A recent study published in Science Advances reveals a correlation between genomic attributes and life history traits in Neoavian birds. The researchers found that generation time and body mass are associated with the length of orthologous microsatellites, transposable elements, and DNA deletions.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a method to directly measure the strength of skeletal muscle myotubes by analyzing wrinkles formed on an elastic substrate when stimulated with electric pulses. This new technique is more sensitive than existing measures and has great potential for accelerating drug discover...
A study of Irish teenagers found that those whose parents smoked were 55% more likely to try e-cigarettes. The proportion who had tried e-cigarettes increased from 23% in 2014 to 39% in 2019. This trend is concerning, as vaping can lead to nicotine addiction and other health problems.
A team of scientists generated a molecular atlas of the Australian bearded dragon's brain, comparing it to mouse data. The findings suggest that both reptilian and mammalian brains evolved clade-specific neuron types from a common ancestral set, challenging popular views on brain evolution.
Researchers have developed a linear response theory for open systems with exceptional points, which exhibit unique properties. The theory reveals that these systems can display Lorentzian and super-Lorentzian responses, unlike standard linear oscillators.
Researchers analyzed organic remnants from four small asteroid impact craters in Estonia and Poland to identify a unique charcoal signature. This signature can help scientists predict the size and type of evacuation zone necessary before an asteroid impact, potentially leading to the discovery of new impact craters.
A prespecified subgroup analysis of East Asian adults with lupus nephritis found that belimumab added to standard therapy improved kidney outcomes significantly. The study also showed no new safety concerns were raised in the subgroup.
Scientists create new type of photonic crystal that combines polarization and valley degrees of freedom, enabling multiple applications in integrated photonics. The resulting vallec-valley Hall effect can be used to multiplex and control light with unprecedented precision.
A recent study found that private equity firms acquiring physician-owned medical practices increase patient volume and billing for visits, raising concerns about the corporatization of healthcare. The study examined 578 physician practices acquired by private equity firms between 2016 and 2020.
The report explores diffuse optical imaging methods applicable to noninvasive human studies, including near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). It introduces state-of-the-art technologies and software, exploring their impact on neuroscience and clinical applications.
A team from Ruhr-Universität Bochum developed a novel neural network that can classify tissue samples as containing tumors or not. The AI also generates an activation map showing where the tumor is detected, based on falsifiable hypotheses.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a rare disease affecting approximately 77,000 Europeans, causing leg spasms and weakness. Researchers have discovered that the disease is linked to reduced calcium regulation, disrupting transport processes in brain cells.
A study of nearly 2,400 patients found that video telemedicine consultations matched in-person diagnoses in 87% of cases. The findings suggest a high degree of diagnostic accuracy for video telemedicine visits for most new clinical concerns.
Researchers discovered that wound healing signals from injuries trigger regeneration through specific signals of pattern formation and cell differentiation. The Wnt signalling pathway plays a crucial role in this process, activating genetic processes also involved in embryonic development.
Researchers found that people's perception of natural spaces changed during the pandemic, with increased use of rural trails and a newfound appreciation for nature. The study suggests that parks and greenspaces serve as essential amenities for overall well-being, particularly for marginalized communities.
Researchers developed a new initiating system for diazoacetate polymerization, introducing a functional group at the α-chain end of poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s. The technique enables broadening the generality and utility of diazoacetate polymerization, a method for preparing sp3-carbon-based main-chain polymers.
A new study suggests that climate anxiety is a significant driver of climate action, particularly among younger people and those with higher generalized anxiety. Media exposure, rather than direct experiences, predicts climate anxiety, which can motivate individuals to make environmentally friendly lifestyle changes.
A study published in Cell Stem Cell found that mitochondrial dynamics regulate the dormant state of adult muscle stem cells, which are essential for tissue stability. The researchers discovered that the protein OPA1 regulates this process and its depletion leads to severe muscle stem cell defects.
Researchers confirm that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is approaching a tipping point, where its strength will inevitably weaken in the coming decades and centuries. This transition could have dramatic consequences on societies and ecosystems.
A study finds that heatwave-attributable deaths in China have quadrupled over the past four decades, with population aging playing a key role. The largest number of attributable deaths are concentrated in east and central China, where the impact of climate change is most pronounced.
Researchers found that oxygen makes diamond formation more likely, allowing for a wider range of conditions and planets. This discovery could lead to new methods of fabricating nanodiamonds with various applications.
Researchers propose a simple method to generate intense isolated attosecond x-ray pulses using wavefront control, overcoming previous limitations. The new approach requires only a 100 fs conventional laser, making it feasible for current FEL facilities.
Researchers at Linköping University used computer simulations to show that stable aromatic molecules can become reactive after absorbing light. This could enable new ways to control photochemical reactions using the aromaticity of molecules.
A large primary care network analysis reveals that telephones and tablets are used most often for telehealth visits. Patients who were younger, Black or Hispanic or Latino, and living in lower-income zip codes had higher rates of telephone or tablet use.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that soda taxes in Philadelphia had little effect on reducing sugar intake, as consumers replaced sugary drinks with other sweets. Additionally, shopping for sodas outside the tax area offset most of the decrease in sugar consumption
Biochemists have discovered that glutathione, an antioxidant, plays a crucial role in moving iron-sulfur cofactors across cell membranes. This finding could lead to better understanding and treatment of diseases caused by impaired iron metabolism, such as Friedreich's ataxia.
A study by Duke-NUS Medical School and collaborators found that cooler ambient temperatures increased the risk of a specific type of myocardial infarction (heart attack) in Singapore. People aged 65 and above were particularly vulnerable to this risk, with a 20% higher risk compared to younger individuals.
A team of researchers at Sanders-Brown Center on Aging has been awarded a grant to study the role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to develop treatments for Alzheimer's and related dementias. The project focuses on understanding astrocyte function and dysfunction in disease pathology.
The September issues of American Psychiatric Association journals focus on combining molecular and neuroimaging measures to understand psychopathology and inform new treatment development. Featured research includes studies on early childhood psychotic experiences and schizophrenia imaging signatures.
A new treatment may enable the use of a larger part of donated lungs, leading to improved outcomes and reduced complications. Researchers are conducting a clinical pilot study to investigate the effects of reducing cytokine levels in donor lungs.
A new study found that US life expectancy decreased by 2.2 years from 2019 to 2021, with significant racial disparities persisting throughout the pandemic. The study highlights the ongoing impact of COVID-19 on public health, particularly among vulnerable populations.
A new study published in Pediatrics has found that children living in neighborhoods with greater hardships are more likely to use emergency departments. The study used the Pediatric Health Information Systems database and found a positive association between neighborhood Child Opportunity Index (COI) scores and ED visits, indicating th...
Researchers at UMaine have developed a novel AI-based method for monitoring soil moisture in forests, using wireless sensor networks and machine learning to optimize energy efficiency. This approach could enable more efficient tracking of forest health, reducing costs and increasing reliability.
Researchers developed a method to integrate plasmonic metasurfaces on optical fibre tips, enabling advanced applications like planar waveshaping and super-resolution imaging. The new metafibers provide 'all-in-fibers' optical systems for sensing, imaging, communications, and more.
Research suggests that arterial stiffness increases blood pressure in adolescents due to insulin resistance, not body fat. Healthy lifestyle choices like exercise and a balanced diet may help lower blood pressure in this age group.
Research by Saint Louis University School of Medicine and Washington University School of Medicine found that low testosterone levels are associated with an increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Men with low testosterone were twice more likely to require hospitalization than those with normal levels.
A computational model predicts semiconductor material properties, enabling researchers to identify and create materials useful in quantum applications. The method could speed the process of identifying and creating materials with desirable properties.
A study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found that low testosterone levels are an independent risk factor for COVID-19 hospitalization in men. Men with chronically low testosterone who developed COVID-19 were 2.4 times more likely to require hospitalization than those with normal testosterone levels.
Researchers successfully created a periodic rippled beta sheet layer configuration, as predicted by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1953. The new findings enable the rational design of unique materials based on this novel protein structure.
A multidisciplinary effort to improve care for older patients with hip fractures has led to expedited surgery, shorter hospital stays, and better follow-up care at UT Southwestern Medical Center. The program, launched in 2021, prioritizes early pain management and standardized care protocols.
Native Australian rodents have been mapped using DNA analysis, providing a clearer picture of their evolutionary history and spread across the Pacific. The study reveals that mountain formation in New Guinea five million years ago triggered the spread of native rodents across the region.
UC Riverside scientists are working with Jocelyn Millar to find the avocados weevil pheromone, which could be used to monitor pests and prevent them from mating in orchards. The goal is to reduce damage to fruit and enable growers to use less insecticides.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have successfully created nanodiamonds out of PET plastic using powerful laser flashes. This breakthrough method opens up new possibilities for producing these minuscule diamonds, which are needed for highly-sensitive quantum sensors and medical contrast agents.
A new study found that transgender parents may hesitate to label their child's gender identity before the child can communicate it themselves. The study of nonbinary and binary transgender parents suggests that older children are more likely to engage in gender-expansive play, with a strong link between child age and labeling behavior.
A recent study published in PLOS One found that cannabis legalization decreases the stock market value of major pharmaceutical firms, with annual sales reductions estimated at almost $11 billion. This effect is more pronounced with recreational legalization, suggesting a larger impact on the broader population.
Researchers at NICT have developed a new systematic method to identify the optimal quantum operation sequence, enabling efficient task execution and contributing to improving quantum computer performance and reducing environmental impact. The method uses GRAPE algorithm to analyze all possible sequences of elementary quantum operations.
New research finds conflictive home-host relations have a strong negative effect on policy risk and can imperil cross-border acquisitions. Ambivalent relations reduce the effect of policy risk the greatest extent.
Scientists have observed a new type of quantum phase transition in lithium holmium fluoride (LiHoF4) where entanglement occurs on a scale of thousands of atoms. This discovery has implications for our understanding of quantum phenomena and potential applications.
Researchers found that hidden acid-base heterodimers are the key mechanism for gaseous sulfuric acid and bases to form atmospheric ultrafine particles. This mechanism explains the high particle formation rate in Chinese megacities.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased slightly to 34.6% in August, while the labor force participation rate rose by 0.8%. Historically, impacts on the labor market lag behind economic growth movements, suggesting anti-inflationary measures may be early impact.
A study published in The Lancet Rheumatology found that booster vaccinations significantly increase immune protection for individuals with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism and inflammatory bowel disease. Most patients experienced no significant side effects after receiving a third vaccination, and their antibodies effectively pro...
A new study reviews over 2,000 years of history to shed light on the delay in recognizing airborne transmission of coronavirus. Despite increasing evidence, institutions and governments initially focused on surface disinfection and handwashing, leading to millions of deaths.
A recent study published in Paleobiology found that early cetaceans and mosasaurs shared similar morphology and behavior, suggesting convergent evolution. This research provides insights into the physical characteristics necessary for large marine predators to evolve optimally.
A team of researchers found that chromatin motion on damaged DNA sites moves faster than those away from damage, with the group moving as a unit over short distances. This coherent movement is crucial for effective DNA repair, preventing damaged DNA from harmful contact and improving accuracy.
Scientists have developed a general formula to calculate the photogalvanic spin current induced by transverse oscillating magnetic excitations in bilayer chromium trihalide compounds. The study found that processes involving one magnon band and two magnon bands contribute to the spin current.
Researchers developed a novel nanoengineered granular hydrogel bioink for 3D-extrusion bioprinting of tissue engineering microporous scaffolds. The approach addresses limitations of conventional bulk hydrogel bioinks, achieving previously unattained levels of porosity, shape fidelity and cell integration.
Researchers developed an efficient microbial cell factory producing β-alanine from fatty acid feedstocks with the highest reported metrics. This innovative approach leverages the glyoxylate-TCA cycle for high-yield and balanced product synthesis, offering insights into novel bioproduction routes.
Researchers analyzed 170,000 vegetation plots from all climate zones to find that small areas can have high biodiversity, like Eastern European steppes and Siberia. This challenges the idea of large-scale conservation, as smaller protected zones may be more effective in preserving ecosystems.
A team of scientists has determined the structure of the RAF1 protein, a therapeutic target against cancers associated with KRAS oncogenes. The study reveals structural vulnerabilities in RAF1, making it possible to design drugs capable of destroying it.
A recent meta-analysis reports that female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is declining in 26 countries, but progress is slow in others. The study estimates 100 million women and girls have been affected globally, with many countries not reporting on the practice.