The study found that CoronaVac and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines remained effective against severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outcomes, but older individuals' protection waned after six months. A booster dose is recommended for older patients to restore immunity.
Researchers developed an effective method to analyze the effect of olive root exudates on Verticillium wilt, a disease causing olive tree death. The study found that exudates from resistant varieties suppress the fungus's germination, while susceptible varieties stimulate its growth.
Researchers at Purdue University have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of thermal radiation, uncovering a new method for generating spinning thermal radiation in a controlled and efficient manner. The team's findings, published in Science Advances, demonstrate the ability to generate predominantly left-handed circularly pol...
Researchers at UCL discovered a new type of ice, medium-density amorphous ice (MDA), which has the same density as liquid water and exhibits properties similar to solid water. This finding may challenge existing models of water and raise questions about its anomalies.
A new study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences suggests that COVID-19 targets female fat tissue for replication, sparring the lungs and preventing pulmonary damage. This theory may explain why men are more susceptible to severe infections and higher death rates during the pandemic.
A recent study found that recurrent stroke risk has declined over the past 20 years, with a greater decrease observed among women compared to men in South Texas. The study analyzed data from nearly 6,000 first-time ischemic stroke survivors and found that lifestyle changes and medication can help prevent recurrent strokes.
A study by Chinese Academy of Sciences researchers found that group-living mammals live longer than solitary ones, with a 100-fold variation in longevity among species. The team identified 31 genes and pathways linked to both social organization and lifespan.
A new study by the University of Adelaide found that cats that engage in more play have better quality of life and stronger relationships with their guardians. The survey, which collected responses from 591 cat guardians worldwide, also highlighted the importance of indoor play for improving both cat welfare and human relationships.
A Corewell Health study uses predictive analytics to identify and support patients at high risk of hospital readmission, resulting in a $5 million cost savings. The program uses a patient-centered approach to address barriers to recovery, including clinical challenges, behavioral health, and social determinants.
PhD candidate Benjamin Stavnar Elveli's research investigates how different types of steel plates behave under combined ballistic impacts. His work aims to establish guidelines for lightweight, resistant structures. The study shows that simplified approaches can have weaknesses, highlighting the need for accurate computer simulations.
New materials called gas-entrapping materials (GeMs) can carry high concentrations of therapeutic gases directly into tissues, including tumors. This improves the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy and radiation treatments in mouse models of prostate cancer and sarcoma.
A new study found that posts labeled as true received more engagement and positive reaction on Reddit than those marked as false. This contrasts with previous research suggesting falsehoods travel more quickly online.
Researchers used sophisticated models to estimate the peopling of Sahul, revealing a 10,000-year journey across the continent. The ancestors of Aboriginal people first entered the continent 75,000-50,000 years ago from Timor, expanding southward and northward to settle all parts of New Guinea and Australia.
Two research projects aim to convert rejected plastic wastes into materials for construction industries. The first project uses anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis to produce biogas and bio-oils, while the second project employs plasma technology to break down single-use plastics and create biodegradable polymers.
The Manis bone projectile point is the oldest known weapon made from bone, dated to 13,900 years, and provides direct evidence of mastodon hunting in the Americas. Researchers used CT scans and 3D software to isolate and assemble the bone fragments, revealing a spear point made from mastodon bone.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and University of Michigan report that altering gut microbiome is connected to increased oxygen levels in intestine following immune-mediated intestinal damage. Reducing intestinal oxygen levels alleviated the microbial imbalance and reduced the severity of GVHD.
A large Dutch study found that the BCG vaccine does not protect elderly people with co-morbidities against COVID-19 symptoms. The study analyzed 6,112 participants and showed no difference in disease manifestations or hospitalizations between those who received the vaccine and those who received a placebo.
Researchers developed a new, low-cost sensor that can detect humidity changes in various settings, including daycares, hospitals, and at home. The sensor uses a simple pencil-and-paper design and has been integrated into smart diapers and wearable respiratory monitors.
Research highlights underuse of dual blood thinners in women after minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), with potential benefits for stroke prevention. A study analyzed electronic health records of 2,953 adults and found that women were less likely to receive the treatment regimen, despite evidence suggesting its effectiveness.
A new study reveals that wildfire smoke interacts with local weather to create conditions that accelerate wildfire expansion and worsen air pollution. Short-term variations in humidity, wind speed, and precipitation drive extreme wildfires on the US West Coast and Southeastern Asia.
Researchers from Purdue University have received funding from the Trask Innovation Fund to develop and test their innovations. The awards will support projects in various fields, including plant phenotyping, genome editing, and radiative cooling paints, aiming to enhance commercial value and industry applications.
A team of researchers developed an efficient strategy to recycle lead from discarded car batteries, creating a new market for recycled lead in high-tech equipment. The resulting photodetectors show excellent stability and fast response speeds, with potential applications in optical communication, chemical analysis, and imaging.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that host countries do not win more medals when socioeconomic factors are controlled for. Only a few countries, such as Australia and the UK, showed a significantly increased total medal count, while others saw no improvement.
A team of researchers at Cambridge and UCL created a novel amorphous form of ice called medium-density amorphous ice (MDA), which resembles liquid water in its solid state. MDA has a density similar to that of liquid water and displays unique properties not found in other forms of ice.
Researchers develop eRapid sensor technology to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, enabling fast and multiplexed testing at the point-of-care. The device distinguishes between antibody types targeting different viral proteins with high sensitivity and specificity.
Researchers successfully transplanted human brain organoids into adult rat brains and observed functional integration, including response to visual stimulation. The study demonstrates potential for neural tissues to rebuild injured brain areas.
A new study found that engaging in one quality conversation with a friend can significantly increase happiness and reduce stress levels. The study, led by University of Kansas professor Jeffrey Hall, explores the impact of daily communication on well-being and finds that even brief interactions can have a positive effect.
A £5.4 million project, backed by Innovate UK, aims to develop a new value chain to convert industrial waste gases into sustainable materials for consumer products. The consortium, including Unilever and BASF, will seek to demonstrate how the UK can cut 15-20 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions per year.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck have successfully entangled two trapped ions separated by 230 meters, using photons transmitted through an optical fiber cable. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential of trapped ions as a platform for building future quantum networks and distributed computing systems.
Researchers at University of Oklahoma sequenced the genomes of decades-old Daphnia resting eggs from a polluted lake, revealing natural selection signs and genetic changes underlying rapid evolution. This study provides molecular evidence for adaptation to salinization in a keystone aquatic species.
A new study by the University of Göttingen found that alley-cropping agroforestry significantly improves ecosystem functions, including carbon sequestration, habitat creation, and soil protection. In contrast, open grassland systems did not show significant changes in ecosystem function after conversion to agroforestry.
Researchers developed an elastic material using liquid metal that resists both gases and liquids, offering a trade-off between elasticity and gas resistance. The material, created with gallium-indium alloy, has been tested to prevent the escape of oxygen and liquids, showing promising potential for use in high-value tech packaging
A study at Nagoya University found that specific neurons in fruit flies process and distinguish between different courtship songs, differing between species. The researchers used calcium imaging to determine how these neurons respond to different courtship songs, finding that the responses varied between species.
Researchers from HKUMed discovered that somatic deletion of AKTIP promotes luminal breast cancer development and resistance to endocrine therapy. Blocking the alternative escape pathway with a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor can overcome this resistance, offering new therapeutic possibilities for patients with AKTIP gene deletion.
Researchers have found a significantly higher maternal mortality rate among pregnant people with sickle cell disease compared to the general population. The study's findings emphasize the need for increased disease-specific interventions and health disparities reduction measures.
Researchers have developed a novel catalytic approach to synthesize monocyclic 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-azetidin-2-ones, which show potential as therapeutic agents. The method yields all four diastereomers with high selectivity and has been published in Current Organocatalysis.
Adults living in neighborhoods with dense fast food and unhealthy food environments, known as
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a protein nanowire produced by bacteria that can withstand extreme conditions and generate high electricity. This breakthrough provides insights into how methane-eating microbes combat climate change, offering potential solutions to the global methane crisis.
Researchers analyzed chemical residues in ancient vessels to identify specific embalming ingredients, including unexpected global sources like tropical Africa and Southeast Asia. The findings shed new light on the global trade relationships involved in ancient Egyptian mummification.
Researchers studied the nature and dynamics of China and Tibet, identified a possible sea-level fall trigger for youngest rejuvenated volcanism in Hawaiʻi, and explored porphyry copper mineralization. New data from El Kef Coring Project in Tunisia reveals unexpected differences in stratigraphic successions, challenging previous assumpt...
Researchers developed a machine learning model using advanced 2D chemical descriptors to predict highly selective asymmetric catalysts without quantum chemical computations. The model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting catalyst structures and selectivity, outperforming existing methods.
Researchers have developed a novel approach for imaging red blood cells and oxygenation using color TSFG microscopy, enabling label-free visualization of RBCs. The technique provides chemically specific contrast and can measure oxygenation dynamics in vivo, with potential applications in medical technology and biological studies.
A study found that URiM faculty identified supports such as leadership, professional development, and a collegial environment as key to their work. Challenges to advancement included a lack of transparency and trust, high workloads, and reported experiences of racism.
Researchers discovered that bone marrow transplants can halt the development and progression of brain blood vessel disease in adults with sickle cell disease. The study found that receiving stem cell transplants led to positive changes in blood vessels, reducing the risk of stroke among patients with the condition.
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
A new study found that Black and Hispanic stroke survivors in the US are less likely to receive treatment for common complications, despite improved overall stroke survival rates. Researchers analyzed electronic health records from 2002 to 2022 and matched patients based on 41 factors to minimize biases.
Scientists have successfully created a quantum potential with energy levels corresponding to the first 15 prime numbers and the first 10 lucky numbers. This achievement opens up new possibilities for addressing mathematical questions related to number theory using quantum mechanical experiments.
Researchers have created a previously unrecognized amorphous form of ice with a density close to liquid water by using ball milling on ordinary ice at nearly -200 degrees Celsius. This discovery opens new questions about the structural nature of medium-density amorphous ice and its implications for our understanding of water.
Researchers at UCSB discovered that a single parameter, air bubble length, determines the performance of superhydrophobic surfaces. A longer air pocket can significantly reduce drag and overcome surfactant effects.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital developed a new design for chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) by adding a molecular anchor, increasing the anti-cancer activity of cellular immunotherapies in cancer models. The anchored CARs improved cancer killing and survival rates in animal models of multiple tumor types.
A study published by Ruhr-University Bochum found a significant increase in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in German hospitals since the Ukraine war. Patients from Ukraine are at risk and should be screened prior to hospital admission, researchers recommend.
Researchers discovered that glucose takes longer to reach the nucleus accumbens in obesity-prone rats, leading to excess glutamate levels. This defect in neurotransmitter recycling process may contribute to overeating behavior and obesity.
Awareness of breast density increases perceived risk and uncertainties about screening choices in Spanish-speaking women. However, these effects are short-term and do not persist over time, suggesting that educational outreach may help clarify implications for personal risk and screening decisions.
Researchers have developed a novel technique using forever diamond to generate ultrashort terahertz pulses. The technique, Raman four-wave mixing, produces fs THz pulses with nearly equal quality to the input pulse, offering tunability through pulse modulation.
A recent study has solved a 25-year-old enigma by revealing the role of UFO protein in flower formation. The protein aids LEAFY protein in activating genes responsible for bud formation and petal development when combined. This discovery was made using plant genetic experiments, bioinformatics analyses, and protein imaging.
Researchers found that electric car adoption in California was associated with real-world reductions in air pollution and asthma-related emergency room visits. The study also highlighted an 'adoption gap' between low-resource zip codes, pointing to opportunities for environmental justice.
The study demonstrates a parametric dispersion model and computational methods to efficiently calibrate the fiber's multispectral transmission matrix, reducing the need for dense spectral measurements. This enables precise control over wavelength-dependent light transmission in multimode fibers.
A team of biostatisticians created a framework to evaluate the congruence and discordance of laboratory animals with specific human diseases. The tool removes bias from scientific interpretation of animal data for human conditions, revealing that some models mimic biological mechanisms well while others poorly.
A new study reveals that online hate speech is frequently conveyed through subtle and modified wording, allowing it to evade detection. Covert methods of expression are being used by haters to avoid detection, highlighting the need for increased attention to implied ways of expressing hate.
Researchers from Osaka University have stabilized atomic carbon for common reaction conditions in organic chemistry, enabling the synthesis of complex drugs in one step. This breakthrough simplifies and lowers the cost of pharmaceutical synthesis.