A team of researchers at Kyoto University found that the brown lemur is responsible for regenerating large fruit trees in Madagascar's Ankarafantsika National Park. The study shows that lemur seed dispersal can lead to a 1.5% survival rate of seeds, contributing significantly to forest diversity.
A multimodal knowledge-exchange platform was implemented to provide trauma critical care education to Ukrainian clinicians. The study found that simple tele-education interventions can rapidly share best practices for caring critically ill wartime casualties.
New research supports the role of strawberry consumption in promoting heart health, with potential benefits including decreased cholesterol and inflammation. Studies show that eating strawberries daily may improve insulin resistance and vascular function, supporting a 'food as medicine' approach for preventing type 2 diabetes and cardi...
A team of researchers has identified a molecular switch that regulates autophagy in plants, bridging two quality control pathways. The study reveals that this regulatory mechanism is conserved in eukaryotes and essential for preventing cells from 'eating' healthy cellular components.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University found that fish recognize themselves in photographs based on their faces, not bodies. The cleaner fish attacked photos with unfamiliar faces but not their own, indicating a higher sense of self awareness.
A deeper understanding of tumor cell responses to treatment is crucial for improving therapy effectiveness. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute discovered that physical interactions between cells can allow treatment-resistant cells to survive despite growing slower than non-resistant cells. This balance between mechanical cell-cell...
Men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide experienced sharp reductions in PSA levels, leading to improved survival rates. A 50% decrease in PSA was associated with lower risk of metastases and longer survival time.
Georgia Tech researchers develop new process using 2D materials to create LED displays with smaller pixels, achieving an array density of 5,100 pixels per inch. The technology enables full-color realization of micro-LED displays, with potential applications in virtual and augmented reality.
Researchers found that metabolites associated with the Mediterranean diet may serve as an objective measure to assess adherence among pregnant individuals. The study identified several key metabolites linked to maternal physiology and outcomes, including gestational diabetes and chronic diseases.
Researchers discovered microexons, short DNA sequences that play a vital role in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The study found that genetic variants affecting microexon inclusion are linked to type-2 diabetes risk and fasting blood sugar levels.
A study published in the Journal of Urology found that using Mark Cuban's cost-plus drug pricing model could save Medicare an estimated $1.29 billion annually on urological drugs. This would lead to more affordable treatment options for patients and redirect taxpayer funds towards other important issues.
Researchers at Rice University's Center for Theoretical Biological Physics discovered Aedes aegypti's chromosomes have a unique 'liquid crystal' structure, unlike other species. This finding may provide insights into the functioning of genomes and gene regulation.
A York University study found that higher fluoride levels in drinking water may increase the risk of hypothyroidism in pregnant women, associated with a 65% increased risk. The study also suggests a potential mechanism for lower IQs in boys born to mothers with higher fluoride exposure.
A new study found that a single oral dose of azithromycin reduced the risk of maternal sepsis or death by 33% in women who delivered vaginally. The results showed lower rates of specific maternal infections and fewer hospital readmissions after delivery.
A novel study found a direct relationship between belief in race as a cultural phenomenon driving health disparities and the use of race in care among family physicians. The study suggests that using race without recognizing social, political, and economic factors can stigmatize racially minoritized people and worsen health disparities.
A recent study monitored the Italian province of Pescara for 18 months and found no increased risk of serious diseases among vaccinated individuals. The study revealed that vaccinated persons were more protected against COVID-19 and had lower rates of deaths and disease occurrences compared to non-vaccinated individuals.
UConn professor Yupeng Chen leads a project with Eascra and Axiom Space to develop therapeutic biomaterials in space, leveraging microgravity for better structural integrity and therapeutic outcomes. The $1.86M NASA contract supports two flights over two years, paving the way for commercialization of in-space manufacturing strategy.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers identifies two distinct types of cod, 'offshore cod' and 'coastal cod', genetically adapted to different environments. The coastal cod remain in the fjords, but their adult stage is uncertain, with possible spawning locations still unknown.
Research finds that older workers who are motivated to grow and develop at work, as well as those in organizations that encourage learning, are more likely to stay. An age-inclusive environment also aids in retention by mitigating age stereotypes and removing barriers for training participation.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 52 studies found that antimicrobial stewardship programs effectively reduced antibiotic consumption in hospitals and non-hospital settings. Further research is needed to develop strategies for reducing antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries.
A study by Georgia State University researchers identifies common techniques and forms of deception used by scammers to target victims on dating apps. The team analyzed nearly 10,000 vetted reports to develop a model for victim vulnerability and resilience.
Researchers discovered a size threshold beyond which antiferroelectric materials become ferroelectric, losing energy storage advantages. At thicknesses below 40 nm, the material becomes completely ferroelectric, while above 270 nm, ferroelectric regions appear.
Research found combining Kegel exercises before resistance training improves pelvic floor strength and reduces urinary leakage. Over 8% of incontinent women no longer experienced urinary leakage after performing resistance training.
Scientists at Indiana University School of Medicine have developed a new treatment that blocks anaphylaxis caused by peanut allergies, potentially saving lives. The covalent heterobivalent inhibitor (cHBI) was tested in animal models and showed promise in preventing allergic reactions for over two weeks.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign found that people's use of popular websites and social media platforms differs significantly based on their location and language. The study analyzed data from 124 countries and found that YouTube and Twitter are used in distinct ways across regions.
A nationwide survey found that Americans are more willing to use polygenic embryo selection (PGT-P) than germline gene editing for educational purposes, with high-education individuals under 35 being the most accepting. The study also highlights concerns about potential health and social inequalities.
A 250.8 million-year-old fossil find reveals complex marine ecosystems on Earth just one million years after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, contradicting long-held theories. The discovery provides insights into life's rapid recovery from extreme crises and necessitates a re-evaluation of early Triassic ocean conditions.
A Lund University study finds that temperate regions have larger insects due to bird predation pressure and temperature, reversing a 200-million-year-old trend. This shift helps explain the global variation in body size among dragonflies and damselflies.
A Flinders University-led research team will explore Aboriginal cultural heritage sites in Limmen National Park using $800,000 ARC Linkage Funding. The project combines archaeological and anthropological data to understand Marra cultural history and inform the management of sensitive cultural heritage sites.
Researchers identified a protein in lung cells that blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection and forms a natural protective barrier. The discovery opens up an entirely new area of immunology research around LRRC15 and offers promising prospects for developing new drugs to prevent viral infection or treat fibrosis in the lungs.
Researchers at Nyayanga, Kenya, have uncovered the earliest evidence of Oldowan tool use, dating back over 600,000 years. The discovery also includes contemporaneous Paranthropus fossils, providing insights into the adaptive advantage of early stone technology in hominin diet and foraging strategies.
Research published in Strategic Management Journal found that salary transparency reduces gender pay inequality by placing pressure on high-profile organizations to reduce gaps. However, the study did not find women using salary information to negotiate higher pay, highlighting the need for organizational-level changes.
Carbon emissions from fertilizers could be reduced by as much as 80% by 2050, according to researchers at the University of Cambridge. The study found that two-thirds of emissions occur after application, highlighting the need for efficient fertilizer use and innovative solutions to mitigate emissions.
A single dose of azithromycin has been shown to decrease sepsis and death by half in women in labor, making it an important tool for keeping mothers safe before, during, and after delivery. The antibiotic was found to be beneficial for vaginal childbirth as well, reducing mortality rates and the risk of developing sepsis.
A large-scale genetic analysis identified microRNAs in human pancreatic cells strongly associated with type 2 diabetes. The study found specific microRNAs different in people with the condition, which may chart its course or inform drug therapies.
The discovery of stone tools and cut-marked animal bones at the Nyayanga site in Kenya offers new insights into the dawn of stone technology. The artifacts, dating back 2.9 million years, include hammerstones, cores, and flakes, which were used to process a wide range of materials and foods.
Researchers identify 'thermal cortex' in posterior insular cortex of mice brains, finding specific cold-responding neurons for warmth and vice versa. The discovery sheds light on temperature perception and may help understand complex surface structures and brain diseases.
A new study found that a single dose of azithromycin given during labor significantly reduced the risk of maternal death or sepsis in women in low- and middle-income countries. The antibiotic was administered to over 29,000 participants in eight sites across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
A survey found that a substantial portion of Americans are willing to use polygenic embryo screening and gene editing to increase the chances of having a baby admitted to a top-100 ranked college. The study suggests growing interest in using genetic technologies to influence offspring traits, including educational attainment.
A new study published in Strategic Management Journal reveals that the political ideology of an incoming CEO influences whether directors choose to continue or leave their positions. Directors tend to depart when a new CEO with opposing political views joins the company, while they stay if the CEO shares similar views.
A recent study by Crystal Lim found that obesity prevention programs combining nutrition and exercise components over an extended period had the most success in changing students' daily behaviors. Successful programs also included evidence-based strategies like goal setting, problem solving, and self-regulation techniques.
Research suggests that restricted access to abortions will cause severe stress for individuals carrying unwanted pregnancies, which may lead to psychiatric illnesses and developmental problems in children. This stress can exacerbate existing psychiatric vulnerabilities, increasing the risk of relapse or new episodes.
A new study found that children in a modern forager society developed specialized foraging skills from an early age, which may have enabled the human species to afford larger brains. The research also showed gender-specific differences in foraging skills, with girls collecting tubers and boys climbing trees to collect fruits.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified 14 pancreatic islet miRNAs associated with human type 2 diabetes. The study used a large sample size of nearly 65 human pancreatic islets to uncover these miRNAs, revealing potential mechanisms for disease development and novel therapeutic targets.
A team of researchers from Vietnam and Korea investigated the collapse of a spherical bubble near an oscillating wall using a two-phase flow model. The study revealed significant jet formation, higher pressure peaks, and faster collapse times compared to fixed wall scenarios.
New UCLA research finds that tobacco smoking and vaping can predispose healthy young people to increased inflammation and severe COVID-19. The study, published in Journal of Molecular Medicine, found higher levels of key proteins in plasma from smokers and vapers compared to non-smokers.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that single-locus genetic diseases were the most common cause of infant mortality, accounting for 41% of deaths. The research suggests that diagnostic whole genome sequencing may have prevented some deaths and that treatments for these conditions are available for 30% of cases.
Researchers applied machine learning tools to study how climate impacts connectivity and biodiversity in the Pacific Ocean's Coral Triangle. They found that climate dynamics have contributed to biodiversity due to variability introduced by El Niño and La Niña events.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed an AI algorithm that can accurately locate players and determine formations in football game footage. The system has achieved over 90% accuracy on player detection and 85% accuracy on formation identification, potentially eliminating the need for manual annotation and analysis.
Research found that abnormally weak meridional potential vorticity gradients in the Northern Hemisphere atmosphere facilitated the development of stationary blocking weather patterns, leading to extreme cold weather and snowstorm events in East Asia and North America. The team predicts improved forecasting with more accurate PV modeling.
A new study suggests that virtual reality exercises can reduce pelvic pain in women with endometriosis, offering a potential digital health solution. The study found that VR and telehealth exercise sessions provided immediate relief from pain, similar to traditional supervised exercise sessions.
A new solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) technique has been developed to manipulate materials' properties by controlling crystallographic orientation. This method allows for large single crystals with desired orientations to be grown easily and inexpensively.
Researchers have identified a compound that inhibits the body's own methyltransferase MTr1, thereby limiting influenza virus replication. The compound proved effective in lung tissue preparations and mouse studies, showing synergistic effects with already approved influenza drugs.
Scientists have discovered that wrinkles in the cellular nucleus may be involved in common metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver disease. The new findings suggest that targeting these wrinkles could lead to novel treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects 40% of people over age 70.
Researchers investigated the effects of everolimus on the STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in TP53 mutant cell lines and xenograft models. Everolimus treatment significantly inhibited cell growth and reduced tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
Researchers found a significant gap between when private wells were sampled and when they were likely to become contaminated, with higher levels of bacteria detected in summer months. The study has implications for national and global water sources, highlighting the need for more guidance on seasonal timing for testing.
A study published in Science reveals that three faulty genes fail to regulate the immune system's response to SARS-CoV-2, leading to inflammatory overload and multisystem inflammation syndrome in children (MIS-C). The findings provide a mechanistic explanation for Kawasaki disease-like symptoms in these patients.
Researchers have developed an inhalable powder called SHIELD that reduces infection in mouse and non-human primate models by reinforcing the body's mucosal layer. The powder is composed of food-grade materials and biodegrades over a 48-hour period, providing protection for up to 8 hours.
Research published in Scientific Reports found that dogs fed non-processed meat-based diets and human leftovers during puppyhood and adolescence were less likely to experience gastrointestinal disorders later in life. This suggests that providing puppies with a variety of whole foods early on may reduce the risk of future digestive iss...
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic test called p-LFAs that can detect and quantify protein concentrations to identify bacterial and viral infections. The test is 1,000 times more sensitive than conventional tests, returning results in just 20 minutes.