A new Northwestern University study reveals ketamine's fast-acting antidepressant effects by increasing activity in existing newborn neurons, offering hope for a faster-working treatment with fewer side effects.
Dr. Mona Fouad has been recognized for her leadership in health disparities research and commitment to equity in healthcare. Her work has led to the development of rigorous research and interventions to make healthcare more accessible to historically underserved populations.
A study found that high fat diets and synthetic substances in unregulated athletic performance enhancers can activate a receptor accelerating the progression of pre-cancerous lesions to pancreatic cancer in mice. Limiting exposure to these substances may help prevent pancreatic cancer development.
An international team analyzed infrared data from five dim galaxies, revealing no significant metal deficiency, contrary to earlier studies. The findings suggest heavy dust obscuration associated with starburst as the cause.
A new study from Trinity College Dublin suggests that teenagers who spend a 'goldilocks amount' of time online may have better mental wellbeing. The research found that low engagement with digital media is also associated with poor mental health outcomes for adolescents, while high engagement predicts worse mental health outcomes.
Researchers discovered that genetic mutations accumulated slowly over a lifetime lead to a shift in blood cell populations after 70, causing reduced diversity and impaired function. This finding explains the sudden deterioration in organ function after aging.
A recent review of 71 clinical trials found that consuming about 3 grams of omega-3 fatty acids per day can modestly lower blood pressure in adults. The analysis suggests that this daily dose may be an optimal amount to help reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
Researchers analyzed the repetitive fraction in olive plant genomes, revealing key differences between closely related and distant species. The study sheds light on the evolution of the olive genus and highlights the role of the genome's repetitive fraction in understanding its origins.
Researchers developed a new ultrasound localization microscopy technique to image blood vessels and measure blood flow in the brain. The method uses microscopic bubbles as a contrast agent and accelerates post-processing to 10-30 seconds, enabling rapid imaging of whole-brain microvasculature.
Researchers found significant disparities in death rates after strokes among Black and Hispanic populations compared to white populations. Hispanic individuals had a 30% increased risk of death after subarachnoid hemorrhage strokes, while Black individuals faced a 30% increased risk of death after intracerebral hemorrhage strokes.
Researchers discovered an electrolyte additive that protects nickel-rich layered cathodes from degradation and improves cycling performance. The additive forms a protective layer on the cathode, reducing transition metal loss and increasing energy density.
A recent study by Estonian researchers reveals that the country has largely been successful in achieving sufficient progress towards a carbon-neutral building stock by 2050. However, single-family houses and older buildings still need greater attention to meet the target.
Researchers developed a new theory explaining mountain belt formation, suggesting that internal plate strength limits height and size. Surface processes, including erosion, play a key role in shaping these features.
Researchers found that combination broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (bNAbs) can effectively suppress HIV in individuals without daily antiretroviral therapy (ART), with median duration of time off ART being 39.6 weeks.
The Faraday Institution has awarded 16 small, focused projects to deliver transformative results in areas such as anodes, electrolytes, and flow batteries. The initiatives aim to strengthen the UK's position in electrochemical energy storage and contribute to industry competitiveness.
An international research team has created the largest and most detailed genomic diversity atlas of wild chimpanzees, revealing their evolutionary history and genetic diversity. The study sheds light on demographic past, genetic differentiation, and exchanges between subspecies, providing valuable insights for conservation.
A study from Washington University in St. Louis highlights the importance of spatial aspects of biodiversity for healthy forest functioning. The research shows that tree beta diversity, a measure of site-to-site variation in species composition, is stronger than other components of biodiversity at larger scales.
Researchers discovered that stress neurotransmitter norepinephrine stimulates a specific population of inhibitory neurons in the amygdala to generate a repetitive bursting pattern of electrical discharges. This leads to the formation of fear memories, which can be difficult to forget due to their association with traumatic experiences.
Researchers at MIT found that explanation methods used to aid human decision-makers in high-stakes situations often have lower accuracy for minoritized subgroups. The fidelity of these explanations varies dramatically between subgroups, with the quality often significantly lower for women and Black people.
Researchers from the University of Oregon studied a persistent lava lake at Kīlauea's summit, finding that seismic signals encode resonance of magma sloshing in and out of the shallow magma chamber. The study provides new insights into volcanic gas migration and magma temperature, shedding light on the volcano's dynamics.
A new study found that sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) decreased the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in adults with type 2 diabetes. SGLT-2i showed similar cardiovascular outcomes to metformin but a lower risk of heart failure hospitalization.
The first international study of its kind assesses the status of all reptile species, revealing that at least 2,000 species are threatened with extinction. The study found that 50% of turtle and crocodile species face extinction threats, while 30% of forest-dwelling reptiles and 14% of arid area reptiles are in danger.
A Michigan study reveals that hundreds of thousands of surgical and dental opioid prescriptions are filled long after writing, but a state law helped reduce this trend. The authors suggest tightening state laws to prevent or reduce misuse associated with delayed dispensing of opioids.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a flexible and durable fabric that harnesses energy from human movements, providing a potential solution for wearable power sources. The fabric generates enough electricity to light up LEDs and charge capacitors, demonstrating its potential for use in smart textiles and wearable electronics.
Researchers at Rice University have developed molecular machines that can kill bacteria using visible light, targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The breakthrough study uses rotors spinning at millions of times per second to break up biofilms and persister cells, making these infections more treatable.
A study by NIH found that people with food allergies have a lower risk of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, obesity and high body mass index (BMI) are associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A team of researchers has found a way to block the replication of one strain of the influenza virus in human cells by inhibiting a specific protein modification process called SUMOylation. This breakthrough could lead to highly effective treatments for the flu and other respiratory viruses.
A recent study by Colorado State University economists and NOAA found that improved wind forecasts result in significant energy savings for consumers. The research shows a net gain of over $150 million in annual savings through better predictions of wind patterns.
A study published in CJASN found that vaccinated patients on dialysis had lower risks of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. The analysis, which included over 1,300 patients, showed that two doses of the vaccine reduced severe cases, making it a crucial protection for this vulnerable population.
Researchers found that mosquitoes whose slumber is disrupted are less interested in feeding, with a 54% decrease in feeding behavior. This phenomenon, called sleep rebound, highlights the importance of sleep for even insects.
Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has produced the most precise measurement yet of theta13, a key parameter for understanding how neutrinos change their 'flavor.' The result will help physicists explore mysteries surrounding matter and the universe.
A large-scale camera trap dataset provides valuable insights into Amazonian species diversity, with over 1,400 species recorded. The data can be used to inform conservation efforts and monitor population trends.
A peer-led, family-centered preventive intervention is being tested to reduce stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among Bhutanese immigrants. The program, developed by Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar, uses problem management plus (PMP) and addresses multiple stressors, resulting in improved coping skills and social networking.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that nearly 30% of older home care clients experienced eating problems, including poor appetite, chewing, and swallowing issues. The study highlights the importance of maintaining good oral health to prevent these problems.
Patients with primary glomerular diseases have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events, including coronary artery disease and stroke. The study found that inclusion of kidney-specific risk factors improved the prediction of cardiovascular events.
A new study by an international collaboration of researchers highlights the legacy of colonialism in scientific practice across the Caribbean archipelago. The authors outline systemic issues related to perceptions and scientific practice, but also describe positive steps being taken in countries like Trinidad and Tobago and The Bahamas.
Researchers are assessing cognitive decline in aging Latinos, exploring the long-term impact of COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease on brain function and impairment. The study will gather data to develop real-world therapies and potentially lessen the disease burden of dementia affecting Latinos.
FAPESP will host the Executive Secretariat of the Global Research Council (GRC) starting in September, reflecting its prestige among funding agencies worldwide. The GRC aims to create multilateral mechanisms for funding research and innovation.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new method to create curved spaces without physical distortions, utilizing non-Hermiticity. This breakthrough solves a long-standing physics mystery and opens up new avenues for exploring non-Hermitian quantum phenomena in curved spaces.
A study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that malnutrition contributes to sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients, characterized by muscle mass, strength, and function losses. The Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) is a simple and convenient metric developed in Japan, which shows significant relationships between NRI score and sarcopenia,...
Researchers have discovered a new type of triterpenes in fungi that don't require squalene, overturning current knowledge and offering a new approach to pharmaceutical science. This breakthrough opens up possibilities for creating more valuable compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other properties.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that dogs can detect SARS-CoV-2 infections with high sensitivity (97%) and lower specificity (91%), even when patients are asymptomatic. The diagnostic accuracy of canine olfaction for non-invasive detection of COVID-19 was demonstrated in a clinical trial conducted in France and the UAE.