Researchers discovered that Caenorhabditis elegans worms exhibit persistent brain activity and ignore food when subjected to electrical stimulation, suggesting a basic emotional response. The study suggests that genes controlling emotions in worms may have counterparts in humans, potentially leading to new treatments for mood disorders.
Researchers detected a high-energy particle event on the surfaces of Earth, Moon, and Mars, marking the first Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) on three planetary bodies. The study found that future humans may face significant radiation risks during approximately one out of every five Solar Energetic Particle events.
Scientists have identified a long non-coding RNA called SNHG8 that plays a crucial role in the development of toxic protein tangles in brain diseases like Alzheimer's. Replacing this RNA can prevent stress granule formation, which contributes to tau aggregation and brain damage.
Researchers have identified 11 genes associated with aggressive prostate cancer, which could lead to more effective treatments and earlier detection. The findings come from a large-scale study of over 17,500 patients and may help personalize care for individuals with the disease.
Researchers compared transcriptomic profiles of human 8-cell-like cells and blastomeres to understand early human embryonic development. The study found that reprogrammed iBM cells showed the highest similarity to the 8-cell-stage embryo, while other 8CLCs were heterogeneous.
Two renowned biomedical researchers, Professor Emile R. Chimusa and Professor Simon Johnson, have been awarded £1 million to conduct world-leading research into prostate cancer and mitochondrial disease. The grant will support the establishment of new interdisciplinary research teams and advance medical science.
A new device based on twisted double bilayer graphene has been developed, showing radical improvement in ultra-broadband photodetection. The device can detect light efficiently over a wide spectral range, from far-terahertz to near-infrared, with good internal quantum efficiency and scalability.
Researchers found that combining adoptive T cell therapy with a personalized cancer vaccine improved control of the disease in 12 out of 17 patients with late-stage ovarian cancer. The treatment was also safe and relatively well-tolerated, with median overall survival time exceeding six months for most patients.
Researchers have successfully developed a robot that can autonomously navigate through living lung tissue, avoiding vital structures such as airways and blood vessels. This innovation enables surgeons to reach previously inaccessible small tumors, improving treatment outcomes for patients with lung cancer.
A new system using satellite data improves crop area and yield estimates, providing critical information for food security and sustainability planning. The WorldCereal project offers a cloud-based platform with diverse operational models to cater to various user communities.
A study published in eBioMedicine identified 9 sets of biomarkers, both metagenomic and transcriptomic, associated with 30-day mortality in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. The biomarkers were validated with an accuracy of 85%, significantly higher than existing clinical prediction models.
A Texas A&M University team, led by historian Dr. Daniel Schwartz, is working to preserve the 2,000-year-old Syriac language, deemed endangered due to conflict and persecution in the Middle East. The project, Syriaca.org, aims to safeguard cultural heritage and make it accessible to expat communities worldwide.
Researchers used mass spectrometry and transcriptomics to identify key targets of artemisinin, which may interfere with redox homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and protein synthesis. The study provides valuable insights into combating malaria and addressing emerging resistance.
Researchers developed a method to degrade organic pollutants and color removal in poultry litter digestate using photocatalytic titanate nanofibers. The study found optimal conditions for removing volatile fatty acids and chemical oxygen demand, demonstrating the effectiveness of TNFs in treating anaerobic digestate.
A comprehensive study found no evidence that e-cigarettes promote smoking and may even compete against cigarettes, potentially speeding up the decline in smoking rates. The study compared countries with different e-cigarette regulations and found a slower decline in smokers among those with stricter controls.
A new study by researchers at the Complexity Science Hub found that Mexican cartels have between 160,000 and 185,000 members, making them the fifth largest employer in the country. Disrupting cartel recruitment is the only way to lower violence in Mexico, according to the research.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect microRNA targets at the level of single cells, allowing for detailed study of gene regulation. This breakthrough enables researchers to follow microRNA targeting of thousands of RNAs during biological processes, revealing surprising complexity in each cell.
Researchers create adenine base editor with 'on/off' switch, reducing off-target edits by over 70% and increasing accuracy of on-target edits. The tool has potential to correct nearly half of disease-causing point mutations in human genome.
Researchers found that mothers' bodies retain a long-term supply of immune suppressive T cells that recognize the next fetus by the same couple, instructing the rest of the immune system to stand down. This 'memory' effect persists in women even after childbirth.
A new study co-written by a researcher from the University of Kansas examined TeachLivE, a simulator that allows pre-service teachers to deliver lessons in front of a virtual classroom of avatars. The results showed that the simulation experience combined with personalized feedback data can support teachers' practice of skills of their...
University of Queensland researchers have identified a novel molecule that could overcome cancer drug resistance and prevent tumour regrowth in cancer patients. The newly discovered molecule is not currently a target for treatment, opening the potential for new drug development to combat this major cause of death in cancer patients.
Researchers analyzed over 400 bone remains from a Spanish cave, finding marks compatible with a cleaning process for instrumental use. The study supports the idea that prehistoric societies used human bones in rituals and cultural practices, dating back to the Neolithic period.
Researchers found that next-generation interventions like triple ACTs resulted in treatment failure counts at least 81% lower than traditional therapies. The study suggests extending treatment courses and using multiple drugs simultaneously may hold treatment failure rates near 10%.
Thousands of online advertisements for prohibited weeds were discovered through web scraping technology, posing a threat to Australia's environment and agriculture. The study highlights the need for regulation and public awareness to combat this growing problem.
Researchers found that displaying curiosity about religion is viewed favorably by others, suggesting it's a moral trait. Atheists also attribute greater moral goodness to curious individuals, although to a lesser extent.
Preeclampsia, a major cause of maternal mortality, has increased by 37% in Texas since 2017. A new $1.47 million NIH grant will support research initiatives to address preeclampsia rates in six Panhandle counties.
Researchers discovered that fine-tuning mitochondrial energy production reduces melanoma tumor growth and enhances immune response in mice. The study reveals that manipulating mitochondrial electron transport increases expression of immune genes and makes tumor cells more visible to killer T cells.
The Massive Transfusion in Children-II (MATIC-II) clinical trial will test multiple interventions for life-threatening bleeding in children. The trial aims to determine the most effective and safe bundle of care for pediatric trauma patients, with a focus on precision transfusion medicine.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that BNP levels are high in end-stage heart failure patients with cardiogenic shock, but no longer a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes after ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation. This study suggests reevaluating routine use of BNP testing for these patients.
Researchers have developed fresh tomatoes with improved stress tolerance and elongated fruit shapes, suitable for mechanized harvesting. The study identified the FS8.1 gene responsible for this trait, which promotes cell proliferation in the ovary wall, resulting in longer fruit shapes.
Researchers have developed a revolutionary DNA movable-type storage system, encoding 24 bytes of digital information in DNA and accurately reading it back through high-throughput sequencing. This sustainable approach eliminates costly DNA synthesis and offers potential cost reduction, scalability, and environmental friendliness.
A new species of electric blue tarantula was found in a Thai mangrove forest, showcasing its remarkable adaptability and iridescent effect. The discovery highlights the importance of taxonomy and raises concerns about the destruction of natural habitats due to deforestation.
Researchers warn that greenwashing poses a threat to achieving a 'nature positive' world, where environmental decline halts and biodiversity improves. The University of Queensland study emphasizes the need for standards and transparency to distinguish genuine efforts from misleading claims.
A recent study found that Ice Age cave artists in Northern Spain may have experienced pareidolia, seeing meaningful forms in random patterns, and used this to inform their depictions of animals. The researchers also discovered that the majority of images showed a strong relationship to natural features on the cave walls.
Researchers have found that diamond materials can release electrons in water and trigger chemical reactions when excited by light. The team used X-ray spectroscopy to precisely track the processes taking place on the surface of diamond materials, revealing that they are well-suited for use in aqueous solutions.
New research reveals similarities between dinosaurs and birds in terms of protein composition in their feathers. Analysis of fossil feathers from Sinornithosaurus and Confuciusornis showed beta-proteins, similar to those found in modern bird feathers.
Scientists at NeuroRestore have developed a gene therapy that stimulates nerve regrowth and guides nerves to reconnect to their natural targets, restoring mobility in mice with complete spinal cord injuries. The treatment, tested in mice, shows promise in reversing paralysis and improving motor function.
A randomized clinical trial shows cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) reduces fibromyalgia pain and improves daily living. CBT alters brain connectivity to reduce catastrophizing, a key contributor to fibromyalgia symptoms.
Phil Ansell reviewed over 300 research projects to assess sustainable aviation fuels, finding that multiple energy carriers have potential. Bio jet fuel pathways, power-to-liquid pathways for synthetic kerosene, liquid hydrogen, and battery electric systems were among the options examined.
The supplement to Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine presents a compendium of abstracts from the 2023 World Congress on Spina Bifida Research and Care. The issue highlights the importance of international collaboration in addressing complex medical conditions like spina bifida.
A new model for producing human brown fat cells in vitro has been developed, providing a potential solution for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes. The researchers identified key cellular signaling cues that lead to brown adipocyte formation and successfully reproduced this process in human pluripotent stem cells.
A team of researchers has developed a color-shifting coating inspired by the Namaqua chameleon's ability to regulate its body temperature. The coating can keep buildings cool in summer or warm in winter without additional energy, saving considerable amounts of energy for regions with multiple seasons.
Over 75% of hospitalized AKI patients lack proper follow-up kidney health testing after discharge. Less than 25% have kidney function monitored with blood and urine tests within 90 days of discharge.
Researchers at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago found a genetic biomarker that correlates with increased prevalence of anaphylaxis or severe reaction to food in patients with food allergies. The presence of α-tryptase, encoded by the TPSAB1 gene, is associated with more severe symptoms.
A new study published in Diabetologia reveals that morning and afternoon physical activity are associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers found that each 1-unit increase in MET-hour physical activity was linked to a 10% reduction in risk, with the association being most pronounced in the morning and aft...
A new study uses AI to predict mortality rates in patients with hip fractures, identifying key biomarkers for poor outcomes. The model achieved accurate predictions using basic blood and lab test data as well as demographic information.
A study published in the Chinese Medical Journal reveals that methotrexate can be an effective treatment for liver cancer with a specific genetic mutation. The drug works by disrupting nucleotide synthesis in cancer cells, making it a promising alternative to current first-line treatments.
A team led by Professor In Soo-Il at DGIST developed a high-efficiency photocatalyst that converts CO2 into methane using solar energy. The research improved the composition of nanoparticle co-catalysts and ruthenium doping to maximize optical and electrical properties, achieving enhanced CO2 adsorption and conversion efficiency.
Research on sea-level rise's impact on freshwater mussels reveals that high salt concentrations can be toxic to young mussels. The study provides guidance for conservation programs addressing climate-induced sea level rise and saltwater intrusion, affecting numerous vulnerable species.
A study funded by a $180,000 grant from the National Science Foundation will investigate sleep and sleep disorders using RFID tags attached to clothing. The research aims to detect abnormal body movements that may indicate health problems, such as falls in elderly individuals.
A recent clinical trial found that creatine supplementation significantly reduced post-COVID-19 fatigue and improved related symptoms such as loss of taste and breathing difficulties. Creatine levels in leg muscles and the brain also increased after 6 months of intake.
A new study published in Geosphere explores the impact of improved data visualizations on user perception of climate change evidence. The researchers found that familiar figure formats, intentional use of color-coding, and minimal explanatory text are key to making climate change science accessible to the general public.
A comprehensive study of London's rivers found significant changes in chemical pollutants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wastewater contamination increased after restrictions lifted, with smaller rivers most impacted, and certain compounds posing environmental risks.
A new University of Kansas genomic investigation has rewritten the evolutionary history of the Homalopsidae, a group of unique mud snakes found in Southeast Asia. The study combined genetic analyses of older museum specimens with fresher field collections to reconstruct the family tree and shed light on their evolution.
A University of Oklahoma professor is conducting an ethnographic study on end-of-life care in two public palliative care wards in Mexico City. The study aims to understand the cultural and bioethical dimensions of death and dying, with a focus on improving palliative care practices.
The Tibetan Plateau plays a crucial bridging role between mid-to-high-latitude forcing and tropical regions, influencing Asian monsoon and ENSO events. The study reveals the TP's intermediate effect on the North Atlantic tripole pattern and its impact on East Asian summer monsoons.
A new study found that mussels can adjust their heart rate and clearance rate in response to elevated temperatures, showing they can persist and recover from marine heatwaves. This ability may help maintain normal functioning of the circulatory system and benefit other organisms in coastal ecosystems.
A new study found that over 2 billion people are exposed to potentially health-impacting wildfire smoke each year, with a significant increase in exposure levels over the past decade. The study highlights the severity and scale of landscape fire-sourced air pollution and its impact on public health, particularly in low-income countries.
A study of 288 skeletons and rock art reveals a surprising consistency in rates of violence over time, with an increase in lethal violence during the Formative Period. The absence of centralized political systems may have contributed to these violent tensions.
Researchers found a 55% reduction in lymphoma risk and a 40% overall reduction in blood cancer risk among bariatric surgery patients. Women with high blood sugar at the start of the study benefited most from the surgery.