A recent study from Cornell University found that visual depictions of food pantry offerings, including brand names, have an ameliorative effect on negative product perceptions. The research also revealed that participants' pantry use history plays a role in their assessment of the quality of the food pantry products.
Researchers at UMD successfully guided light in a 45-meter-long air waveguide, creating a high-density core to guide a laser. The technique utilizes ultra-short laser pulses to create a plasma that heats the air, expanding it and leaving a low-density path behind.
Researchers developed peptide-based olfactory receptors on graphene surfaces to detect odor molecules. The new system showed highly selective and sensitive detection of various odor molecules, including limonene, menthol, and methyl salicylate.
Engineers at MIT and Georgia Tech have developed a faster and simpler way to model intrusion through any soft, flowable material. The new method uses Resistive Force Theory (RFT) and adapt it to 3D, predicting forces needed to push objects through sand, gravel, or other soft media in real-time.
A new study predicts that by 2099, future extreme heatwaves will expose up to 11% of land vertebrates to temperatures beyond their historical levels. However, a low-emissions scenario greatly reduces animals' exposure to heat extremes.
A transdisciplinary team at Northwestern University developed a vertical electrochemical transistor that amplifies important signals, making it suitable for wearable devices in bioelectronics. The transistor's high performance and stability enable efficient on-site signal processing.
A new University at Buffalo study found that omicron caused fewer cases of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) compared to the delta wave, with milder symptoms. During the omicron wave, MIS-C comprised just 6% of hospital admissions, a 32% decrease from the 12% during the delta wave.
Research suggests that avoiding or withdrawing from tough conversations can lead to emotional distress, bad feelings about the relationship, chronic inflammation, and lowered immune function. Couples who exhibit negative communication patterns report fewer positive emotions and slower wound healing.
A recent study validated a remote access monitoring technology that predicts vascular access blockages in dialysis patients. The Vasc-Alert technology, developed by Henry Ford Hospital clinicians, shows promise in reducing thrombotic episodes and healthcare costs associated with dialysis access failures.
Researchers at Linköping University discovered that COVID-19 patients experience negative impacts on their immune cells six months after infection. The study highlights a connection between disease severity and immune cell dysfunction, suggesting the need for early antiviral treatment to prevent prolonged inflammation.
Researchers found that the stellar initial mass function varies with metallicity and age of stars, affecting galaxy formation and chemical enrichment estimates. The study used LAMOST telescope data to count red dwarf stars and measure their metallicity, revealing a variable abundance of low-mass stars in the Milky Way.
A new paper proposes sharing intellectual property rights to vaccines with the global community to increase access and potentially save millions of lives. By doing so, companies can raise prices for medicines under patents and sell them only to those willing to pay the most to maximize profits.
Researchers at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) have made a breakthrough in generating single photons on-chip using a new method. The team, led by Kamyar Parto, has successfully created a steady and fast stream of single photons essential for photonic-based quantum technologies.
A study by Yuan Shi found that changes in Billboard magazine's chart rankings, taking into account consumer voice, resulted in a surge of crossover music. Country artists like Taylor Swift and Maren Morris successfully blended genres, leveraging consumer power to achieve mainstream success.
A new clinical trial of over 12,000 patients found that inexpensive aspirin is just as effective as injectable blood thinners in preventing life-threatening blood clots and other complications. The study suggests that surgeons may change their practice to administer aspirin to patients hospitalized with bone fractures.
Excessive brain folding is associated with neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, and epileptic seizures. A recent study identified a gene called TMEM161B as the cause, which controls cellular skeleton and polarity and affects neural cell interactions.
A new electromagnetic device has established a new standard of precision in mechanobiology research, enabling high-precision measurements of soft biological tissues. The device allows for the mechanical testing of human biopsy samples and has shown enhanced reliability with errors below 15%.
A new study explores the relationship between fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) levels and heavy drinking patterns in young adults. Lower FAAH activity was associated with more severe drinking, increased cravings, and reduced sensitivity to alcohol's negative effects.
Researchers found that flower patterns guide bumblebees' approach flight and landing, reducing search time by up to 30%. The patterns also shorten the time until take-off, allowing bees to quickly orient themselves for departure.
Research from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that genetic analysis can identify up to 65% more A2 donors, increasing potential kidney transplants for recipient candidates with blood type B. This could improve availability and equity in kidney transplantation.
A new study by University at Buffalo researchers found that US cannabis advertising policies are inconsistent and often lack guidance, leaving vulnerable populations open to exposure. Most states do not address prohibited advertising tactics like glamorization and testimonials, unlike Canada's strict federal Cannabis Act.
Researchers analyzed MRI images of Olympic athletes' injuries during the 2020 Tokyo Games and found that those with tendon tears were more likely to drop out. The study aims to improve injury management and prevention by understanding different types of muscle injuries and their outcomes.
The years 2001 to 2011 were the warmest in the last thousand years, with temperatures 1.5 °C higher than in the 20th century at high elevations of the Greenland Ice Sheet. This warming is surprisingly pronounced and decoupled from the rest of the Arctic.
A new study has identified several commonalities and diversity in sleep music, including quieter and slower tempos, more acoustic instruments, and a range of energetic levels. Despite these trends, popular sleep playlists on Spotify include faster and louder tracks that may aid relaxation for some people.
A new study finds delayed appendicitis diagnosis is more common in non-Hispanic Black adults, particularly in lower-quality hospitals with fewer minority patients. Hospital integration that serves diverse populations may improve clinical care and create a sustainable healthcare system.
Researchers employed magnets to separate left and right handed chiral molecules, verifying a novel mechanism that could enhance efficiency and widen magnet-based chirality control. The study discovered spin polarizations corresponding to different handedness in organic chiral superconductors.
A team of global experts has developed a new navigation system for lunar rovers using lithium niobate chips, which can detect tiny changes in laser light to measure movement without external signals. This technology also has potential applications on Earth, such as remotely detecting the ripeness of fruit.
Research found that nonablative fractional lasers (NAFL) reduce the risk of subsequent keratinocyte carcinoma development. NAFL-treated patients had about half the risk of developing a new facial keratinocyte carcinoma compared to untreated controls.
A two-year study found that transgender and nonbinary youth experienced improved appearance congruence, reduced depression and anxiety, and increased life satisfaction after starting gender-affirming hormone treatment. The study included 315 participants aged 12-20 and had the longest follow-up reported to date.
Astronomers have released a colossal dataset revealing 3.32 billion celestial objects in unprecedented detail, covering 6.5% of the night sky. The Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey captures stars, star-forming regions, and dark clouds with innovative data-processing techniques.
New measurement technologies will support the global effort to reduce airborne mercury levels. The study improves accuracy and efficiency in quantifying ambient reactive mercury.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE reveals the discovery of 92 fossilized egg nests belonging to titanosaurs, some of India's largest dinosaurs. The finds provide insights into the reproductive habits and nesting behaviors of these prehistoric creatures, shedding light on their lives shortly before they went extinct.
A Rutgers study found that pregnant people with HIV have higher levels of chronic systemic inflammation and immune activation, leading to poor growth in children. The study aimed to investigate the impact on babies exposed to HIV but not infected.
A germline mutation of topoisomerase II B affects the movement of proteins in the nuclei of cells with this mutation. The study reveals that the mutation impacts nuclear dynamics and provides a platform to understand the biological relevance of such mutations.
The team's sensor detects Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF alpha), a biomarker involved in inflammation, which is linked to various diseases including Alzheimer's. The biosensor is sensitive and can detect low concentrations of TNF alpha, making it a promising tool for early disease detection.
A recent study published in Nature has discovered several new disease genes and provided new insights into the effects of known genetic factors on disease. The study highlights an underappreciated complexity in dosage effects of genetic variants, challenging traditional Mendelian inheritance laws.
A new study led by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals that an investigational drug called YTX-7739 can delay the growth of brain tumors and increase their sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy. The drug works by inhibiting de novo lipid synthesis, a process used by cancer cells for energy production.
The MEDA instrument aboard the Perseverance rover has provided high-precision meteorological measurements of Mars' atmosphere, revealing seasonal and daily cycles as well as dynamic phenomena like dust devils. The analysis sheds light on the Martian climate and its potential for supporting life.
A new study reveals Iceland's potential to become a protein self-sufficient nation, producing hundreds of thousands of tonnes of biomass while mitigating over 700 million tons of CO2 emissions. This could significantly reduce Europe's reliance on imported protein-rich feed crops and enhance food security.
Biomedical engineers at UC Davis have created semi-living cyborg cells that can carry out novel functions, such as producing therapeutic drugs and cleaning up pollution. The cyborg cells are more resistant to stressors and can invade cancer cells, making them a promising tool for various applications.
Researchers have discovered a pathway in cells that could be used to reprogram the body's immune system to fight chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases. A molecule derived from glucose, ribulose-5-phosphate, has been found to stop bacteria from growing and dampen inflammatory responses.
A new study finds that online physician rating platforms can help disseminate important quality information to patients and direct them to higher-quality physicians. The research examines the impact of user-generated online ratings on healthcare choices and highlights their positive association with conventional measurements of physici...
Physicists at MIT and Caltech developed a new benchmarking protocol to characterize the fidelity of quantum analog simulators, enabling high precision characterization. The protocol analyzes random fluctuations in atomic-scale systems, revealing universal patterns that can be used to gauge the accuracy of these devices.
A new study suggests that body dissatisfaction is a primary cause of eating disorders, especially during perimenopause. Researchers found that women in this stage experience high rates of dysregulated eating behaviors and body dissatisfaction, which can lead to serious complications.
A new method for measuring bifacial solar panel performance has been developed by the University of Ottawa SUNLAB team. The study proposes a characterization method that considers external effects of ground cover like snow, grass, and soil, providing a way to accurately test panel performance indoors.
A new study used satellite data and public registry information to track the changing identities of commercial fishing vessels, revealing that nearly 20% of high seas fishing is carried out by unregulated or unauthorized vessels. The study found hotspots of potential IUU fishing in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and western Indian Ocean.
Researchers from DRI and partners find that urbanization and climate change are changing the timing and intensity of flood risk in Las Vegas. Flood intensity has increased since the mid-20th century, with an abrupt shift occurring in the mid-1990s.
A recent gene expression study has discovered 45 novel genes associated with body mass index (BMI), shedding light on the biology of obesity and potential treatments. The research, conducted in a diverse multiethnic cohort, highlights the importance of genetic factors in obesity and opens doors to new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Researchers have successfully bred flame-resistant cotton lines by interbreeding white cotton lines. The new cultivar's fabric exhibits natural flame resistance due to synergistic epistasis, a complex interaction between multiple genetic factors.
A new study by Brown researchers reveals that changes in tectonic plate thickness impact the location of the Denali Fault, a major strike-slip fault. The findings provide key insights into how geological faults behave as they deepen, shedding light on earthquake hazards.
A study of over 32,000 individuals reveals low follow-up colonoscopy rates among average-risk populations, with socioeconomic factors and the COVID-19 pandemic contributing to these gaps. These findings highlight opportunities for targeted interventions by clinicians and healthcare systems to improve colorectal cancer screening outcomes.
A study in a subtropical forest found that arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) trees outperform ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees in high-diversity ecosystems due to more efficient nutrient-acquisition strategies. In contrast, EcM tree monocultures had reduced net primary production and were dominated by pathogenic fungi.
Research reveals that monarch butterflies storing plant toxins experience reduced warning signal conspicuousness due to oxidative stress. The study found a positive correlation between toxin levels and oxidative damage in the butterflies' bodies.
Researchers found that blocking mitochondria fusion or fission triggers an inflammatory process, leading to muscular atrophy. This 'sterile inflammation' is not linked to infectious processes and has physiological relevance in mice with mitochondrial fragmentation.
A recent study published in Cardiovascular Research found that COVID-19 patients experienced higher risks of cardiovascular disease and death in the short- and long-term. The study analyzed data from nearly 160,000 participants and revealed that the risk of death remained elevated for at least 18 months after infection.
New research found that many homebound older adults canceled medically necessary home-based health care services out of fear of getting COVID-19. This led to new or worsening medical conditions and left providers feeling uninformed about advising patients on continued care.
Analysis of surveys since 1974 shows US college attendance influences students' political orientation, particularly among females who tend to become more liberal. The study used a propensity score weighting approach to examine the effect of college on political orientation over four decades.
Researchers developed a new technique to analyze frozen tumor specimens, enabling the study of rare cancers and unique patient histories. This breakthrough increases the number and variety of tumor samples available for scientific analysis.
Researchers at Okayama University discovered genes and proteins responsible for the rapid contraction of axopodia in Heliozoa, a group of eukaryotes. The study identified key players in microtubule disruption, including katanin p60, kinesin, and calcium signaling proteins.
A study published in Victims & Offenders found that hate crime legislation is inconsistent and vague across the US, with some states providing more comprehensive protection for marginalized groups than others. Researchers recommend that state legislatures adopt clearer laws and procedures to adequately address hate crimes.