Researchers developed an AI model using epigenetic factors to predict patient outcomes across multiple cancer types. The model successfully divided patients into two groups with different survival chances, and its genes were found to have a significant overlap with cluster-defining signature genes.
Research found that women experiencing high levels of anxiety, depression, or stress during pregnancy had children with increased symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and aggressive behavior. The study suggests providing mental health care and support during pregnancy can help prevent childhood behavior problems.
Research reveals that male teens with two or more concussions in a year are twice as likely to attempt suicide compared to those with one concussion. Females also show increased odds of suicidal behaviors regardless of concussion frequency.
A new UK study found that 1 in 3000 patients experience cardiac arrest requiring resuscitation during anaesthesia. The study, which included data from over 300 hospitals, identified significant factors contributing to perioperative cardiac arrests.
A team of scientists from the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research found that grey wolves' habitat selection changes during recolonization in Germany, moving from early-stage 'cherry-picking' to late-stage less-selective choices. This shift affects predictions of wolf distribution and expansion in the country.
Researchers successfully cultured Rhabdamoeba marina from Japanese seawater, revealing its genetic sequence and clarifying its phylogenetic position. The study suggests reclassification into Chlorarachnea due to its close relationship with chlorarachnid algae.
A team of researchers has made a significant leap forward in molecular chemistry by modifying azaarenes, unique molecular puzzle pieces crucial to many everyday products. Using photoenzymatic systems, they have discovered novel chemical reactions that were previously thought to be out of reach.
A Cornell University study found that temperature variability, such as cold snaps and heat waves, reduces nesting success in songbirds. Nestlings are particularly vulnerable to these extremes, which can trigger mass die-offs if eggs and young birds are left exposed.
Leading experts recommend five major factors for FDA trustworthiness, including procedural and substantive conditions, to enhance public trust in its decisions. The report aims to rebuild trust in health care and science after controversies around vaccine approvals.
A small molecule called YM022 has been discovered to block aversive memory formation in mice, offering a new direction for developing anti-depressants. The study found that YM022 suppressed neuroplasticity-caused aversive memory formation and reduced depressive behaviors in mice.
A molecular trap prevents toxic Poly-GR dipeptide compounds from causing harm to neurons, reducing death in ALS patients and animal models. The study demonstrates promising results for protecting neurons from abnormal proteins generated in other neurodegenerative diseases.
A study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences found that record-setting Canadian wildfires had a significant impact on air quality across the Northern Hemisphere. The research used numerical air quality models to simulate the dispersal of pollutants from the fires, revealing widespread effects beyond Canada and the US.
A new machine learning-based adaptive optics method, MLAO, enhances microscopy imaging by requiring fewer sample exposures and coping with high noise levels, random sample motions, and blinking events. The approach provides physical insights into the imaging process, enabling better understanding of aberrations and internal workings.
Researchers developed a new bispecific antibody therapy to target myeloma cells with drug resistance. The therapy, called B-BiTE, successfully activated human T cells and NK cells against various myeloma cells.
The team developed a set of 11 actions allowing the robotic arm to pick up a wide variety of foods, including soups and pre-cut pizza. The system uses user-input images to identify foods and applies unique trajectories for scooping motions or wiggling inside food items.
A new deep-learning platform, EUGENe, simplifies data analysis for genomics researchers. The software can be adapted to various projects and reproduces results from existing studies.
Social determinants like food insecurity and housing issues were linked to lower likelihoods of receiving diabetic retinopathy screening. The study highlights the importance of addressing barriers to care for promoting health equity.
A cross-sectional study of 12,526 Japanese corporate employees found that nine health problems, including depressive symptoms and indefinite complaints, were strongly associated with poor work performance. The relationship was stronger for men than women, suggesting a focus on improving psychosocial environment in the workplace.
A new hotspot map reveals where women working in agri-food systems face the highest climate risk, with central, east, and southern Africa, as well as west and south Asia, being among the most vulnerable regions. Women's exposure to climate hazards and systemic gender inequalities converge to increase their vulnerability.
A Swedish study tracked millions of adults for thirteen years, revealing new trends on how income affects healthcare use. People with the lowest incomes utilized primary and outpatient care similarly to those with the highest incomes, yet had significantly higher mortality rates.
A new study reveals that cycad species that survived the dinosaur extinction relied on symbiotic bacteria in their roots for nitrogen. This discovery sheds light on how these plants adapted to changing environments and could provide insights into understanding Earth's climate history.
Researchers identified a promising dual-purpose target, KDM1A, using AI analysis of transcriptomic data from 16,740 healthy samples and 11,303 tumors. KDM1A was found to significantly extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans and has anti-cancer activities established in preclinical and clinical studies.
A study in Brazil found that social pensions and conditional cash transfers significantly reduced child mortality rates between 13-16%. The impact was greater in poorer communities. Expanding these programs could avert nearly 150,000 child deaths by 2030.
A University of Louisville law professor is creating a generative AI toolkit to aid legal writing instruction, providing resources for professors to incorporate the technology into their curricula. The open-source materials will enable instructors to customize their use of genAI and align teaching objectives with student outcomes.
The Python code library snnTorch, developed by UC Santa Cruz's Jason Eshraghian, has surpassed 100,000 downloads and is used in various projects. A new paper published in the Proceedings of the IEEE documents the library and offers a candid educational resource for students and programmers interested in brain-inspired AI.
A new study found that firms that stick with old technology may experience an initial decline but later rebound and reach new heights in niche segments. This strategy is effective when there's a lack of competition, allowing companies to charge higher prices among loyal customers.
A recent study reveals that NK cells can memorize viral antigens and differentiate into immune memory NK cells with considerable killing ability. Themis2, a cytoplasmic protein, plays a crucial role in regulating this process.
Jessica Kendall-Bar, a UCSC Ph.D. graduate, has won the Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists for her groundbreaking research on elephant seal sleep habits while at sea. Her work revealed that these marine mammals sleep bilaterally during deep dives and have a flexible sleep duration range-wide 'sleepscape.'
A recent study estimates that healthy forests could absorb up to 328 billion tons of carbon, with a significant portion of this potential achievable through sustainable forest management. By protecting existing forests and reconnecting fragmented landscapes, we can sequester an additional 139 Gt of carbon.
Researchers found rabies virus variants closely related to those in White-tufted marmosets in bats, highlighting potential for human transmission. Genetic sequencing revealed complex spillover dynamics between hosts, emphasizing the need for public health measures and animal conservation.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have discovered that conical shells made from soft materials are vulnerable to buckling at much smaller loads than previously predicted. This finding has implications for designing soft robots and mechanisms, as free unclamped edges can weaken thin structures in a surprising manner.
Sunny Jardine has been appointed as the new Editor-in-Chief of Marine Resource Economics, bringing expertise in commercial fisheries management and conservation planning. She succeeds Joshua K. Abbott, who led the journal's expansion into case studies and improved citation rates.
A UCLA study found that hospitals with high patient diversity are less likely to offer core cancer services, including hospice care, chemotherapy, and robotic surgery. The lack of these resources can impact treatment quality and outcomes for patients diagnosed with cancer.
A research team proposes using nanosatellites to provide stable and comprehensive coverage in emergency situations. The system uses a CubeSat launched over the disaster area on a hot air balloon, enabling wireless information sharing.
Researchers analyzed FDA and patent records to find that manufacturers extended market exclusivity by filing additional patents after FDA approval and obtaining patents on delivery devices. This resulted in a median of 16 years of protection, surpassing other top-selling small-molecule drugs.
A new study reveals that a genetic mutation in microglia can elevate Alzheimer's risk by reducing brain circuit connections, promoting inflammation, and impairing debris clearance. The mutation affects the TREM2 protein, leading to increased expression of inflammatory genes and impaired response to neuron injury.
Scientists discover new sulfur cycle mechanism in Lake Superior's ancient waters, highlighting the crucial role of organic sulfur compounds. The findings provide insight into how sulfur was cycled in Earth's oceans billions of years ago.
Researchers discovered a 'genomic tug of war' between decitabine and H2A.Z in animal studies, which could influence how well patients respond to decitabine. High levels of H2Z may help cancer cells overcome this effect, allowing them to grow.
A Northwestern University study identified a brain pathway that responds to rapid thermal change in fruit flies, priming behavior for escape. The researchers found that flies react more quickly to rapid heat changes than slow ones, and that this reaction is mediated by a specific circuit in the fly brain.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba have created a novel measurement technique to study fluid mixing phenomena, leveraging a selective color imaging method. The technique utilizes ultrasonic waves to levitate and mix small droplets, allowing researchers to capture their mixing state in detail.
The NASA Hubble Space Telescope has measured the size of LTT 1445Ac, an Earth-sized exoplanet passing in front of a neighboring star. The planet's diameter is found to be 1.07 times that of Earth, indicating a rocky world with surface gravity similar to our own.
Researchers found an association between altered circadian rest-activity rhythms and increased risk of frailty incidence in older adults. The study used wearable devices to detect variations suggestive of future frailty over six years before incidence.
Cambridge scientists have grown small blood vessel models in the lab and identified a drug target to prevent vascular dementia and stroke. The study found that disrupting the scaffolding that supports these vessels can cause them to leak, leading to conditions such as SVD.
Researchers found that cultivating Euglena in tomato juice resulted in high cell densities and tightly packed chloroplasts, outperforming other beverages. The nutrient composition of tomato juice is suitable for Euglena growth, offering a promising solution to the shortage of animal protein and potential health benefits.
A genetic study found that grizzly bears' energy production follows a daily pattern even during hibernation, with a blunted amplitude and shifted peak. This suggests that the circadian rhythm helps bears conserve energy while still maintaining some metabolic function.
A new MIT study proposes a theoretical model that helps explain how cells maintain the memory of their cell type despite losing chemical modifications during DNA replication. The research team suggests that the 3D folding pattern of the genome determines which parts will be marked by these chemical modifications.
Lithium metal batteries have potential but issues with interface stability, dendrite growth, and poor lifespan. Researchers found that artificial solid electrolyte interphase (ASEI) can mitigate these problems and improve battery performance, paving the way for more reliable and powerful electric vehicles.
A recent study published in Journal of Vestibular Research found that Motorist Disorientation Syndrome (MDS) is not solely caused by vestibular dysfunction, but also related to visual dependency and anxiety. The research identified 18 patients with severe symptoms, leading to changes in driving habits for 17 of them.
Using thermal decomposition in superheated steam helps preserve the mechanical properties of reclaimed carbon fibers. The results show improved bending strength and Izod impact strength compared to those made with virgin fibers.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory and Texas A&M University have successfully powered a nuclear clock using X-ray beams. The development is a significant milestone in realizing the long-held potential of a scandium-45 nuclear clock.
Scientists have developed a new method to investigate the deposition and impact of microplastics in soil, using neutron and X-ray tomography. The technique allows for the precise location of microplastic particles and analysis of changes to soil structure, shedding light on the environmental implications of microplastic pollution.
Researchers at Shimane University have found a way to prolong the therapeutic effects of botulinum toxin-A by blocking the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. This breakthrough could lead to reduced frequency and cost of injections, improving patient outcomes and convenience.
A team of researchers analyzed whole genomes of over 100 muskoxen to explore their evolutionary history. They found that the muskox lost a significant proportion of its genetic diversity in the last 20,000 years, with present-day populations having only about a third of the diversity of ancient Siberian genomes.
Researchers at The University of Texas at Dallas discovered distinct changes in brain network patterns associated with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease, affecting sensory and motor processing. These findings offer new insights into the broader impact of Alzheimer’s on brain function and potential targets for treatment.
Dr. Freeman will discuss a coordinated approach to disaster preparedness based on science, practice, and education. The Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health Inc. Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, aims to prepare the nation for an uncertain future.
Multimodal neuromonitoring (MNM) tracks blood flow, pressure, oxygen and glucose levels in the brain to inform treatment decisions. MNM has improved clinical outcomes for patients with severe traumatic brain injuries at the University of Cincinnati.
A new economic-pandemic model predicts that lockdowns and spontaneous risk reduction lead to similar trade-offs between health and the economy. The model, developed by an international team of researchers, accurately predicted death rates and economic impact in New York City during the first wave of the pandemic.
A study by Chung Ang University researchers found that heart and multi-organ failures were the most common causes of death among critically ill patients receiving ECMO. The study identified key risk factors, including ECMO weaning failure, new-onset renal failure, and low average mean arterial pressure, to minimize mortality rates.
Researchers at University College London found that a hunger hormone produced in the gut directly impacts activity of the brain's hippocampus when considering food. The study showed that ghrelin receptors play a crucial role in controlling an animal's instinct to eat, with implications for understanding eating disorders and human health.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona found that vitamin B12 is essential for cellular reprogramming and tissue repair, improving reprogramming efficiency. The study also shows promise for treating ulcerative colitis by supplementing with vitamin B12.