A new AI-based system can detect signs of biological life in samples with high accuracy, enabling the search for life on other planets. The system uses machine-learning methods to analyze data from various sources and predict whether a sample is biological or non-biological.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that even highly diluted wastewater from treatment plants can exert significant effects on stream communities, reducing invertebrate diversity and altering trophic networks. The researchers emphasize the need for more stringent treatments to conserve freshwater food webs.
A recent study by Kate McDowell found that librarians face obstacles such as fear of data and time constraints when using data storytelling. To overcome these barriers, McDowell suggests prioritizing storytelling before data storage to make the most of data collection.
Researchers developed a new catalyst using bismuth selenide, a topological insulator, to synthesize organoureas at room temperature with almost 100% yield. The catalyst's unique properties allow for stable surface states and recyclability.
Research finds soil heat extremes are underestimated and intensifying climate change effects, with a stronger trend in the soil than in the air. Soil moisture plays a crucial role in these extreme temperatures, particularly in forests where trees can reduce evaporation losses.
A recent study published in Journal of Advertising sheds light on the effects of in-stream video advertising on ad information encoding. The research found that mid-roll ads elicit negative emotions but do not affect viewers' purchase intention. In contrast, pre- and post-roll ads have a significant impact on memory formation, highligh...
A new study defines systemic cooling poverty as a multidimensional concept that considers climate, thermal comfort infrastructures, social inequality, health, and education. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing heat exposure risks with effective coordination between sectors like housing, healthcare, and agriculture.
Researchers developed a novel optimization method combining natural evolutionary strategy with gradient descent to overcome the barren plateau problem in parametric quantum circuits. The new method exhibited superior performance in achieving higher accuracy, showcasing its potential for revolutionizing quantum algorithm optimization.
A study suggests that dispersal plays a major role in microbial succession after a fire. Researchers found that the emerging microbial communities in the soil surface changed with the seasons and plant reappearance, driven by dispersal. Dispersal from air contributed significantly to microbes entering the soil surface.
Researchers analyzed pottery lipids at the Shangzhai site in Beijing, revealing that ancient people consumed millet, terrestrial non-ruminant meat, and wild ruminant dairy. This provides new insights into subsistence strategy and millet agriculture development during this time period.
Adult Black patients experience higher risk of physical restraint in emergency departments compared to other racial groups, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study emphasizes the importance of considering how racism may affect disparate use of restraints among adult patients.
The US Department of Energy has awarded $115 million to support the development and operation of the High Rigidity Spectrometer at FRIB. This instrument will enable scientists to characterize rare isotopes created in high-energy reactions, expanding FRIB's scientific reach and productivity.
A cross-sectional survey of 294 primary care patients found leg cramps are a common symptom (51.7%) associated with age-related decline and poor sleep quality. Clinicians should review resting leg cramps as a marker for impaired health and aging, and address the issue to optimize healthy aging.
A study found that severe erythrocytosis, where hematocrit is over 54%, is a rare outcome of testosterone therapy in adults. Researchers recommend reevaluating the need for frequent lab screenings to minimize unnecessary draws among patients who prefer not to undergo regular checks.
A Rutgers study found that fear of missing out (FOMO) is a significant driver for regretful parents to have children, with 7% of parents saying they would not have children if they could do it over again. The study analyzed narratives from Reddit's /r/childfree community and identified FOMO as a key discourse among regretful parents.
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology found that independents are more likely to frame their position in terms of opposition to one party or candidate, rather than support for the other. This negativity extends beyond politics to non-political preferences as well.
Scientists validate a long-held ecological distribution theory, but find it doesn't hold true for islands with human habitation. The findings suggest that traditional models of the natural world may no longer be valid in the face of mounting local human impacts.
Researchers developed MonoXiver, a new method to help AI extract 3D information from 2D images, making cameras more useful tools for emerging technologies. The method significantly improves accuracy when used in conjunction with existing techniques, such as MonoCon.
A learning collaborative enhanced educational and training support services for primary care doctors to use mifepristone for miscarriage management and abortion provision. Clinics increased knowledge of mifepristone and stockpiled the medication, despite existing financial barriers.
Researchers surveyed patients undergoing elective surgeries and found that reducing opioid prescriptions led to higher patient satisfaction with pain management. The study's results were used to develop evidence-based guidelines for prescribing opioids after surgery, aiming to balance managing pain and opioid use.
The Transitional Care Model has been successfully incorporated into nurse practitioner curricula to address the challenges of managing transitions in care for older adults. This approach prepares adult-gerontology acute care nurse practitioners to identify and address gaps in transitional care, resulting in improved cost and quality ou...
A scoping review identified four key themes: everyday language, thorough information, adequate discussion time, and a trusting relationship. The study also highlighted the impact of racism on Black men's medical interactions. Researchers suggest strategies to support men's communication preferences.
A new MU study found that APRNs recognize the importance of breast cancer survivorship care and can benefit from standardized education. The findings suggest that formalizing education on breast cancer survivorship could lead to improved healthcare for patients, including symptom management, monitoring, and follow-up appointments.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new injectable solution that self-assembles into a gel, releasing lamivudine for up to 42 days with nearly no side effects. This hydrogel could help manage HIV by reducing dosing frequencies and improving treatment adherence.
A study of 80 online marijuana dispensaries found that most lacked adequate age verification features and accepted nontraceable payment methods. This enabled youth to hide their transactions, with almost 1 in 5 dispensaries requiring no formal age verification at any stage.
Clinical researchers developed a single prescriber account to centralize ordering and distribution of mifepristone, reducing barriers to providing abortion care. The new process mirrors other health system procedures and sets the stage for rapid expansion of medication abortion access in a post- Roe environment.
A study found that 80.3% of patients with metastatic breast cancer who received standard care treatment with alpelisib developed hyperglycemia, with 40.2% experiencing serious hyperglycemia. Lifestyle interventions and medication may help improve blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of needing to discontinue the drug.
Tiny waterfleas have been discovered to hold the key to removing persistent chemical pollutants from wastewater, improving environmental health and human well-being. The sustainable management of water resources is crucial for societal and economic benefits.
Primary care teams struggle to implement quality improvement efforts due to staff turnover, staffing shortages, and time constraints exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers recommend direct support for primary care to alleviate burnout and improve participation in quality improvement projects.
A team of researchers identified a protein called RAC2 that appears to drive the foreign body response, which causes the body to reject biomedical implants. Suppressing production of this protein could reduce the risk of implant rejection and improve the design and safety of implants.
A study found that autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) can safely slow the progression of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. In nearly two-thirds of patients, there was no evidence of disease activity after 5 years and almost two-thirds after 10 years.
Researchers found dementia prevalence among people with ID to be 6.44%, with modifiable risk factors identified as hypertension, depression, stroke, age, severity of ID, duration of education, and traumatic brain injury. These findings can inform better screening and support for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
A team of chemical engineers successfully modified the acidity of a zeolite catalyst to improve paraxylene yield from methanol. The iron-based redox switch demonstrated stability through 16 regeneration cycles, resulting in a three- to six-fold increase in reaction yield.
Researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to observe TRAPPIST-1 b, finding strong stellar contamination in its transmission spectra. The team discovered that stellar activity can create 'ghost signals' that may fool observers into thinking they have detected specific molecules in the exoplanet's atmosphere.
Researchers investigate protists in Lassen Volcanic National Park's hot and acidic geothermal lake to gain insight into their evolution and genome biology. They aim to understand how these organisms adapted to survive in extreme environments, which could expand the understanding of life's potential habitats.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that senescent macrophages in the lung promote tumor growth by blocking the immune system's response to abnormal cell growth. Eliminating these senescent cells delays tumor formation, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel superconducting qubit architecture that can perform operations between qubits with high accuracy, exceeding 99.9% for two-qubit gates and 99.99% for single-qubit gates. The new design utilizes fluxonium qubits, which have longer lifespans than traditional transmon qubits.
ETRI showcases innovative display and stereoscopic imaging technologies, enabling a truly realistic metaverse world. The institute unveiled 11 technologies, including hyper-reality displays, converged displays, and 3D stereoscopic shape inspection equipment.
A new clinical and research partnership has created an AI model that can predict whether cancerous tissue has been fully removed from the body during breast cancer surgery. The model performed as well as humans in identifying positive margins, especially in patients with higher breast density.
Clinician staff perspectives on implementing Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) screening in Los Angeles County Pediatric Clinics revealed that screening can elicit important patient information and build trust. However, challenges arise from insufficient time for screening, inadequate training, and limited referral resources.
A mixed methods study of 53,246 patients and 56 clinicians found that gay and lesbian patients, cisgender women, and doctors' sociodemographics are linked to higher odds of documented sexual history. Conversely, older patients, long-term relationships, and non-English primary languages are associated with lower odds.
Research suggests that a merged supercontinent will lead to extreme temperatures, making most of the world uninhabitable for mammals. The team used supercomputer climate models to simulate temperature trends, leading to predictions of widespread heat stress and mortality in humans and other species.
Esposito-Smythers will train 150 clinicians and 40 clinical supervisors in the use of measurement-based care to administer culturally sensitive assessments, improving outcomes for diverse youth and families. Funding from SAMHSA aims to reduce health disparities through evidence-based practices.
A study using engineered mice found that BA.5, a contagious omicron subvariant, replicates rapidly early during infection, causing significant weight loss and high levels of inflammatory cells and cytokines in lungs.
Researchers at the University of Exeter found that certain antibiotics can alleviate stress and help prevent bacterial decline, allowing more bacteria to survive longer. The study, published in PNAS, suggests that these drugs can promote bacterial longevity and growth efficiency.
Research finds that wealthier children in the UK experienced a greater decline in mental health during the pandemic, contradicting predictions. Meanwhile, child mental health has become more equal but worsened overall, according to the study.
A new study published in Nature Climate Change assesses the last 24 years of ocean acidification research and finds that negative effects remain consistently observed. The researchers' efforts to reproduce early results have shown improvement over time, with sufficient data contributing to a rebuilt confidence in the community.
A new machine-learning model, PLABAC, predicts coronavirus disease progression in hospitalized patients based on five routine tests and patient age. The model has shown strong results in predicting mortality for patients with COVID-19 variants, offering improved outcomes for patients hospitalized with the virus.
The National Science Foundation has added Worcester Polytechnic Institute to its Wildfire Interdisciplinary Research Center, a collaboration between universities and industry. WPI will leverage its expertise in fire protection to study new fire detection methods, robotics solutions for first responder safety, and fire suppression systems.
A new study by the University of South Australia found that social media use is linked to higher self-judgemental attitudes and a greater likelihood of considering cosmetic surgery. The research also highlights the importance of self-compassion in mitigating these effects.
A study by CSIC reveals fairy circles are more common than thought, linked to low nitrogen content and rainfall below 200 mm/year. The formations show increased stability in productivity compared to other ecosystems, providing insights into ecosystem resilience and potential indicators of degradation with climate change.
Pregnant women are urged to get vaccinated against COVID-19 to protect themselves and their babies. A new study suggests that COVID-19 vaccines and boosters can significantly improve maternal-fetal outcomes.
Visits to parents' countries of origin during holidays can boost heritage language fluency in bilingual children. Children who attended mainstream school and took additional Greek classes performed better in tests that targeted vocabulary and grammatical structures.
The research team successfully developed nanomaterials through a bottom-up approach, exploiting the directionality of crystal growth during crystallisation. The resulting nanostructures have potential applications in various fields, including information processing and catalysis.
A global research collaboration led by WEHI has found a way to boost a gene linked to FSHD, potentially disabling the toxic protein responsible for muscle cells and tissue death. The discovery brings the team closer to finding a treatment for the genetic condition, which affects around 870,000 people worldwide.
A study of over 1 million Swedish men found that high blood pressure at age 18 was associated with a higher risk of major cardiovascular events, including heart failure, heart attacks, and strokes. Early intervention for hypertension may be critical to reducing later cardiovascular events.
A research team reviews recent progress in methane conversion using photocatalysis, outlining advances and challenges. Photocatalysts offer a promising alternative to traditional methods, producing high-value fuels and chemicals with low carbon emissions.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered two novel yeast species with high oil-forming potential, which could be used to produce alternative biofuels and reduce CO2 emissions. The study also explores the relationship between climate and microbial ecology in Shiga Prefecture.
A Dartmouth study analyzing wearable data from 137 US adults with type 1 diabetes found seasonal fluctuations in blood sugar management. Patients tend to maintain healthier levels during warmer months and struggle more during colder months, particularly during holidays.
An international team has decoded the TSPO protein to visualize neuroinflammation, revealing its relationship with microglial cells. The study's findings pave the way for optimizing observation of neuroinflammatory processes and re-reading previous studies.