A Washington State University study found that many Americans believe poverty, not race, is the root cause of environmental inequality. However, research shows that Black communities statistically suffer from environmental problems more than white communities of similar income levels.
Researchers have developed a rapid COVID-19 test that uses molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles to detect SARS-CoV-2. The new test is more sensitive and works under extreme conditions than existing antibody-based tests, with preliminary results indicating it can detect a 6,000-times lower amount of the virus.
A study of 2021's extreme weather events in China, the US, Canada, and Europe found a mix of natural and human-caused factors at play. The research highlights the need for real-time climate event attribution systems to better understand and adapt to climate change.
Research by University of Washington reveals that ice shards in Southern Ocean clouds increase the amount of sunlight absorbed by the ocean's surface. The study found a significant impact on temperature, with differences of 10 Watts per square meter between models including and excluding ice formation.
WEHI researchers have found a way to release the 'handbrake' hold on Treg cells, enabling them to clear disease and infections faster. This breakthrough could lead to better treatment options for cancers and infections, where rapid clearance of unhealthy cells is crucial.
A new robotic system allows surgeons to remotely treat patients experiencing a stroke or aneurysm, providing teleoperated endovascular treatment during the critical golden hour. With just one hour of training, neurosurgeons can successfully operate the system to guide a wire through complex vessels and reach difficult-to-reach areas.
A new study published in PLOS ONE finds that high and very high cardiovascular risk are associated with depressive symptoms, especially in women. The researchers used data from a Mediterranean Diet trial and found that participants with higher cardiovascular risk had lower depressive status scores after following the diet.
Dr. Kenichi Miharada and his team received the grant to develop an in vitro red blood cell production method due to global blood shortage for transfusions. They have already established a semi-infinitely proliferating red blood cell source called immortalized human erythroblast cell line (ELLU cells), but face technical challenges.
A new ultrafast humidity sensing optical sensor has been developed by a POSTECH research team, with an application potential for security tags and humidity-sensitive electronic devices. The sensor boasts an ultrafast speed 10,000 times faster than conventional Fabry-Perot interferometer based optical sensors.
Traffic-related air pollution contributes to high rates of asthma prevalence in Mott Haven and Port Morris, with significant increases in congestion in mixed-use areas and at night. The study's findings highlight the need for measures to mitigate environmental health impacts of traffic congestion.
A new study published in the Chinese Medical Journal assessed mortality risk in middle-aged and older Chinese individuals with multiple diseases. The study identified four multimorbidity patterns, with cardiometabolic being the most common, and found that individuals with these patterns had a significantly increased mortality risk.
A healthy lifestyle is associated with longer life expectancies and reduced time spent living with Alzheimer's. For women and men with a healthy lifestyle, 10.8% (2.6 years) of the remaining years were lived with Alzheimer's, compared to 19.3% (4.1 years).
Researchers developed new polymer materials with adjustable refractive index, enabling easy creation of optical interconnects between photonic chips and board-level circuits. The technology has the potential to boost Internet data center efficiency by reducing power consumption and heat generation.
Research suggests that changing product availability in shops and restaurants can lead to healthier and more sustainable dietary choices. Studies have shown consistent effects of such interventions on consumer selection, with no evidence of adverse effects.
Research from Trinity College Dublin suggests that cumulative childhood trauma is a key indicator of suicide ideation among university students. The study found that 35.2% of participants reported adverse childhood experiences, and serious levels of suicidal thoughts were common.
A new poll by the National Poll on Healthy Aging finds that many older adults are not prepared for aging in place, despite wanting to live independently. The poll highlights the importance of planning for home modifications and social support, particularly for those without family members to care for them.
New research from The University of Manchester found that poaching combined with individual rhino's reproductive variance significantly increases the risk to black rhino survival. Reproductive skew, or variation in breeding success between females, can exacerbate extinction risk by up to 70% in small populations.
A new series of expert reviews explores less common causes of bone loss, including pregnancy-associated osteoporosis and anorexia nervosa-related osteoporosis. The reviews provide comprehensive information on these unusual conditions and their impact on bone health.
A survey of over 2,500 dog owners found that nutritionally sound vegan diets were associated with better health outcomes for dogs compared to raw or conventional meat diets. The study controlled for various factors and suggested that a well-planned vegan diet may be the healthiest choice for canines.
The study provides a single-cell transcriptome map of 45 tissues and organs from long-tailed macaque monkeys, identifying 113 major cell types. This will improve the ability to pinpoint how to develop potential treatments for human diseases with greater precision.
The Lustgarten Foundation has awarded Career Development Grants to Pingping Hou and Edwin Manuel to fund research on pancreas cancer. Their projects focus on immune cell populations and nutrient uptake by cancer cells, aiming to develop novel therapies.
A new Concordia study reveals that climate change affects the province-wide analysis of landscape freeze-thaw cycles, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions in northern regions and transitional days in southern areas. This can have significant impacts on infrastructure and greenhouse gas emissions.
A new study in Environmental Research Letters reveals striking disparities in conserved land distribution across social marginalization dimensions in New England. Researchers created a tool to address these disparities and built an interactive map to highlight opportunities for future conservation based on environmental justice criteria.
A new undersea detector has successfully detected a mild tsunami in Tokyo Bay using the power of muons and cosmic rays. This innovative system uses sensitive detectors to measure changes in ocean swells, providing accurate data for early warning systems and potentially revolutionizing tsunami monitoring.
Researchers found a missing link between galaxies and quasars, discovering a supermassive black hole in archived Hubble Space Telescope data. The object, GNz7q, appears to be a black hole just starting to overpower its host galaxy in the process of becoming a quasar.
Researchers found that NYX-783, a newly discovered drug, modulates NMDA receptor activity in neurons to suppress traumatic memories and spontaneous recovery of PTSD. The drug was effective in reducing fear responses and improving treatment outcomes, particularly in female mice.
Providers of care to transgender youth believe restrictive sports legislation would worsen discrimination and stigmatization. The study found that such laws could lead to increased mental and physical health morbidities among transgender youth.
Researchers at the University of Cologne and the University of Wuppertal have developed a tandem solar cell that achieves an unprecedented 24% efficiency, outperforming previous records. The innovative design combines organic and perovskite-based absorbers with an indium oxide interconnect to minimize losses.
Researchers identify magma intrusion as cause of 85,000-quake swarm in Antarctica, largest ever recorded. The swarm peaked with two large earthquakes before subsiding, marking the end of a sustained magmatic unrest.
A UCLA-led team has created a roadmap tracing each step in human blood stem cell development, providing a blueprint for producing fully functional blood stem cells. The map could help expand treatment options for blood cancers and inherited disorders.
A team of researchers, led by L. Mahadevan, developed a mathematical model to understand the mechanics of combing and detangling. They found that using short strokes starting from the free end can effectively remove tangles, with an optimal minimum length for each stroke identified.
Researchers found that veterans with chronic headache are interested in combining alternative therapies like acupuncture and massage with mainstream medicine. Healthcare providers support patient empowerment, but need education on the scientific evidence for alternative therapies.
US life expectancy dropped by 1.87 years from 2019 to 2020, while peer countries saw a 0.58-year decrease on average. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black populations experienced larger declines, with decreases of 3.70 and 3.22 years respectively.
A study led by the University of Minnesota Medical School found that exposure to helminths can stimulate the immune system and reduce predisposition for inflammatory bowel disease. The research revealed a unique glycosylation mechanism, O-GlcNAcylation, which activates epithelial cells to orchestrate an anti-helminth response.
Researchers at Radboud University found that as Zoom call video quality degrades, people start shouting and using more gestures to compensate. The study tracked participants' speech and gestures over 40 minutes of calls with deteriorating video quality.
A new study finds that asymmetrical family structures, such as single-father or single-mother households, are associated with higher delinquency rates among adolescents. In contrast, symmetrical arrangements like mother-stepfather families show lower rates of delinquent behavior.
A recent study by KIT and BGR predicts declining groundwater levels in Germany until 2100, regardless of the climate scenario. The worst-case scenario indicates significantly falling groundwater levels in North and East Germany by the end of the century.
Scientists identified six sets of genes that produce defense molecules when wheat is attacked by microbes. These gene clusters encode versatile chemicals including triterpenes and flavonoids, which could help breed more resistant wheat varieties.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have identified a novel mechanism by which tau protein causes neurons to die, which can be altered pharmacologically. This discovery provides a new framework for studying vertebrate models of tauopathy and eventually clinical trials.
Researchers found a higher number of small HDL particles in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with better cognitive performance and lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. These particles may play a key role in clearing amyloid beta peptides, which contribute to the disease.
A study found that BPA exposure in utero has a more significant impact on rat offspring than mothers exposed prenatally. The effects of BPA on maternal rats were slight compared to those of their offspring.
Researchers have discovered that blood cancer cells steal membranes from immune cells like Natural Killer cells through a process called trogocytosis. This process allows the cancer cells to put the NK cells to sleep, shutting down their anti-cancer activity. The study also sheds light on how PD-1 inhibitors can be used to 'wake up' th...
Researchers created a theoretical model to describe the swelling, softening, and elastocapillary adhesion of cooked pasta. The study found that cooking time is directly related to the degree of noodle stickiness.
Scientists at Stockholm University have revealed the structure of bismuth subsalicylate, a century-old pharmaceutical ingredient used to treat nausea and diarrhea. The discovery was made possible by advanced transmission electron microscopy techniques, which provided atomic resolution images of the molecule's molecular packing.
A new study found that valbenazine, a VMAT2 inhibitor, is safe and effective in treating chorea in patients with Huntington's disease. Chorea is a common symptom of the disease, causing involuntary and irregular movements.
A new study shows that three doses of mRNA vaccine provide substantially greater protection against severe COVID-19 for immunosuppressed transplant patients. Boosters appear to increase effectiveness, with a regimen of two doses only 29% effective and three doses 77% effective in preventing hospitalization.
Researchers discovered a link between non-O blood types and an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism in cancer patients. This finding suggests that blood typing may serve as another important predictive measure for identifying individuals at high risk.
Researchers developed personalised brain models to simulate patient response to deep brain stimulation for depression, improving efficacy by 50%. The models use individual EEG and MRI data to replicate brain response and pave the way for tailored treatment approaches.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in enhancing the antiviral T cell response triggered by therapeutic vaccines for chronic hepatitis B. By removing natural killer cells and activating them with cytokines, they boosted the control of HBV infection.
A study found that listeners in Arkansas and Michigan imagined similar stories, while those in China envisioned unique narratives. The results suggest that music can generate shared experiences despite cultural differences.
Researchers discovered that bacterial virulence factor WtsE initiates mobilization of nutrients and water into spaces where the bacteria reside in infected maize plants. This process precedes death of plant cells and could inform future breeding practices to resist devastating corn diseases.
Researchers load CAR-T cells with an oncolytic virus to target and kill solid cancer tumors, providing a potent immune response. The combination approach overcomes challenges in treating solid tumors with CAR-T cell therapy alone.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant advancements in treating neuroendocrine tumors with combination therapy, identified consensus subtypes for hepatocellular carcinoma to improve treatment selection, and found a targetable vulnerability in urothelial cancer due to MTAP loss.
A recent study found that structural racism and COVID-19 pandemic stressors are significantly associated with postpartum depression and anxiety among Black individuals. The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, analyzed data from a large birthing cohort and found that participants who experienced worse pandemic-related worries, interper...
The study examines how COVID-19 disproportionately affects Black individuals' postpartum anxiety and depression, building on historical inequities. Researchers found a significant association between COVID-19 and increased rates of postpartum mental health issues in Black women.
Researchers developed a protein-based antiviral nasal spray that thwarts infection by interfering with the virus' ability to enter cells. The treatment neutralizes all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants, including omicron subvariants, and is more cost-effective and self-administerable than current antibody therapies.
Recent simulations and analysis suggest that the PPPL flagship, NSTX-U, can serve as a model for an economically attractive next-generation fusion pilot plant. The facility's unique capabilities make it a candidate for generating clean and safe power for electricity production by the 2040s.
The University of Otago has created the first strontium isoscape for Aotearoa New Zealand, allowing researchers to pinpoint biological material to distinct geographical regions. This innovation enables better prediction of unknown materials' origin, benefiting industries and research
A new study finds that while immediate economic benefits of carbon emissions reductions are limited, most scenarios have net economic benefits after 2050. The benefits are most dramatic for developing countries, with a median net benefit of 6.0% of GDP for a 1.5°C reduction target.
New research suggests diverse microbial life existed on Earth at least 3.75 billion years ago, dating back to a time when the planet was still forming. The study, led by UCL researchers, analyzed ancient rock formations and found evidence of complex structures that could not have been created through chemical reactions alone.
A new study found that newborn brains are already organized into functional networks, with five networks operating at birth. Individual variability in these networks may be related to genetic differences and could have implications for behavior in adults.
A retrospective study found that higher coronary artery calcium score, higher pulmonary artery-to-aorta ratio, and lower thoracic skeletal muscle index independently predicted worse overall survival. The PA-to-aorta ratio was the most important predictor of overall survival.
A team of researchers used a new computer simulation to model the electrostatic self-organization of zwitterionic nanoparticles, which are useful for drug delivery. They found that including transient charge fluctuations greatly increased the accuracy, leading to the development of new self-assembling smart nanomaterials.
Researchers compared long-term quality-of-life outcomes in women with breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy versus mastectomy and reconstruction without radiation therapy. Mastectomy and reconstruction was associated with lower overall quality of life, but not physical function or mental health.
A $1000 cash incentive significantly increased COVID-19 vaccination rates among hesitant individuals, reaching 87 percent. The study highlights the effectiveness of monetary incentives in addressing collective action problems like vaccine hesitancy and climate change.
A new robot system enables automatic insertion of needles for prostate diagnosis and treatment, reducing trauma and improving success rates. The 8-joint robot uses a parallel structure for precise control and can be calibrated using particle swarm optimization.
Researchers have found that the meningococcal B vaccine is 33% effective against gonorrhoea in adolescents and young adults. The study aims to reduce not only gonorrhoea infection but also its long-term effects, such as infertility and blindness in babies born to infected mothers.
A new study by an international team of scientists links early human habitats to past climate shifts using a supercomputer model and fossil records. The research suggests that climate change played a central role in determining where different hominin groups lived and their remains were found.
Researchers have developed a compound that reduces pathogen virulence in rice without harming humans or the environment. This breakthrough has significant implications for combating bacterial pathogens in other crops.
Researchers characterized viral protein binding to sialic acids on animal and human coronaviruses, revealing host-specific patterns. This adaptation enables coronaviruses to quickly jump species, driving cross-species transmission.
A novel approach to understanding sponge evolution reveals two distinct microbiome compositions that led to different feeding strategies and predator protection. The discovery provides insights into the Earth's past and could reveal aspects of ancient ocean chemistry.
Researchers created edible tags with fluorescent silk proteins to track medications, providing a new way for consumers to verify authenticity. The codes are readable by a smartphone app and can be ingested without causing harm.
Researchers at Columbia Engineering and Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new high-resolution x-ray imaging technique to reveal the inner structure of novel nanomaterials. The tool, which provides 7nm resolution, has enabled them to study complex 3D architectures with unprecedented detail.
A team of researchers developed a novel chip-based infection model to study invasive aspergillosis, a mold infection that affects the lungs. The model allows for live microscopic observation of damage caused by fungal hyphae and the response of immune cells.
A new model shows combining face masks, distancing, and increased ventilation can reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection risk by more than 98% in most cases. The study found that layered controls are highly effective in curb exposure to COVID-19.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that late menopause, occurring at age 55 or older, significantly increases heart failure risk among obese women. Obesity was a major contributing factor, with the risk being greatest among women who experienced late menopause.
CHOP researchers have developed a targeted treatment that controls blood sugar in patients with hyperinsulinism, a genetic disease. The study found exendin-(9-39) reduces likelihood of fasting hypoglycemia by 76% and protein-induced hypoglycemia by 82%
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies found significant mental health benefits from physical activity, including a reduced risk of depression. The study suggests that even moderate levels of exercise can have a positive impact on mental well-being.
A new study suggests that exercise helps maintain brain health by keeping insulin and body mass index levels low. People with higher physical activity had a higher total volume of grey matter in their brains than those with less activity.
Patients with lower levels of sex hormones are more likely to undergo surgery for rotator cuff tears, according to a study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. Estrogen deficiency was associated with a 48% higher incidence of rotator cuff repair in women, while testosterone deficiency was linked to an 89% higher rate in men.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that cancer cells suppress a key enzyme in propionate metabolism, increasing production of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and causing cells to become more aggressive. This metabolic change may hold the key to understanding how tumors metastasize and developing novel therapies.
Researchers found that rhesus macaques with more grooming partners had larger brain areas for social decision-making and empathy, specifically the mid–superior temporal sulcus (STS) and ventral-dysgranular insula. The study suggests that social connections influence brain structure in nonhuman primates, with possible implications for h...
Dr. Kao, a renowned geriatrician, has created programs to serve older adults with advanced illnesses, tripling the capacity of UCSF's house calls program. She promotes diversity in geriatrics through her advocacy work and is an AGS member since 2007.
Researchers at MIT and NREL have designed a thermophotovoltaic cell that converts heat to electricity with over 40% efficiency, surpassing traditional steam turbines. The new design could enable a fully decarbonized power grid by storing excess energy from renewable sources.
Researchers found that different animal species, including humans, mice, giraffes, and tigers, accumulate similar numbers of genetic changes over their lifetime. The study supports the theory that somatic mutations play a role in ageing, with longer lifespan species experiencing slower mutation rates.
Researchers at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science found nintedanib inhibits GIST cell proliferation through KIT signaling pathway. Nintedanib also overcomes resistance caused by extracellular signal-regulated kinase reactivation and upregulation of fibroblast growth factor activity.
New research reveals that women with strokes often exhibit generalized symptoms such as confusion and weakness, potentially leading to delayed diagnoses. Women also face worse post-stroke outcomes, including increased institutionalization rates, compared to men.
Researchers at Charité, MDC, and FU Berlin have studied the mechanisms of action of antibody and dexamethasone treatments for COVID-19. They found that combination therapy is more effective in reducing viral activity and inflammation in lung tissue, suggesting a potential game-changer in treating severe cases.
A five-year, $13 million grant will investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of prion transmission in CWD. The researchers aim to understand the inter-species transmission potential of the disease and its ability to spread from animals to humans.
Researchers have found that treating prostate cancer cells with novel CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors reduces their potential to migrate into surrounding structures. This suggests a promising approach to overcome resistance against anti-androgenic therapy, offering new therapeutic options for patients with advanced disease.
Researchers at Rutgers University found disparities in palliative care and hospice referrals among minority patient groups, highlighting the need for standardized policies to improve access. The studies revealed that language barriers, economic status, and cultural differences contribute to these gaps in care.
Forewarning messages and annotations effectively raised study participants' awareness of potential bias in political news articles. The study found that visualizations can communicate bias, improving media bias awareness.
A new report estimates the total economic burden of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States to be over $85 billion, with direct medical costs reaching $63.3 billion and indirect non-medical costs totaling $22.1 billion. The average excess medical cost per person with MS was found to be $65,612.
A study of nearly a million adults in England found that those at risk of heart attack or stroke over the next 10 years are substantially more likely to become seriously unwell with COVID-19. People with elevated cardiovascular risk were six times as likely to die from COVID-19 and had three times the risk of hospitalization, according...
The 2022 APS Annual Convention will feature leading researchers on various aspects of human behavior, including substance abuse and mental health. Complimentary registration is available for working journalists to cover the convention.
A new cell therapy has shown promising results in slowing the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a rare genetic disorder. The treatment uses heart cells to improve skeletal muscle and heart function, offering a potential cure for advanced disease cases.
A study found that mothers in a 19th century Dutch village had low rates of breastfeeding, likely due to their busy work schedules and easy access to cow's milk. Researchers analyzed the remains of 277 individuals and found little evidence of breastfeeding, surprising given the community's cultural associations with breastfeeding.
Researchers have developed a new method to recover muscle mass in aged mice by injecting pericyte-derived extracellular vesicles into the muscles after disuse. This approach has shown promise in recovering skeletal muscle fiber size and remodeling the extracellular matrix, which supports muscle structure and growth.
A study from EPFL and the University of Lausanne developed a method to calculate which jobs are at risk of being automated by robots. The team created an algorithm that predicts the risk of automation for hundreds of jobs and suggests alternative careers with minimal retraining requirements.
Researchers found that alterations in gut microbiota can help treat pancreatic and hormonal dysfunction in diabetes patients. The study showed that antibiotics treatment can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce glucose intolerance in obese mice and humans.
A speed-of-light internet project aims to reduce network latency by routing data through the US, responding 10-100 times faster than current networks. If deployed, it could give 85% of Americans near-real time connectivity, revolutionizing online experiences.
Astronomers identify GNz7q, a dusty compact object with properties of both galaxies and quasars, born 750 million years after Big Bang. The discovery provides new insights into the rapid growth of supermassive black holes in early universe.
A study by University of Waterloo researchers identified areas such as player fatigue, mental stress, and peak performance conditions that require in-depth research to improve coaching and player performance. Professional esports players often practice for 12-14 hours a day, six days a week, leading to burnout and physical injuries.
A study by the University of Cincinnati suggests that transgender and gender diverse people can benefit from better-designed smartphone apps offering voice and communication training software. The app features identified as most critical include feedback, accountability, automated goal setting, and non-interactive elements like videos ...
Astronomers have identified a rapidly growing black hole in the early universe, GNz7q, which is considered a crucial 'missing link' between young star-forming galaxies and the first supermassive black holes. The team used Hubble data to determine that GNz7q existed just 750 million years after the big bang, with properties consistent w...
A new survey study finds that COVID-19 may have amplified prejudicial attitudes towards ethno-racial minorities in the US workforce. The study, published in PLOS ONE, suggests that workplace discrimination can exacerbate prejudice and have long-term impacts on minority groups.
Researchers found that human embryos express a vast variety of alternative mRNAs when they are just 8 cells old, leading to a temporary collapse of splicing regulation at the zygotic genome activation stage. This phenomenon is developmentally programmed and occurs because it is necessary for functional reasons, ultimately affecting DNA...
A new UC San Francisco study found that nearly half of young adults had mental health symptoms during the pandemic, with many unable to access therapy. The study highlights the importance of addressing barriers to care, including cost, stigma, and confidentiality concerns.
New research at Aston University found that pre-school children's emotional eating is influenced by their innate food drive and mothers' eating habits. The study suggests that parenting practices, such as using food as a reward or restriction, can contribute to emotional eating in young children.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology are pushing through technical barriers in organ printing by leveraging decades-old technique and computational modeling. The team aims to create any type of organ at any time, including skin on an open wound, using microfluidic bio-printing.
Research finds that historically redlined neighborhoods are burdened by excess oil and gas wells, leading to increased air and water pollution, noise, and stress. The study reveals a link between these exposure disparities and persistent social inequities in community environmental health.