Introducing VN to nitrogen-doped carbon enhances its electrophilicity, promoting oxygen reduction via optimized adsorption of O-containing intermediates. The VN@NC nanocomposite demonstrates improved ORR activity and long-term stability.
A new study suggests that our brains weigh up factors including personal experience, media influence, and expected cost when deciding whether to believe a conspiracy theory. The Computational Model of Conspiracy Theories (CMCT) considers these factors and finds that perceived risks, prior views, and lack of plausible non-conspiratorial...
A new study reveals how gulls adjust their wings to control stability in the air, employing wing morphing to respond to gusts and turbulence. The findings have implications for designing more agile drones and aircraft with improved maneuverability.
Researchers created IGLUE to score ML efficiency in 20 languages, addressing cultural bias and practical implications. The tool aims to improve solutions for visually impaired and reduce performance dropouts outside English-speaking contexts.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 lockdown strategies in Germany, Israel, and the US to determine optimal policy changes based on vaccine development timelines. Lockdowns were stricter before vaccine approval and continued to intensify after approval until vaccination reached a sufficient percentage.
Researchers aim to develop machine learning techniques that can adapt to open environments with changing factors. The article reviews recent advances and introduces general principles for achieving robust artificial intelligence.
Researchers have coupled different types of electron-hole pairs in molybdenum disulfide, merging their properties to create novel particles. This breakthrough enables the production of individual photons with adjustable properties, paving the way for quantum communication applications.
A new study analyzing YouTube comments found that fans of a celebrity will often continue to support them despite immoral acts. The study used language-processing algorithms to analyze comments on Logan Paul's videos before and after a scandalous incident in which he shared a video of a dead body.
Machine learning helps researchers discover how bacterial populations adapt to environmental diversity by analyzing growth curves. The analysis reveals distinct decision-making components for lag, growth, and saturation phases, protecting the population from extinction.
The American College of Cardiology's new four-part focus seminar series examines the importance of exercise in preventing and managing heart disease. Regular exercise is associated with changes in cardiac morphology, improved blood circulation, and reduced cardiovascular risk factors.
A team at Max Born Institute develops methods to reliably create and guide magnetic skyrmions at controlled positions, enabling the study of their dynamics and potential applications in computing and data storage. By employing focused helium-ion irradiation and nanopatterned reflective masks, researchers can control the generation and ...
A team of Stanford scientists has developed a new method to predict which antigens will lead to a strong immune response, allowing for more effective cancer immunotherapies. By applying a sliding force between peptides and T cell receptors, the researchers can identify the best antigen-receptor pairs in under five hours.
A new study by Professor Vike Plock found that Virginia Woolf's husband Leonard negotiated deals with Penguin Books to make her work widely available. The arrangement allowed Penguin to publish Woolf's essays and non-fiction at affordable prices, increasing her cultural capital and making her works accessible to a broader audience.
Researchers propose a temporo-spatial pharmacometabolomics method based on ambient mass spectrometry imaging to evaluate the microregional effect of olanzapine on brain tissue, demonstrating its effectiveness in characterizing pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The method accurately illustrates levels dynamics and microregional dis...
A study by the Max Planck Institute for Human Development found that a one-hour walk in nature decreases stress-related brain activity, particularly in the amygdala region. This suggests that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing, potentially leading to improved mental health and well-being.
A new study from North Carolina State University shows that soil temperature can be used to predict the spread of the corn earworm, an important pest affecting various crop species. The research reveals three geographic zones where the pest can overwinter, and models suggest that these zones will shift northward due to climate change.
Researchers aim to create crack-resistant, uniform materials with reduced residual stresses and porosity for use in AM. The project will combine the best processing features of existing alloys groups, resulting in lightweight, rigid, and thermally stable components.
Researchers found that ants and robots can be modeled using the same algorithms, despite differences in slipping motions. The discovery provides a universal model for location that applies to various movements, including walking and slithering.
Scientists mapped high-resolution seafloor images revealing Thwaites Glacier retreated at rates up to 2.1 km/year in the past, potentially leading to a total loss of ice and a 3-10 ft sea level rise. This study provides new insights into the glacier's future behavior.
Researchers discovered a small molecule Gαq/11 protein inhibitor, GQ262, that effectively combats uveal melanoma by targeting Gαq/11 directly. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated its ability to induce apoptosis and disrupt downstream effectors.
A study analyzing over 4,131 pregnant mothers found that the essential nutrients in fish can protect against mercury content and that frequency of fish consumption is a more important factor than type. The researchers argue for revising current advice warning pregnant women not to eat certain types of fish.
A new Israeli study found that myocarditis cases were rare and mild after the third dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, with a risk of 1 in 15,000 among young males. The study's findings suggest potential explanations for the increased risk, including medical precautions and time between doses.
Researchers found that Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides increase serotonin production in the gut microbiota, alleviating depression. The study revealed a significant anti-depressant effect through promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the gut microbiota.
Researchers have developed a novel thin-film sensor that accurately tracks light wavelengths with sub-nanometer spectral resolution, enabling efficient counterfeit detection. The small and inexpensive sensors can quickly check documents for security features without expensive laboratory technology.
A large study found that obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with an increased risk of cancer. Patients with more severe OSA were also at a greater risk of developing blood clots. Additionally, a second study linked OSA to a decline in mental processing powers, particularly in the elderly.
Researchers uncover five new types of microfossils in the Gunflint Formation, including colonial, ellipsoidal, and spinous forms. These discoveries suggest that prokaryotes began diversifying their functions before the emergence of eukaryotes, providing insights into the evolution of life on Earth.
A novel stem cell-gene therapy has been shown to be safe in humans, with no serious side effects reported in the first trial. The treatment targets motor neurons that die in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurological disorder.
Researchers created a rechargeable, remote-controlled cyborg cockroach with an ultrathin organic solar cell module powered by a lithium polymer battery. The device allows for wireless control of leg segments, enabling long-term operation without recharging.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have proposed a novel origin for Jupiter-like planets around massive stars. Massive stars can capture or steal planets from other stars in densely populated stellar nurseries, a process known as a 'planetary heist'.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a novel approach to tailor odors and fragrances using machine learning. They predicted molecular features based on odor impressions, enabling the creation of highly accurate predictions of physicochemical properties and mixing ratios required for specific smells.
Researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich have discovered a new rule for orbital formation in chemical reactions, showing that momentum space distribution plays a crucial role. This finding provides new insights into the behavior of molecules and metal surfaces, enabling more accurate predictions of chemical reactions.
A new approach to brain imaging has been developed that allows for the observation of brain structures and functions without removing any part of the skull. This technique, called Through-Intact-Skull (TIS) window, enables continuous cortical monitoring at high resolution and on a centimetre-scale.
A Japanese research group discovered that the leaf area index of mixed-forests influences seasonal changes in the formation of a nocturnal cold-air pool at a small mountain basin. The study found that weakening of the nighttime temperature inversion occurred during leaf expansion, while strengthening occurred after leaf fall.
A recent study by the University of Exeter reveals that honeybees rely on both color and pattern to identify flowers. The researchers found that bees can effectively distinguish between different flowers using a combination of these elements, suggesting that flowers don't need to evolve many different petal colors.
A new approach to composting in agriculture could improve crop yields, soil health, and divert biowaste from landfills, addressing global food security concerns. The study estimates PCS could boost annual global production of major cereal crops by 96 million tonnes.
Researchers have demonstrated that hydrogen condenses on a surface at low temperatures, forming a super-dense monolayer with a volume of just 5 liters per kilogram H2. This breakthrough could enable more efficient cryogenic hydrogen storage systems for the coming hydrogen economy.
A new study found that young Swiss military personnel with confirmed Covid-19 infections experienced symptoms like fatigue, reduced sense of smell, and psychological problems for up to 180 days. Long-term effects included increased BMI, high cholesterol, and lower physical stamina, suggesting a higher risk of metabolic disorders and ca...
A phase II study found that treating late-stage, treatment-resistant melanoma patients with a combination of Azacitidine and Carboplatin significantly increases their survival times. The treatment re-sensitized cancer cells to immunotherapy, allowing the body's immune system to fight the cancer.
Participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is associated with improved birth outcomes, including lower infant mortality. The review also found that WIC participants are more likely to receive child preventative services, such as vaccines.
Researchers found that neonatal serum ketone body production determines the quantity and quality of primordial follicles, reducing ROS-induced apoptosis. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining ovarian capacity and preventing premature ovarian aging.
Researchers found that convection-permitting ensemble forecast systems struggle to accurately predict extreme rainfall events like the '21•7' event in Henan province. A new neighborhood probability of precipitation method improves forecasting skills, particularly when allowing for spatial errors among ensemble members.
Exosomes have been identified as possible vehicles for virus transmission, and a recent study found that the saliva protein exportin 6 plays a crucial role in this process. The researchers isolated exosomes from the saliva of insect vectors and showed that they can transport plant virions into rice plants.
A randomized controlled trial found that both BVLR and surgery lead to significant improvements in lung function, breathlessness, and exercise capacity. The study suggests that less invasive BVLR may be a good therapeutic option for suitable patients, offering a similar outcome to traditional surgery.
Scientists found that few components of an ant's waxy layer are enough to recognize nestmates from their own colony. The study also showed that adapting the wax layer to outside temperatures does not completely change the information used for recognition, but rather balances both functions.
A new display technology harnesses lithium metal's dual functionality of plasmonic display and energy storage. This reduces overall energy consumption, achieving lower power dissipation and higher spatial resolution.
Researchers protected great apes by studying tourist behavior and expectations, finding that willingness to comply with disease prevention measures varies depending on nationality, visitor experience, and effectiveness of measures. The study identified ways to improve measures to reduce disease transmission, highlighting the importance...
Researchers found that climate change has increased the likelihood of flash droughts in southeastern China by 93% in onset speed and 18% in intensity. The study's findings suggest that future flash droughts will be more frequent and severe, making drought adaptation increasingly challenging.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a phosphorylation pathway that regulates meiotic double-strand break activity, ensuring genome stability. Enzymes ATR kinase and PP4 phosphatase work together to maintain a balance of DNA breaks, allowing for successful meiosis.
Researchers synthesized a uranium azide complex and demonstrated its ability to activate dinitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3). The discovery sheds light on the mechanism of the Haber-Bosch process, potentially leading to more efficient catalysts for ammonia formation.
Researchers developed a high-resolution holographic endoscope system that can reconstruct microscopic images without attaching equipment to the fiber bundle. The new endoscope has a diameter of 350 μm and achieves spatial resolution of 850 nm, far smaller than the core size of optical fibers.
A recent ECU study discovered that tRNS can enhance neuroplasticity, allowing the brain to form new pathways and connections. This technology has shown promise as a tool to assist individuals with learning difficulties or neurological conditions.
Research finds dual bronchodilators offer little relief to adults with smoking-related respiratory issues, but no COPD diagnosis. The study highlights the importance of spirometry testing for accurate diagnoses and calls for new therapies for patients without COPD.
Researchers have developed HOFs with large π-conjugated structures, enhancing thermal stability and accelerating electron transfer in redox reactions. However, challenges remain to fully realize their potential, including exploring the effect of morphology on performance and avoiding metal-ligand complex formation.
Researchers identified 'data architecture' as crucial for successful digital transformation, finding that legacy systems hinder integration and adoption. A coherent data architecture enables firms to automate data processing, integrate large datasets, and develop machine learning models.
A Tel Aviv University study challenges the widely-held assumption that COVID-19 originated from bats, instead highlighting their highly effective immune system. The researchers found that many reported findings on bat-borne viruses are based on antibody presence or PCR tests rather than actual virus isolation.
Researchers developed a mobile phone app using AI to accurately detect COVID-19 infection in people's voices, outperforming lateral flow tests. The app achieved an accuracy of 89% and can be used for remote testing, enabling rapid screening of populations.
Researchers identified a previously unknown p53-SET-PP2A feedback loop that can be utilized for cancer therapy. The combination of p53 activator and SET antagonist demonstrated synergistic effects on tumor suppression, showing promise for a new cancer treatment strategy.
Researchers aim to understand why many programs do not deliver on the promise of quality education and highlight examples of effective ones. The study will track 600 Queensland children from early education to school years, informing policy and practice that promotes development and learning.
A new study found that pregnant women taking fish oil and vitamin D supplements had a lower risk of their children developing croup. Children whose mothers took the supplements had an 11% risk of croup compared to those who did not take them, with a significant decrease in risk.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that simple measures such as green screens, air purifiers, and school street initiatives can significantly reduce air pollution levels in classrooms and playgrounds. The research shows that these measures can cut outdoor and indoor exposure to toxins by up to 57% and 36% respectively.