A study published in Liver Research found that glucokinase activators (GKAs) improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice with diet-induced obesity. However, GKAs also induced hepatic lipid accumulation, which activated the PERK-UPR signaling pathway.
Embryos orchestrate complex tasks by temporarily relocating neurons to create space for incoming progenitor cells, ensuring harmonious organ development. This study's findings have implications beyond retinal development and may shed light on human developmental disorders.
A study found that border-associated macrophages play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Deleting MHCII from these cells reduced neuroinflammation, suggesting they are essential for presenting alpha-synuclein antigens to T cells.
New research reveals that dams have flooded over 1.13 million acres of tribal land in the US, exacerbating land dispossession and cultural heritage destruction. The study calls for dam removal, tribal ownership, or funding for repairs to address this issue.
The oldest and fastest evolving moss in the world, Takakia, may not survive climate change. Despite its rapid adaptation capabilities, the species is declining in population size due to warming temperatures and increasing UV radiation, threatening its very existence.
City of Hope will conduct Phase 1 clinical trials for novel cell and gene therapy treatments for patients with HIV, acute myeloid leukemia, and severe aplastic anemia. A CAR T therapy for HIV is also being developed to potentially target other diseases.
A randomized clinical trial found that exercise significantly reduced depressive symptoms and burnout in healthcare workers, while improving mental health. However, low adherence to exercise programming was noted towards the end of the study.
Researchers analyzed aerial images of seal colonies to study distribution patterns and found harbour seals stay at larger distances from conspecifics than grey seals, suggesting an evolutionary response to respiratory virus susceptibility. This finding provides opportunities to gather more information about pinnipeds in remote regions.
A new machine-learning method, BigMHC, can accurately predict cancer-related protein fragments that may trigger an immune system response. By leveraging massive data through transfer learning, BigMHC enables scientists to develop personalized immunotherapies and vaccines by identifying the most likely to provoke an immune response.
Research reveals US municipal bonds are priced higher for communities with larger Black populations, despite lack of correlation with climate risk. This association adds up to an estimated $900 million cost penalty per year across all Black Americans.
A study of highly migratory fish predators finds widespread losses of suitable habitat and redistribution in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico by 2100 due to climate change. The impacts are already observable, with potential loss of up to 70% of suitable habitat for some species.
Researchers have developed a highly efficient organometal halide perovskite photoanode that suppresses internal and external losses associated with photoelectrochemical water splitting, enhancing reaction kinetics. The new design achieves an unprecedented applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 12.79%.
Scientists developed a novel Double Machine Learning approach to model bird population trends, removing confounding factors caused by changing human behavior. The result is detailed trend maps for each species down to an eight-mile radius, providing valuable insights for local conservation efforts.
A systematic review demonstrates that citizen science has the potential to monitor 48 out of 58 health and wellbeing-related indicators, primarily at local and community levels. Citizen science can increase data availability, quality, and timeliness, filling critical gaps in monitoring efforts.
Researchers at University of Miami and UC Irvine develop PRIMo to model flooding scenarios, enabling stakeholders to explore benefits and drawbacks of potential response measures. The project aims to address social inequalities in flood adaptation, informing action plans for local governments.
Researchers discovered that continuous consumption of secondary microplastics acts as neurotoxins in the brain, leading to increased inflammation and cell death. The study found that artificially generated secondary microplastics from plastic leaked into the environment trigger severe brain inflammation in rats.
Researchers identified a mutation in the TMCO3 gene in two sisters with short stature, and found it regulates expression of proteins controlling bone growth. A mouse model lacking the gene confirmed its role in longitudinal growth.
A new platform for integrated spectrometers has been proposed using solution-processable semiconductors, enabling ultra-narrowband detection and spectral tuning. The platform exploits conjugated-BIC photonics, allowing for high spectral resolution and wide tunability.
Researchers at the University of Queensland believe AI can help feed 10 billion people by 2050. The technology can identify optimal genetic combinations, analyze large-scale images, and predict breed performance.
Researchers create a nanocapsulation strategy to solubilize insoluble aromatic polymers in water, enhancing their processing and development. The approach uses bent aromatic amphiphiles to form micelle-like nanocapsules that encapsulate hydrophobic molecules.
The newly expanded NSF Center for the Mechanical Control of Chemistry will investigate atomic-scale mysteries of crushing chemistry, enabling new advances in chemistry. The center will provide insights necessary for scaling up mechanical chemistry research across the US.
New research explores relationships between bighorn sheep sociality, disease transmission, and survival rates. Direct contact networks were analyzed to reveal barriers and factors influencing contact probabilities, including habitat quality, predation risk, and season.
A new study highlights the difficulty in diagnosing blood disorders like myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS), which can lead to treatment mistakes. The researchers found that expert pathologists disagreed with local pathologists' diagnoses in about 20% of cases, leading to wrong initial treatments for patients.
A study of 555 marine protected areas found that many plans contain forward-looking strategies for climate resilience. The plans overwhelmingly incorporated key principles for building resilience, including adaptive management and long-term objectives.
A Canadian woman's high blood lead level was diagnosed after multiple hospital visits for abdominal pain, constipation, and nausea. The patient had taken Ayurvedic medicines daily for over a year, leading to the seizure of hundreds of contaminated pills.
The study uses an improved artificial bee colony algorithm to minimize potential issues with ETRVs, such as excessive energy consumption and operational safety concerns. The algorithm successfully finds the most competitive solution on all instances, achieving significant improvement over other comparative algorithms.
KERI's team developed a method for printing structural colors through nanoscale 3D printing of diffraction gratings. The technology precisely controls the path of light based on wavelength, creating vivid colors without dyes.
A new study by the Annenberg Public Policy Center found that people are more likely to recommend an RSV vaccine if they understand the rigorous process of the FDA's vaccine approval process. The study showed that 57% of those exposed to a flowchart were very or somewhat likely to recommend the vaccine, compared to 40% in a control group.
The study found that walking at least 3967 steps a day reduces the risk of dying from any cause, while 2337 steps a day reduces the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. The researchers also found that every 500-1000 extra steps increase health benefits and reduce mortality risk by up to 15%.
Researchers highlight the potential of wearables to unlock new insights into physical activity and health risks. However, they also underscore challenges including data standardization, industry-academia gaps, and unequal access to these devices.
Scientists have developed a new method to manufacture high-performance aluminum matrix composites using asymmetric cryorolling, resulting in improved mechanical properties and increased ductility. The technique produces sheets with fewer microvoids, finer grain size, and higher density of dislocations.
Researchers found that inhibiting NLRP3 signaling reduces podocyte senescence, improves lifespan, and slows down healthy podocyte aging in mice. This discovery holds promise for treating age-related kidney diseases.
The new tool, SnorCall, analyzes unsolicited calls to shed light on robocall trends and types of scams. It extracted information from over 232,000 robocalls, including phone numbers used in scams, helping regulators and law enforcement take action.
Researchers at Lund University discovered that psychedelic substances LSD and ketamine cause simultaneous synchronisation of neurons in several brain regions. This phenomenon is linked to the psychedelic experience and may hold clues for understanding psychoses and consciousness.
The University of Texas at El Paso researchers Laura Alvarez and Deepak K. Tosh have been awarded $550,000 and $492,000 NSF CAREER grants for their research on river landscapes and cyber resiliency.
A study of 379 cities across 6 continents found that city-dwelling organisms have evolved smaller body sizes, diverse diets, and changes in reproduction and foraging strategies. The 'urban trait syndrome' affects different species groups, such as birds, beetles, and reptiles, with varying levels of mobility and dietary adaptations.
A £1.75m project led by Professor Chenyu Du aims to develop new processes for recovering polyester and cellulose from mixed cotton and polyester fibres. The goal is to create a roadmap towards net-zero for the textiles industry, reducing plastic waste and increasing recycling rates.
A new NIH grant will help researchers better understand brain respiratory control and develop neuromodulation strategies to prevent Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). The goal is to identify optimal stimulation paradigms for breathing enhancement during a critical time window after seizures.
A new study from the University of East Anglia found that most vapers believe a 'Swap-to-Stop' scheme providing free e-cigarettes would have helped them quit smoking. However, some respondents prefer to purchase e-cigarettes commercially due to personal preference for specific products.
A machine learning model found that background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI is an indicator of breast cancer risk in women with extremely dense breasts. Women with dense breasts are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with fatty breasts.
A new study from ICES and CAMH found that autistic females have an 83% increased risk of self-harm, while autistic males have a 47% greater risk of self-harm events. The study calls for improved mental health support tailored to the needs of autistic individuals.
A new study published in the Journal of Raptor Research found that two colonies of white-rumped vultures in Nepal demonstrated stable reproductive rates over an 11-year period. The number of occupied nests and productivity appeared to be stable, indicating a potential turning point for the critically endangered species.
A new study from Florida Atlantic University compares the characteristics and risk factors of youth detained for running away or sex trafficking to those detained for more serious offenses. The research found significant differences in abuse rates, polyvictimization, and other factors between the two groups.
Researchers found that texting pedestrians are more likely to fall in response to walkway hazards. Young adults may be more prone to taking risks despite awareness of the danger, suggesting alternative interventions like phone-locking technology could be effective.
Researchers aim to connect manufacturers and cybersecurity experts to create a community interested in solving digital manufacturing security issues. The team plans to build a website for communication and hosting workshops, conferences, and student design competitions.
Dr. McKay will investigate the chemical composition of chromophores in DOM using advanced analytical tools and conduct measurements at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. His research aims to enhance predictions regarding DOM behavior and reactivity in the environment.
The AAGBI has published new guidance on safe injection practice, highlighting the importance of prefilled and labelled syringes to avoid medication errors. The guidance recommends standardization of fit-for-purpose physical structure and medicine storage, as well as exploring technological solutions to reduce errors.
The study highlights the importance of spatially-resolved macrophage phenotyping in liver diseases. Macrophages exhibit functional and phenotypical heterogeneity, affecting disease progression.
A study outlines challenges and proposed solutions for channel estimation in high-speed railway wireless communication. Researchers explored ways to reduce dimensionality, refine algorithms, and eliminate interference to improve accuracy.
Researchers found that six bat species exhibited lower activity levels at solar farms compared to control sites, highlighting the need for mitigation strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of considering ecological impacts in planning legislation and policy.
Researchers at TUM develop an RNA agent for a lung spray that slows macrophage activity, reducing lung inflammation and fibrosis. The active substance RCS-21 is delivered via an inhaler through a special sugar molecule, showing promise in treating acute inflammatory lung damage.
The partnership supports 13 startups, most of which are new to East Tennessee, providing training, mentoring, and connections with regional government agencies and industry. The combined program aims to grow Knoxville's entrepreneurial community and strengthen its clean energy innovation ecosystem.
A team of scientists studied the impact of radiation on DNA, revealing that damaged areas are separated by a critical distance before breaking. The study found an exponential increase in DNA breakage time with distance, providing crucial information for effective DNA repair processes.
The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) has been awarded a workshop grant to develop a series of discussions on enabling interdisciplinary and collaborative science through the integration of biological and environmental data. The project aims to build an Integrated, Open, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable ...
The Estee Lauder Companies' New Incubation Ventures has launched a breakthrough prize for innovative active ingredient companies, R&D labs and scientists pushing the boundaries of Indian consumers. The prize program aims to discover and support the next generation of Indian beauty brands.
Researchers identified a new theoretical framework for oscillating superconductivity, which could revolutionize electricity transfer. The discovery provides insight into an unconventional, high-temperature superconductive state seen in certain materials.
A child patient was co-infected with Leishmania infantum and an unnamed Crithidia parasite species, revealing a rare case of non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis. Genome sequencing confirmed the presence of both parasites, sparking new research questions on disease transmission and host susceptibility.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a new method using nanopores to advance discoveries in neuroscience and medical applications. The technique allows for real-time detection of dynamic aptamer-small molecule interactions, which can aid in understanding DNA and RNA diseases and drug discovery.
A study reveals that cattle stock tanks can provide crucial water sources for raptors in the Southwestern US, helping them cope with heat stress. The research found that these tanks are used by various raptor species, including barn owls and Swainson's hawks, to drink and bathe.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology are developing a sustainable electricity storage system using AI optimisation and vanillin as the storage medium. The project aims to create an environmentally friendly system with high efficiency and safety for industry and renewable energy applications.