A new catalyst developed by researchers extracts hydrogen from liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) easily and efficiently. The breakthrough offers a promising solution to adopting hydrogen fuel for transportation, addressing a long-standing challenge.
Climate change is threatening African cultural and natural heritage sites, with 56 of 284 sites identified as highly exposed to extreme sea levels and erosion. The number of affected sites is projected to triple by 2050 under high emissions scenarios, highlighting the need for urgent climate change adaptation measures.
Researchers have found a way to modify carbon nanotubes to meet the requirements of novel electronic devices. The team discovered that exposure to plasma or shortening tube lengths leads to a drop in conductivity at low terahertz frequencies, but at high enough frequencies electrons move freely.
A study found that chemotherapy can trigger cancer metastasis by altering lung tissue and creating a supportive environment for cancer cells. The researchers discovered that the LOX enzyme's increased secretion by immune cells can lead to this phenomenon, which is relevant to other drugs and cancers.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a new class of potential drug targets for neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Oxidized proteins, such as Hsp90, can trigger cell death, and targeting these molecules may slow illness progression without side effects.
Scientists have identified a novel chemical defense mechanism in tobacco plants that provides permanent resistance to Empoasca leafhopper pests. The study revealed a new volatile compound called caffeoylputrescine-green-leaf-volatile compound (CPH) responsible for this resistance.
A new study compares outcomes for acute ischemic stroke patients treated at various levels of stroke centers, finding that Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSC) and Thrombectomy-capable Stroke Centers (TSC) provide better care and improved outcomes. Patients treated at CSC or TSC tend to receive rapid treatment with clot-busting medicatio...
Researchers have discovered two new and unusual species of diatoms that fix nitrogen, a critical process supporting productivity in nutrient-poor open ocean waters. These diatoms harbor symbiotic cyanobacteria that convert dissolved nitrogen gas into ammonia, enabling them to thrive in nutrient-poor conditions.
Research at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that the circadian system influences the immune cells' clearance of Amyloid-Beta 42, a key protein linked to Alzheimer's disease. Boosting daily oscillations could increase clearance and prevent brain damage.
Sea urchin larvae exhibit a cilia-based response and swim backward when exposed to strong irradiation, revealing a subtle yet crucial mechanism in the evolution of light-responsive tissues. This finding provides insights into the diversification of light-response systems and may have implications for understanding human behavior or fee...
A University of Illinois study discovered that cadherin proteins can sense mechanical stress and alter cell communication, promoting tissue growth and tumorigenesis. The findings suggest a potential mechanism for preventing certain types of tissue growth by mutating cadherin molecules.
Scientists at Scripps Research identified a common target on the spike protein of multiple coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, that can be targeted by a broad-spectrum vaccine. The discovery could inform the design of effective vaccines and antibody therapies against future coronavirus pandemics.
A study published in AGU Advances found that water depletion from rivers and lakes accelerates near urban centers due to factors like increased evaporation and groundwater exploitation. Researchers analyzed satellite imagery of the US from 1984 to 2018 and developed a model predicting surface water loss proximity to cities.
A study by New York University researchers found that plants make a trade-off between regeneration and defense responses after injury. The researchers used drugs typically used in neurobiology research to study the plant's responses to injury and found that targeting glutamate receptors can boost regeneration.
Researchers at Drexel University have developed a stable sulfur cathode that functions in a commercially viable carbonate electrolyte, enabling Li-S batteries with three times the capacity of Li-ion batteries and lasting over 4,000 recharges. This breakthrough paves the way for more sustainable battery alternatives.
Researchers developed a new technique using radar altimetry to measure river ice thickness and predict safe travel dates on ice roads and bridges in arctic regions. This method can help sustain the network of ice roads built on frozen lakes and rivers, critical for northern communities' food security.
New research reveals that asteroid Ryugu samples brought back by Hayabusa2 spacecraft exhibit similar properties to the asteroid's larger boulders. The samples' colors, shapes, and structures are consistent with material surrounding each collection site on Ryugu's surface and sub-surface.
The anticholinergic burden scale helps identify patients at risk of cognitive decline from these medications. The editorial highlights the complexity of safely reducing or stopping these medications due to their risks.
Researchers created two new prediction tools for patients with CKD, incorporating factors such as long-term blood sugar, inflammation, and kidney/heart injury. The models improve risk classification for stroke and heart attack within 10 years compared to standard models.
A new study found that only 57% of Georgia pharmacies carry Plan B, while less than 1% carry the more effective ulipristal acetate. Rural pharmacies were less likely to have Plan B, highlighting existing disparities in reproductive health care access.
Researchers have developed a new system called Species Agnostic Nanoparticle Delivery Screening (SANDS) that improves the screening process for drug-delivering nanoparticles. SANDS allows for simultaneous testing of nanoparticles in mouse, primate, and human cells, enabling more accurate predictions of delivery in humans.
Three University of Exeter researchers Dr Jasmine Ono, Dr Luis Yanez Guerra and Dr Jane Usher have been awarded BBSRC Discovery Fellowships for innovative research in biotechnology and biological sciences. They will focus on improving scientific knowledge to develop better treatments for human fungal pathogens and understanding the ori...
A young diplodocid dinosaur with abnormal bony protrusions in its neck bones may have suffered from a fungal respiratory infection similar to aspergillosis. The study provides the first evidence of an avian-style respiratory infection in a non-avian dinosaur.
A new study found that rural counties had 2.4 times more infections per 100,000 people than urban areas during the third wave of COVID-19 in summer 2021, driven primarily by the delta variant. Low-vaccination areas experienced a more intense surge of new cases.
Researchers developed GaN-based CMOS logic circuits that can reduce power consumption in power conversion systems by 20-30%. The technology offers improved thermal management and energy efficiency, making it suitable for high-performance applications like data centers and autonomous driving.
Seventy- to eighty-year-olds who train for better fitness demonstrate better problem-solving skills and reduced cognitive decline. Regular physical activity is linked to increased brain health, including faster reaction times and improved working memory.
Researchers at Uppsala University have designed a molecule that inhibits the replication of coronaviruses, including the new variant, with great potential for developing an antiviral drug. The molecule has been shown to be effective against both old and new variants, offering hope for treatment options.
Researchers found that the primary somatosensory cortex, traditionally thought to be a basic sensory center, plays a deeper role in decision-making and facilitates flexible behavior with experience. The study suggests an expanded role for this brain area in adaptive strategies.
Researchers introduce a genetic mutation that reduces Alzheimer's risk by preventing amyloid plaque formation. The mutation, found in Icelanders, has no known disadvantage and may be used to treat familial and sporadic forms of the disease.
Researchers identified three KCTD proteins that modulate neurotransmitter activity, enabling fine-tuned movement. Their elimination enhances cAMP production and sensitivity to dopamine in neurons.
Researchers assessed the link between primary care physicians per capita and COVID-19 vaccination rates among U.S. counties, finding a positive correlation. The study suggests that areas with more primary care physicians tend to have higher vaccination rates, potentially due to increased access to healthcare services.
A new study suggests that wildfires can lead to increased soil carbon stocks in savannahs and grasslands, potentially offsetting short-term emissions. The research found that fires could store up to 90 million tonnes of carbon per year, but the breakdown rate of charcoal in soils remains uncertain.
A study of over 2,000 participants found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients reported an average of 3.5 problematic symptoms after a year, with physical symptoms declining and cognitive symptoms remaining constant. The research highlights the importance of addressing TBI-related symptoms in patients' daily lives.
A new review introduces methods of photonic matrix multiplication, which offers great potential for photonic acceleration in AI applications. The technology has advantages in signal rate, latency, power consumption, and computing density over electrical computing.
A new study by the University of Arizona has identified a brain region and neural circuitry that mediate satiation, making it possible to create treatments with fewer side effects for eating disorders and weight management. The parasubthalamic nucleus plays a key role in regulating feelings of fullness after eating.
A new study reveals that online social network algorithms can distort and amplify biases against minority groups, leading to unequal visibility and ranking. Researchers found that homophily and the proportion of minorities in a network can contribute to this effect.
A UCF-led team has created a self-powered injection jet shunt that uses the heart's energy to alleviate internal pressure caused by Fontan circulation. The device shows promise in reducing mortality rates for babies born with one functioning heart ventricle.
The study analyzes the costs and effectiveness of climate change adaptation measures in agriculture, highlighting integration of different techniques as a key factor. Climate smart agriculture and conservation agriculture can provide benefits in terms of both adaptation and mitigation of climate change.
A study reveals that the roller crimper technique improves agroecological crop performance, reduces environmental impact, and protects biodiversity. The technique creates a layer of plant waste on the crop surface without perturbing the soil.
A new study found that pollutants can be transmitted over many generations in water fleas, persisting long enough to influence the evolutionary process. The effects of low doses of pollutants were detected even after switching to clean water, indicating stable epigenetic marks passed down through generations.
A new UF study found that climate change intensifies the negative effects of invasive plants on longleaf pine trees, making them more vulnerable to drought and wildfires. The experiment showed that trees under stress from both drought and invasive cogongrass were least likely to survive after fire.
Researchers used a COLTRIMS reaction microscope to determine the duration of an electron's release after photon absorption. The study found that the emission time depends on the direction and velocity of the electron, revealing a complex interplay between quantum physics and molecular dynamics.
Researchers discovered that nerves in the intestines regulate gut acidity to maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria. They used zebrafish with genetic mutations to study the connection between the enteric nervous system and microbial communities.
Pusan National University researchers demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating a radiative cooler with a multi-junction solar cell, achieving a 6°C temperature drop and a 2% increase in open-circuit voltage. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and eco-friendly solar cells, paving the way for renewable energy sources.
A team of astronomers has discovered a massive cluster of young galaxies forming in the early universe, with many member galaxies already stopped forming stars. The newly found growing galactic metropolis is about 11.8 billion light-years away and consists of at least 38 member galaxies.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine has found that gene variants increased the risk of acute kidney injury and death in African American veterans hospitalized with COVID-19. The study, which analyzed data from over 850,000 diverse veterans, identified APOL1 variants as a key contributor to this increased risk.
Scientists have developed a genetically encoded biosensor called OxLight1, which enables them to study the action and release mechanisms of neuropeptides like orexin in living mice. The researchers found that the level of orexin release correlates with neuronal activity, revealing previously invisible aspects of healthy brain function.
A new material, sodium carbo-hydridoborate, improves the performance of solid-state sodium batteries, making them more sustainable and durable. The ideal pressure to be applied to the battery for efficient operation has also been defined.
A new US-based study published in PLOS Biology found that most people who have had COVID-19 are protected against reinfection for at least six months. The research analyzed data from 4,441 SpaceX employees and estimated an odds ratio of 0.14 to 0.28 for reinfection depending on the time period considered.
Dudney's pioneering work in solid-state battery materials has led to the development of high-performance, long-lasting batteries with improved safety and performance. Her innovations have been licensed by 24 companies and recognized globally as a role-model in energy storage materials research.
A new study found that one dose of ivermectin was just as effective as two doses in reducing scabies prevalence and impetigo cases. The 'screen-and-treat' approach using permethrin cream was also effective, but impractical for large-scale implementation.
Astronomers have detected a new planet orbiting Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our Solar System, with a mass comparable to that of Earth. The newly discovered planet, named Proxima d, orbits its star at just five days, within the habitable zone.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that the majority of citizens trust science, with a significant increase in trust since the pandemic began. The study also revealed that educational level is a key factor in shaping trust judgment, and that scientists' intentions and expertise are crucial in maintaining public trust.
Researchers discovered guard cell chloroplasts do not produce ATP through photosynthesis. Instead, they utilize imported cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening, revealing a unique energy source for these critical cellular processes.
Researchers have discovered a potential new diagnostic marker for ulcerative colitis, identifying high levels of antibodies targeted at endothelial protein C receptors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The discovery could lead to the development of non-invasive blood tests to diagnose and track the progression of the disease.
A new study found that calorie restriction improves metabolic and immune responses, generating more T cells to fight off infections and improve energy efficiency. This could lead to a potential treatment to reduce age-related inflammation and improve metabolic health.
A new study reveals that early echinoderm body shape evolution outpaced ecological innovation, contradicting long-standing expectations. The researchers found that morphological diversification occurred at a rate of 71% faster than ecological evolution during the Cambrian and Ordovician periods.
The detection of high-frequency gravitational waves would offer insights into the early Universe's phases, inaccessible to electromagnetic wave investigations. Currently, technological challenges limit the sensitivity of proposed projects to six orders of magnitude lower.
A study found that previous COVID-19 infection improves the performance of antibodies and potentially provides longer-term protection, especially in obese individuals. In contrast, vaccination does not enhance antibody quality and may not provide sustained immunity in those who have been previously infected or overweight.
A new study by UTSW researchers found that giving clot-busting drug alteplase to stroke patients on long-term blood thinners is safe and improves recoveries. The study of over 160,000 patients revealed no increased risk of bleeding, but rather better outcomes for those treated with the drug.
Researchers predict LISA will detect new fundamental fields, shedding light on dark matter and the universe's expansion. The space interferometer will observe gravitational waves from extreme mass-ratio inspirals, providing a unique opportunity to probe strong-field gravity.
Researchers found that hemoglobin, an oxygen carrier molecule, acts as a chemosensory signal in lactating mother mice, prompting digging or rearing behavior to protect their offspring. This unique response is mediated by the Vmn2r88 receptor and is controlled by the specific ligand-receptor pair comprising hemoglobin binding to Vmn2r88.
KAUST researchers simulate microgrid cyberattacks to assess impact and develop detection methods. Effective methods identify anomalous conditions associated with attacks, enabling swift isolation of affected subsystems.
Researchers linked El Niño to decreased enslaved Africans transported to the Americas due to drier conditions, indicating a two-year lag. The study highlights the interplay between weather and human conflict, with lessons applicable to modern-day climate change and potential conflicts.
Researchers found that 37% of lions and 22% of leopards in Zambia have wire snare injuries, while 27% of lions have shotgun pellet embeds. The study suggests poaching and land protection threats are significant in protected areas.
A recent study by Boston College and Michigan researchers found that checking credit scores can have unexpected consequences, particularly for consumers with declining credit score trends. These consumers are more likely to see their scores decline after checking, with a drop of up to 23 points.
Researchers found that societies without written languages could still be large and complex, but those with elaborate writing systems tended to have less shared power. Writing was often used to convey messages between high-status individuals rather than facilitating communication across vast distances.
Researchers argue that a lack of empathy for offenders' incidental harms can hinder criminal justice reform. The study suggests that efforts to reduce character-based judgments could lead to more effective rehabilitation, ultimately reducing recidivism rates.
Researchers used abstracted social ideas to tap into mathematical interplay between distance and cohesiveness in complex data, such as cultural values and regional differences. The study found distinct cultural groups with rich internal network structures, despite analytical challenges posed by cultural diversity.
Researchers found that deleting the PLA2G7 gene in mice partially mimics the anti-aging effects of caloric restriction. The study suggests that reducing PLA2G7 may lower inflammation and improve health span without reducing calorie intake.
Two studies provide insights into COVID-19 vaccination effects on dialysis patients. Vaccination shows a protective effect against severe forms of COVID-19, with both individual and herd immunity contributing to protection. Antibody response also plays a role in durable protection over time.
Research suggests a possible silver lining for great ape conservation: a decline in respiratory illnesses among wild mountain gorillas in Rwanda since the COVID-19 pandemic began. The reduced number of outbreaks correlates with decreased human-gorilla proximity and additional health measures.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting the breakdown of a neuroprotective molecule called 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in astrocytes promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury. The study suggests that targeting this molecule could lead to the development of new therapies for TBI-induced disease.
A recent study published in PLOS Genetics found that genetic legacy from the last glaciation influences reindeer's migratory behavior. Caribou with more northern ancestry were more likely to migrate longer distances, highlighting an evolutionary adaptation to harsh tundra environments.
Researchers at Heidelberg University have identified a cellular mechanism that prevents protein breakdown in plants, allowing them to stabilize proteins and adapt to environmental conditions. This discovery may have implications for human cell biology and disease prevention.
Researchers discovered YAP1 is a master regulator of Nodal signaling in human embryonic stem cells, crucial for human development. The study found that YAP1 regulates the allocation of germ layers and dictates the production of Nodal protein, essential for gastrulation.
Researchers found that consumers respond better to AI agents when a product offer is worse than expected, but more favorably to human agents when an offer is better than expected. Designing AI agents to appear more humanlike can change consumer response.
A study from Washington University in St. Louis found that birds with bigger brains relative to their bodies reduced their body size by only about one-third compared to smaller-brained birds. This suggests that cognitive power may play a role in helping certain species adapt to climate change.
A new dietary tool can quickly and accurately assess micronutrient levels in oncology patients, helping to find better nutritional solutions for cancer treatment. Tested on 112 patients, the 21-item food frequency questionnaire can identify suboptimal micronutrient intakes in just 10 minutes.
Researchers have developed a method to achieve nature-inspired superwettability using femtosecond lasers. The technique enables the creation of hierarchical microstructures that promote water repellency on various materials, leading to applications in anti-liquids, self-cleaning, and other fields.
Researchers found targeted DOAC medications to be as effective as warfarin in preventing future clots and reducing the risk of brain bleeds. The study's real-world data suggests that DOACs have a lower risk of major bleeding compared to warfarin.
A recent study published in Vaccines found that the proportion of women reporting side-effects after Pfizer vaccinations is almost twice that of men. The highest frequencies of side-effects were reported after the second vaccination, with pain in the entire arm and weakness being notable examples.
A new study by Cornell University reveals that nearly a third of TV ads play to empty rooms, indicating a significant gap between ad exposure and actual viewer engagement. The research found that viewers are more likely to leave the room or change channels than stay engaged with ads.
The ALS Canada Research Program has awarded nine Discovery Grants to investigate critical areas of disease processes and clinical care. The grants will support fundamental laboratory research, biomarker studies, and clinical trials.
The annual conference will cover important themes such as decision-making in coronary revascularization, specific treatment of complex lesion subsets, and the use of adjunctive tools. CTO Plus 2022 will feature 12 live case transmissions performed by world-class faculty members.
A study by Henry Ford Health System found that one in four patients who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) die within a year, emphasizing the urgent need for improved treatments. The study analyzed data from over 1.6 million U.S. Veterans hospitalized between 2008 and 2017, providing valuable insights into AKI-associated mortality.
A new Dartmouth-led study found that antimony and other metals are associated with lower birthweight, while some metals show group- and sex-dependent associations. The research suggests that reducing exposure to these metals could help prevent harmful effects on fetal growth.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University have developed robots that can take a patient's blood pressure using only a simple touch, inspired by the folding mechanisms of leeches. The origami-inspired dry electrodes can be integrated onto humanoid-sensing robots to monitor blood pressure without traditional cuff-based digital sphygmomanome...
In a recent study, Dalla Torre and his team ran a collaborative mathematical game on different technologies to evaluate the systems' ability to demonstrate quantum mechanical properties. The Quantinuum System Model H1-1 outperformed classical results by returning correct answers 97% of the time.
Researchers created a new sample catalog of over 24 million stars to decipher the chemical history of the Milky Way Galaxy. The catalog provides detailed information on elemental abundances, distances, motions, and ages of individual stars, allowing for a better understanding of the galaxy's formation and evolution.
Researchers found three risk factors linked to adult spirometric restriction: maternal nutritional problems during pregnancy, low birth weight, and below normal childhood weight. Infants with poor nutrition have a higher risk of developing lung restriction and comorbidities as adults.
Scientists have developed a method to maintain human primordial germ cells in culture for at least five months, allowing for the study of their function and development. This breakthrough enables researchers to investigate how exposure to chemicals affects human reproduction and testicular cancer.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism has found that men with high levels of body fat are more likely to have lower bone density and an increased risk of fractures. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,800 people under 60 years old and found a strong positive association b...
Physicists have measured the oscillation frequency of Bs0 mesons with unprecedented accuracy, revealing that they oscillate between matter and antimatter three trillion times per second. This measurement agrees with quantum mechanics predictions and narrows search areas for particles undescribed by the Standard Model.
A new study from China suggests that tenecteplase, a bioengineered variant of alteplase, may increase the time for stroke treatment beyond 4.5 hours, potentially saving lives. The medication appears safe and potent in reestablishing blood flow through blocked brain vessels, but more research is needed to understand its effectiveness in...
Researchers at Lancaster University have identified a genetic change that impacts insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in the brain, which may lead to effective drug treatments for autism. The study found that individuals with a specific DNA deletion are more likely to develop neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism.
Researchers discovered a 150-million-year-old dinosaur with evidence of an avian-style respiratory infection, providing insight into ancient diseases. The study suggests that sauropod dinosaurs may have been susceptible to fungal infections similar to aspergillosis.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement highlights the need for caution when using marijuana due to its impact on brain health. Previous animal studies suggest that THC can disrupt memory, learning, and brain development, particularly in adolescence. The statement also raises concerns about the risks of cannabis use durin...
A study by the University of Queensland found that strong demand for tropical sea cucumbers as a delicacy is putting these species at risk of extinction. The research highlights the need for regulatory changes to protect the remaining populations and maintain healthy ocean ecosystems.
A University of Texas researcher used supercomputers to understand how CO₂ storage works at the level of micrometer-wide pores in rock, finding that wettability and injection rate are crucial factors. Her research aims to optimize CO₂ storage for a large-scale transition away from fossil fuels.
A study by UC Davis MIND Institute researchers found that autistic children have distinct amygdala changes, with larger volumes associated with traditional anxiety and smaller volumes linked to autism-distinct anxieties. The study used brain scans of 71 autistic and 55 non-autistic children between ages 2-12.
A new study finds that certain COVID-19 variants can escape the human immune system's cytotoxic T cell response in a significant portion of the population. The researchers identified 1,222 epitopes associated with major HLA subtypes, covering about 90% of the human population.
Researchers from University of Otago hope to identify Alzheimer's risk in middle age with a simple eye test. Thinner retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer are linked to cognitive decline, suggesting optical scans could aid diagnosis.
A new wearable magnetic metamaterial helmet can create better brain scans by boosting MRI performance. It fits over a person's head during a brain scan, creating crisper images that can be captured at twice the normal speed.
The COVID-19 pandemic has boosted scientists' visibility on social media, but this also allows anti-science forces to exploit debates. A new report highlights the challenges of communicating science online, including echo chambers and limited data availability.
A study led by Yekaterina Chzhen at Trinity College Dublin found that poverty directly affects both children and parents, leading to economic pressure and psychological distress. This challenges mainstream theoretical models of poverty and calls for a more nuanced understanding of the impact of economic hardship on families.
Researchers analyzed a ceramic pot from Sicily and found eggs of whipworm parasites, confirming it was used as a chamber pot. The technique provides a crucial tool for identifying ancient pots with special purposes.
Researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid developed an open-source development kit (PDK) to create solutions for businesses using personal data. The tool allows companies to exploit user data in a respectful way, promoting individual control over their data.
Researchers found that moderate calorie restrictions improved health by rejuvenating the thymus gland, which produces essential white blood cells. Participants who restricted calories showed less fat and greater functional volume in their thymus glands after two years.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a protocol to transplant 3D cellular structures called organoids into the colon to repair damaged intestinal tissue. This approach shows promise as a quick, reproducible, and minimally invasive method for treating ulcerative colitis.
Researchers discovered abnormal bone growths in a 150-million-year-old diplodocid dinosaur, suggesting an avian-style respiratory infection. The infection likely caused symptoms like coughing, trouble breathing, and fever, potentially leading to the animal's death.
A UCLA study reveals that lions and leopards in Zambia's conservation areas are injured at rates much higher than previously thought. The research found that over 37% of the lions and 22% of the leopards had snare scars and tooth notches, indicating a significant problem with poaching.
Scientists created new material design principles by studying the complex structure of starfish skeletons. The unique lattice architecture offers mechanical protection, enabling high strength and flexibility while maintaining buoyancy regulation.
A University of Kansas study analyzed 451 news articles from major publications and found that media worldwide reported on the pandemic as a racial threat, often blaming China or Asia. The study highlights the importance of responsible language in media coverage to avoid perpetuating xenophobia and discrimination.
A large population-based study found that newborns of vaccinated women have similar outcomes as those of unvaccinated women. The observational design limits the interpretation of the findings, suggesting further research is needed.
Researchers developed a fully autonomous biohybrid fish from human stem-cell derived cardiac muscle cells that recreates the muscle contractions of a pumping heart. The device has two layers of muscle cells that work together to propel the fish for over 100 days.
The 2021 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Awards ceremony will be held on February 18, with winners from India, Spain, Ethiopia, Zambia and Malawi. The global awards program recognizes journalists who cover important issues in science, including the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers at MIT have engineered a composite made mostly from cellulose nanocrystals, which is stronger and tougher than some types of bone, and harder than typical aluminum alloys. The material has a unique brick-and-mortar microstructure that resembles nacre, making it resistant to cracks and plastic deformation.
Researchers developed a new RNA editing technology that makes efficient use of native ADAR enzymes to correct disease-causing mutations in RNA. The technology holds promise as a gene therapy for treating genetic diseases like Hurler syndrome and cystic fibrosis, with promising results in mouse models.
Researchers created a biohybrid fish using human cardiac cells, outperforming previous systems in terms of speed and activity duration. The findings highlight the potential of mechanoelectrical signaling in promoting muscle maturation and homeostatic regulation.
University of Illinois researchers found a key gene responsible for increasing soybean protein content by approximately 2%. The discovery could lead to significant increases in protein production, addressing global food security issues. However, the gene's function is unclear and may involve the plant's circadian machinery.
Researchers found that archerfish can recognize unfamiliar insects as animals based on six essential features. The fish use these features, including shape and texture, to distinguish between animals and plants, similar to human face recognition strategies.
A new study suggests that writing systems are a crucial bottleneck preventing social groups from solving problems efficiently. The Seshat dataset reveals a 'scale threshold' where societies must reach a certain size before developing writing systems, which enables almost unlimited growth.
Researchers at Niigata University have successfully observed the formation of an oxygen-oxygen bond in a low-valent Ru(III) complex. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient water oxidation catalysts, crucial for artificial photosynthesis and sustainable energy systems.
Researchers have identified a specific location in the hippocampus called the dentate gyrus where schizophrenia may originate. Studying rats with damaged SAP97, they found changes in activity in this region, directly linking alterations to the development of schizophrenia.
Researchers developed an AI system called GestaltMatcher that uses facial characteristics to detect rare diseases with high accuracy. The system considers similarities between patients and can even suggest diagnoses for previously unknown diseases.
A recent study revealed that current tomato cultivars are vulnerable to the emerging ToBRFV, a damaging virus affecting tomatoes and other crops. The research also developed a molecular detection tool to identify infectious virus particles carried on contaminated seeds.
A Chinese satellite monitored a significant decrease in nitrogen dioxide emissions globally during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some cities experiencing sharp reductions after lockdown measures were implemented. The study also found decreases in formaldehyde and increases in volatile organic compounds in some regions.
Researchers found that governance, rather than society size, plays a key role in determining the complexity of computational communications in prehispanic Mesoamerica. Computational communications were highly elaborate in areas ruled by autocratic rulers but less complex in areas with more collective power arrangements.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that teaching spatial skills, particularly with physical manipulatives, improves mathematics performance. The research suggests that spatial reasoning training could be a novel avenue for improving STEM skills, potentially addressing the UK's significant shortfall in workers.
A new study finds that immune cells clear away a key Alzheimer's disease protein on an oscillating daily cycle controlled by circadian rhythms. The discovery provides a potential mechanism linking Alzheimer's disease to disruptions in sleep cycles and may lead to the development of chronotherapeutics.
The ACC Cardiovascular Summit Virtual aims to equip healthcare leaders with essential leadership skills through three days of live content and on-demand learning. Participants will learn innovative approaches to patient care, clinician experience, and leadership strategies for collaboration, teamwork, and workforce well-being.
A team of researchers has identified over 250 gene activators in human cells, expanding our understanding of transcriptional regulation and its role in cancer. The study also reveals new insights into how proteins interact with each other to regulate gene expression, potentially leading to the development of targeted therapies.
A new study analyzing pollen samples from 19 modern-day European countries reveals the Black Death's mortality varied widely across Europe. While some areas suffered devastating impacts, others experienced no significant loss of life.
A US study analyzed opioid prescribing patterns before surgery, revealing that approximately 44% of patients received opioids as preoperative medication. The analysis spanned over a decade and examined the trend's impact on patient outcomes and potential risks.
The study found significant gaps in naloxone access and distribution across the US, with state-specific needs varying by epidemic type and distribution pathways. Community-based and pharmacy-initiated access points were more effective in reducing fatal opioid overdoses.
A research team led by Dr. Serge Krasnokutski has discovered a reaction pathway that can form peptide chains under cosmic conditions without water. This finding suggests that the origin of peptides could be extraterrestrial in nature, challenging the conventional assumption that life emerged on Earth.
A study analyzed the association between vaccination rates and new COVID-19 infections in US counties from July to August 2021, finding a positive correlation between higher vaccination rates and lower new infection rates. The analysis used data from over 3,000 counties and shed light on the impact of vaccination on pandemic trends.
Researchers have developed a rapid and affordable test to identify specific genetic mutations in cancer cells using SuperSelective PCR primers. This assay can detect rare mutations, enabling targeted therapy and monitoring minimal residual disease. The study demonstrates the potential of this approach for personalized cancer treatment.
Researchers have discovered that p53 protein activates a molecular program turning damaged cells into migratory leader cells for quick epithelial repair. Once repaired, these highly migratory cells are eliminated to restore normal epithelial tissue structure.
A new study by the University of Southampton finds that skilled overseas workers with families face a higher risk of poverty than UK workers and their net incomes are lower under the UK's points-based immigration system. The researchers warn that this could make the UK less attractive for overseas workers who could fill skills gaps.
A growing number of US states have passed laws requiring employers to provide paid sick leave, with 27.6% of jobs covered as of 2019. However, some states block local governments from creating their own regulations, exacerbating health disparities and leaving low-wage workers without access to benefits.
A recent study by KU Leuven and The Francis Crick Institute analyzed 2,658 tumor samples and found that 21% exhibited double mutations in both maternal and paternal DNA copies. This discovery sheds new light on the origin of mutations and their role in cancer development.
A new study finds that European diets must change to reduce climate impact, with feeding livestock low-opportunity-cost biomass offering a 31% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The EAT-Lancet diet, which recommends reducing animal-source foods like red meat, is at odds with circular food systems that prioritize land use efficiency.
Researchers suggest LISA can detect scalar fields interacting with gravity, providing strong bounds on theories beyond General Relativity. Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals offer a unique probe of the strong-field regime of gravity.
A survey of Minority-Serving Institutions (MSIs) found that only 45% of respondents participated in grant review, compared to 76% at traditionally White institutions. Despite this, 76% of MSI scientists reported an interest in taking part in grant review.
Mathematicians at the University of Leicester have developed a new mathematical model that could greatly increase the efficiency of pest control. The model uses field data and computer simulations to predict the distribution of slugs in arable fields, accounting for individual creature movements.
A survey of over 1,100 people in the US found that lack of COVID-19 testing availability increases intentions for risky behavior, potentially leading to increased transmission. Participants with negative tests showed greater intention to engage in behaviors facilitating viral transmission.