Researchers discover loss of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene leads to resistance to alpelisib, a common treatment for advanced breast cancer. Dietary supplement N-acetylcysteine restores sensitivity to this treatment, offering new hope for improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that a mutation in the SKD3 enzyme can cause 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MGCA7), a genetic disorder associated with variable neurologic deficits and low neutrophil count. The mutation leads to protein aggregation and inactivates the enzyme, disrupting mitochondrial function.
Researchers found an exceptional number of unknown viruses in the faeces of 647 healthy Danish one-year-olds, representing more than 200 families of yet to be described viruses. These viral species likely have a major impact on whether children develop various diseases later on in life.
Medical University of South Carolina researchers streamlined kidney transplant evaluations to increase access for African Americans. They used telehealth and partnerships with local providers to help patients complete the evaluation process, resulting in higher numbers of African Americans beginning and completing the evaluation.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology identifies a global strain of emerging wheat disease fungus, highlighting the importance of genomic surveillance in tracking pathogen evolution and crop resistance. The research found that breeds of wheat carrying the Rmg8 gene are resistant to this fungal strain.
A UTEP researcher has received a prestigious NSF grant to support his research on the neural mechanisms of decision-making. The award will also fund educational components and undergraduate/graduate courses focused on computational and biological science.
Researchers analyzed Hispanic adults' cancer knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors in Indiana, finding unexpected trends. The study provides guidance for targeted public health outreach and future research.
A new nuclear medicine therapy has been shown to cure human non-Hodgkin lymphoma in an animal model, achieving a median survival of over 221 days. The treatment, [177Lu]Lu-ofatumumab, was found to quickly eliminate tumor cells and showed favorable in vitro characteristics.
The funding will support the development of next-generation delivery technology for mRNA vaccines and CRISPR-based genome editing. This will enable broader application of messenger RNA therapeutics, including for various diseases and immunological properties of nanoparticles.
Researchers found that Indigenous populations with limited food availability have slower brain aging, while industrialized populations experience faster cognitive decline. Beyond a certain point, excessive energy gain from food intake is associated with smaller brain volumes and faster aging.
Researchers uncover 70 Euptychiina genera and over 500 species of butterflies, previously considered monotonous, revealing surprising color patterns and mysterious mimicry. The study's classification provides a framework for further investigation into euptychiine biology.
Researchers found that employing social media posts as visual nudges to encourage safe behaviors significantly impacted COVID-19 positivity rates. Images communicating the value of wearing masks made a real difference, with effects remaining even after accounting for various organizational characteristics and disease dynamics.
A new VR locomotion system, Seamless-walk, offers a natural and comfortable experience without equipment or body pose recording. It uses high-resolution foot pressure imprints and machine learning to estimate the user's direction and movement speed.
A new study creates an experimental combo vaccine by adding a key protein from norovirus to a harmless strain of rotavirus, generating antibodies against both viruses. Mice produced neutralizing antibodies in response to the vaccine.
Research finds that endocannabinoids protect against addiction in individuals exposed to childhood maltreatment. The 'resilient' group showed increased function of the endocannabinoid system and different brain activity compared to other groups.
A team of researchers developed a primary battery system that simultaneously removes cadmium pollution and generates electricity through Galvanic reactions. The system achieved efficient solidification and removal of Cd2+ in water and soil, with no negative impact on plants or microorganisms.
Researchers developed a novel optical imaging approach to observe cell secretions in space and time, revealing key heterogeneity and potential for pharmaceutical development. The method has tremendous potential for high-throughput screening of individual cells and studying delicate antibody-secreting human donor B-cells.
A research team led by the University of Cincinnati's Atsuo Sasaki aims to understand how an enzyme regulates lysosomal function based on energy molecule GTP. This study could lead to new treatments for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and anti-aging.
Researchers generated a POLDIP2 knockout ARPE-19 cell line and found reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels, consistent with upregulated SOD2. The study demonstrates a potential role of POLDIP2 in regulating oxidative stress in AMD.
A new study found that financial toxicity of cancer impacts partners' health-related quality of life, causing anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Younger partners were more likely to report financial burden and debt.
Researchers at KAIST have successfully developed a new X-ray microscope technology that can overcome the resolution limitations of existing microscopes. This breakthrough enables high-resolution imaging of nanoscale structures, with a resolution of 14 nm, which is comparable to that of electron microscopes. The technology uses random d...
Vienna University of Technology researchers have developed MOCHAs, organometallic chalcogenolate compounds that facilitate the conversion of CO2 into synthesis gas. This process can be carried out at room temperature and requires less energy than previous methods, making it a promising solution for climate protection.
The Save Our Seas Foundation has awarded a record 75 grants to support shark and ray conservation projects worldwide. The foundation's 20th anniversary year highlights growing commitment to protecting these vital ocean species.
Prasanna Balaprakash has been named director of ORNL's Artificial Intelligence Initiative, focusing on developing foundational, scalable, and applied technologies. The initiative aims to advance breakthroughs in materials science, biology, health science, and nuclear engineering using AI and high-performance computing.
A new study finds that wireless pacemakers can safely regulate slow heartbeats in select pediatric patients. The leadless pacemaker, a miniature device implanted directly into the heart, has shown stable performance with no reported complications in children aged 4-21.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba discovered a non-pathogenic fungus strain that enhances iron response to deficiencies in cucumber plants. The FO12 strain stimulates iron acquisition and plant growth in calcareous soils, offering a sustainable alternative to environmentally harmful fertilizers.
A new study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to steeper declines in fertility rates in some US states than others, with factors like income inequality, racial composition, and political leaning playing a significant role. States with stronger social distancing responses and liberal politics experienced larger fertility rate declines.
Researchers have identified a new cell state in embryonic airway development, which may lead to new approaches for treating chronic respiratory diseases. The discovery highlights the crucial role of cellular heterogeneity in shaping airway biology.
A recent study has found that sleep is necessary for survival due to its role in regulating the body's homeostasis and preventing diseases. The research also shows that the brain disconnects from the environment during sleep, and that the gut plays a crucial role in this process.
Alaskan rivers are experiencing increased streamflow during spring and fall seasons, driven by rising temperatures. This shift affects the formation and safety of river ice in winter, posing dangers for transportation and fishing, while also impacting traditional hunting routes.
The American Society for Nutrition is offering complimentary press passes for NUTRITION 2023, a leading global annual meeting on nutrition. The event will take place July 22-25 in Boston, bringing together thousands of nutrition professionals to share cutting-edge research.
A new study suggests that increased awareness of biopesticide market availability, efficacy, and field application processes could help tackle locust outbreaks in China. The researchers argue that future studies should focus on modeling the expected impact and cost effectiveness of chemicals versus biopesticides.
A daily statin medication reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events by 35% among people living with HIV. The NIH study, REPRIEVE, enrolled over 7,700 volunteers and found that pitavastatin calcium lowered cardiovascular risk without increasing adverse drug events.
A new UCLA-led study found that individuals with traditional cultural values tend to take stricter COVID-19 precautions globally, with 21 of 27 countries showing a strong link between the two. In contrast, factors like distrust of science and concerns about the economy in the US suppressed cautionary behavior among social conservatives.
Researchers found that a neuropeptide called GLWamide regulates feeding in jellyfish, while myoinhibitory peptide (MIP) does the same in fruit flies. The discovery highlights the deep evolutionary origins of a conserved satiety signal.
Researchers develop innovative method to analyze ancient bones, making collagen quantifiable and mapping possible. This technique supports the selection of samples for radiocarbon analysis, preserving valuable material and reducing destruction.
A study of Britain's native flowering plants found that genetic factors are more important than ecological ones in predicting hybrid formation. The research also discovered that species with different numbers of chromosome sets can still form hybrids.
Researchers have discovered a unique underwater spring in the Pacific Northwest that could provide insights into earthquake hazards. The Pythia's Oasis seep is sourced from water 2.5 miles beneath the seafloor at the plate boundary, regulating stress on the offshore fault.
Animals recycle biochemical waste to produce novel chemicals playing key roles in biology from behavior to aging. Genes previously thought to code for carboxylesterases contribute to ester and amide bond formation opposite initial predictions.
Researchers found that embracing early, less severe preventative measures can slow disease spread and lessen economic impact. Physics-based analysis revealed that small but steady countermeasures are more effective than strict measures in limiting health damage and economic loss.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that insulin can be stored at room temperature for four weeks, quadrupling its previous storage period. This finding has significant implications for global health, particularly in developing countries where insulin is often in short supply and expensive.
Bilayer hBN exhibits moiré polar domains that form networks of topological polar merons and antimerons. This symmetry breaking enables control over the topological properties in two-dimensional layered materials. The polarization field's winding is topologically non-trivial, resulting from a previously overlooked in-plane component.
A new study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B found that time-restricted fasting affects reproduction differently in male and female zebrafish. After returning to normal food consumption levels, females increased offspring production at the cost of reduced egg quality, while male sperm quality also decreased.
A new study by the American Cancer Society found a decrease in cancer deaths as the underlying cause during the first year of the pandemic, but an increase in cancer-related deaths with the disease as a contributing factor. Researchers attribute this trend to delayed screenings and treatments due to COVID-19 measures.
Scientists have developed BiBurst mode, which groups femtosecond laser pulses in MHz envelopes to increase ablation speed and improve throughput. The technique achieves 23 times faster ablation of silicon without compromising quality.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) has recognized outstanding achievements in cancer research, with four inaugural award recipients: Carl H. June, Kathryn E. Wellen, Riccardo Dalla-Favera, and Carolyn R. Bertozzi. Their groundbreaking contributions have transformed our understanding of cancer biology and paved the way ...
Research explores how social norms and culture influence food preferences, physical activity behaviors and future hopes for community development. Key themes include the importance of creating interventions aligned with cultural norms to create effective and sustainable programs.
A new study published in Metabolism reveals that the hormone neurotensin is released in greater amounts by people who successfully maintain weight loss after a low-calorie diet. This suggests that neurotensin may play a key role in regulating appetite and weight management.
Scientists have mapped the largest known woody deposit in the Mackenzie River Delta, finding it stores about 3.4 million tons of carbon. The deposit, covering 51 square kilometers, is an important part of the carbon cycle and has significant implications for climate change.
Researchers found that 'not-so-choosy consumers' who visit shallow stores are the driving force behind price decisions. These consumers compare prices before purchase, making them the key influencer of prices across industries.
A new study from Uppsala University found that patients can experience twice as much improvement in blood pressure by changing medication as they would by doubling their current dose. The study, involving 280 patients and testing four different blood pressure-lowering drugs, challenges the conventional strategy of recommending equally ...
A RAND Corporation study found that audio-only telehealth visits remained common at safety net clinics in California, accounting for 1 in 5 primary care visits and 2 in 5 behavioral health visits. The study raises concerns about the quality of care and equity for low-income patients due to the lack of established effectiveness of audio...
A pilot study at the University of Eastern Finland found metabolites related to oxidative stress and transsulfuration to be associated with a history of sexual or physical abuse in depressed adolescent outpatients. The study's findings suggest that further research into the biological mechanisms underlying trauma is needed.
The study reveals that female youth charged with prostitution had significantly higher prevalence rates of physical abuse and lower likelihood of living with parents, while males were more likely to live with their parents. Education and training are crucial for professionals to identify sex trafficking victimization and reduce misiden...
Researchers found that endotherms have well-developed turbinates and larger nasal cavities than ectotherms, helping to cool their brains. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of nasal cooling in warm-blooded animals from their theropod dinosaur ancestors.
Scientists have discovered how sandgrouse hold water in their feathers, enabling males to fly long distances and retain enough water for chicks. The unique feather structure uses capillary action to absorb and retain water.
A recent study published in the Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal found that diverse founding teams lead to longer survival in ventures facing increasingly uncertain environments. The research, conducted by Carnegie Mellon University and other institutions, revealed that functionally diverse teams are better equipped to handle high le...
Researchers at Nagoya University found an alternative route for microglia colonization in the embryonic brain, suggesting a novel approach to combat diseases like fetal brain dysfunction. Macrophages can convert into microglia later in development, providing new insights into microglial plasticity and behavior.
KICT is Korea's representative organization in the IEA EBC Programme, a leading international research body on energy in buildings. The institute participates in various projects, including zero-energy buildings and energy-efficient technologies, to promote energy conservation.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that adding nonanal, a chemical used in perfumes, to a pheromone blend increases its effectiveness in mimicking female fall armyworm calls. The discovery could help farmers detect and control fall armyworm populations more effectively.
Researchers analyzed concentric terraces around the Santorini caldera to better understand massive underwater volcanic eruptions. The study found that sedimentation waves can impact the sea surface, creating tsunamis and scouring the seafloor during shallow submarine eruptions.
A new study by ETH Zurich researchers has developed a model that can predict stress levels in the office based on typing and mouse behavior, finding stressed individuals type and move more erratically than relaxed ones. The approach could help prevent workplace stress early on with anonymized data protection.
A new study found that migratory birds, such as the American Redstart, can delay their spring migration by up to 10 days and fly faster to reach breeding grounds, partially offsetting climate change impacts. However, this strategy comes with a decline in overall survival rates.
Researchers have developed a novel imaging method to detect gold nanoparticles in woodlice, allowing for the study of metal toxicity and its impact on the environment. This technique enables scientists to precisely pinpoint the fate of individual gold nanoparticles in complex biological systems.
A Yale study found that the tick-borne Powassan virus is being transmitted in concentrated community clusters throughout New England. The research reconstructed the history of Powassan in the region and estimated when branches of the virus's 'family tree' diverged, piecing together its evolution and spread.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge designed a soft robotic hand that can grasp a range of objects using passive movement and tactile sensors. The hand successfully grasped 11 of 14 objects in tests, including a peach, computer mouse, and roll of bubble wrap, demonstrating its ability to predict when it might drop an object.
This study investigates the correlation between lattice vibrations and ion transport in solid-state electrolytes using isotope substitution. Lower lithium vibration frequency leads to higher ionic conductivity and lower activation energy.
Researchers develop mechanical nanosurgery to destroy tumour cells from within, reducing GBM tumour size universally, including in TMZ-resistant cases. The treatment uses magnetically controlled carbon nanotubes to provide mechanical stimulation, damaging cellular structures and causing tumour cell death.
A new study by Lund University highlights the need for cities to develop more resilient electricity networks to cope with extreme weather events. The research models show that urban heat islands can increase cooling demand by up to 68% in some cities, leading to power shortages and blackouts if not accounted for.
A genetically engineered probiotic has been shown to blunt the ill effects of alcohol in mice by reducing alcohol absorption and prolonging tolerance. The treatment also shortened recovery time after alcohol exposure and reduced liver damage. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in humans.
A new study has introduced a technique to effectively and efficiently mitigate risks by misperception of image recognition AI used in automated driving systems. Researchers have developed DNN repair methods that explore sets of parameters responsible for each misperception type, leading to more effective risk mitigation.
Storm geysers can cause significant flooding, damage, and injury due to poor city planning and inadequate drainage systems. A new computational model suggests increasing pipeline diameter and improving system design as effective preventive measures.
Researchers identified potential novel receptors for SARS-CoV-2 that utilize multiple receptors to facilitate its life cycle. The study reveals a strong correlation between tissue age-dependency and SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced receptor expression, with older adults being more susceptible to severe outcomes.
A study published in JCI Insight found that pregnant women display robust immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, comparable to those of non-pregnant women. Key differences were observed in the dynamics of innate immune cells at the first line of defense towards viral infections.
Recent advances in catalytic methane oxidation via thermocatalysis and photocatalysis demonstrate promising results for environmental remediation. The development of efficient catalysts, improved reactor designs, and fundamental studies on surface chemistry are key findings.
Researchers at Mass General Cancer Center presented recent breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including a new mutant-selective drug that targets PI3Kα inhibitors, and innovations in whole-genome sequencing and imaging-based evaluation of cancer dependencies. These findings aim to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy and personali...
A Yale study found that Omicron variants suppress MHC activity, making it harder for T cells to target them. This reduced activity may contribute to breakthrough infections and inform potential vaccine strategies.
This systematic review found associations between evictions and adverse birth outcomes, with childhood exposure linked to neurodevelopment harms. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing rental housing affordability crises and ongoing racial disparities in evictions.
Hokkaido University researchers evaluate a material used to build model arteries, finding it suitable for medical education and surgical practice. The study also highlights the potential for improved assessment of 3D printing technology in creating highly accurate models of individual patient's artery structure.
Scientists capture unprecedented view of sandgrouse feathers using high-resolution microscopes and 3D technology, revealing their singular architecture that allows them to hold up to 15% of their body weight in water. The findings could lead to new bio-inspired creations for controlled absorption and secure retention of liquids.
A study by Carnegie Mellon researchers found that about 10% of US pipeline compressor stations are electric, making them vulnerable to electric outages. Electric outages could force a loss greater than 2 gigawatts of downstream gas generators, causing significant reductions in available gas.
Researchers at UAB and UOC found a correlation between conspiracy theory beliefs and populist attitudes in Spain. Exposure to conspiracy theories promotes Manichaeism, viewing society as split between good and evil, which contributes to rising polarization and support for anti-establishment parties.
Researchers have identified α5-GABAARs on interneurons as key receptors regulating memory formation in the hippocampus. Selectively knocking out these receptors from interneurons impaired spatial memory, while leaving pyramidal neurons unaffected.
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found a link between opioid prescribing patterns and suicide risk. The researchers analyzed data from 2009-2017 and discovered that regions with the greatest decrease in opioid prescriptions also experienced the greatest decline in suicide deaths. This suggests that policies a...
Researchers have created a new device that harnesses the power of reversible doping to create high-performance photodiodes. By exploiting ionic charge imbalance in perovskite layers, they can selectively dope nearby 2D materials, enabling switchable polarities and efficient carrier extraction.
Scientists discovered that male yellow crazy ants have maternal and paternal genomes in different cells, making them chimeras. This unique phenomenon occurs within a single fertilized egg, contradicting the fundamental law of biological inheritance where all cells should contain the same genome.
A study published in Radiology found that digital breast tomosynthesis improved breast cancer screening performance and increased radiologists' interpretive accuracy compared to digital mammography. The results showed higher detection rates, sensitivity, and specificity for DBT, with 97.6% of assessed radiologists meeting recommended p...
Scientists have created a novel method to fabricate miniature optical fibers (MNFs) with high precision and minimal loss. The technique utilizes plasmonic heaters embedded in metal plates to heat the fibers, eliminating the need for bulky components like translation stages or flame burners.
A study found that mutant strains of Salmonella cause more severe infections in commercial poultry than wild-type bacteria. The deletion of genes ttrA and pduA led to increased immune response and pathogenicity, emphasizing the importance of animal health measures and proper food conservation.
A new study found that over 85% of Canadian products tested contained chlorinated paraffins, a known human carcinogen. The substances were detected in headphones, plastic toys, clothing, personal care products, and indoor paints.
The increasing adoption of electric vehicles will significantly raise the global demand for battery-grade critical metals, leading to supply chain disruptions. By mid-century, the need for lithium could more than double, while nickel demand is expected to eclipse other critical metals.
Two investigational drugs targeting the renin-angiotensin system were found ineffective in treating severe COVID-19. The study suggests that increasing levels of ANG II may contribute to lung damage and inflammation, but this theory was not supported by the trial results.
A recent study has clarified the high-pressure structure of 2D ferromagnet CrSiTe3, revealing a phase transition to the R3 phase with enhanced Curie temperature. This finding was achieved through combining Raman spectra and first-principles calculations.
Researchers propose using cellulose nano crystals to prevent mosquito bites by creating a chemical barrier that hides human skin's volatile organic compounds. The treatment, applied as a gel, significantly reduced feeding from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in trials.
A team of scientists, led by University of South Florida professor Matthew Pasek, discovered a new phosphorus material in a fulgurite created by a lightning strike. The material is transitional between space minerals and those found on Earth, and its formation could have implications for our understanding of high-energy events.
Researchers propose using agro-sequestration to capture carbon from the air by growing biomass crops and burying them in engineered dry biolandfills. The addition of salt helps prevent decomposition, allowing for stable sequestration of up to 2 tonnes of carbon dioxide per tonne of biomass.
A WSU study found that positive gossip about job-related behavior increased willingness to give a raise, while negative gossip had the opposite effect. Context-specific gossip was more influential than random gossip, suggesting that people use gossip to compete for valuable resources.
A new study reconstructs the history of floods in KZN since 1840s, confirming that the April 2022 floods were likely the most catastrophic natural disaster ever recorded. The floods had a significant impact on lives lost, homes and infrastructure damaged or destroyed, and economic loss.
Researchers from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope collaboration have created a groundbreaking new image that reveals the most detailed map of dark matter distributed across a quarter of the entire sky. The study confirms Einstein's theory of how massive structures grow and bend light, supporting the standard model of cosmology.
Research explores how hyaluronic acid's molecular weight affects the joint lubricant in osteoarthritis. The study found that low molecular weight hyaluronic acid hinders the formation of an amorphous film, leading to increased wear on the cartilage surface.