A new analysis suggests that the US low-carbon transition is likely to create consistent job growth, particularly in the utilities and construction sectors. However, major fossil fuel-producing states may need to prepare for fewer mining jobs and plan carefully to ensure a 'just' transition for all workers.
A new pathway to prevent cardiovascular disease has been discovered through a University of Minnesota-led study, highlighting the potential of TREM2 as an immunotherapeutic target. The research found that deleting the TREM2 gene in macrophages inhibited atherosclerosis progression.
Research from Karolinska Institutet found that non-European individuals in Sweden have a higher prevalence of eating disorder symptoms, but limited access to specialist care. The study reveals a significant gap between those with disordered eating and those receiving specialized treatment.
Results from high-impact clinical trials will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2023, offering potential improvements in kidney-related medical care. The trials bring together leading experts and professionals to exchange knowledge and discuss the latest advances.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers found that chimpanzees climb hills near territory borders to gather information about rival groups and reduce the risk of encounters. This behavior suggests complex cognitive abilities and tactical use of landscape features in conflict with neighbors.
New research from the University of Bath shows EU MiFID II reforms reduced research activity and affected liquidity in London's main market, but had a positive impact on the Alternative Investment Market. The reforms required brokers to unbundled research costs, leading to a decline in analyst coverage and market liquidity.
Researchers studied shark and skate skin mucus to understand its unique biochemistry. They found a thin, neutral mucus layer with properties similar to human mucus, suggesting potential biomedical applications for wound care and treatment.
A global research community has agreed on a Core Outcome Measure Set (COMS) to measure the severity and impact of Long COVID, a vital tool to speed up treatment development. The set includes 12 outcome domains that will be measured in all studies and clinical services.
Researchers have identified a signaling pathway by which aspirin inhibits colorectal cancer. Aspirin induces the production of tumor-suppressive microRNA molecules miR-34a and miR-34b/c, necessary for mediating its anti-cancer effects.
Scientists have successfully constructed a quasicrystal using DNA-assembled nanoparticles, demonstrating programmable control over material structures. The discovery opens avenues for designing advanced nanomaterials with unique properties.
Researchers at CUNY Graduate Center design stadium-shaped cavity to study and control light's complex behavior. By adjusting light intensity and delay, they demonstrate coherent control using reflectionless scattering modes, paving the way for better energy storage, computing, and signal processing.
Researchers found that chimpanzees are more likely to climb hills when heading towards contested borders, where they can quietly rest and hear distant sounds of rival groups. This behavior suggests that chimpanzees gauge the distance of rivals and act accordingly to avoid costly fights.
A study found that exposure to wildfire smoke and fine particulate matter increased the risk of hospitalization and death among hemodialysis patients by 3% and 5%, respectively. Wildfires pose a significant health risk for vulnerable populations, including those with kidney failure.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine calls into question the effectiveness of stem cell therapy for treating knee pain. While some patients showed improvement, there was no significant advantage found in using stem cell therapies compared to corticosteroid injections over a one-year period.
Researchers developed a new OCT approach to directly image coordination of tiny hair-like structures in live organisms, giving a powerful tool to investigate cilia's role in the female reproductive system. The technique revealed unexpected behaviors that contradict current views and suggested new roles for cilia.
Global cities have made significant progress in increasing physical greenspace coverage and reducing inequality in human exposure to urban greenspaces. The study found a marked reduction in greenspace exposure inequality over the past two decades, with faster rates of reduction in developing countries.
A new smartphone app using the APRI+ALBI score increases the safety of liver surgery by providing an individualized risk assessment for patients prior to resection. The score offers a cheaper and less invasive option with comparable predictive power compared to standard preoperative tests.
A new UK study found that teenagers are more likely to visit their GP about depression and anxiety at the start of the school year. The research analyzed data from over 5 million people in England and suggests that support for adolescents around mental health issues should be focused during the autumn.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found that Indigenous coal miners are more likely to develop disabling black lung disease but have limited access to medical benefits. The study highlights the need for updated lung function standards specific to Indigenous populations to address racial disparities in respiratory health.
A team of researchers has developed a novel methodology to engineer colloidal quasicrystals using DNA-modified building blocks, revealing new avenues for nanoscale design. The study demonstrates the programmable nature of DNA to design and assemble quasicrystals deliberately.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg developed a new method to precisely analyze infection pathways of dangerous virus variants using 'clickable' pseudoviruses. These harmless impostors retain their activity and are highly fluorescent, allowing for better visualization of viral infections in living organisms.
Researchers have discovered that the gut bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri produces oxytocin, a hormone involved in social behavior and wound healing, in human intestinal tissue. This finding provides a novel explanation for how the microbiome affects distant organs and suggests potential treatments for autism spectrum disorders.
A University of Michigan team found that vaccinating people over 65 against COVID-19 will save the US money, while younger adults may not see significant cost savings. The analysis, commissioned by the CDC, focused on costs to insurers and the government.
The American Thyroid Association has appointed Dr. Trevor E. Angell as the new Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Thyroidology. Dr. Angell succeeds Angela M. Leung and aims to continue the journal's upward trajectory. He brings expertise in thyroid diagnosis and treatment, having published research on thyroid nodules and molecular testing.
The monkeypox virus is rapidly diverging into several lineages due to sustained human transmission, characterized by APOBEC3 mutations. This evolution suggests the virus has been circulating in humans since at least 2016.
Researchers developed a method to produce highly strong and tough silk by feeding silkworms with rare earth ion-modified diets. The incorporated ions enhance mechanical performance through chemical interactions.
A Lancaster University academic argues that AI and algorithms contribute to polarization, radicalism, and political violence, posing a threat to national security. The paper examines how AI has been securitized throughout its history, highlighting the need for better understanding and management of its risks.
A new study reveals that climate change widens the inequality gap in South Africa, particularly for poorer segments of the population. The research highlights the need for climate change policies to address poverty and inequality, as warming is expected to reduce average growth and exacerbate inequalities by the end of the century.
A recent study reveals that media narratives significantly influence public awareness of microplastics, with certain narratives increasing awareness and others having little effect. The study also found a positive correlation between age and increased awareness of microplastics.
Researchers have identified a gene called LHPP that interacts with stress to mediate aspects of treatment-resistant MDD in an animal model. Increased expression of LHPP aggravated depression-like behaviors by dephosphorylating two protein kinases, CaMKIIα and ERK.
Scientists develop a novel deployment scheme for a 3-body chain-type tethered satellite system, utilizing sequential deployment and hierarchical sliding mode control to ensure accurate trajectory tracking. The proposed scheme simplifies the deployment process while guaranteeing positive tension and avoiding tether rupture.
A large-scale international study found that maternal depressive symptoms can appear from early pregnancy and last up to two years after childbirth. The study emphasizes the importance of early interventions during pregnancy to mitigate symptoms and improve outcomes for both mother and child.
Properly crediting post-doctoral scientists for their mentorship role is vital for the success of graduate students. The article highlights how neglecting to do so can have far-reaching negative effects on individuals and the scientific community.
A research team from Heidelberg and London decoded the genetic programmes underlying sex-specific organ characteristics in mammals, tracing their evolution across species. Key findings include sex-specific differences in gene expression at puberty triggered by hormones.
Researchers have developed a novel chloride-based solid electrolyte with exceptional ionic conductivity, addressing material limitations that hindered previous attempts. This breakthrough is expected to pave the way for commercialization of solid-state batteries, promising improved affordability and safety.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that postpartum individuals living in states with generous mandated paid family and medical leave are more likely to breastfeed and less likely to experience postpartum depression symptoms. Lower-income populations covered by Medicaid saw the greatest benefits, with a 32% greater likelihood of breast...
A new study investigated the safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with diabetes who also have cancer. The research revealed a higher risk of diabetic ketoacidosis and fracture, but lower risks of acute kidney injury and urinary tract infection compared to another diabetes medication called GLP-1 RA.
Researchers estimate that 5% of Europe's freestanding single-family homes could become economically self-sufficient in 2050. While some regions have high potential for self-sufficiency, becoming fully off-grid is not the most economic choice due to higher costs.
Researchers have discovered that mitochondrial respiration failure leads to genetic and metabolic reprogramming of T cells, causing their functional exhaustion. However, pharmacological or genetic optimization of cellular metabolism can increase T cell longevity and functionality.
The LoCKAmp device uses lab-on-a-chip technology to detect Covid-19 and other pathogens in just three minutes, providing rapid and accurate results. The device has the potential to be used in remote healthcare settings and could also detect conditions like cancer.
New study finds that neglecting gravitational lensing in CMB polarization analysis leads to statistically rejected theories and biased model parameters. Researchers develop tool for correcting gravitational lensing effects, paving way for future missions to reveal nature of dark matter and dark energy.
Candida albicans requires proline metabolism to mount virulent infections, according to a new study. Proline is an important source of energy for the fungus, and its breakdown in the mitochondria generates chemical energy similar to glucose.
Researchers develop a new type of light guide plate using perovskite nanocomposites, achieving high transparency and improved performance in liquid crystal displays. The uniform distribution of nanoparticles is critical to the properties of the nanocomposites, enabling efficient light guidance.
A new study shows a significant decline in dental opioid prescriptions, with 45% fewer opioids dispensed between 2016 and 2022. However, progress slowed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may be attributed to dentists being more cautious due to limited follow-up appointments.
Researchers discovered two extremely rare fossil lampreys from the Jurassic of northern China, shedding new light on lamprey evolution. The study revealed that these ancient creatures had a feeding apparatus strikingly similar to that of living pouched lampreys, which are flesh-eating species.
Plant populations in Cologne show great variation in life cycle characteristics, such as flowering and germination regulation, allowing them to adapt to local conditions. Environmental filtering plays a key role in selecting suitable genetic variants for survival.
A new study found that people's reported media preferences often don't match their actual news consumption, highlighting the need for more accurate measurement. The researchers also discovered that those with divergent media preferences tend to visit similar online news outlets, challenging common assumptions about media polarization.
A research team discovered that alpha-synuclein activates the plasma membrane calcium pump in negatively charged environments, preventing toxic cell buildup. This understanding has profound implications for unraveling early Parkinson's disease processes and potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers have reconstructed a global history of water over the past 2,000 years, showing that the global water cycle has changed during periods of higher and lower temperatures. The study found that when global temperature is higher, rain and other environmental waters become more isotopically heavy.
A new meta-analysis of over 600 global studies found that herbivores reduce vegetation abundance by 89% and suppress plant diversity at restoration sites. Excluding or reintroducing predators may aid restoration efforts, increasing vegetation abundance by 93-372%.
Researchers have identified a specific microRNA molecule, miR-206, that plays a key role in atherosclerosis. By blocking its action, they were able to prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mouse models and human cells. This discovery opens up new avenues for targeted therapies.
Research at Niigata University demonstrated the GH-IGF-1 axis's role in inhibiting fatty liver disease progression. The study highlights the significance of brain peptide dynamics in maintaining pathological homeostasis, suggesting therapeutic potential for IGF-1 release.
Researchers at George Washington University discovered a potential new treatment for cutaneous lupus erythematosus, a severe autoimmune skin disease, using anandamide nanoparticles. The study found that the treatment reduced the size and severity of skin lesions in mice with the disease.
Researchers develop optical PUF with random wrinkles structure, generating unique digital values difficult to predict. This technology has potential beyond authentication systems, including anti-counterfeiting and data storage technologies.
The BeeBCD project brings together over 18 million bee occurrence records to improve accuracy and accessibility of species data worldwide. This consolidated dataset will support future plant and crop production, as well as scientific communications, and inspire more reporting from under-reported regions such as Asia and Africa.
A novel gene therapy strategy has been developed to specifically target and activate the direct pathway in Parkinson's disease-affected neurons, leading to improved motor symptoms such as bradykinesia and tremor. The approach has shown faster onset and longer duration compared to traditional L-Dopa treatment.
This study examines the ethics and practical questions of epigenome editing for therapeutic purposes, including its potential for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. The authors propose criteria for evaluating the validity of human applications, highlighting the need for stringent regulations to ensure safe and ethical use.
Researchers have observed a dense gas inflow feeding a supermassive black hole at the heart of the Circinus galaxy. The study reveals that only a small portion of this gas is consumed by the black hole, with the majority being expelled as outflows that drive AGN-driven feedback.
The global antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has decreased, with a significant drop in resistance to all tested antibiotics. However, a hypervirulent strain, ST235, has increased in prevalence, causing more aggressive infections and associated with high mortality rates.
Researchers found that a small fraction of eligible patients are being approached to consider eye donation, despite both healthcare professionals and patients having favorable views towards it. The study highlights the need for practice change to offer patients who wish to donate as part of routine end-of-life care.