A study of US adults found that short sleep duration and inconsistent sleep timing were associated with increased anxiety/depression symptoms and substance use. Participants who slept less than 6 hours a night had higher odds of these symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are testing a novel therapy that combines local laser ablation and immunostimulants to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer. The treatment aims to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells, with promising preliminary results in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials.
Patients aged ≥75 years with NVAF and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) have a higher risk of subsequent ischemic and hemorrhagic events compared to those without previous TIA. DOACs may offer lower bleeding risks for this population.
A Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy was associated with reduced preeclampsia risk, particularly among Black women. The study found that following this diet resulted in a significant reduction in the risk of developing preeclampsia, which is a major cause of complications and death for mothers and their unborn children.
A recent study found that native vegetation green roofs in New York City are more effective at managing stormwater runoff compared to conventional succulent-planted green roofs. The research used the Ranaqua green roof as a case study, which was constructed and monitored by the NYC Department of Parks & Recreation.
A recent study by NYU researchers reveals that our eyes stay focused on what we reach for due to a complex neurological process called gaze anchoring. By inhibiting eye movements, neurons in the brain enhance accuracy when grasping objects.
A seismic algorithm has been developed to detect and locate volcanic eruptions in near real-time. The algorithm was tested using the Hunga Tonga Ha'apai eruption, which ejected around 10 km³ of ash and lava, making it the largest explosive eruption of the 21st century.
Researchers found that non-biting midge larvae accumulate pesticides from polluted water and retain them into adulthood. Adult female midges have higher pesticide concentrations than males, which are transferred to their offspring. The study suggests that midges can be a source of pesticides in terrestrial ecosystems.
The Bird Language Diversity app provides a 'birds eye view' of vital information on bird species globally. Researchers found that 1587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions, highlighting the importance of overcoming language barriers for effective conservation measures.
Researchers used Chandra X-Ray Observatory to detect X-ray signatures of black holes in nuclear star clusters across 108 galaxies. The study found that above a certain mass and density threshold, these clusters emit x-ray signatures indicative of a black hole at twice the rate below the threshold.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have discovered a potential new target for treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) by understanding how two oncoproteins interact within cancer cells. The study found that beta-catenin and Wilms Tumour 1 proteins physically interact, impacting each other's oncogenic signalling activity.
New modelling shows China's demand for thermal and coking coal imports from Australia will dramatically drop by 26-45% between 2019 and 2025. This decline is driven by Beijing's plans for rapid decarbonisation and energy security, posing significant losses to major coal exporters like Australia.
A new study by Aston University reveals that Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) can improve their sustainability performance by adopting circular economy practices. The research found that SMEs in all participating countries are likely to achieve higher environmental performance through CE adoption, with products, processes, and...
A team of scientists creates ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a monolayer semiconductor by designing plasmon-exciton polaritons, achieving strong interactions and great tunability. This breakthrough enables high-speed all-optical switching and energy-efficient data processing at room temperature.
Researchers developed a new method of deep brain stimulation driven by motor cortical activity to treat Parkinson's disease. This approach, known as adaptive DBS (aDBS), uses γ2 band activity from the primary motor cortex to modulate stimulation parameters and reduce battery consumption.
A new study found that opioid-related mortality rates in Ontario, Canada, have shifted downward to peak in the mid-30s among males and females. The study analyzed high-frequency data from 2003 to 2020 and hypothesizes that opioid-related mortality among younger adults will continue to grow.
Dr. Kristen Fortney will present her research on data-informed drug discovery and clinical development for therapies targeting aging at the 9th Aging Research and Drug Discovery conference. The presentation aims to unlock opportunities to treat or prevent diseases of aging by targeting molecular pathways that impact healthy human aging.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that altering macrophage metabolism influences their relationship with T cells, suppressing tumor growth and reducing overall tumor size. The study found PERK protein's involvement in key metabolic pathways and identified a potential clinical drug inhibitor to target it.
Researchers found that gamification increased daily steps by an average of 647 for postpartum individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The study, published in JAMA Cardiology, demonstrates the effectiveness of text-based gamification interventions to improve physical activity among high-risk postpartum women.
The 44th AChemS meeting investigates how COVID-19 affects olfactory function, leading to significant symptomology and quality of life impacts. Researchers will discuss recent findings on chemosensory testing and COVID-19, as well as the relationship between smell and depression.
New research suggests that ADCC responses and strain susceptibility influence HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission during breastfeeding. Enhancing ADCC through a vaccine may not be sufficient to prevent transmission due to chronically infected individuals' ADCC-resistant strains.
Outpatient antibiotic prescribing in Australia decreased significantly during the pandemic, with a 38% drop in winter 2020 compared to pre-pandemic years. The reduction was predominantly due to decreases in GP prescribing and targeted public education efforts.
A recent study published in Nature found that people with Alzheimer's have more newly acquired mutations in their neurons, leading to permanent DNA damage. The researchers discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in this process, which can be triggered by inflammation and immune reactions.
A doctor's visit from the future describes patient care in 2042, where diagnosis and treatment are personalized based on individual biological abnormalities. Researchers believe this approach could lead to more effective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers developed global forecasts that can provide up to a year's notice of marine heatwaves, which can dramatically affect ocean ecosystems. The forecasts help fishing fleets, ocean managers, and coastal communities anticipate the effects of marine heatwaves, reducing ecological and economic impacts.
The review discusses optimization strategies for multifunctional graphene-based composite photocatalysts, including decreasing defect density, chemical doping, and depositing cocatalysts. Graphene plays a crucial role in enhancing light absorption, electron transfer dynamics, and surface reactions.
Researchers developed a blood test to detect circulating melanoma cells, which can help diagnose skin cancer and monitor treatment response. The test uses the Melanoma-specific OncoBean platform conjugated with melanoma-specific antibodies.
Researchers found a significant shift in gut microbiota and metabolites associated with altitude-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Probiotics treatment improved the condition by altering the abundance of certain microbe genera.
Researchers explored Magdalenian engraved plaquette use at Montastruc (France) using experimental and digital techniques. The findings suggest that these ancient artworks were likely used to appear as if moving in the firelight.
The study suggests that Venus' atmosphere plays a crucial role in determining its rotation speed, with fast winds dragging along the surface and slowing it down. This has significant consequences for the sweltering Venusian climate, with average temperatures of up to 900 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers analyzed food-grade nylon bags and single-use beverage cups, finding that they release trillions of nanoparticles per liter when exposed to hot water. The average size of these nanoparticles was between 30-80 nanometers, with concentrations seven times higher from nylon bags than from beverage cups.
A new study assesses the degree and duration of protection against COVID-19 associated with natural immunity in 120,000 unvaccinated individuals. Researchers found that those who previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had lower rates of subsequent COVID-19 infections.
Two studies from Ohio State University analyze the impact of proposed abortion bans on access to care, revealing that residents may need to travel up to triple the distance for services. The research highlights the exacerbation of health inequities and the challenges faced by patients with limited financial resources.
Researchers from The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio have identified 33 genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, doubling the known list. This discovery adds 42 new genetic variants to the existing gene list, shedding light on emerging pathways of Alzheimer's biology and potential treatment targets.
Researchers analyzed ancient corn roots to understand the transformation of wild grass teosinte into modern corn. The study found that early corn specimens lacked seminal roots, a key adaptation for drought tolerance, and had different root anatomy than modern corn.
A study published in Current Biology found that consuming non-essential amino acids can curb appetite and encourage physical activity in mice. This mechanism is thought to be rooted in evolutionary history, where eating these amino acids promoted the urge to seek out more nutrient-rich food sources.
A University of Houston program successfully reduces social isolation among seniors by connecting them with UH students in social work and nursing. Weekly telephone interactions establish trust, resulting in a decrease in loneliness and an increase in participants' well-being.
The ESMO Breast Cancer Congress 2022 event will present more than 200 studies on various aspects of breast cancer, including new treatments and innovative clinical practices. The congress will be held onsite in Berlin, Germany, and online, offering a platform for breast cancer specialists to share knowledge and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at TU Darmstadt found that x-rays trigger a calcium signalling cascade in T-cells, stimulating the immune response. This discovery could lead to improved cancer treatment by enhancing the killing effect of ionising radiation on tumour cells.
Researchers have discovered a combination therapy that can delay sarcopenia, a condition where muscles shrink and strength declines with age. Calorie restriction and rapamycin have been shown to have additive benefits in mice, promoting healthy muscle function and physical capability.
Researchers developed micro-sized machines utilizing swarming strategy for cargo delivery, outperforming single robots with efficiency of up to five times. The team created a swarm of cooperating robots that can divide workload and respond to risks, expanding potential uses for microrobots.
A recent study led by Goethe University found no evidence that specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play a role in inflammation resolution. Instead, the transformation of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages is thought to be the key mechanism. This discovery challenges the existing SPM conce...
A new study found that people with sleep apnea are more likely to engage in risky driving behaviors such as speeding and hard braking. The researchers monitored the driving habits of 96 older adults under real-world conditions and collected data on over 100,000 trips. They also assessed cognitive impairments and molecular signs of earl...
A recent randomized controlled trial found that an online decision aid can help older adults decide whether and when to stop driving. The tool, called Healthwise DDA, had high acceptability and reduced negative feelings about the process among participants. It may help older adults make informed decisions about their driving abilities.
Researchers at Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation have developed a flexible, antibacterial conductive hydrogel-ePatch that accelerates wound healing with minimal side effects. The e-Patch uses silver nanowires and alginate to promote cell proliferation and migration, resulting in faster wound closure and reduced scarring.
Scientists have developed novel methods to study human brain cell migration during fetal development by tracking genetic mutations in healthy adult individuals. This allows for the first time to reconstruct brain development and provide key findings on cell type origins and hemisphere separation.
A new analysis of 23 studies identified factors influencing birth setting decisions in the US, including safety, media influence, and access to options. The study highlights the importance of building a comprehensive system of high-quality perinatal health for equitable access to all birth settings.
Researchers found that somatic mutations accumulated at a faster rate in Alzheimer's disease patients' brain cells, leading to DNA damage and dysfunction. This discovery provides a window into the molecular events of AD pathogenesis, potentially leading to novel treatments targeting these pathways.
Researchers developed a catalyst using graphdiyne and Cu single atoms, achieving high turnover frequencies and selectivity for benzene oxidation to phenol. The unique structure of graphdiyne enables uniform anchoring of Cu single atoms, resulting in improved catalytic performance.
The April issue of GEN Biotechnology features a study analyzing the safety of food and milk from gene-edited livestock, finding no significant differences in growth, health or development. The authors suggest regulatory product composition studies should be hypothesis-driven and risk-based.
The study found that restricting arm motion had a negligible effect on sprint time, with only a 1.6 percent difference from normal arm movement. Runners compensate for restricted arm swing by rotating their torso to maintain a forward-facing orientation.
A new study identified a protein similar to eukaryotic tubulins in Asgard archaea, which may represent an evolutionary intermediate between prokaryotic FtsZ and eukaryotic microtubule-forming tubulins. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of chromosome segregation in eukaryotes.
A global study reveals that protected areas can have a positive impact on biodiversity, but only if managed properly. The research found that larger protected areas tend to be more effective in conserving species and their habitats, highlighting the need for better management strategies.
Researchers at the University of Georgia developed a model to prioritize land conservation in the Upper Chattahoochee Watershed, which provides drinking water to 95 cities. The model considers ecosystem services like water, carbon, and habitat, and favors higher connectivity among parcels of land.
A recent study by Cornell University researchers found that women's earnings drop substantially after childbirth, with the gap widening across all education levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this issue, making it more challenging for mothers to restart their careers and leading to worse hiring prospects and wage penalties.
A University of Arkansas professor is developing learning algorithms for building fair decision models in both offline and online learning settings. He will utilize Pearl's Structural Causal Model to analyze causal effects from observational data and propose universal formulations for measuring long-term fairness.
Former Notre Dame football players from 1964-80 teams found to have higher risk of brain disorders like CTE and ALS compared to general population. However, the study also reveals positive long-term health outcomes in former college players with lower mortality rates and fewer cases of lung cancer and heart disease.
A new study found that following a Mediterranean-style diet can lower the risk of preeclampsia by at least 20% in pregnant women. The research surveyed over 8,000 women and found that racial differences in rates of preeclampsia were more related to socioeconomic factors than genetic or biological ones.
A novel inhibitor has been discovered that stalls a critical enzyme inside tumour cells, locking them in place and preventing invasion into healthy tissue. The findings hold promise for the development of metastasis-blocking agents.
Researchers from Osaka University proposed a comprehensive ethical framework and practical guidance for communicating with research participants through the Internet. The framework addresses issues such as participant recruitment, informed consent, and data protection, aiming to improve future practice in medical research.