A study published in Radiology revealed persistent lung abnormalities in patients two years after COVID-19, including fibrosis and cystic changes. The incidence of lung abnormalities gradually decreased over time, but the proportion of fibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities remained stable.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found that Anopheles mosquito populations are gaining an average of 6.5 meters per year in elevation and moving south by 4.7 kilometers annually. Climate change is helping these species reach colder parts of the continent, potentially explaining recent changes in malaria transmission.
A new class of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has been shown to neutralise multiple variants of the virus, providing hope for a better antiviral medication. The antibodies work by attaching to a partially hidden part of the virus' spike protein that would be difficult for it to mutate.
A four-year study will track health outcomes among older Black and Hispanic residents in the Bronx to understand how neighborhood redevelopment affects cardiovascular disease. The research team will use medical records, interviews, and data modeling to measure the impact of both medical and nonmedical risk factors on CVD health.
Researchers estimated that three doses of Comirnaty and CoronaVac vaccines were 48% and 30% effective, respectively, in preventing Omicron infection. Boosters improved efficacy to 69% and 56%, but protection waned over time.
Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 experienced persistent symptoms and disabilities six months after discharge. Financial problems also remained a significant issue, with some participants reporting new issues.
A nationwide study found that the CAPTURE screening tool identified roughly half of primary care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) who could benefit from available treatments. However, the tool also flagged a large group of patients with breathing symptoms and abnormalities that didn't rise to the level of COPD.
Researchers developed a computational tool called BipotentR that identifies targets to block immune activation while stimulating metabolism. The tool predicted patients' outcomes after immunotherapy and identified ESRRA as the top regulator.
A recent study published in Radiology found that thrombectomy is a safe and feasible treatment option for patients with primary isolated anterior cerebral artery medium vessel occlusions. The procedure showed similar outcomes to medical treatment in terms of early and long-term functional outcomes, mortality rates, and safety.
Men are more likely to interpret uncertain information optimistically and make riskier financial decisions, especially with increasing amounts of available information. Women, on the other hand, show a more cautious approach in uncertain situations, with missing information bothering them more than men.
Researchers use movie clips to study mouse brain activity, revealing novel ways to diagnose learning and memory disorders. The discovery points to new ways to tackle Alzheimer's and improve artificial intelligence.
Researchers from HKU School of Biological Sciences reveal the important role of SCT Receptor in regulating drinking behaviour under thirst. The study demonstrates how SCTR participates in SFO to regulate thirst and provides new insights into gut-brain axis regulation.
The study reveals that 'similar' planetary systems are the most common type, followed by 'ordered' and then 'anti-ordered' systems. The researchers found that factors such as gas and dust disk mass and star abundance play a crucial role in determining system architecture.
Scientists from Poland's Institute of Physical Chemistry have discovered a way to control the population of the pine-tree lappet moth, which threatens coniferous forests. A new pheromone blend based on biocomponents of the sex pheromone has been developed to monitor and potentially control the moth's abundance.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara developed a novel electrical method to control and analyze the dynamics of brain protein tau, which underlies many neurodegenerative diseases. The technique allows for real-time observation of the protein's transition from normal function to toxic tangles.
A new technique uses reactive vapors to create thin films with enhanced properties, such as mechanical strength, kinetics, and morphology. The synthesis process is gentler on the environment than traditional methods and could lead to improved polymer coatings for microelectronics, advanced batteries, and therapeutics.
Researchers from Rice University have developed a new approach to control gene expression using proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs). By reengineering the PROTAC molecular infrastructure, they demonstrated the ability to achieve chemically induced dimerization (CID), allowing for precise control over gene activation in specific loc...
Scientists have developed a mouse model of mpox virus, revealing differences in virulence among genetic groups. The new model shows that the current outbreak strain, clade IIb, has a significantly lower mortality rate than previous strains.
A study published in Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases demonstrates a positive effect of nusinersen treatment on motor function in ambulant pediatric and adult SMA patients. Clinically meaningful improvements in walking distance were observed in a subgroup of patients, with only five adult walkers showing a decline.
Researchers found that alternate-day fasting combined with exercise decreased liver fat, weight, and ALT enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The study suggests that this lifestyle modification may be a good option for treating the condition without pharmaceuticals.
Scientists have developed a new material that enables the manipulation of light at the nanoscale through gate-tuning, overcoming current limitations. This breakthrough has significant implications for future high-performance information devices.
Researchers found that rats adopt a non-greedy strategy to balance speed and accuracy, sacrificing immediate rewards for improved learning outcomes. The study suggests that slower reaction times lead to faster learning and higher rewards in both experimental and simulated environments.
This special issue explores the reality of identifying the dead in Brazil through various perspectives, including personal identification initiatives, forensic data management, and case reports. The articles shed light on best practices for procedures related to evidence chain of custody in forensic anthropology in Brazil.
Researchers have developed a novel prognostic index to predict survival outcomes in gastric cancer patients. The inflammation-combined prognostic index (ICPI) combines three biomarkers - lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio - to provide a personalized prognosis for each patient.
A new USC study found that people's concerns about severe weather are significantly more predictive of their concerns about water safety than concerns about climate change. This suggests that warning people about water safety and other environmental threats is more effective when linked to extreme weather rather than climate change.
A Concordia researcher found that Instagram can provide relief and validation for women with mental health issues, such as eating disorders and anxiety. The study reveals how three Quebec women use Instagram in their daily lives to cope with mental illness.
Researchers have discovered that cocaine addiction is associated with faster brain aging, with changes in DNA methylation in the prefrontal cortex contributing to this effect. The study, which analyzed cryo-preserved brains of deceased male donors, found that cells in this region appeared biologically older in individuals with CUD.
Researchers found that social isolation triggers astrocyte-mediated deficits in learning and memory due to hyperactive astrocytes suppressing brain circuit function. Inhibiting astrocyte hyperactivity reversed cognitive deficits, suggesting a new role for astrocytes in brain physiology.
A new study finds that the hen harrier debate has become increasingly polarized, with a few high-profile individuals and organizations dominating the discussion. The research suggests that allowing new voices to participate could help unlock the entrenched conflict.
The Zhurong rover has imaged shallow impact craters and buried impact crater walls in the top five meters of Mars' surface, revealing complex subsurface geology. Researchers found layers of sediment left by past flooding and deposition, but no evidence of water or ice in the present day.
A team of researchers from DGIST and Hanyang University have developed a triboelectric generator using graphene electrodes and PVC-gel, which generates constant output despite physical movement. The sensor's biostability was confirmed, making it suitable for daily use.
Research suggests that targeting gut microbiome development, rather than just human nutritional needs, can more effectively improve child growth and development. Genetic functions of gut microbes can predict how well a child is growing, providing a new target for interventions.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduces the risk of developing new-onset diabetes following an infection. The research suggests a notable benefit of vaccination in protecting against this complication.
Researchers from KERI and UNIST have developed a smart contact lens with navigation function using 3D printing technology. The lens features micro-patterns printed without applying voltage, allowing for augmented reality applications and potentially opening up new markets for companies requiring micro-patterning of Prussian blue.
A University of Gothenburg study found that wheelchair users had significantly lower rates of fractures compared to ambulatory older adults. The study, which included 55,442 wheelchair users in Sweden, showed that wheelchair use was associated with a reduced risk of fractures, particularly osteoporotic and hip fractures.
A Rutgers scientist has created a low-fat, printable chocolate that can be customized to consumer needs. The new 'functional food' is made with a water-in-oil emulsion and can be printed using a 3D printer in any shape or design.
A University of Queensland study found that snakes can hear airborne sound and react to it, contrary to popular belief. The research used soundproof rooms and observed reactions from captive-bred snakes, revealing differences in responses based on genus and evolutionary pressures.
A study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution found over 74,000 active fires in the Brazilian Amazon during the period, mainly due to recent deforestation. The research also revealed a sharp increase in forest fires on public lands and areas of Indigenous reservations.
A recent study found that breast cancer risk models can lead to vastly different recommendations for individual women, depending on the model used and threshold applied. The study highlighted the importance of considering both sensitivity and inaccurate classification when using these models.
Studies elucidate key aspects of traditional Chinese compounds and modern cancer therapeutics, highlighting the efficacy of R. serra in treating colitis and identifying active components of Gan Cao in treating pneumonia. A new radiolabeled antibody-based probe for detecting PD-L1 expression in cancers also provides a novel approach to ...
A new study from the University of Notre Dame finds that directors who disagree politically with an incoming CEO are more likely to leave their positions. The research also shows that individuals tend to internalize political hatred and intolerance towards those with differing ideologies.
The BOOTES network, a pioneer in space surveillance and transient cosmic phenomena study, has been successfully deployed on all continents. With seven facilities, it provides an automated response in real time for the detection of gamma-ray bursts, neutrino sources, and other astrophysical events.
A new machine learning model combines fusion gene profiling, serum PSA level, and Gleason score to predict prostate cancer recurrence with improved accuracy. The model outperformed clinical data alone and provided valuable insights into the mechanism of disease progression.
A new programming technique in quantum computing could help solve complex optimization problems in global supply chains. The FALQON framework uses feedback to adapt the structure of the algorithm, allowing the quantum computer to efficiently reroute shipping fleets and manage logistics.
A recent study found that nearly half of adults treated for COVID-19 experience lingering symptoms like coughing, rapid heartbeat, and breathlessness, as well as fatigue or physical limitations. The study's findings may inform programs designed to help adults recover from severe cases of COVID.
A University of Kansas study analyzed over 1,000 AI-generated ads and found that they are only labeled as ads about half the time, often appealing to consumers in positive ways. The prevalence of AI in programmatic advertising raises concerns about consumer deception and the need for updated guidelines to require transparency.
A research group led by Osaka Metropolitan University has proven that 3C-SiC exhibits high thermal conductivity, equivalent to the theoretical level. The crystal purity and quality of the material were found to be key factors in unlocking its high thermal conductivity.
Researchers develop site-specific mitigation strategy for wind turbines, significantly reducing bat fatalities. The approach uses wind speed, temperature, and rainfall data to adapt curtailment strategies, resulting in a 86% reduction in bat deaths.
The study suggests that human exchanges, such as trade and travel, and exchanges between ecosystems drive the spread of aminoglycoside resistance. Aminoglycoside genes were detected in over 160,000 bacteria genomes across all continents, with most found in clinical, human, and farm samples.
A recent study by Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at TUM found that a pungent ginger compound puts immune cells on heightened alert. The compound, [6]-gingerol, stimulates white blood cells via the TRPV1 receptor, which plays a role in the perception of painful heat stimuli and spiciness.
A team of researchers has identified the importance of rifted margins in the transition to a green economy. These continental margins harbor vast accumulations of rocks and hydrocarbon reserves, making them a potential location for new resources needed for a carbon-neutral economy. The study provides an overview of the processes that s...
Researchers at National Jewish Health have developed an antibiogram to aid in treating nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections. The antibiogram provides comprehensive information on antimicrobial resistance patterns for 14 rapidly growing NTM organisms.
The University of Canterbury researchers found that rocket launches emit gases and particulates that damage the ozone layer. The study highlights the need for coordinated global action to protect the upper atmosphere environment.
A study published in eLife has linked infection with the bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The researchers found that individuals with high genetic risk scores for coronary heart disease were at elevated risk for cardiovascular events.
A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that glioma-related epilepsy is driven by IGSF3-mediated potassium dysregulation. This disruption leads to seizure activity, which favors disease progression. The study used human patients and animal models to confirm the findings.
Researchers found pronounced delays in brainstem responses to sounds among newborns later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. This delay may be linked to limited access to sound frequencies and difficulties integrating sensory streams, ultimately affecting social interactions and communication.
A new study found that 59% of long COVID patients experienced persistent organ damage a year after initial symptoms, even among those not severely affected initially. The study also revealed significant impairment in multi-organ function and quality of life.
Researchers at Cornell University developed an AI tool to track online debates and detect when tensions are escalating. ConvoWizard provides real-time feedback to users on potentially incendiary language, encouraging constructive debate.
A new experimental contraceptive drug has been developed by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators, demonstrating the possibility of an on-demand male contraceptive. The study found that a single dose of the sAC inhibitor TDI-11861 temporarily stops sperm movement and prevents pregnancies in preclinical models.
A study by Hiroshima University found that COVID-19 discrimination is connected to mental health issues and functional impairment in survivors. The research, published in Scientific Reports, reveals that long-term symptoms of COVID-19 can cause mental distress, leading to reduced work performance.