Researchers identified high expression of glypican-1 in primary solid tumors, correlating with poor prognosis in various cancer types. Suppression of GPC1 attenuated cancer cell proliferation, suggesting its potential as a novel diagnostic tool and target for therapy.
A recent study published in BJOG found that nearly all women in England (97.5%) have at least one indicator of potential health risks during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for improved preconception care and policies to support women's overall well-being before pregnancy. The research highlights health disparities across different age...
Scientists have used gene therapy to increase 'cold shock protein' levels in mice brains, protecting them against prion disease. The approach could lead to a safer treatment for acute brain injury and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Physicists at Delft University of Technology have developed a new technology on a microchip combining optical trapping and frequency combs to measure distances with high precision in opaque materials. The technology uses sound vibrations instead of light, offering a simple and low-power solution for applications such as monitoring the ...
A new study found that gut microbes can diagnose gestational diabetes as early as the first trimester of pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes exhibit differences in gut microbiota, inflammation, and metabolites compared to those without the condition.
A team of MIT researchers has created an 'unclonable' label system to combat counterfeit seeds in Africa, where fake seeds can cost farmers up to two-thirds of expected crop yields. The system uses biodegradable silk-based tags with unique codes that cannot be replicated.
A new mosquito species, Culex lactator, has been found in Florida, with thriving populations reported in three counties. Scientists are concerned about the potential for this species to transmit diseases, particularly given the lack of research on its disease risk.
A study published in Neurology found an association between low bone density and an increased risk of developing dementia. Researchers analyzed data from 3,651 participants and found that those with the lowest total body bone density were 42% more likely to develop dementia than those with the highest bone density over a 10-year period.
A study found a common genetic signature that increases the risk of developing multiple substance use disorders. The research identified genes associated with dopamine signaling and could lead to universal therapies for addiction.
Researchers have developed a new method to encode single-cell tomograms using 3D Zernike polynomials, resulting in a data compression ratio of 22.9 and saving over 95% of space. The strategy is efficient on various experimental data types and can be applied to lab-on-a-chip systems.
A new study explores how language shapes attention and engagement, finding that easier-to-process language and emotional triggers like anxiety, excitement, and hope encourage readers to persist. Language, meanwhile, can discourage readers from continuing to read.
Scientists have found that antibodies targeting βII-spectrin on mesangial cells are the trigger for IgA nephropathy. This discovery enables blood-based diagnosis and may lead to improved treatments.
A study published in PLOS Global Public Health found significant increases in overdose deaths from all categories except heroin in 2020. The largest death rate was for black males in the District of Columbia due to fentanyl, with a rate almost 10 times higher than that for white males.
A new study found that coronavirus lockdowns led to increased emotional and behavioral difficulties in children, particularly those with families experiencing co-habitation issues. Caregivers in Turkey reported higher levels of worry about COVID-19 infection, yet showed lower family co-existence difficulties.
The study found sex differences in brain structure and developmental changes in white matter during early childhood. In 5-year-olds, the pattern of white matter asymmetry resembled adult-like patterns, suggesting a possible transient feature in brain development.
A North Carolina State University study found that cover crop adoption can reduce crop insurance losses due to prevented planting in the US Midwest. Longer term use of cover crops also leads to larger reductions in prevented-planting risk, with a 1% increase translating to nearly $40 million in reduced indemnities.
Researchers stack ultrathin monolayers of semiconductors to create a moiré lattice that traps individual electrons in tiny slots. This configuration allows for continuous tuning of electron mass and density, leading to the observation of heavy electrons and potential emergence of a 'strange' metal phase.
A 2020 survey found that Ukrainians who perceived higher conflict between Ukraine and Russia were more likely to endorse false news about Russia, but less likely to believe false news about the European Union. Conflict perceptions play a significant role in the spread of misinformation.
A bilayer, nonwoven PET microfiber/polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane acts as a separator for LIB systems and prevents short circuits. The substrate significantly improves the mechanical and thermal properties of solid polymer electrolytes, enabling cells to operate over 2000 hours.
Engineers at UBC developed a new water treatment that captures up to 99% of PFAS particles, eliminating them from drinking water. The technology is particularly beneficial for rural communities with limited resources, offering a decentralized and in-home solution.
A new subset of memory B cells, marked by the FcRL5 receptor protein, has been identified as a predictor of long-lived antibody responses to influenza vaccination. These effector memory B cells can be detected seven days after immunization and correlate with vaccine antibody responses months later.
A universal HCl-assistant powder-to-powder strategy has been proposed for rapid and mass preparation of lead-free perovskite microcrystals. The new method achieves high product yield, eco-friendliness, low cost, and thermal- or pressure-free conditions.
The study identifies five exoplanets that resemble Venus in terms of radii, masses, and atmospheric conditions. By observing these 'exo-Venus' planets using the James Webb Space Telescope, scientists hope to uncover valuable insights into Earth's future and the possibility of a runaway greenhouse climate.
The study found that a microscopic change in a protein in the retina occurs within a fraction of a trillionth of a second, triggering the perception of light. This process involves the transformation of a molecule called retinal from its 11-cis form to its all-trans form, which takes just one picosecond.
A team of researchers at the University of Connecticut created freeform illuminators that enable flexible illumination design and calibration using a blood-coated sensor. The newly developed technology simplifies microscopy experiments by reducing size, increasing density, and adjusting angle of illumination.
The new architecture reduces physical qubits required for error correction to 10% of conventional architectures, enabling better performance than classical computers. This breakthrough accelerates progress toward practical quantum computing, with the aim of applying quantum computing applications to various societal issues.
Enzymatic droplets in cells exhibit directed self-propulsion and positioning, driven by influx of energy. The findings suggest a novel mechanism for controlling cell division, distinct from thermal equilibrium dynamics.
Researchers from USTC introduced a 'bubble diode' concept to address the issue of bubble precipitation in fast-charging Zn-air batteries. The design guides the development of bubble-free electrodes, leading to improved energy density, safety and environmental friendliness.
A study published by The BMJ found that ending performance-related payments for NHS GPs in Scotland was associated with a decline in the quality of some aspects of care compared to England. Researchers recommend continuing data collection to monitor the impact of changes on care quality.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new virtual testing environment that reduces the time and cost of autonomous vehicle (AV) testing by 99.99%. The system uses simulated terrible drivers to create challenging scenarios, allowing AVs to encounter rare safety-critical events in a shorter amount of time.
Two early-career cognitive neuroscientists, Anna Schapiro and Freek van Ede, have been awarded the prestigious Young Investigator Award by the Cognitive Neuroscience Society. Their research focuses on understanding human learning and working memory.
The study resolves a long-standing question about the structure of respiratory supercomplexes in unicellular eukaryotic organisms. Complex II is found to be part of the supercomplex in these organisms, optimizing ATP formation and revealing a surprising variety in supercomplex construction.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Rockefeller University have gained a better understanding of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The new findings reveal how CFTR functions mechanistically and how disease mutations affect its function, paving the way for more effective therapies.
The oxygen-ion battery has an extremely long service life due to its ability to regenerate and store capacity that does not decrease over time. It also solves the problem of fire hazards associated with lithium-ion batteries.
A new study by Linköping University reveals that climate change alters natural greenhouse gas fluxes from streams and lakes, making landscape carbon sinks less effective. The researchers found that increased precipitation and temperature affect the amount of carbon washed into streams and lakes, leading to greater emissions.
Researchers used a monoclonal antibody to reduce circulating IgG levels, allowing for successful gene delivery to the liver and heart via systemic AAV-based gene therapy in mice and non-human primates. The strategy has potential to circumvent neutralizing antibody limitations and expand gene therapy accessibility.
Researchers from CHOP developed a prediction model that determines which newborn babies are likely to experience seizures in the NICU. The model, built using machine learning methods, can predict seizures with over 90% accuracy, particularly in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Researchers found an increase in biologically available nitrogen during the time when marine eukaryotes became dominant, leading to a new era for life on Earth. This discovery links ancient ocean records to the present and beyond, providing context for global changes.
Researchers from Kyushu University found that the single mechanosensitive protein VGLL3 induces fibrosis, thickening and scarring tissue. The study suggests targeting this protein could lead to new treatments against fibrosis.
A study found that prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants contributes to childhood obesity and metabolic disorders. However, the researchers discovered that high levels of vitamin B12 may enhance the obesogenic effect of certain pollutants, while β-cryptoxanthin from oranges or apples may protect against these effects.
Researchers developed a neural implant that restored limb function to amputees and paralysed individuals by integrating with the brain and nerve. The biohybrid device combines electronic components with reprogrammed muscle cells, preventing scar tissue formation and improving signal extraction.
A Danish cohort study found that children born by cesarean section had lower chances of graduating from secondary education, but no significant difference in grade point averages or intelligence scores. Additionally, male CS births were less likely to be drafted into the military.
Researchers discovered that mechanical loading can exacerbate inflammation in aged muscles, hindering healing. However, combining mechanotherapy with anti-inflammatory treatment significantly improves healing in aged muscles.
A new study reveals that 31% of middle-aged people are frail or pre-frail, with frail individuals facing delayed or omitted medical care. Socioeconomic disadvantages exacerbate these disparities, making it challenging for frail, poorer Americans to access healthcare.
A rare strain of Toxoplasma has been found in California sea otters, killing them with severe inflammation and potentially threatening other marine life. The COUG strain was first detected in Canadian mountain lions, and its impact on humans and other animals is unknown.
A new study links shorter telomeres to multiple changes in the brain associated with dementia, including reduced grey matter volume and a thicker cerebral cortex. Longer telomeres were found to be protective, reducing the risk of dementia but not stroke or Parkinson's disease.
A new course at Norwegian University of Science and Technology teaches risk management and resilience in maritime digital security. Despite the importance of training, many deck officers reported uncertainty about handling cyber incidents on board.
A novel sperm sex selection technique has been found to be around 80% effective in producing offspring of the desired sex. The new method is considered safe and its efficacy was determined through a small clinical trial.
Researchers achieved optical switching of a light signal at attosecond speeds, exceeding data transfer speeds by 1 million times. This breakthrough enables the development of ultrafast optical electronics and could increase data processing speed in long-distance communications.
Advances in drilling technology are unlocking geothermal energy's full potential, with supercritical water offering an efficient energy source. Improved drilling methods aim to overcome the financial barrier of deep geothermal exploration, enabling a step-change in power output.
Researchers examine phytoplankton blooms induced by tropical cyclones to predict climate change impacts. The study found a massive bloom in the wake of Cyclone Oma, which occurred once every 1500 years, and may indicate changes in ocean temperatures.
Researchers at Penn Medicine discovered that maintaining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels may protect against kidney disease. NAD supplements were shown to be effective in reversing NAD loss and suppressing inflammation in mouse kidneys, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for kidney disease prevention and treatment.
Researchers have developed a new restoration method that utilizes color space-based segmentation to clean up ancient manuscripts. This technique allows for the analysis of previously inaccessible or damaged texts, providing insights into history and culture.
The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine has released new guidelines to help parents manage night-time breastfeeding in young infants. The guidelines emphasize the importance of mothers sleeping close to their babies and taking measures to minimize nighttime feedings, promoting a more responsive and baby-led approach to breastfeeding.
Researchers have found a potential treatment for osteoarthritis by targeting the GP130 immune receptor, which causes hyper-inflammation in joints. The new compound R805/CX-011 showed promising results in animal studies, reducing joint pain and stiffness, and may lead to Phase 1 and 2A clinical trials.
A study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine reveals a unique subset of fibroblastic reticular cells in omental milky spots crucial for immune cell recruitment to prevent sepsis. These cells regulate the display of CXCL12, recruiting lymphocytes to sites of inflammation.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum investigated how 76 prospective biology teachers argue about controversial topics such as mandatory vaccination against COVID-19. The researchers found that the structural complexity of their argumentation was good, but they could include a broader range of content areas and perspectives in their argum...
Researchers found that a plakophilin-2 mutation leads to increased desmosomal protein degradation in ACM hearts, causing structural and functional changes. Studying human heart samples and mice models confirmed the role of protein degradation in ACM development.
Researchers found that the Alba morph in female Colias butterflies evolved once near the last common ancestor over 1.2 million generations ago. The genetic basis of Alba was identified as a regulatory region in DNA, maintained through gene flow and balancing selection.
A recent study found that moderate exercise duration (≥150 minutes/week) improves gut microbiome richness and diversity, with no significant impact from exercise intensity. Additionally, normal-weight individuals showed the most beneficial changes, while overweight individuals' microbiomes were influenced by poor dietary habits.