Scientists developed a software platform to analyze surfaces, creating digital twins that predict material properties like adhesion and durability. The contact.engineering platform standardizes procedure and facilitates open science, allowing users to share measurements and collaborate.
A collaborative network led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has received an $8 million grant to identify and validate biomarkers for acute rheumatic fever. This will enable the development of a sensitive and specific diagnostic test, crucial for diagnosing rheumatic heart disease, which is caused by a slow but progress...
Researchers have developed an algorithm that uses smartphone camera and flash to detect low blood oxygen levels. The method produced accurate results in 80% of the participants, showing promise for remote monitoring and early detection of conditions like COVID-19.
A recent study by JAMA Internal Medicine calls for federal prosecutors to take a tougher stance on holding corporate executives accountable for problematic behavior. The Park doctrine aims to protect patients from unsafe medical products, but its implementation has been lacking, putting public health at risk.
A study from Children's National Hospital reveals that the circadian clock helps regulate the renewal of NG2-glia cells in the brain after injury. The findings provide new insights into how the body's internal clock promotes healing after traumatic brain injuries, which are currently managed with supportive care and rehabilitation.
Researchers found that HPV vaccination rates rose significantly during the pandemic, particularly among younger children and adolescents. The study suggests that the increased vaccination rates may be attributed to changes in healthcare access and scheduling.
A randomized trial found that a 12-week online yoga program improved knee function in participants, but did not significantly reduce knee pain during walking. The study suggests that unsupervised online yoga programs can be feasible and improve physical function, but more research is needed to sustain the effectiveness.
Researchers conducted the Earth Summit Mission 2022 to investigate the interaction mechanisms between westerlies and monsoonal flow near Mt. Qomolangma. They discovered strong glacial wind and vertical momentum exchange between large-scale westerlies and boundary layer in the region.
Researchers have discovered a key link between warmer early winters and reduced crop yields in oilseed rape plants. The study found that colder temperatures during late November/early December promote faster growth and higher yields, while warmer temperatures result in lower yields.
A Cornell undergraduate has found a potential solution to immune dysfunction in space, suggesting that a transcription factor called MRTF could be the missing link. The study identified changes in the cytoskeleton of macrophages as a key factor in immune system dysfunction.
Researchers have mapped four new areas of the human anterior prefrontal cortex that play a major role in cognitive functions, including attention selection and decision making. The newly identified areas show significant inter-subject variability, with two being relatively larger in females than males.
Scientists have discovered new evidence of phosphorus availability in Enceladus's ocean, making it a prime target in the search for extraterrestrial life. The discovery suggests that Enceladus's subsurface ocean is likely habitable due to its high levels of dissolved phosphorus.
The Penn State-led CARAT project will help dairy farmers in Pennsylvania develop and implement climate-smart practices, generating value for dairy products along the supply chain. The project aims to establish real data on the value of climate-smart practices, enabling producers to enter into carbon markets and be fairly compensated.
CCNY researchers have successfully created a new type of magnetic quasiparticle by combining light with two-dimensional magnets. This achievement could lead to the development of materials that interact strongly with light, enabling applications in lasers and digital data storage.
A recent genomic analysis reveals that all South American canid species descended from a single ancestral population that arrived on the continent between 3.5 million and 4 million years ago. The study found that genetic mutations leading to extreme variations in height, size, and diet were introduced artificially through selective bre...
The study reveals a specialized transport hub at the base of cilia, where trains assemble and load cargo for transport. This discovery provides new insights into molecular basis for various diseases, including cystic kidneys and blindness.
Researchers developed a machine learning algorithm that can generate a continuous 3D model of cells from a partial set of 2D images. The neural field network learns a mapping from spatial coordinates to physical quantities, allowing for smooth zooming and no pixelation.
A new study reveals the molecular mechanism that causes prion proteins to take on their pathological form, paving the way for possible therapeutic options. The discovery highlights the structure of the human prion protein and its intermediate forms, enabling the design of new organic molecules to block disease progression.
The new SIO-ASCO guideline recommends the use of acupuncture, massage therapy, and other integrative therapies for managing breast cancer-related joint pain, general cancer pain, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The guidelines also acknowledge areas that need further research to support their recommendations.
A new study by Cornell University researchers suggests that green policy incentives for carbon capture and renewable energy can help reduce the environmental impact of cryptocurrency mining. States with lower electricity prices and a higher share of renewable energy in their grids are best suited for this approach.
Scientists have developed a face mask that can detect common respiratory viruses in the air, alerting wearers via mobile devices within 10 minutes. The mask uses aptamers to identify unique proteins on viral surface proteins, amplifying signals to detect even trace levels of pathogens.
Researchers found that models using soil moisture explain 30-120% more year-to-year variation in yield than those relying on rainfall, revealing a critical link between temperature and water supply for crops. Extreme heat is less damaging to crop yields than previously estimated, while drought and flooding sensitivity increases.
A new study suggests that spironolactone, a medication for heart problems and high blood pressure, may also be effective in reducing alcohol drinking. The research found that increasing doses of spironolactone decreased alcohol consumption in mice and rats, as well as in humans with excessive alcohol drinking.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center have found that persulfides, small molecules produced by cells, efficiently suppress membrane damage and ferroptosis. Persulfides act as radical scavengers, interrupting the destructive chain reaction threatening cell integrity.
Researchers from Temple University Health System developed a device that significantly reduces blood clot size in pulmonary arteries, leading to improved heart function and shorter treatment duration. The breakthrough is based on data collected in the NIH-sponsored RESCUE trial.
Researchers discovered three new cryptozoic snake species in Ecuador's Andes, named after institutions supporting cloud forest conservation. The discovery highlights the need for habitat protection due to widespread destruction of native habitats.
For people at high risk of overdose enrolled in a safer opioid supply program, there was a rapid decrease in emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and health care costs. The study found improved outcomes for participants compared to those not exposed to the program.
Researchers have gained insight into the electronic structure of hydrated proton complexes, revealing that three inner water molecules are drastically modified by the proton. The first hydration shell senses the electric field of the proton through Coulomb interactions.
A new study found that female legislators receive 14% more issue requests from constituents and are 10% more likely to be contacted than their male counterparts. The increase in workload is seen on various issues, including education, health, and fiscal matters.
Researchers at Eötvös Loránd University identified a novel neural pathway in the brain that processes touch information, which plays a crucial role in social behavior. The thalamo-hypothalamic neural pathway uses PTH2 as a neurotransmitter and facilitates friendly social interactions between rats.
A new noninvasive genetic survey technique allows researchers to identify salt marsh harvest mice and other small mammals without capturing them. The technique uses bait stations and genetics to collect fecal pellets from mice that come and go on their own.
A deficiency in gene regulation disrupts the clearance of surfactant lipids in alveolar macrophages, leading to their bloating and foaming. This defect is associated with conditions like pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, obesity, and atherosclerosis.
The research aims to create opportunities for beekeepers to produce certified-organic apiary products by tracking foraging patterns. The team will decode the bees' waggle dances and track their movements with harmonic radar.
The study proposes a model to understand the complications caused by zika virus infection during pregnancy. The researchers found that zika virus alters protein expression in neural cells, affecting energy production and RNA metabolism, which can lead to defective myelination and microcephaly.
A study by researchers from University of Bonn found that a multi-component training programme can improve mental speed, concentration, perception of competence, self-efficacy, and stress management in employees aged 50-plus. The program showed statistically significant improvements after completion and six months.
Researchers from Nagoya Institute of Technology investigated the solidification mechanism of magnesium carbonate and hydroxide systems using cold sintering. The study found that water played a crucial role in promoting dissolution-precipitation reactions, enabling densification at lower temperatures.
The Penn State-led $25M project will study climate change impacts in Baltimore, Chicago, and Austin, focusing on measurement and modeling of the urban atmospheric boundary layer. The team aims to improve climate predictions for cities, help them create strategies for adapting to and mitigating changes.
A QUT study observed and compared 3401 bicycle food delivery riders and private cyclists in Brisbane, finding that they generally don't take more risks on the roads. The study found that helmets were worn by 97.4% of riders, with delivery riders wearing them at a higher rate than private cyclists.
A recent study by Dr Joseph Michalski from HKU suggests that the number of ancient Martian lakes may have been significantly overestimated. The analysis of satellite data reveals evidence for smaller lakes on Mars, which could contain critical information about past climates.
A research team from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics has revealed the existence of reactive gallium-hydride species on the surface of gallium oxide using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The discovery provides comprehensive information on the structural configuration and formation mechanism of these special M-H species.
Researchers developed lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles that exhibit superior photostability, low toxicity and convenient device processability. These particles also show promising applications in biomedicine and optical information encoding, enabling broadband detection in theory.
Researchers propose a new coupling strategy combining photocatalytic water oxidation and catalytic wet peroxide oxidation to efficiently remove organic pollutants from wastewater. The proposed strategy achieves higher total organic carbon removal rates compared to traditional methods.
A new day-case surgical procedure for diabetic foot ulcers has been shown to accelerate effective healing, reduce recurrence, and prevent amputations. The procedure, which involves adjusting the mechanics of the foot, was found to be effective in treating up to 19 patients with successful ulcer resolution in just 3-4 weeks.
A recent academic study found that Facebook's introduction at American colleges was associated with a significant worsening in mental health symptoms, particularly depression and anxiety. The study used a novel research method to establish causality between social media use and poor mental health.
Oregon State University will collaborate with partners on a five-year project to enhance soil health and reduce the carbon footprint of the Pacific Northwest potato industry. The project aims to identify climate-smart practices that increase soil organic matter, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve water holding capacity.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 cohort studies involving over 1 million adults found that moderate tea consumption is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking at least four cups of tea a day may reduce the risk by 17%.
Researchers found that a healthy lifestyle can almost halve the likelihood of developing dementia in people with type 2 diabetes. The study followed 445,364 participants and found that those with diabetes who had an unhealthy lifestyle were 65% more likely to develop dementia than those with the healthiest lifestyle.
A first-in-human study using the ModulHeart device showed significant improvements in cardiac output, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, and urine output in patients with heart failure. The study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of cardiorenal support among patients undergoing high-risk PCI.
A study using STS/ACC TVT Registry data found that most patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and cardiogenic shock who underwent TEER achieved successful MR reduction, with associated lower mortality and heart failure hospitalizations at one year. Device success was linked to improved survival rates in a high-risk population.
The PASCAL transcatheter valve repair system showed non-inferiority compared to MitraClip in treating significant symptomatic DMR. Patients experienced improvements in functional and quality-of-life outcomes.
Researchers have developed a novel carrier doping method for p-type semiconductors, which improves photovoltaic device performance by increasing hole concentration. The new method uses alkali ion impurities to enhance conductivity in copper(I)-based semiconductors.
A new wearable device called FAST can measure tumor size changes to the hundredth of a millimeter, providing a fast, accurate, and inexpensive way to test cancer drugs. This technology represents a significant advance in cancer treatment, offering continuous monitoring, flexibility, and non-invasiveness.
Researchers develop a method to synthesize bare aromatic polymers using dendrimer support, enabling high solubility and transfer to other materials. This innovation opens up new possibilities for creating hybrid materials with unique properties.
A recent study published in Life Metabolism found that maintaining balanced energy intake throughout the day may improve cognitive function. The study analyzed data from over 3,300 participants and discovered that those with unbalanced eating patterns, such as skipping breakfast, were at higher risk of cognitive decline.
The University of Arkansas has been awarded $699,604 by NIST to enhance a Wi-Fi nano-biosensor for palm-sized SARS-COV-II detection. The new sensor will confirm whether the coronavirus is alive or dead, significantly improving detection accuracy.
The Texas Climate-Smart Initiative aims to expand climate-smart commodity markets and leverage greenhouse gas benefits. Project partners will provide technical and financial assistance to producers to implement climate-smart production practices.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz are studying the effects of natural substances used in traditional Asian medicine on depressive states in Drosophila flies. They found that certain substances can prevent the development of a depression-like state and even boost resilience to chronic stress.
Researchers found that blood metabolites related to sugars were linked to older adults' global cognitive health, while a Mediterranean diet was associated with higher levels of beta-cryptoxanthin. This study expands on previous work and highlights the importance of diet in safeguarding cognitive function across different populations.
The September issue of CHEST journal features 40 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disparities in rural populations with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The journal also offers complementary web and multimedia activities to expand its reach.
Researchers developed an ultra-compact seismic source to continuously monitor carbon reservoirs, detecting CO2 leaks and changes that require attention. The Portable Active Seismic Source (PASS) technology can be deployed affordably and has potential applications in monitoring for disasters and imaging subsurface structures.