A new study published in JAMA Network Open shows that methadone use following surgery in infants can increase hospital stay and delay recovery. Babies who required methadone needed to stay in the hospital an average of 21 days longer after surgery, as well as more days on ventilators and IV nutrition.
Researchers from Shinshu University have developed a novel neuromodulation approach that incorporates gait-combined closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation, demonstrating significant gait improvements in patients with Parkinson's disease. The treatment showed encouraging results after just ten repetitions, improving speed, gait...
A new study using MINDWATCH brain-monitoring technology reveals that listening to music and drinking coffee can measurably alter brain arousal, improving performance in working memory tasks. Perfume had a modest positive effect as well.
The war in Ukraine has severe consequences for urban wildlife, with 45.1% of Common Noctule bat wintering roosts destroyed or damaged by shelling. This led to the direct killing of approximately 7,000 bats and entrapment of thousands more.
Researchers found that locusts have a clear preference for certain odors, such as grass and banana, while avoiding others like almond and citrus. They developed a model explaining how innate and learned preferences are generated in the locust's olfactory system.
Researchers have identified a family of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the HIV-1 envelope protein, which may contribute to long-term remission from infection. These antibodies were found to induce the elimination of infected cells and impose a selective pressure on the virus, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
The study estimates more than two of every five deaths in the Americas were associated with AMR in 2019, accounting for 11.5% of global deaths. The four most fatal infectious syndromes were bacterial respiratory infections, bloodstream infections, and urinary tract infections.
Researchers found that hospitals treating a higher volume of patients with aggressive prostate cancer have better outcomes, indicating a possible association between expertise and resource availability. Further investigation is needed to understand the specific causes behind this relationship.
Research by the Peter Doherty Institute found that inflammation alters plasma composition, hindering parasite maturation. This work reveals a new mechanism slowing down malaria parasite development in the bloodstream.
A recent study suggests that the common ancestors of bats were omnivorous, feeding on a mixture of fruits and insects. The researchers resurrected ancient proteins from six ancestral lineages and found that the sweet taste receptor was present in all extant bat species.
The DRYRivERS app is a unique open-source project that enables citizen scientists to contribute to the study of flow intermittence in rivers. By logging observations on waterways around the world, users are helping to provide precious information to river managers and advance the science and management of intermittent rivers.
New research suggests that rising temperatures may offset the impact of increased precipitation on nitrogen runoff, which could lead to reduced aquatic pollution. The study found that warmer temperatures reduce evaporation, allowing more nitrogen to enter waterways, while also affecting microbial life in soil and sediment.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory discovered that some phytoplankton can degrade methylmercury even without sunlight. This finding enhances the prediction and accuracy of mercury-cycling models, reducing risks to human health and the environment.
Research conducted at the University of Alabama found that more than 65% of college students experience poor sleep quality, largely due to lack of effective time management. A study published in the American Journal of Health Education revealed that prioritizing organization and setting goals significantly impact overall sleep health.
A new study analyzed ancient DNA from Spanish settlements in the Caribbean and Mexico, revealing that cattle were imported from Africa early in the colonization process. This challenges previous historical records, which suggested cattle were only introduced by Europeans from Europe.
A UK-Sri Lankan research network aimed to develop research capacities among senior academic staff members from both countries. The training network investigated differences, overlaps, and synergies between Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) research communities.
Researchers report evidence of a cosmic background of gravitational waves likely produced by the merger of supermassive black hole binaries. The signal is detected through millisecond pulsar observations and has implications for our understanding of the universe's large-scale structure.
The study warns that Asia's pollinators, including native bees and bumble bees, are under threat due to major habitat loss and human forces. The authors call for conservation efforts to curb declines and prioritize habitat restoration and trans-border partnerships.
Researchers at Xiamen University developed a topological spin light-emitting diode to manipulate the quantum state of light. The breakthrough enables the creation of large-scale, room-temperature stable chiral photon sources without external magnetic fields, paving the way for miniaturization and device integration in quantum technology.
Researchers have created a database of understudied human proteins to accelerate research. The 'unknome' database assigns a 'knownness' score to each protein based on scientific literature information. Functional screens reveal that many unknown proteins contribute to essential cellular functions.
A new portable EEG headset has been validated and tested for at-home stroke rehabilitation. The low-cost device connects the brain to powered exoskeletons, promoting motor recovery outcomes.
The study provides a comprehensive framework for diagnosing and treating acetaminophen poisoning, emphasizing the importance of early detection and aggressive management. Key findings include the need for prompt assessment and treatment with activated charcoal and N-acetylcysteine, as well as the role of monitoring liver function tests.
The USC NRV Center performs complex revascularization procedures and conducts innovative research to treat debilitating conditions. The center will use the funding to enhance clinical care and education with a focus on technological innovation.
A new conceptual framework developed by international researchers, led by UNF's Dr. Scott F. Jones, provides a rigorous and equitable way to compare salt marsh ecosystems worldwide. The framework accounts for the uniqueness of each individual salt marsh and offers guidance on applying it to 11 global examples.
A study published in JAMA found that consuming sugar sweetened beverages daily increased the risk of developing liver cancer and chronic liver disease by 85% and 68%, respectively. Researchers analyzed data from over 98,000 postmenopausal women and found a significant association between sugary drink consumption and liver health outcomes.
Researchers found that the proportion of APCD CO2 emissions in CFPPs surged from 0.12% to 1.19% between 2000 and 2020, with desulfurization devices contributing 80% of APCD CO2 emissions. The study proposed measures to enhance APCD energy efficiency and provide low-carbon electricity to tackle this emerging environmental issue.
QUT researchers have created a booster vaccine using implant technology to protect wild koalas from Chlamydia disease. The new device allows for in-the-field vaccination without recapturing the animals, reducing human interference and increasing vaccination efficiency.
A new species of the Persian Gold Tarantula has been discovered in northwestern Iran, belonging to the genus Chaetopelma. The newly described species, Chaetopelma persianum, is an obligate burrower and inhabits high elevations in well-vegetated mountainous regions of the northern Zagros Mountains.
A vaccination campaign in Cambodia has successfully protected endangered wild cattle from lumpy skin disease (LSD), a highly contagious viral disease. The campaign, launched in collaboration with the Wildlife Conservation Society, has vaccinated over 20,000 domestic cattle and water buffalo to prevent the spread of LSD to wild ruminants.
The Carnegie Mellon Portugal Program has selected six new exploratory projects in information and communication technologies, with over €350,000 in funding. The projects focus on various areas, including digital health, anxiety detection, and neural probes.
The first locally acquired malaria cases in the US in 20 years have been reported, highlighting the need for clinicians to be vigilant about the disease's symptoms. Malaria thrives in warmer climates and can cause serious illness and death if not treated, emphasizing the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment.
Concentrations of potentially harmful chemical compounds in ISS dust exceed median values in US and Western European home floor dust. The study guides design and construction of future spacecraft by highlighting the importance of material choices.
Researchers discuss the potential of using ammonia as a hydrogen carrier for on-site power generation via ammonia decomposition. The high hydrogen content (17.6 wt%) and low toxicity make it an attractive alternative to traditional hydrogen storage methods, but challenges such as leakage and toxicity need to be addressed.
A study of 98,000 postmenopausal women found that daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with a higher incidence of liver cancer. The findings suggest a potential link between these beverages and chronic liver disease mortality.
The American Heart Association is funding three new scientific research projects to examine the use of race in formulas that calculate risk and determine treatment for cardiovascular disease. The teams will assess potential bias in risk models, develop statistical methods to correct algorithm bias, and support equitable care.
The study reveals extensive genome size variation among closely related algal strains, with a more than twofold range of approximately 450-1,100 megabases. Genome-wide copy number variation, rather than duplication or proliferation, drives this dynamics, suggesting rapid changes in genome size through frequent duplications and deletions.
Research shows digital health platforms can deliver personalized nutrition services, decrease burden, and medical expenses. Facilitators include clear communication, training, and social interaction, while barriers include cognitive changes, technology difficulties, and privacy concerns.
Researchers identified two genes, CJt020762 and CjTKPR1, necessary for Japanese cedar pollen production. Creating genetically modified trees with non-functional versions of these genes can produce nearly no pollen, making them suitable as timber tree lines to combat hay fever.
The study reveals that people have limited understanding of the digital infrastructure behind electronic health records, with many assuming that all doctors' offices can automatically view patient data. The researchers also argue that health insurance companies play a critical role in securing these records, and that users need educati...
The National Cancer Institute is supporting a new training program at the University of Arizona, which aims to introduce students to careers in cancer prevention science. The 10-week program will provide hands-on research experience to 75 undergraduate and 25 graduate students.
Quantum ghost imaging allows 3D imaging on a single photon level, enabling the lowest photon dose possible. The technique can be applied to image materials and tissues sensitive to light or drugs without risk of damage.
RAGE signaling maintains mesenchymal state of TNBC cells by enforcing SNAIL1 protein expression, promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Inhibiting RAGE with a pharmacological antagonist reduces tumor cell plasticity and improves survival in xenograft mouse models.
Researchers have created a new type of conducting polymer with a helically grown structure, which can emit circularly polarized light. The polymer's radicals are arranged in a helical shape and can be aligned into stripe-like structures when exposed to a magnetic field.
A new study from the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience reveals that pendular nystagmus, a spontaneous back-and-forth movement of the eye, is caused by an abnormality in the nucleus of the optic tract. This condition hinders social eye contact and affects vision, with treatment methods often having unpleasant side effects.
Researchers have developed a new measurement technique that uses the Kramers-Kronig relation to untangle complex helical light patterns from camera intensity measurements. This allows for single-shot retrieval of orbital angular momentum spectrum information, accelerating and simplifying the process compared to conventional on-axis int...
A study found that many incarcerated women trade or barter for menstrual products, with 29.5% having to do so. The lack of access led to negative health consequences in nearly a quarter of the women involved.
A new study by Georgia Institute of Technology reveals that investors have significantly impacted the availability of housing in the Atlanta metropolitan area. Investors are most likely to buy up homes in majority-minority neighborhoods, effectively cutting Black families out of home ownership, resulting in over $4 billion lost equity.
A study of 1,300 patients has identified a specific antibody, MOG-IgA, which may differentiate another MS-like illness from others. This discovery could lead to better understanding of the causes and treatment of these autoimmune diseases.
Researchers argue that modern chemistry prioritizes novelty over sustainability, neglecting environmental concerns. They advocate for a triple focus on efficiency, safety, and circularity to combat pollution and promote green chemistry. Circular design, life-cycle thinking, and toxicology assessments are key to realising positive impact.
Recent extreme events in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are likely to become more common and severe due to global warming. The study calls for urgent policy action to protect the continent's fragile environments, which have global implications if not preserved.
The Keck School of Medicine's Primary Care Program has shown a significant increase in primary care residency matches and representation, particularly among underrepresented groups. The program provides skill-based training, mentorship, and community-focused experiences that prepare students for careers in primary care medicine.
Researchers discovered that Martynoside (MAR) binds and stabilizes ribosomal protein L27a (RPL27A), recovering mature rRNA abundance and improving ribosome function in 5-fluorouracil-treated cells. MAR treatment alleviates hematologic toxicity without compromising anticancer effects.
Mothers experiencing depression are more likely to report parenting stress and less competent parenting views. However, those with higher support levels felt less stressed and more competent, leading to better discipline and home-school involvement.
A recent study published in Frontiers reveals that holidaymakers who engage in short, intense sun-seeking behaviors experience a rapid reduction in Proteobacteria abundance, which decreases skin microbiota diversity. However, the bacterial community structure recovers rapidly after returning to less sunny climates.
Researchers linked chemical changes in seawater to volcanic activity and climate change, with a 7-fold decrease in lithium concentration over the past 150 million years. This shift is attributed to reduced seafloor hydrothermal activity, influenced by tectonic plate movements.
A recent study published in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders found that higher daily physical activity is associated with lower levels of fatigue in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The study also suggests that maintaining functional capacity through suitable exercise can help reduce fatigue, improving the ...
Researchers have developed a new explainable AI model to reduce bias and enhance trust in machine learning-generated decisions. The Pattern Discovery and Disentanglement (PDD) model can predict medical results with rigorous statistics and explainable patterns, leading to more reliable diagnoses and better treatment recommendations.
Researchers will evaluate a flexible, personalized sleep health intervention for 20 fire agencies across Arizona, aiming to train fire service managers and promote sleep benefits within the fire service. The study seeks to identify key factors for successful implementation of workplace sleep coaching.
A study analyzed genetic diversity of Lyme disease bacteria and found variations linked to host species. Mouse-adapted genotypes were more likely to persist in mice than other genotypes.
Research from the University of Bath found that classroom environmental education activities do not necessarily translate to changes in children's attitudes towards animals and the environment. While these activities improved knowledge and awareness, they did not alter attitudes or encourage involvement in conservation efforts.