A team of researchers at Indian Institute of Science has identified an alternative technique to produce metal powders for 3D printing, side-stepping the problems with atomisation. The new method uses surface grinding to create spherical powders with comparable quality to commercial gas atomised powders.
Researchers exposed female mice to DiNP doses simulating occupational and infant exposure, finding inflammation, tissue damage, and altered gut microbiota. The study highlights the need for further research into long-term effects of DiNP on colon health.
A recent UCLA study found that the injury rate for e-scooter riders in Los Angeles is higher than the national rates for motorcycle, bicycle, car, and pedestrian injuries. The study estimates 115 injuries per 1 million e-scooter rides, highlighting a growing risk as e-scooters proliferate globally.
Researchers developed an evolution-guided atomic design approach to design functional proteins, eliminating destabilizing mutations and preserving key sequences. The method uses natural backbone and sequence constraints to stabilize active sites and reduce computational complexity.
A 12-year longitudinal study in Israel reveals that controlling stray cat populations requires continuous and intensive neutering of at least 70% of street cats. The study also suggests implementing a policy to control cat food resources, ensuring cats are properly fed before neutering, to mitigate rebound effects.
Researchers engineered injectable microtissue containing motor and sensory neurons to provide a source of axons to muscles, preventing degeneration and loss of function while nerves regrow. The technology shows promise to improve recovery of sensory and motor function after peripheral nerve injuries.
Electrical synapses play a vital role in brain function and stability, influencing individual nerve cell activity. In Drosophila, researchers found electrical synapses occur in almost all brain areas, affecting visual processing and neuron stability.
Patients with serious illnesses seek cosmetic procedures to maintain their physical and mental well-being, as well as to become comfortable in social settings. The study found that these procedures are often chosen for noninvasive treatments and endorsed by doctors, friends, and family.
A new study found California's GVRO law had no impact on reducing firearm violence in San Diego County during its first four years. The researchers suggest individual-level benefits may exist for those directly affected by the law.
Planetary scientist Roger Wiens has equipped the Perseverance rover with a microphone and laser technology to analyze rocks and record sounds on Mars. This innovation opens up new avenues for research, including studying Martian geology, wind patterns, and dust devils.
A clinical trial reveals that lamivudine, a widely used HIV treatment, halted disease progression in 28% of patients with fourth-line metastatic colorectal cancer. The study suggests an unexpected promising direction for cancer treatment and encourages the exploration of pairing reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy with immunotherapy.
Scientists have developed a method using DNA from blood meals of blood-sucking leeches to survey vertebrate species in large areas. The study, led by Harvard researchers, identified 86 vertebrate species in the reserve, including near-threatened and threatened species.
The new eye detection system allows for clear iris image capture from 2m away and can process over 700 frames per second, enabling real-time biometric identification. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize security and access control in various settings.
Researchers found that healthy companion animals and their owners can transmit antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes to each other, highlighting the importance of hygiene practices around pets. The study suggests that even low-level shedding of bacteria by healthy carriers can pose a risk to vulnerable individuals.
A new study analyzes knowledge transfers across 853 US counties in five manufacturing industries, revealing the importance of local environment, university research, and industry structure for innovation. The findings provide insights into inter- and intra-regional flows, as well as the role of external factors in knowledge output.
Researchers found that modeling studies have been assuming colonoscopies are more accurate than they really are, detecting fewer small adenomas. However, colonoscopy still appears effective in finding precursors of cancer.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that COVID-19 vaccination still expands T-cell memory and immune activation in individuals who have already experienced the virus, even if they were infected first. Vaccination also helps protect against new strains of the virus.
A recent study has found a link between high carbohydrate intake and the diversity of oral bacteria in postmenopausal women. The researchers also discovered associations between sugar consumption and certain types of gum disease, such as gingivitis. These findings suggest that diet may play a role in the development of periodontal dise...
A recent study found that US trees generate a total of $114 billion annually in ecosystem services, with carbon storage and air quality regulation contributing 51% and 37% respectively. The most valuable tree species are pine and oak, but face growing threats from climate change and pests.
A study of 273,240 women found that life events influencing estrogen levels may be linked to a higher risk of dementia. Ever having been pregnant or having had an abortion was associated with a lower risk, while early or late menopause increased the risk.
A study by TUM confirms that physically fit primary school pupils perform better in terms of concentration and health-related quality of life. The results show a positive correlation between physical fitness, concentration, and overall well-being.
Researchers found that about 10% of Canadians with a history of mental illness met thriving criteria, compared to 24% of those without. People with a history of substance-use disorders were more likely to thrive than those with bipolar disorder or other conditions.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University discovered that fruit fly eyes can distinguish six types of global motion patterns generated by self-motion. The T4/T5 cell subtypes directly represent complex motion cues rather than uniform directions, matching the fly's actual behavior closely.
Researchers have discovered 15 genomic loci that either accelerate or decelerate brain aging, offering potential new drug targets to combat Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative brain disorders. The study, led by USC researchers, found overlap with genes involved in depression, schizophrenia, and cognitive functioning.
Researchers at Shinshu University have elucidated a new molecular mechanism controlling the survival of cerebral nerve cells. Neurexin regulates cerebellar granule cell survival independently of synapses, playing a crucial role in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
The review highlights the importance of regulatory frameworks, equity, ethics, accountability, and governance in digital health initiatives. The future of digital health in LMICs may be tied to securing public-private partnerships to address concerns around data safety, confidentiality, and access.
A new study analyzed brown dog ticks, canine and human infections, and climatic data to understand how Rocky Mountain spotted fever spreads. The research found that the vectoring capacity of the brown dog tick may be spreading outside its known region, putting a larger portion of the country at risk.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have discovered a physical mechanism that causes high doses of antibiotics to promote the spread of antibiotic resistance between bacteria. The culprit is an overabundance of 'jumping genes,' called transposons, which carry genetic instructions for resistance from cell's source code to plasmids.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered that certain RNA molecules called tDRs released by cells in response to stress can serve as markers of cellular stress in different diseases. The study created an atlas of stress signatures for tDRs, which can be used to diagnose and understand various conditions.
A new framework by Stanford University could help policymakers spend billions on federal infrastructure funding more wisely. The study optimizes hourly demand and supply of power and water with integrated neighborhood-based power and water plants, significantly reducing costs and pollution.
A new study reveals that greater left-brain asymmetry is related to both better and average performance on reading ability tests, depending on the analysis method used. The findings support two opposing theories of language processing, suggesting a complex relationship between brain structure and speech sound processing.
Australian and Asian researchers have used a simulation of a new experimental technique to determine accurate electron cross-sections in liquid using a micro-jet of water, paving the way for more efficient plasma-liquid models. This proof-of-concept model uses machine learning and Monte Carlo training data to enhance predictive power.
Studies in mice show that immune cells prevent stem cell repair after volumetric muscle loss, a common type of injury such as gunshot wounds or car accidents. This understanding could lead to new treatment strategies and potentially restore function and prevent limb loss.
Researchers have found that two sugar substitutes, acesulfame potassium and sucralose, inhibit the activity of P-glycoprotein, a vital protein in liver detoxification. This can lead to impaired transport of toxins and drugs, potentially affecting people taking certain medications. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
SwRI scientists studied particle population and auroral emissions on Jupiter, confirming a decade-old theory that electrons accelerated in both directions create the multi-spot dance of auroral footprints. The research also provided insights into the interaction between Ganymede's magnetic field and Jupiter's massive magnetosphere.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that certain reproductive events, such as shorter estrogen exposure, may be associated with increased dementia risk in women. However, the association between the number of children and dementia risk was similar for women and men, suggesting social and behavioral factors may play a role.
A study published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology reveals that geosmin, a common soil contaminant, acts as an aposematic signal to deter bacteria-eating worms like C. elegans from poisonous microbes. The researchers found that geosmin triggers the worm's sense of taste, warning it of potential danger.
Dr. Philip D. Greenberg has been elected as the American Association for Cancer Research President-Elect for 2022-2023. He will work to harness advances in cancer research and translate them for patient benefit, with a focus on addressing disparities in minority engagement.
Researchers discovered that dogs have faster muscle fibers than wolves, enabling greater facial mobility and effective communication with humans. The study also found an additional mimetic muscle contributing to the 'puppy-dog eye' expression in dogs.
A recent study published in Molecular Therapy Nucleic Acids found that the molecule urocortin-2 may regulate recovery processes after a heart attack by modulating miR-29a. Treatment with urocortin-2 could favor patient recovery by regulating apoptosis and fibrosis.
A new study finds that emergency Caesarean sections are associated with increased inflammation in the placenta, which may compromise a baby's long-term health and development. The research also reveals sex differences in inflammatory gene expression between male and female babies born via C-section versus vaginal delivery.
A new technique developed at the University of Birmingham uses electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain activity in patients before surgery, predicting their likelihood of severe pain after recovery. This allows clinicians to plan additional preventative pain medication and potentially reduce chronic symptoms.
A new early warning detection system implemented at a hospital reduced medical emergencies and mortality rates by detecting subtle changes in patients' vital signs and cardiac rhythm. The system, which includes real-time alerts and collaboration between nurses, aims to improve the quality of care delivered to critically ill patients.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a scaling law that determines high-order harmonic generation in the perovskite material Ca2RuO4. The phenomenon, which was first observed in atomic gas systems, has been found to be highly dependent on temperature and gap energy.
A Danish cohort study reveals people with epilepsy die significantly earlier than the general population, with excess mortality pronounced among those with mental disorders. The study's findings have important implications for healthcare professionals and highlight the need for targeted preventive efforts to reduce mortality.
Glioblastomas, the deadliest brain cancer, have evaded immune cells by promoting immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Researchers identified S100A4 as a key molecule that can selectively target these immune suppressive cells. This discovery paves the way for new therapeutic strategies to restore antitumor action in glioblastoma patients.
Researchers have developed high-performance energy storage and harvesting devices using coconut husk biowaste, achieving 16-fold higher voltage generation and 12-fold higher current generation compared to conventional devices. The devices also show potential for monitoring human breathing patterns in real-time.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed AI-enhanced museum exhibits that increased learning and engagement for elementary school-aged children. The intelligent exhibits featured a virtual assistant, NoRilla, which interacted with visitors, asking questions and guiding them through scientific challenges.
A new study by UCLA researchers found that a specialized primary care medical home improved the care and treatment of patients with serious mental illness, resulting in better mental health-related quality of life. The patient-centered medical home model provided comprehensive, coordinated care among patients and their clinicians, lead...
Scientists create nanoparticles coated in mannose to block production of scar-promoting protein in lung cells. The treatment holds promise for preventing severe lung scarring disease.
A Rutgers study suggests the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) overestimates concussions and incorrectly identifies symptoms caused by intense exercise. The researchers found that players without a head impact exhibited similar symptoms to those with a concussion, highlighting the need for further studies on better assessing conc...
A novel 'rational' neural network reveals underlying mathematical equations through Green's functions, enabling humans to understand machine-generated findings. This breakthrough in partial differential equation learning holds promise for advancing scientific exploration of weather systems, climate change, and more.
A new approach for measuring physician adherence to best practices has been developed, taking into consideration patient characteristics and physician training background. The study found that pulmonary and critical care medicine training was associated with higher recognition of ARDS, a form of lung failure.
A 15-year study by University of Virginia researchers shows that restored oyster reefs can match natural reef populations in about six years and continue to thrive thereafter. The study's findings suggest that restoration can catalyze rapid recovery of imperiled coastal habitats and help reverse decades of degradation.
Researchers at Aarhus University review 20 years of music and brain research, revealing music's unique property of using expectations to influence behavior and emotions. The study explores how music activates the brain's reward system through dopamine release and explains music processing mechanisms.
Researchers propose a novel pathway to realizing hot carrier solar cells, which can exceed the typical efficiency limit on solar cells. The approach involves isolating hot carriers within higher energy valleys in semiconductors, reducing energy loss to heat.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore have developed a sustainable, pollen-based 'paper' that can be printed on and reused multiple times. The paper's non-toxic properties make it an attractive alternative to conventional wood-based paper, which has a significant environmental impact.
Researchers found that social bee parasites and their host species have similar rates of evolution, contrary to predictions. This unexpected finding suggests that smaller population sizes may not hinder a parasite's ability to adapt and survive.
Dr. Kelley's work focuses on improving care quality for older adults with serious illness, promoting patient-centered healthcare services and policies. She has introduced innovations to account for costs, considering out-of-pocket expenses and family caregiver labor.
A new study found that Black people with diabetes were more likely to develop life-threatening complications like diabetic ketoacidosis during the pandemic. The disparity persisted even before the COVID-19 pandemic and was present in 45% of Black people, compared to 16% of White people.