The Freeman Hrabowski Scholars Program aims to build a more inclusive scientific workforce by supporting outstanding basic biomedical researchers from underrepresented backgrounds. Each Scholar will receive up to $8.6 million over 10 years, including full salary and benefits.
A recent study found that racial and ethnic minorities in Washington state die from opioid overdose on average between ages 33 to 44, compared to non-Hispanic whites who die at age 45. The gap in years of potential life lost varies among minority groups, with Hispanics experiencing a 6-year difference.
A new study found that unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions for nonhospitalized children resulted in 2.8 million cases of avoidable infections, costing the US at least $74 million. Children prescribed inappropriate antibiotics were up to eight times more likely to develop complications such as diarrhea and skin rashes.
A small protein supplement taken before meals can help people with type 2 diabetes control their blood sugars for two extra hours a day. The study found daily glucose levels were also 0.6 mmol/L lower when taking the supplement.
Florida Atlantic University researcher Reza Azarderakhsh has received a $1 million grant to develop post-quantum cryptography for NextG systems. The project aims to increase the security of everyday connections against future attacks from quantum computers, benefiting both defense and commercial entities.
A small study suggests that maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with changes in the brain of developing fetuses. The study found decreased brain structure and volumetric measures in fetuses from the pandemic cohort compared to the pre-pandemic cohort.
Researchers used cell-free DNA methylation patterns to identify patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who would benefit from chemotherapy before surgery. The approach showed promise in accurately predicting tumor response, with a correct prediction rate of 79%.
The study reveals that the U.S., Brazil, and China are top suppliers of global plastic packaging waste, with North and South America responsible for most production and consumption. The researchers emphasize the need for producers and consumers to share responsibility and costs to reduce plastic use.
A new time-resolved instrument measures circular dichroism changes in fractions of a picosecond, enabling the capture of photoexcited molecules' chirality and conformational motion. This resolves the deactivation mechanism of iron-based spin-crossover complexes, crucial for magnetic data storage.
A new study published in Blood Advances found that virtual frailty assessments are both safe and feasible when conducted virtually. The study evaluated 185 patients with blood cancers who completed a virtual assessment, finding that 81.1% successfully completed the test without falls or safety events.
Researchers found promising new biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in blood tests, but found that comorbidities can increase levels and provide false positive results. The study suggests more research is needed before these tests can be used in clinical settings.
Researchers discovered that chromatin entropy increases during aging, leading to epigenetic dysregulation and cellular senescence. The study found that aberrant expression of placenta-related genes is a key driver of cellular aging.
Several phase 3 studies conducted by Dana-Farber researchers show promising results for patients with multiple myeloma and breast cancer. A novel combination of two experimental cancer immunotherapy agents yields promising results in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma brain tumors.
Scientists at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new class of highly reactive chemical compounds called hydrotrioxides. Formed during atmospheric decomposition of substances like isoprene and dimethyl sulfide, these compounds are stable enough to react with other atmospheric compounds.
New research reveals that precession played a significant role in driving Northern Hemisphere ice age cycles during the early Pleistocene period. The study suggests that more intense summers caused by precession led to melting of ice sheets, but with less devastating effects before 1 million years ago.
A new study found that COVID-19 restrictions in Italy led to a significant increase in relative mobility over seven months, with people spending more time outside and moving around. The researchers analyzed Facebook and Google data from 20 Italian provinces between November 2020 and May 2021.
Firearm fatalities are now the leading cause of death among US youth, with nearly two-thirds due to homicides. Research funding is urgently needed to address this trend and prevent further deaths.
MD Anderson research highlights new treatments for skin cancers, including novel therapies. The institution also showcased improved goals of care programs, which demonstrated significant reductions in ICU mortality and improved patient outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A recent study found that even tiny marine invertebrates have distinct and diverse microbial communities, called microbiomes. These findings challenge the assumption that closely related animals share similar microbiomes.
A team of researchers has drawn new limits on the existence of long theorized magnetic monopoles by combining cosmic rays with particle accelerators. By re-analyzing data from previous experimental searches, they identified novel limits on monopoles across a wide range of masses.
Researchers at FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine are conducting a two-year study to investigate emergency department-based prevention strategies for high-risk older patients. The project aims to identify effective fall prevention strategies that target limited resources to improve patient outcomes, safety, and reduce healthcare costs.
A team of researchers from the University of Tsukuba has developed a new approach for accurate underwater acoustic positioning in multipath environments. By using a database of signals and selectively removing reflected waves, they achieve centimeter-scale accuracy in object location, even in shallow waters.
Researchers found that young people aged 12-20 were more likely to become cannabis users in states with legalized recreational use compared to those without. The study also documented an increased likelihood of cannabis use among adults in these states.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology found that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines do not reduce fertility and do not cause fetal defects. The study showed no difference in anti-syncytin-1 antibody levels between vaccinated and unvaccinated women, and pregnant mice injected with the vaccine had normal offspring.
A recent study reveals that high-income homes are disproportionately exposed to wildfire hazards in the western United States. The research found that these communities also bear a disproportionate burden in terms of costs and impacts from wildfires.
The CVIA journal has published its third issue of Volume 6, bringing together important research from China and the US. The issue includes papers on common statistical methods in medical research, as well as case summaries and studies on various cardiovascular topics.
Virginia Tech scientists led by Sora Shin are investigating the brain pathways responsible for high-fat diet overconsumption. The study aims to identify a framework for understanding how leptin-responsive circuits respond to food exposure and increase the risk of emotional overeating after abstinence.
Researchers at Northwestern University unveiled a new smart pacemaker that harmlessly dissolves in the body after use. The device communicates with a coordinated network of wearable sensors to continuously monitor physiological functions and autonomously detect abnormal cardiac rhythms.
Researchers found that hummingbirds experience a 37% drop in metabolic rate and become torpid for longer periods at high elevations, making it unlikely they can relocate to higher altitudes. The birds' physiological response suggests lower oxygen availability and low air pressure may be difficult challenges to overcome.
A new interactive web portal, SpUR, catalogues over 1,000 splicing events found in cancers, highlighting their role in tumor development and progression. The database provides a platform for researchers to study RNA dysregulations in cancer and develop RNA-based anti-cancer drugs.
A large retrospective study examines the impact of pandemic-related school closures on children's mental health, finding that adolescent females were disproportionately affected. The study reveals a substantial rise in hospitalizations for suicide, psychosis, and eating disorders after statewide school closure orders.
A Korean study of 430 adults found that thicker macular retinal nerve fiber layers were associated with faster cognitive decline. The researchers suggest this finding could inform predictive biomarkers for evaluating cognitive function in older adults.
Researchers at Tsinghua University have discovered that Metformin, a small molecule drug used to treat type II diabetes, can improve the efficiency and efficacy of antibacterial treatments. The new approach uses chemodynamic therapy nanoagents to produce hydroxyl radical, which weakens and kills diseased or infected cells.
A study by the University of Washington found that Seattle's democracy voucher program increased donations by 53% per race and boosted small donations by 270%. The program also led to an 86% increase in candidates and a decline in incumbent electoral success.
Researchers at Aston University have developed a new antibiotic combination that successfully treated a cystic fibrosis patient's deadly lung infection. The combination of imipenem/relebactam with amoxicillin eradicated the infection, enabling the patient to receive a lifesaving lung transplant.
A new study published in the Journal of Marketing finds that requesting customers to rate service professionals first can lead to smaller tips, whereas asking customers to tip first does not influence subsequent rating scores. This research has important implications for firms and managers, suggesting that they should consider asking c...
This study conducted within an existing community-based COVID-19 testing program successfully integrated rapid diabetes screening, reaching low-income Latinx individuals who were mostly undiagnosed with prediabetes and diabetes. The results highlight the importance of addressing health disparities in underserved populations.
Researchers aim to determine if high-dose exercise can reduce symptoms and secondary effects of concussions. A five-year study will enroll 220 teen athletes with concussions to test the effectiveness of an individualized exercise prescription.
Researchers turn mixed plastic waste from F-150 trucks into graphene, then reuse it to create enhanced polyurethane foam with increased tensile strength and noise absorption. The circular recycling process has potential to reduce weight and increase fuel economy in the automotive industry.
The Stoneygate Centre for Excellence in Empathic Healthcare will embed empathy into Medical School curriculum and expand across the UK. Professor Jeremy Howick's research shows that empathic care improves patient pain and satisfaction with care.
A research team discovered that spermatogenesis is impaired at multiple steps when testicular temperatures rise above 34°C, leading to cell death and male infertility. Organ culture experiments showed sharp temperature dependencies between 30°C and 40°C, with meiosis severely affected at 37–38°C.
Scientists have successfully sequenced the first human genome from an individual who died in Pompeii, Italy, after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE. The study provides new insights into the genetic history and lives of the population, including evidence of high levels of genetic diversity across the Italian Peninsula.
A new study of over 20,000 Americans found that state legalization of recreational cannabis leads to increased cannabis use, especially among young people. The study suggests that this could have detrimental health effects, including impaired respiratory function and cardiovascular disease.
A study of over 200 pregnant women found that prolonged stress and depression during the pandemic affected fetal brain development, including reduced white matter and delayed brain gyrification. The findings have major implications for basic science and informing public policy initiatives.
A new study found that the delta variant surge in the US was partially due to overestimating population immunity, with only 67% of southern New Englanders actually immune. This underestimation led to inaccurate projections and an incorrect assumption about herd immunity.
Children from marginalized groups and those with public insurance had poorer five-year survival rates, even when receiving standardized treatment. The study highlights the need for healthcare delivery and supportive care interventions to mitigate racial and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer.
A team of researchers has developed a unique catalyst that breaks down plastics into valuable molecules at an increased rate without sacrificing desirable product chains. The catalyst's activity and selectivity can be independently controlled, allowing for faster and more efficient plastic upcycling processes.
A UC Riverside study focuses on farm-working communities in the region, highlighting misinformation, lack of trust, and insecurity as major factors. The research emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address health disparities and increase vaccine acceptance among vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that wild animal populations exhibit significant genetic differences in traits related to reproduction, enabling rapid adaptation to environmental changes. The study's findings suggest a potential speed-up in evolution due to natural selection, with implications for species' adaptability to climate change.
A recent study published in CJASN found that SGLT-2 inhibitors were not associated with an increased risk of fractures in adults with chronic kidney disease, regardless of their kidney function. The study included over 38,000 new users of the medications and compared them to those prescribed a different diabetes medication.
The CONCERN initiative uses AI to analyze nursing documentation and predict patient outcomes, such as organ failure or cardiac arrest. By leveraging nurse expertise, the tool aims to improve patient care and reduce preventable deaths.
A recent study suggests that cannabis consumption is associated with increased levels of prosocial behavior and empathy among healthy young adults. The researchers found that participants who had recently used cannabis scored higher on standardized measurements of prosociality, empathy, and moral decision-making.
João Pedro de Magalhães, a renowned expert in aging research, will present his latest work on data-driven approaches in longevity pharmacology. The presentation aims to bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype, a major challenge in understanding the ageing process.
Recent studies from Cedars-Sinai have shed light on the importance of a gene in embryo development and its potential link to physical abnormalities. Additionally, research has shown that getting vaccinated against Covid-19 can strengthen immune responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The institution is also working on ne...
A new study has identified 100 crucial global water questions facing the planet today, including water scarcity, sanitation, and climate dynamics. The research emphasizes the need for concerted efforts in interdisciplinary research and action to address the consequences of human governance failure on water resources.
The S-STEM initiative aims to increase the graduation rate of underrepresented students in engineering and computer science by providing scholarships and mentorship. The program, which includes financial aid for up to $10,000 per year, will support students from Navajo Nation and other underrepresented groups.
A survey of 89 countries found that 62% of emergency medicine professionals experienced burnout syndrome, with 31.2% showing two symptoms. The pandemic has worsened understaffing and limited resources, leading to lower-quality care and medical errors.
A team of engineers is working on a novel treatment using nanoparticles carrying therapeutic proteins to promote regeneration of blood vessels and muscle in injured limbs. The approach, which has shown promising results in animal models, aims to treat critical limb ischemia, a condition that can lead to amputation or death.
A new optical architecture enables high-speed, low-power computation of multiple linear transformations using light diffraction. The design allows for scalable parallel processing and can perform complex tasks such as image classification and encryption with enhanced multifunctionality.
Reducing phosphorus levels alone could increase toxin production and harm aquatic life in Lake Erie. The new model highlights the need to consider nitrogen reduction as well to control algal blooms.