.
The Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University has received a National Endowment for the Humanities grant to create a digital archive of Civil War graffiti sites in Northern Virginia. The project aims to preserve unique graffiti covering two historic house museums and expand it to several other sites.
Scientists discover that increased levels of enzyme alpha 1-6 fucosyltransferase (FUT8) in the colon may lead to ulcerative colitis by altering mucous layer properties, making it more permeable and sticky. Researchers believe this allows bacteria to reach epithelial cells, triggering inflammation.
Researchers found that endogenous retrovirus RNA is present in all non-diseased tissue types, including cerebellum and thyroid tissues. This discovery has important clinical implications for the use of HML-2 expression as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target.
A study published in JACC: CardioOncology found that exercise during chemotherapy improves long-term cardiorespiratory fitness and alleviates adverse effects of cancer treatment. After treatment, an exercise program can recover lost function. The optimal timing of exercise intervention is during chemotherapy.
A recent study has identified key factors influencing the eating quality of hybrid rice, including single-grain composition and physicochemical indicators. The research developed a novel technology to analyze these traits, enabling rapid and nondestructive detection of high-quality rice.
Researchers from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science developed a novel focusing quadrupole ion funnel to enhance PTR-MS sensitivity, increasing it by 13.8-87.9 times compared to conventional drift tubes. The FQ-IF also improved detection limits for volatile organic compounds.
A recent study published in eLife reveals that women, the elderly, those in rural areas, and those living in poverty are less likely to own a mobile phone, thereby excluding them from accessing mobile health (mHealth) services. The study highlights the need for digital transformation across Africa to ensure equitable access to healthcare.
A comprehensive review of ocean warming reveals that global ocean heat content has increased by over 90% since the 1950s. The study predicts that if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced, ocean warming will continue to accelerate, leading to more intense storms, droughts, and sea-level rise.