A new study finds family-based behavioral treatment improves weight-related outcomes significantly more than usual treatment among children aged 6-18 years with severe obesity. The treatment model was delivered at an outpatient clinic and consists of 17 sessions over six months, involving school and leisure activities.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that half of all women will experience at least one false positive mammogram over a decade of annual breast cancer screening with 3D mammography. The risk of false positives is lower for women screened every other year, and non-dense breasts also show a lower false positive risk.
Researchers developed a novel cathode composition that overcomes challenges in manufacturing, offering high area capacity and promising performance. The resulting composite cathode delivers an area capacity above 8 mAh/cm2 within a wide range of voltages.
A new study found that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) plus anti-seizure medications significantly reduces hospital costs for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. The study showed patients treated with VNS and ASM had lower inpatient healthcare utilization and outpatient care costs compared to those treated with ASM alone.
A study by the University of Granada found that consumers' perception of physical and emotional risk caused by COVID-19 influences their decision to stay in hotels. Consumers with higher resilience tend to perceive lower risk and have a higher intention to return to hotel consumption.
Dr. Fabio Demontis will present his research on Myokine-based interventions to contrast muscle and brain aging at the 9th Aging Research & Drug Discovery Meeting 2022. His lab aims to understand how communication between skeletal muscle and the brain influences proteostasis as we age.
Researchers found that babies who later develop autism show overgrowth of the amygdala between six and 12 months, prior to behavioral symptoms. This finding suggests a potential link between early sensory processing problems and amygdala enlargement.
Assistant Professor Henry Yuen at Columbia University will receive a $675,000 grant to develop verification protocols for entanglement theory and explore broader mathematical applications. His work aims to solve fundamental problems in computer science, mathematics, and physics using quantum entanglement.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have shown how an inhibitor binds to the A2A receptor, a key regulator of the immune system. This discovery could lead to targeted search for molecules that give the innate immune system more punch against cancer and brain diseases.
Researchers develop innovative non-contact agitation technology to assess motility and invasive capacity of cancer cells in tissue sections. The study reveals significant increases in Rac/Cdc42 activity in tumor areas, with stronger correlations found in advanced cancer stages.
Researchers found that using the phrase 'objectively reasonable' to describe a police officer leads to less negative judgments, affecting perceptions of competence and warmth. The study suggests that legal language has a powerful impact on how citizens evaluate police officers, particularly those serving on juries.
Monolithic dynamic covalent polymer aerogels (DCPAs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties and can be degraded into soluble monomers. The new DCPAs can be generated by adjusting the molar ratio between amino groups and aldehyde groups, enabling closed-loop recyclability.
Scientists developed a new technique for single nanostructure circular dichroism spectroscopy using a nano-patterned liquid-crystal polarization grating, allowing for real-time tracking and analysis of individual functional units. The new method is equivalent to conventional CD spectroscopy and has high efficiency and accuracy.
Researchers have provided direct insight into the electronic structure of a proton donating group in an amine aromatic photoacid using ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy. The study reveals major electronic structure changes occur on the base side of the Förster cycle, resolving the long-standing open question.
Researchers found that attention-related signals occur independently of eye movement signals, and microsaccades are not required for shifting attention. This breakthrough resolves controversy about brain systems for attention and has implications for understanding attention disorders and behavior.
The Experimental Biology (EB) 2022 meeting features live presentations and a moderated Q&A session on groundbreaking studies. The virtual press conference reveals potential treatments for Parkinson's disease, COVID-19 vaccine-associated side effects, and alleviating food allergies.
Researchers at Kobe University discover that immobilization induces loss of muscle mass by disrupting calcium levels and triggering the KLF15-IL-6 pathway. This finding may lead to the development of a treatment for muscle loss, known as sarcopenia, which affects aging societies.
The study focuses on the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag system used for aircraft structures, revealing patterns that enhance the alloy's heat resistance and strength. The findings will help extend the lifetime of aircraft parts made from these materials, improving overall efficiency and performance.
This year's Experimental Biology 2022 meeting features groundbreaking studies on COVID-19 vaccine-associated symptoms in non-menstruating people, a plant compound showing promise for alleviating food allergies, and the potential of omega-3s to boost immunotherapy's cancer-fighting power. Researchers also explore the safety of using CBD...
A team of researchers identified a stem rust resistance gene from wild goat grass species Aegilops sharonensis, which can be cross-bred into wheat for immunity against deadly crop pathogens. The genetic potential of this hardy relative has been largely unexplored and holds promise for reducing the threat of the stem rust disease.
A genome-wide functional screen identified critical regulators of naïve stem cell reprogramming, enabling the creation of high-quality, stable stem cell populations. The study also uncovered epigenetic factors that hinder or help reprogramming, including the essential PRC1.3 complex and inhibitory HDAC2 protein.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology developed a new calibration method to compensate for variations in illumination while scanning stained-glass windows. This approach can help capture the colors of cultural artifacts in a lifelike way, even with long scanning times.
A team of scientists created a powerful new method for generating protein drugs by designing molecules that can target important proteins in the body. The research yielded candidate medicines for cancer, diabetes, infection, inflammation, and beyond, offering a paradigm shift in drug development.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health estimated that the US spent an average of $34,191 per incarcerated adult convicted of sex crimes against children under 18 in 2021. The total annual cost was over $5.4 billion, with conservative estimates suggesting nearly $49 billion for the current cohort of inmates.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have developed a novel strategy to identify potent miniature antibodies, so-called nanobodies, against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. The approach led to the discovery of multiple nanobodies that effectively blocked infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants.
A new study by University of Alberta immunologist Shokrollah Elahi reveals that killer T cells have low levels of protein CD73, compromising their ability to eliminate HIV-infected cells. Chronic inflammation also plays a role in reducing CD73 expression, leading to potential new treatments for both HIV and multiple sclerosis.
Adults hospitalized with COVID-19 and flu have a higher risk of severe disease and death compared to those with COVID-19 alone. The study found that patients with both conditions were over four times more likely to require ventilation support and two-and-a-half times more likely to die.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that patients with 'feminized' short fingers tend to experience severe Covid-19 symptoms, while those with large right-hand-left hand differences have elevated probabilities of hospitalization. The research suggests a link between low testosterone and high oestrogen levels and Covid severity.
Researchers developed an AI-driven image analysis pipeline that identified novel cellular hallmarks of Parkinson's disease from images of over a million skin cells. The platform can distinguish between patient cells and healthy controls, revealing new signatures for potential therapeutic targets.
A new study by University of Southampton researchers found that a third COVID-19 vaccination improves immune responses in blood cancer patients. The study showed that 92% of patients without recent anti-CD20 treatment had improved antibody responses after the third dose.
A study found that robotic therapy with high assistance levels improves upper limb function in severe-to-moderate stroke survivors, while moderate-to-mild patients perform better with less assistance. The researchers suggest tailoring robotic assistance to individual patient needs and encourage further research using objective tools.
Scientists have discovered a speed limit for computer chips, with one petahertz being the maximum frequency for signal transmission. The research uses ultra-short laser pulses to create electrical currents in dielectric materials, allowing for faster data transmission.
Teréza Hough, CEO of the National Osteoporosis Foundation South Africa, has been awarded the IOF CNS Medal for her outstanding contributions to bone health advocacy. Her work in raising awareness and advancing education among the public and healthcare professionals in South Africa is recognized globally.
A French study suggests that long-term use of protease inhibitors may lower the risk of COVID-19 infection by 70%. The study found that patients taking PIs had a lower incidence of COVID-19 compared to those not on PIs, despite having similar risk factors.
Researchers at Mainz University created artificial hailstones using a 3D printer to study their behavior in a vertical wind tunnel. The experiments revealed that the form of hailstones determines their velocity before impact, which can affect the severity of precipitation events.
Researchers developed an AI method to analyze electronic health record data and predict optimal drug regimens for type 2 diabetes patients with similar characteristics. The algorithm successfully supported medication selection for over 83% of patients, leading to better management of the disease and improved patient engagement.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have discovered a new pathway for DNA transfer in the tumor microenvironment, which enables cancer cells to share genetic material with other cells. This study sheds light on how cancer spreads and may lead to early detection of different types of tumors.
Researchers used camera traps to monitor interactions between Panama's epiphytic Zamia pseudoparasitica and animals, revealing that a nocturnal tree-dwelling mammal called northern olingos may be responsible for seed dispersal. The study sheds light on the plant's persistence in the forest canopy.
The research team created silicon-based qubits using FinFET architecture that can store quantum information in two states at higher temperatures, allowing for scalability and integration into existing industry standards.
Researchers investigated the shortest possible time scale of optoelectronic phenomena and found that it cannot be increased beyond one petahertz. The experiments used ultra-short laser pulses to create free charge carriers in materials, which were then moved by a second pulse to generate an electric current.
Researchers at KIMS create ultra-thin composite film absorbing over 90% of 5G electromagnetic waves, improving self-driving car reliability and reducing secondary interference. The technology has potential applications in smartphones, automotive radars, and low-orbit communication satellites.
The Bank of Okinawa has awarded ¥1 million grants to two startups, Genome Miner and Menopause and Beyond, participating in the OIST Innovation Square Startup Accelerator Program. The grants aim to support their entrepreneurial journey and contribute to the development of the local economy.
Researchers found that COVID-19 infected individuals were three times more likely to report pain, numbness, or tingling in their hands and feet compared to those with negative tests. Nearly 30% of patients who tested positive also reported neuropathy problems at diagnosis, with some symptoms persisting for up to three months.
Dr. John E. Dick will receive the inaugural AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Blood Cancer Research for his groundbreaking discoveries on leukemic stem cells and their mechanisms. His research has provided crucial insights into leukemia progression, survival rates, and treatment response.
A new study found that an orally absorbed tablet containing cannabidiol (CBD) effectively reduced post-operative pain after shoulder surgery without side effects. The study showed significant pain relief and higher patient satisfaction compared to placebo, highlighting the potential of CBD as a safe and effective pain management tool.
Researchers analyzed over 4 million Twitter posts to find that fact-related users were negatively associated with vaccination rates, while fake-news users showed no significant impact. Exclusive fact-based users were more likely to be verified accounts with higher online influence.
Dr Nicholas Fuggle, a UK researcher, has been awarded the prestigious ESCEO-IOF Pierre Meunier Young Scientist Award for his significant contributions to research in musculoskeletal ageing. He is recognized for his work on determinants of musculoskeletal ageing and digital healthcare.
A study by researchers at the University of Plymouth reveals that energy-efficient broad spectrum lighting is reducing the efficacy of coastal species' camouflage. This can have significant impacts on visually guided ecological processes, with certain color variations being more vulnerable to detection.
Researchers developed TDAP method for investigating precise ultrafast processes in matter, providing robust dynamic simulations based on quantum mechanical principles. The approach has been applied to strong field physics and photocatalysis, demonstrating effective treatment of ultrafast quantum dynamical processes.
A team of scientists has successfully generated Bessel terahertz pulses from superluminal laser plasma filaments, showcasing a promising approach for various applications. The method, which manipulates the spatial-temporal structure with tailored femtosecond lasers, produces ultrabroad bandwidth and high-order Bessel beam profiles.
A study using century-old museum collections and modern data shows that about a third of bird species in Chicago are laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did a hundred years ago. Climate change is believed to be the main culprit behind this shift, with rising temperatures affecting nesting habits.
A large study published in JAMA Network Open found no evidence that light alcohol consumption provides heart-related health benefits, instead suggesting lifestyle factors common among moderate drinkers contribute to the observed benefit. The study linked high-risk cardiovascular disease across all levels of alcohol intake.
Recent deep-learning-empowered spectral imaging techniques enable fast reconstruction within seconds, improving spectral resolution. The authors categorize methods into three groups based on light characteristics, facilitating further research.
A Korean research team developed a soft and stretchable lithium battery that can be printed on clothing surfaces. The battery features high capacity and free-form characteristics suitable for mechanical deformation, making it suitable for use in wearable devices.
Researchers from NUS developed a novel super-hygroscopic material to enhance sweat evaporation and reduce heat stress in personal protective suits. The film brings down the heat index by about 40%, significantly improving thermal comfort for users like healthcare workers.
The team's research uses graphene quantum dots with zwitterionic properties to stabilize Pickering emulsions, allowing for controlled release and improved durability in firefighting operations. This technology holds promise for enhanced oil recovery and drug delivery.
A new study funded by the NIH found that amygdala overgrowth in autism spectrum disorder begins between 6-12 months of age, suggesting early intervention may be effective in reducing symptoms. The study also identified distinct brain growth patterns in infants with Fragile X syndrome.
Researchers discovered a group of neurons in the striatum that encodes information about potential decision-making outcomes, including rewards and penalties. These 'error signals' help the brain adapt to changing circumstances and make impulsive decisions or become paralyzed with indecision.
A research group studied China's water conservation regulations in the northern drylands and found they drove industrial transformation, reducing negative environmental impacts. Adaptive strategies were developed for 12 cities to integrate their development pathways and promote holistic sustainable development through cooperation.
A new framework will help conservation agencies forecast climate change impacts and identify target areas for protection. The project aims to create adaptable portfolios of target sites for biodiversity conservation over time.
A study published in Nature Communications found that male Caspian terns carry the main responsibility for teaching young birds the secrets of migration during their first journey. Young birds always remained close to an adult bird and died if they lost contact, highlighting the importance of experienced adults guiding them to survive.