A new study reveals that phase-contrast X-ray imaging can visualize smallest airways and their obstructions, potentially detecting early-stage lung disease. This technique could provide better resolution and contrast than conventional radiography, enabling subtle pathological changes to be seen.
SourceKTH, Royal Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 15, 2023
A 20-year study by Swansea University researchers found that mothers with a history of substance misuse, smoking, or mental health conditions are at higher risk of having low-birth-weight babies. The study analyzed data from over 693,000 children born in Wales between 1998 and 2018.
SourceSwansea University·JournalBMJ Open·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers have studied sailfish hunting behavior for the first time, revealing a unique hunting strategy. The study estimates that sailfish need roughly half of a tuna per day to meet their energetic demands, shedding light on their basic biology.
SourceNova Southeastern University·JournalScientific Reports·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers developed an AI model to analyze noncoding DNA mutations' impact on brain function and development, identifying potential causes of complex brain disorders like autism. The study sheds light on the origins of brain disorders and may lead to novel treatments.
SourceNIH/National Library of Medicine·JournalScience Advances·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateFeb 15, 2023
A study of 15,000 individuals with prior COVID-19 infection found that those with post-COVID condition (PCC) were less likely to work full-time and more likely to be unemployed. Cognitive symptoms were also associated with reduced employment likelihood.
SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateFeb 15, 2023
A multicenter study found that chronically disrupted sleep may increase the risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Participants with irregular sleep durations had higher burdens of coronary artery calcium, plaque in carotid arteries, and stiff blood vessels.
SourceVanderbilt University Medical Center·JournalJournal of the American Heart Association·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers found that platelet depletion increased amyloid plaque size and neuronal damage in APP-PS1 mice. However, platelets may have a beneficial role in limiting plaque growth and attenuating neuritic dystrophy at advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease.
SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalAging-US·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
The study proposes a bifunctional sulfonated covalent polymer interlayer to regulate Zn2+ desolvation, improving solid-electrolyte interphase formation and orienting crystal planes. High CE values (>96%) and stable performance are achieved in Zn||Zn cells.
SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Chemistry·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers warn that deep-sea mining near hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough could harm species hundreds of kilometers away due to interconnected ecosystems. Key vents should be protected for conservation, with some vent sites identified as crucial hubs for maintaining connectivity.
SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalEcology and Evolution·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 15, 2023
A study published in Pediatrics found that youth suicides increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, with higher-than-expected rates among certain subgroups. The study highlights the importance of suicide preventive interventions tailored to address racial and ethnic disparities.
SourceNationwide Children's Hospital·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateFeb 15, 2023
A new model developed by Baylor researchers can help church leaders understand the factors associated with decisions to use smartphones during church services. The study found that individual behavior is more important than what others think, and demonstrated how smartphones can be an easy and useful tool enhancing the worship experience.
SourceBaylor University·JournalInternational Journal of Human-Computer Interaction·TypeSurvey·DateFeb 15, 2023
A growing use of blockchain in global supply chains creates a 'regulatory gap' for resolving disputes, according to new research. The study suggests that firms using blockchain feel left to their own devices when solving disagreements and conflicts, highlighting the need for appropriate mechanisms.
SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalBusiness Horizons·TypeSurvey·DateFeb 15, 2023
A new study by McMaster University researchers found that redesigned medical alarms with musical tones can improve speech recognition and reduce annoyance. The study suggests that changing the sounds of medical devices can make alarms less disruptive, allowing for better staff communication and reducing recovery times.
SourceMcMaster University·JournalBritish Journal of Anaesthesia·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that irregular sleeping habits may increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis among adults older than 45. Maintaining regular sleep schedules can help reduce cardiovascular risk for aging adults and improve overall health.
SourceAmerican Heart Association·JournalJournal of the American Heart Association·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers used nearly half a million fossils to solve a 200-year-old mystery about the distribution of species on Earth. They found that the modern-day diversity gradient may have arisen from the steepening of the latitudinal temperature gradient, promoting more ecological niches in tropical regions.
Scientists have created a new class of porous materials that can 'trap and store' volatile gases, offering an alternative approach to storing fuel and medicinal gases. The discovery expands when exposed to gases, capturing increasingly large quantities of gas as pressure is increased.
SourceUniversity of Limerick·JournalNature Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Targeted RNA therapy aims to treat pre-eclampsia by delivering mRNA to placental cells, reducing maternal blood pressure and restoring fetal circulation. The treatment has shown promising results in mice, paving the way for potential treatments for human patients.
SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateFeb 15, 2023
The Purdue University team has proposed a quantum device that can theoretically model and test emergent particles, including the Fibonacci anyon. This discovery could lead to more efficient quantum computing technology by resisting decoherence.
SourcePurdue University·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateFeb 15, 2023
The study calls for easier access to naloxone, including over-the-counter distribution, to address the US opioid epidemic. With millions lacking access, health providers are urged to include naloxone in treatment programs and counsel patients' families on its use.
SourceFlorida Atlantic University·JournalThe American Journal of Medicine·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers create 'Lego-like' BIND interface to assemble stretchable devices with excellent mechanical and electrical performance. The interface allows for easy connection of modules, enabling the development of highly functional wearable devices or soft robots.
SourceNanyang Technological University·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Scientists at QuTech and Eindhoven University of Technology have successfully created Majorana particles in short nanowires, which could be scaled up to form more resilient qubits. The researchers' new approach focuses on electrical control, allowing them to manipulate the device while at low temperatures.
SourceDelft University of Technology·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers used machine learning to classify hundreds of thousands of X-ray objects, discovering thousands of new cosmic objects including black holes and neutron stars. This breakthrough establishes a state-of-the-art capacity for applying machine learning techniques in fundamental astronomy research.
SourceTata Institute of Fundamental Research·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateFeb 15, 2023
A study found that Black residents living in high-proactively policed neighborhoods were three times as likely to give birth preterm as their white neighbors. The researchers controlled for various factors and found an association between proactive policing and higher rates of preterm births among Black infants.
SourceDrexel University·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 15, 2023
Researchers used MRI scans and texture analysis to differentiate between two types of benign oral bone lesions, ameloblastomas and odontogenic keratocysts. The study found that certain pixel and voxel organizational parameters in the MRI images were statistically significant, enabling more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalScientific Reports·DateFeb 15, 2023
Scientists develop a non-volatile photo-memristor with tunable conductance and reconfigurable photoresponse, enabling all-in-one sensing-memory-computing approaches for neuromorphic vision. The device can implement computationally complete logic with photoresponse-stateful operations.
SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·DateFeb 15, 2023
Acylated anthocyanins found in purple potatoes, sweet potatoes, and carrots have been shown to reduce type 2 diabetes risk by affecting glucose transporters and enzymes involved in metabolism. These compounds also maintain gut microbiota homeostasis and suppress pro-inflammatory pathways.
SourceUniversity of Turku·JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·TypeLiterature review·DateFeb 15, 2023
Despite over 100 years of TB vaccine research, only one vaccine has been widely used, and a second is urgently needed to combat the ongoing pandemic. Promising new candidates are now in phase 3 trials, including an adjuvanted subunit vaccine that demonstrated 50% protection against TB infection in a phase II trial.
SourceEuropean Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·DateFeb 15, 2023
A recent study found that faster El Niño decays are associated with lower typhoon frequencies in the following summer. Researchers discovered a stronger anticyclonic anomaly over the western North Pacific, driven by tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies, as a key mechanism behind this phenomenon.
SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAtmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters·DateFeb 15, 2023
Aerial roots of common houseplant species outperform soil roots in nutrient uptake, particularly for nitrogen. This breakthrough could lead to improved plant health and longevity by focusing on aerial root nutrition.
SourceUniversity of Nottingham·JournalPlant Cell & Environment·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Scientists have found the first fossil evidence of plants' leaves folding up at night, a behavior known as foliar nyctinasty. This discovery provides insight into the evolution and ecology of plants with this unique characteristic, which may offer ecological benefits to the parent plant.
SourceCell Press·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 15, 2023
Common mental health problems, such as depression, are prevalent in the hospitality and real estate sectors, with significant gender disparities found across various industries. The study highlights the need for industry leaders to address underlying issues contributing to higher rates of mental health problems among female workers.
SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalFrontiers in Public Health·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 14, 2023
A new screening tool, CAPTURE, has been developed to identify adults with undiagnosed COPD, with promising results in identifying moderate to severe cases. The study found that almost half of participants who had previously undiagnosed COPD were successfully identified by the tool.
SourceNIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute·JournalJAMA·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers discovered a microbial culture from baby kangaroo feces that can inhibit methane production in cow stomach simulators, replacing it with beneficial acetic acid. This innovation has the potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and improve cow health.
SourceWashington State University·JournalBiocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers have definitively linked the brain's immune system to worsening epilepsy, identifying a chain of events that causes seizures to worsen. The study suggests repurposing anti-inflammatory compounds and antioxidants could help control epilepsy progression.
SourceUniversity of Iowa·JournalCell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers have developed a method to perform arbitrary connectivity optimization using Rydberg atom arrays, expanding the class of problems solvable by neutral-atom machines. This breakthrough enables applications in logistics scheduling, pharmaceuticals, and other fields.
SourceQuEra Computing Inc.·JournalPhysical Review X·DateFeb 14, 2023
In a mouse study, researchers have identified a potential non-hormonal contraceptive that men can take before sexual activity to prevent pregnancy. The compound temporarily disables an enzyme essential for sperm maturation, rendering sperm immobile and preventing fertilization.
SourceNIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development·JournalNature Communications·DateFeb 14, 2023
A study found that cystatin C-based eGFR was strongly correlated with creatinine-based eGFR and that 27% of patients would be classified as having a more severe chronic kidney stage based on cystatin C test results. The use of cystatin C can lead to changes in CKD staging, which can impact clinical management.
SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalKidney Medicine·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2023
A review of associations between cancer waiting times and treatment outcomes highlights inconsistencies in reporting, suggesting a need for standardized approaches. The analysis suggests that lag times between cancer diagnosis and treatment need to be updated to take into account different timepoints and newer treatments.
A recent study published in Radiology uses radiomics to analyze coronary CT angiography images and identify vulnerable plaques associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events. The model enabled the detection of these plaques, providing a more accurate approach than conventional anatomical parameters.
SourceRadiological Society of North America·JournalRadiology·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers discovered that sensory cells in the spinal cord's central canal can detect bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid and trigger an inflammatory response to fight brain infections. These 'taste' receptors recognize bitter substances, such as those from Streptococcus pneumoniae, and increase cytokine production to combat pathogens.
SourceInstitut du Cerveau (Paris Brain Institute)·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2023
A new technique maps the effects of fire-induced permafrost thaw in Alaska, revealing widespread topographic change and vegetation shifts. The study used a machine learning-based approach to quantify thaw settlement across 3 million acres of land, with results showing a significant loss of evergreen forest and shrubland encroachment.
SourceFlorida Atlantic University·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateFeb 14, 2023
The AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) will present 29 presentations at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) 2023. The studies focus on COVID-19, HIV cure, pathogenesis, treatment, long-term complications, tuberculosis, hepatitis C, and contraception.
The EEB Language Project aims to revise harmful terminology in ecology and evolution, promoting inclusivity and precision. The project provides a repository of words with suggested alternatives, allowing community members to submit their suggestions and engage in dialogue.
SourceUniversity of British Columbia·JournalTrends in Ecology & Evolution·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers at Ruhr University Bochum developed a new digital imaging method using artificial intelligence and infrared imaging to determine microsatellite status in colon cancer. This approach enables fast, label-free, and automated detection of the biomarker, which is crucial for personalized medicine.
SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalEuropean Journal of Cancer·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2023
Early follow-up and frequent GP visits are associated with reduced ED presentations, hospital readmissions, and improved asthma outcomes. Gaps in primary care network care highlight the need for better coordination between hospitals and GPs.
SourceMurdoch Childrens Research Institute·JournalJournal of Asthma·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2023
A team of scientists found a 16-year-old European hedgehog in Denmark, exceeding the previous record by seven years. The discovery contradicts previous studies suggesting that inbreeding reduces lifespan. The study's results provide valuable insights into the basic life history of hedgehogs and may improve conservation efforts.
Researchers measured noise levels at locations around the launch pad, finding maximum sound levels exceeded predicted values by nearly 20 decibels. The study's findings will help validate and improve existing noise prediction models to protect equipment and surrounding environments.
SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJASA Express Letters·DateFeb 14, 2023
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine serologic screening for genital herpes simplex virus infection, even in symptomatic individuals. The lifelong nature of HSV infection means there is no cure, but antiviral medications can provide clinical benefits to those experiencing symptoms.
Scientists at University of Warwick and Politecnico di Milano developed a tool to regulate bacterial electric signals with light, opening new avenues for understanding antimicrobial resistance. This technology could help explain how some bacteria survive antibiotic exposure.
SourceUniversity of Warwick·JournalAdvanced Science·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers found a significant increase in new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection, with vaccination prior to infection showing protective effects. The study suggests that COVID-19 infection could be acting as a disease accelerator, amplifying risk for diabetes diagnosis.
SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateFeb 14, 2023
A new study warns that an irreversible loss of West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets may be imminent if global temperature change cannot be stabilized below 1.8°C, leading to rapid sea level rise.
SourceInstitute for Basic Science·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers developed a multiphase solver to predict beer foam features, including patterns, heights, stability, and volume fractions. The study found that foam generation is sensitive to temperature and pressure, with higher temperatures producing more foam.
SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateFeb 14, 2023
The new grant enables LJI to lead the Human Immunology Project Consortium Data Coordinating Center, providing access to human immunoprofiling data from over 11,000 participants. This will fuel scientific collaboration in understanding immune responses to viruses, autoimmune diseases, and more.
Researchers and industry leaders from around the world will gather in Sydney to discuss key areas of quantum computing, communications, sensing, training, entrepreneurship, and policy. The three-day event is expected to feature insights on cyber security, sustainability, and commercialization, with over 700 attendees.
A recent study by researchers at Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine found that daily reading improved language development in infants 12 months and younger. Infants who received consistent daily reading started showing improvements in language scores as early as nine months of age.
SourceMarshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine·JournalThe Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers warn of significant risks to ocean ecosystems and cetaceans from commercial-scale deep seabed mining. The study highlights the need for urgent research to assess potential impacts on cetaceans, which are highly sensitive to sound and already facing multiple stressors like climate change.
SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalFrontiers in Marine Science·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers from Würzburg and Bielefeld successfully detect exotic states of quantum physics in a nanostructure, where light can exist as both on and off at the same time. This breakthrough enables the development of novel optical quantum technologies for future computer chips.
SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalNature Physics·DateFeb 14, 2023
Researchers at KIMS have developed a strip-type urine sensor that can diagnose prostate and pancreatic cancer with high sensitivity. The sensor uses metabolites in urine to amplify light signals, allowing for quick and accurate diagnosis on-site.
SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalBiosensors and Bioelectronics·DateFeb 14, 2023
A new screening tool, CAPTURE, identifies roughly half of primary care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that could benefit from available treatments. The study confirms the robust nature of this collaborative relationship between numerous stakeholders, particularly primary care-based research networks.
SourceNational Jewish Health·JournalJAMA·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2023
Research found that patients with poorer memory, concentration, anxiety, and depressive symptoms after a stroke are more likely to be fatigued and sleepy. This study highlights the importance of monitoring cognitive and emotional issues in stroke patients to prevent long-term fatigue and improved diagnostics and treatment.
SourceNorwegian University of Science and Technology·JournalFrontiers in Neurology·TypeSurvey·DateFeb 14, 2023