A new study from the University of Kansas found that racial and ethnic minority populations in the US faced unique challenges while seeking COVID-19 information online, including misinformation, harassment, and hostility. Younger and healthier individuals were more resistant to vaccination due to lower perceived risk and benefit.
Researchers propose using precision data from upcoming experiments to test the cosmological collider effect and unravel the mystery of matter's origin. They suggest that leptogenesis, a well-known mechanism, could be used to explain the imbalance between matter and antimatter in the early universe.
Researchers analyzed the knowledge of chemical space between 1800 and 1869 to discover how well the periodic table corresponds to the chemical data at its formulation. They found that the periodic table's basic structure was already encoded in space by the 1840s, two decades before its creation.
A study by Kyoto University and BonBon Inc found that complex games like Potion can measure distinct cognitive skills such as stealth behavior and abstract thinking in young players. However, older players did not exhibit the same level of engagement, challenging existing beliefs about gaming's impact on cognition.
A new analysis reveals that mandatory prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) do not significantly impact retail opioid sales across eight commonly prescribed opioids. The findings suggest that PDMP implementation is best considered as part of a broader policy response to the opioid crisis.
Researchers found two distinct populations of the invasive American bullfrog in Brazil, one descended from 1935 introductions and another from the 1970s. The study highlights the need for law enforcement to prevent escape from frog farms.
Researchers have made significant progress in designing and controlling continuum robots, which can be used for targeted therapy and precise control. However, challenges remain, including miniaturization, perception accuracy, and stable simulation engines.
A large international study of 156,000 people from 21 countries found that women have lower CVD risk than men, especially at younger ages. However, diet was more strongly associated with CVD risk in women than men, while high cholesterol and depression were more common risk factors for men.
A new study published in Earth Science Frontiers elucidates the role of nanopores in accumulating shale oil in the Gulong-Qingshankou reservoir in China. The research found that well-developed nanopores and nanofissures play a crucial role in storing shale oil, leading to a high source-reservoir ratio.
A new randomized, controlled trial demonstrates that Medasense's NOL monitoring during major abdominal surgery can reduce postoperative pain by 30% compared to standard care. The study found that personalized fentanyl dosing with NOL guidance leads to lower sympathetic activation and surgical stress, resulting in reduced PACU pain scores.
Research suggests that COVID-19 patients can transmit viruses with multiple genetic sequences simultaneously, which may impact the development of new variants. This complex sequence diversity highlights the need for continued research into the evolution and transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
A new study suggests that green hydrogen will likely supply less than 1% of global energy by 2035 due to supply bottlenecks. However, historic analogues indicate that emergency-like policy measures can drive unprecedented growth rates in energy technologies.
Financial literacy decreased in the US, with fewer people knowing objective financial knowledge, yet more believing they excel. This decline contradicts increasing overconfidence in financial abilities.
A new study found that individuals with low confidence in the importance of vaccination are five times more likely to remain unvaccinated. Rural areas and those with lower socioeconomic status also had higher prevalence of non-vaccination across all regions.
SourceElsevier·JournalAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 8, 2022
A team of researchers has designed in silico molecular probes to track the progress of a misbehaving protein linked to neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and FTD. The probes can detect TDP-43 aggregates at high resolution, paving the way for early diagnosis.
A new analysis reveals that the world is already at risk of passing five dangerous climate tipping points, even at current levels of global heating. The study synthesizes evidence from over 200 papers and identifies 16 major biophysical systems with potential to cross tipping points.
Researchers found that modern human brains produce more neurons than Neandertal brains, particularly in the frontal lobe, due to a single amino acid substitution in the TKTL1 protein. This increase is attributed to changes in metabolism and membrane lipid synthesis.
A new analysis of mentoring relationships in academic research reveals that gender inequities in resources available to women mentors may indirectly affect their trainees. Trainees with female mentors were less likely to become academic mentors themselves, a disparity reduced when accounting for institutional bias factors.
A clinical trial evaluating alternative strategies for administering the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine has begun enrolling adult volunteers. The trial aims to expand the vaccine supply and provide important information on immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of alternative dosing approaches.
Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have seen the critical interaction between SARS-CoV-2 protein Mpro and human immune system protein NEMO. The study reveals that Mpro can cut NEMO, slowing down the immune response and allowing the virus to evade the body.
Researchers explore the relationship between brand purpose and consumer eudaimonic well-being, finding that brands addressing key factors such as authenticity and commitment to purpose can secure positive outcomes. By incorporating purpose into their strategy, brands can foster a sense of fulfillment among consumers.
A new antiparasitic compound has shown 100% efficacy in eliminating T. cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease, in mice and non-human primates. The treatment could provide a safer alternative to current medications with significant side effects and variable efficacy.
A UCD-led study found that 50% of people who developed schizophrenia and bipolar disorder had attended CAMHS in childhood, suggesting earlier intervention is key. The study highlights the possibility of intervening far earlier than present to prevent these illnesses.
Scientists found that weedy rice has developed herbicide resistance through gene flow from crop rice, with most fields showing resistant plants within 20 years of herbicide-resistant rice cultivation. This rapid evolution is due to the close proximity of weedy and crop rice in the same fields, allowing for pollen transfer and outcrossing.
Researchers found PTC pre-coagulation significantly improves organic matter removal and filtration quality of ceramic membranes. The study provides a high-effective pretreatment technology to enhance filtration performance and control membrane fouling.
Researchers find XAI methods improve AI performance and explain bias in data, enabling accurate applications like insurance decision-making. Implementing XAI helps manage power consumption and optimize AI systems for efficient Industry 4.0 growth.
A review of evidence found that 2-3% of monkeypox patients experienced severe complications such as seizure or encephalitis. Mood disorders like depression and anxiety were also common among infected individuals.
Using human stem cells, researchers investigated how the Ebola virus infects and damages the liver. The study found that major liver cell functions are compromised by Ebola virus infection and that the virus evades an early antiviral response, allowing it to replicate and cause damage.
Researchers found that RK-33 inhibits the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to replicate in host cells, making it a potential broad-spectrum antiviral agent. The study showed that RK-33's antiviral capability remains consistent across four SARS-CoV-2 variants.
City digital twin technology is used to create synthetic training data for deep learning models, which are then trained on a combination of real and synthetic data. This approach yields promising results for architectural segmentation tasks, particularly for modern building styles.
Research in Psychological Science found that super-recognizers process faces by dividing them into parts and storing composite images. They can recognize faces better than others even when only seeing smaller regions at a time.
Researchers found that bird neurons consume three times less glucose than mammalian neurons, allowing for high cognitive abilities and complex brain structures. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary advantages of birds' brains.
Researchers analyzed eight ice caves in Tyrol, Styria, Upper Austria, and Carinthia, finding a decline in ice mass over the past 2000 years due to human-induced climate change. The study mirrors the evolution of glaciers during the Late Holocene period, with significant consequences for these underground ice formations.
Researchers at Boise State University and Argonne National Laboratory create high-performance battery electrode material with a unique crystalline structure. The material shows promise for fast charging and excellent storage capacity, potentially overcoming significant shortcomings in lithium-ion batteries.
Scientists demonstrate efficient and controllable emission of circularly polarized light from resonant metasurfaces. The high-purity light source has a directional output and is independent of excitation power.
Researchers at KIMS developed a highly active and durable non-precious metal catalyst and electrode material, and applied it to a commercial-size large-area multi-cell stack to achieve 75.6% hydrogen generation efficiency. The technology also showed 44 kWh of power consumption required to produce 1 kg of hydrogen.
Researchers have discovered young stars spiraling into the center of a massive cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. The spiral motion is thought to be feeding star formation in a river-like motion of gas and stars, an efficient way to fuel star birth.
A new three-year project explores how Outward Bound's programs promote character in different cultures and geographies. Researchers will analyze the commonalities and differences in Outward Bound Schools around the world to understand how outdoor experiential education builds character.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among unvaccinated adults were significantly higher than those with booster doses. The study suggests continued vaccination efforts for eligible persons to mitigate hospitalization rates.
Researchers developed a more efficient process to apply CRISPR-Cas9 systems in human pluripotent stem cells, improving delivery efficiency by around 90% compared to plasmid DNA. The new approach also reduces off-target activity and allows for faster understanding of genetic disorders.
Researchers found that a common autism screening test consistently excludes more women than men from research studies, creating a 'leaky pipeline' for diagnosis and treatment. This bias is attributed to the test's origins in male-dominated samples, which may not accurately capture female phenotypes.
A new study published in Neurology found that most children with Bell's palsy recover within six months without medication. The research showed no significant impact of steroid prednisolone on child recovery from the condition.
The California Study on Violence Experiences across the Lifespan reveals that more than one in six Californians experienced physical or sexual violence in the past year. Demographic disparities highlight potential contributing factors exacerbated by the pandemic, including socioeconomic vulnerabilities and gendered nature of violence.
Researchers from the University of Queensland are conducting a three-year project to combat melanoma, focusing on stopping its progression to the brain and investigating its seeding in a neural environment. The team aims to develop new therapies to improve treatment outcomes for affected US troops and Australians.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found a moderate association between antipsychotic use and an increased risk of breast cancer, estimated at over 30%. The study highlights the importance of risk-benefit assessment of antipsychotic prescription in high-risk patients.
A recent study found that hospitals partner with their automated hand hygiene monitoring system (AHHMS) vendor can achieve greater improvement in hand hygiene performance. The study analyzed data from 58 units in 10 hospitals across North America and found sustained increases in hand hygiene performance when the hospital worked collabo...
A new study reveals that density measurements separate rocky and water-rich exoplanets around red dwarf stars, suggesting a third population with 50% rock and 50% water composition. This discovery improves our understanding of small planet formation and evolution, paving the way for future searches for signs of life.
Researchers from Purdue University have proposed a method to generate entangled photons at extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths, enabling the tracking of electron dynamics on attosecond timescales. This could push the limits of measurement down to zeptoseconds, improving our understanding of atomic and molecular behavior.
Researchers developed a thin lens with a continuously tunable focal length to alleviate vergence-accommodation conflict in AR/VR devices. The Alvarez lens can change focus continuously within a large range while being compact and lightweight.
A new study found that early life exposure to antibiotics in neonatal mice has long-lasting effects on their microbiota, enteric nervous system, and gut function. This could mean that babies given antibiotics may experience gastrointestinal issues later in life.
A 12,000-year analysis of El Niño's impact on animal communities reveals a tipping point where five or more major events per century lead to dramatic changes in eastern Pacific ecosystems. This finding suggests that strong El Niño events will play an increasingly important role in shaping future ecosystems.
A study from the University of Gothenburg found that the number of surgeries performed by a urology surgeon has no effect on men's risk of developing postoperative urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery. The researchers analyzed data from over 4,600 men who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2017 and 2019.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital studied 36 families affected by Hodgkin lymphoma and identified 44 novel genetic variants linked to cancer predisposition, including PAX5, GATA3, IRF7, EEF2KMT, and POLR1E. The study provides new insights into the disease and may help identify potential targets for new treatments.
A new study found that tighter blood sugar control for women with gestational diabetes reduced infant death, trauma, and shoulder dystocia by half. However, it also increased the risk of serious health complications for the mother, such as major postpartum hemorrhage.
SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 8, 2022
A new study published in Cell Reports has identified the molecular pathways responsible for reduced seizures during fasting. The researchers found that amino acid sensing plays a critical role in the beneficial effects of fasting on seizures, suggesting targeted dietary strategies may be effective for patients without DEPDC5 mutations.
A new study by Flinders University researchers highlights the critical link between environmental degradation and pandemics, emphasizing the need for urgent ecosystem restoration efforts to aid in COVID-19 recovery. The study suggests that up to 95% of land on Earth will be degraded by 2050 if effective measures are not taken.
A recent study found that one-third of wild bee species in Pennsylvania have declined in abundance over a six-year period. Researchers sampled bees at eight locations and collected over 26,700 individual bees representing five families and 144 species.
A study by researchers at Linköping University suggests that severe COVID-19 infection has long-lasting negative effects on the immune system. The results showed that patients developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 within 2-3 weeks of symptoms, which then started to fall after six months.
A new survey of 17,000 Europeans found that 8 in 10 believe tans are attractive and healthy, despite decades of awareness campaigns linking sun exposure to skin cancer and aging. The study also revealed low levels of adherence to sun protection habits, with only 1 in 10 using all forms of protection.
A new study identified a specific enzyme, PDE11A, responsible for memory loss in social interactions with age. By manipulating this enzyme, researchers may develop therapies to prevent or reverse age-related cognitive decline.
Researchers develop conditionally active immunofluorescence probe, C11_Fab Q-body, for imaging p53 biomarker protein in live cancer cells. The probe displays high sensitivity and target specificity, enabling precise visualization of intracellular dynamics.
A new study reveals that Black children with complex communication needs receive significantly less AAC-based instruction than their white counterparts. Research examined two waves of data from 78 children and found that only 29% of Black students received 90 minutes or more of AAC instruction per week, compared to 63% of white students.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati found that emphasizing cost savings over global warming increases support for renewable energy sources. The study tested four messaging approaches and found durable bipartisan effects in favor of cost savings.
The DREAM project aims to optimize indoor production by studying plant needs and providing cultivation protocols for better resource management. The researchers will develop new sensors to interrogate plants and algae under natural-like light, allowing for customized lighting tools that adapt energy supply to plant needs.
A new study by a global team of researchers has revealed subtle alterations in the size of the brain's prefrontal region in young people with mood disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study suggests that these associations may be absent or more difficult to identify in more diverse samples.
A study by Penn State researchers found that supplementing dairy cow feed with enzymes from Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger increased milk production and solid concentrations. The dual enzyme supplementation promoted microbial activity in the rumen, enhancing digestion of fibrous components.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have produced a high-resolution crystal structure of the nsp14 enzyme essential to SARS-CoV-2 survival. This discovery could lead to the design of new antivirals to combat current and future coronaviruses.
Researchers have created a stem cell-based model of the human liver, allowing for the study of how Ebola virus infects liver cells. The infected cultures showed that viral infection directly disrupts liver function, while immune cells can transfer the virus to other cells.
A new study from the University of Waterloo highlights the need for Toronto's public transit system to improve its accessibility and affordability to retain vulnerable users. The researchers recommend a reassessment of travel networks, equitable pricing, and enhanced safety measures to connect core riders better with the rest of the city.
A team of engineers and doctors at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities have designed a unique 3D-printed light-sensing medical device that correlates light exposure with disease flare-ups in people with lupus. The device provides real-time feedback to help determine what causes symptoms.
A study of 543 children and teenagers found that those whose parents preferred a language other than English were twice as likely to wait more than 90 days for surgery. The researchers urge orthopedic departments to provide more equitable care for non-English speaking families.
A single genetic change in the TKTL1 protein enabled increased neocortical neurogenesis in modern humans, potentially contributing to their unique cognitive abilities. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of the human brain and may help predict its future development.
A new study has suggested that recommended VACV-based vaccines will mount a robust immune response against the 2022 monkeypox virus. The research found that the genetic mutations observed in MPXV-2022 may not significantly affect vaccine-induced immunity.
A new study identified distinct metabolic profiles in women with Idiopathic Intercranial Hypertension (IIH), a condition characterized by raised brain pressure. Weight loss programs showed positive effects on results, suggesting that metabolism plays a role in disease development.
Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes and obesity are twice as likely to develop attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a new study. The researchers found that excessive weight gain during pregnancy was a significant risk factor for ADHD in offspring, but not within normal weight gain ranges.
Researchers from the European Insomnia Network found that outdoor nighttime temperatures outside thermal comfort can affect human sleep. To combat this, try keeping a bedroom below 25 degrees Celsius, using fans instead of air conditioning, and staying hydrated during heatwaves.
A climate simulation study analyzed precipitation isotope changes in Asian monsoon and arid regions over the past 300,000 years. The study found significant regional differences in annual δ18Op variations, with distinct controlling factors for each region.
A $4.6 million NSF grant will provide microelectronics and nanomanufacturing training to military service members and veterans through a consortium of nine academic institutions and eight industries. The program aims to address the growing need for skilled workers in the US semiconductor industry.
Researchers have developed a new catalyst that efficiently produces hydrogen and oxygen from both seawater and freshwater using a single compound. The catalyst simplifies the engineering challenges of water splitting and reduces costs, making it an attractive option for producing clean energy.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a protein called GarD that cloaks Chlamydia bacteria from the host cell's immune system, allowing it to evade detection and elimination. Mutating this protein makes the bacteria vulnerable to destruction, offering new avenues for treatment.
A comprehensive genomic analysis reveals the origins and global expansion of domestic donkeys over thousands of years. The study found a single domestication event in eastern Africa around 7000 years ago, followed by expansions into Eurasia and Asia.
Researchers discovered seven sperm whale vocal clans in the Pacific Ocean, each with unique dialects and identity codas. The study suggests that whales use these vocalizations to distinguish themselves from other groups, similar to human ethnic markers.
Threespine stickleback fish evolved resistance to freshwater tapeworms by forming scar tissue around them, which prevents the worms from growing. However, this defense has a significant fitness cost for female sticklebacks, as they are 80% less likely to successfully breed due to the accumulated scarring.
A research team analyzed the economic feasibility of in situ upgrading technology by assessing the energy consumption ratio. They found that appropriate well spacing and minimum total organic content are crucial for efficient energy use. The study aims to promote the application of this technology for optimized oil shale exploitation.
A study at Washington State University has identified sulfatase-2 as a critical protein driving damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery sheds light on molecular processes behind inflammation in the disease and could lead to improved treatments.
Researchers have developed a new display technology using quantum dots that can increase the efficiency and lifespan of LED displays. The new technology uses a single layer of quantum dots as the emissive layer, which can reduce voltage loss and improve light extraction efficiency.
Scientists have identified 30 distinct compounds responsible for the Appalachian truffle's aroma, including six previously unknown to other truffle species. The findings may lead to future studies on the unique properties of this North American variety.
A new study reveals a strong link between residential exposure to petroleum refining pollutants and stroke rates in the southern United States. Living near petrol refineries accounted for 5.6% of strokes in adults, with sociodemographic factors influencing the prevalence of strokes.
Researchers have found a way to control spin in Hafnium diselenide, a material that could lead to more efficient spintronics. This discovery provides an entirely new route towards generating spin-polarised currents from transition metal dichalcogenides.
A study of 219 patients with long COVID and neurologic symptoms found that 64% had an impaired sense of smell. Patients with impaired smell may experience severe and lasting loss of smell, even after recovery from acute COVID-19.
A new study reveals that many exoplanets around M-dwarf stars may be composed of half water and half rock, rather than having surface oceans. The discovery suggests that these planets are likely to have water embedded in the rock or in pockets below the surface.
Scientists have discovered a potential path against inherited neurodegenerative diseases by increasing the activity of TRAP1, which promotes mitochondrial protein-folding and corrects lysosomal dysfunction. This approach may have implications for treating multiple disorders affecting the central nervous system.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found wide genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 viruses among 360 patients, showing that all individual infections include multiple variants of the virus. The study highlights the importance of examining variations that are historically considered noise to better understand how these genetic ch...
Researchers propose using wastewater epidemiology to monitor monkeypox spread, detecting viral DNA in sewage and potentially identifying low infection rates. The method could be optimized for community-level monitoring, providing a valuable framework for developing robust programs.
The study found that hospitals vary in their stocking practices and often rely on wholesale distributors or neighboring facilities to acquire non-stocked antimicrobials. Researchers recommend improving information sharing and collaboration among local hospitals to reduce barriers to timely treatment.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics controlled the fine structure splitting of lead halide perovskite quantum dots by inducing lattice distortion. This allows for coherent quantum beating, a crucial phenomenon in quantum information science.
A new study reconstructs the skeletal structure of Coelurosauravus elivensis, a Late Permian reptile that likely used tree canopy changes to facilitate its evolution. The research reveals the gliding apparatus was supported by either the gastralia or musculature of the trunk.
A recent study of 17,000 participants found that COVID-19 boosters or third doses were generally well tolerated by pregnant and lactating women. The study suggests that these vaccines can be safely administered during pregnancy and breastfeeding, addressing concerns about vaccine uptake among this demographic.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a new approach to analyze splicing variant data to identify disease-associated genetic variations. The study reveals that analyzing the coding sequences of gene splicing variants can help uncover the genetic basis of many diseases.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy that rescues cilia defects in retinal cells affected by Leber congenital amaurosis, a disease causing blindness in early childhood. The therapy restores opsin protein concentration in photoreceptor outer segments, suggesting functional NPHP5 may stabilize the primary cilium gate.
New research published in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry found that green household consumer products (HCPs) can be either less toxic or more toxic than their conventional counterparts. The study involved testing various HCPs on grass shrimp and Daphnia Magna, a type of freshwater crustacean.
Researchers have developed a synthetic drug that stops cancer cells from producing energy by blocking oxygen conversion. The tiny hairs formed by the drug's molecules can kill even aggressive and untreatable cancer cells within four hours.
Poor periodontal health is linked to a higher risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Tooth loss alone increases the odds of cognitive decline by 23% and dementia risk by 13%.
A new study has successfully predicted ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass using a simple blood test. The liquid biopsy technology captures circulating tumor cells, allowing for genetic analysis in just a couple of hours, which can help diagnose the disease earlier.
A study by Prof. Weiwei Liu's group reveals a negative correlation between plasma density and THz radiation intensity, with maximum radiation at minimum plasma density. The researchers attribute this to the electron drifting velocity, which dominates THz pulse generation.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) method that uses battery- or solar-powered electricity to purify water. The method has shown promise in treating ground and brackish water, but needs improvement for more highly concentrated sources like seawater.
The PROSPER RCC trial showed no difference in recurrence-free survival between arms, with higher adverse events reported in the nivolumab arm. The trial's results inform future research on neoadjuvant trials in high-risk renal cell carcinoma.
The International Journal of Dermatology calls on dermatologists to take action against climate change by reducing carbon emissions through increased use of telehealth. The authors also emphasize the need for funding prioritization for climate-health research to improve healthcare sustainability and decarbonize the profession.
A study by Rutgers researchers found that rural Americans have a higher smoking prevalence and a harder time quitting than urban residents. The odds of quitting were 75% lower in rural areas compared to urban areas between 2010 and 2020.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center found that metabolic imaging, combined with traditional treatment response assessment methods, can provide critical information to guide therapy for pancreatic cancer patients. The use of positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracer adds significant pr...
Dr. Nathan Hogaboom has won the prestigious Ernest Bors, MD Award for Scientific Development for his pioneering work on regenerative rehabilitation research in spinal cord injury. His award-winning study applied novel principles to treat debilitating shoulder pain in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.
Researchers found that vagus nerve stimulation increases coupling between the stomach and brain, particularly in regions already communicating with the stomach. This improvement can be produced almost instantaneously and spread rapidly.
A study by Indiana University researchers found that rural Americans are more prone to smoking and have lower chances of quitting. According to the study, in 2020, current smoking prevalence was higher in rural areas (19.2%) compared to urban areas (14.4%), while quit ratios were similar.
A Rutgers University study found that over 18% of previously abused LGBT residents reported increased intimate partner violence during the early days of the pandemic. Those living in the South and with moderate to severe depression were particularly affected, being more than four times as likely to report increased instances of IPV.
Researchers analyzed water's role in heterogeneous acid-base catalysis, finding that polar surface functionalities and H-bonding characteristics significantly impact reactions. The review provides insights into the chemical origins of water effects and their catalytic consequences.
Researchers found tropical soil microbes decline in diversity and increase CO2 emissions with simulated global warming. The findings threaten rainforest ecosystems and carbon storage, emphasizing the urgency for conservation.
A recent study published in npj Vaccines found that receiving at least two doses of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine dramatically reduces long-term symptoms. Eight of the ten most-commonly reported symptoms were reported between 50 and 80% less often among vaccinated individuals compared to those who received no doses.
Champalimaud Foundation researchers have developed a new biomarker, IgG-positive EVs, to assess treatment response in pancreatic cancer patients. These extracellular vesicles increase during disease progression and decrease in response to therapy, offering a more reliable tool for evaluating tumour status.
Scientists at EPFL have created an intelligent microscope that uses artificial neural networks to automate image acquisition and reduce sample stress. The technique can capture more detailed images of bacterial division and mitochondrial constrictions, leading to a better understanding of these rare biological events.
The University of California, Davis has received a $10 million grant to continue its work on managing and preventing mosquito- and tick-borne diseases. Researchers will focus on finding effective methods to stop these diseases while training the next generation of public-health scientists.
Researchers found that early weight loss is strongly associated with short and medium-term success in weight management programmes. Those who fail to lose at least 0.5% of their body weight after three sessions are unlikely to succeed. The threshold of failing to achieve 0.5% body weight loss was 95% accurate at identifying participant...
John Barrows, a postdoctoral researcher at Kennesaw State University, has earned a two-year NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship grant worth $138,000 to study DNA-binding proteins within bacteria. The funding will enable further research and mentoring of undergraduates in the lab.
The study reveals that between 90 and 99 percent of all deforestation in the tropics is driven directly or indirectly by agriculture. The majority of deforestation results in land speculation or abandoned projects, rather than actively producing agricultural production.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis are developing a new wound dressing to overcome obstacles to healing in people with diabetes, including chronic inflammation and delayed growth of new blood vessels.
A new study reveals that frequent El Nino events drive dramatic faunal turnover in eastern Pacific coastal ecosystems, causing declines in phytoplankton and zooplankton. This tipping point has important implications for understanding changes to the region's future ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a mouse embryo model using only embryonic stem cells, achieving a high level of developmental stages including beating hearts and brain formation. This advancement opens up new avenues for understanding human pregnancy loss and developing organs in culture.
Researchers found that soil microbiota facilitates the growth of invasive garden lupine and provides defense against herbivores. The plants grown with natural soil microbes produced compounds that deter snails, while those with reduced microbiota showed no such effect.