A study from the University of Surrey found that 99.73% of undergraduate medical students in Afghanistan exhibit symptoms of nomophobia, a fear and anxiety related to being without a mobile phone. Gender, age, and marital status are significant factors influencing nomophobia levels, with married individuals showing higher mean scores.
Researchers at HKUST have discovered a neuroprotective mechanism involving microglia that prevents acute axonal degeneration after spinal cord injury. Microglia establish direct contact with myelinated axons, exhibiting a protective wrapping behavior that delays degeneration.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered a biomarker that can predict which patients with liver cancer are likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The study found that high levels of the immune-suppressing protein NBR1 may identify patients who will not respond to treatment, while lowering NBR1 levels may help shrink tumors.
A team of researchers has discovered a way to manipulate quantum states of light using a synthetic photonic lattice capable of generating and manipulating quantum states in a simple yet powerful way. This breakthrough could lead to advanced quantum computing, secure quantum communications, and other applications.
A €1.3 million consortium aims to rapidly deploy technology and develop new knowledge to end the Mpox outbreak in DRC and surrounding countries. The project will expand a trial exploring Mpox vaccination effectiveness in additional African countries.
Researchers found Edaravone inhibits growth of brain tumor stem cells and prolongs survival in mice with glioblastoma. The study suggests repurposing Edaravone as a potential treatment for this aggressive brain cancer.
A new study suggests that a healthy diet may help keep low-grade prostate cancer from progressing to more aggressive states in men undergoing active surveillance. The research team led by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that a reduced risk of prostate cancer progression is associated with a healthy diet.
Researchers found Itaconate stimulates immune cells to produce anti-viral proteins called interferons by blocking an enzyme called SDH, offering a potential therapy for autoimmune and infectious diseases.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed an innovative synthesis technology to produce high-purity, fully chemically synthesized mRNA. This breakthrough cuts down the production time and can be used to address concerns about purity and speed in mRNA vaccine development.
Research reveals plants have developed strategies similar to sperm manipulation in animals to compete for space on pollinators. A study found that flowers use catapult-like mechanisms to dislodge rival pollen, increasing their chances of reproductive success.
The research enables ultra-clean combustion for fuels that are typically difficult to burn due to their high viscosity. The Swirl Burst injector achieves complete and clean burn by producing fine droplets, significantly reducing emissions of harmful pollutants like CO and NOx.
A multicenter observational study in the US found that kidney transplantation from deceased donors with HIV to recipients with HIV was safe and noninferior to transplantation from donors without HIV. The study enrolled 198 adults with HIV and end-stage kidney disease, comparing outcomes between 99 donors with HIV and 99 without.
New research confirms that young adults are at risk for large vessel occlusion acute ischemic strokes, which were previously thought to occur mainly in older adults. The study found that nearly 20% of a cohort of 1,200 young adult patients had these strokes, highlighting the need for regular check-ups and prompt treatment.
Researchers deciphered the role of manganese in cobalt-manganese catalysts, which have a high activity and stability over time. The catalysts' surface transforms during the reaction, with manganese dissolving and redepositing, leading to improved performance.
Researchers detected microplastic particles in the breath of wild bottlenose dolphins, suggesting inhalation may be a key route of exposure. The study supports the idea that dolphins could be exposed to potentially harmful microplastics through this pathway.
Researchers at KIST's Quantum Technology Research Centre have developed the world's first hybrid quantum error correction technique for discrete variables and continuous variables, combining the advantages of both methods. This breakthrough enables more efficient and effective quantum computation, with improved resource efficiency and ...
A recent study published in Nature Cancer has discovered that cancer cells exhibit opposing pro and antitumor programs, with the former promoting metastasis and the latter combating tumor growth. This finding opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies to target highly aggressive and therapy-resistant tumors.
Researchers have discovered a protein shell in diatoms that enables efficient CO2 fixation, with implications for bioengineering approaches to combat climate change. The discovery reveals how diatoms convert CO2 into nutrients through photosynthesis, with potential applications for improving carbon capture from the atmosphere.
A Brazilian study found that high blood pressure hardens the bronchi and increases airway resistance, reducing respiratory capacity. Regular physical activity may partially protect against this hardening.
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have been found to occur independently of surface events, with 80% of MHWs below 100 metres being unconnected. The study used observational data from over two million ocean temperature profiles and highlighted the influence of ocean currents, particularly eddies, on subsurface events.
A recent meta-analysis published in Neurology found that treatment with tenecteplase is associated with a higher likelihood of excellent recovery and reduced disability three months after ischemic stroke compared to alteplase. The study included 11 studies and analyzed data from over 7,800 participants.
The new center aims to develop AI-driven tools for predicting solar eruptions, expand space science education programs, and build a long-term dataset of sun activity. It will also establish an education program providing research opportunities for students and promoting STEM education.
Researchers have identified a protein called PERM1 that regulates both energy and heart muscle contraction, offering a new therapeutic approach to systolic heart failure. By addressing the underlying problem of weakened heart muscle, PERM1 may help restore cardiac function and improve patient outcomes.
A new virtual reality game has been developed to communicate scientific concepts to multilingual students, using visual, audio, and body movements. The study found that all students saw an improvement in their test scores, with multilingual students performing just as well as English-speaking peers.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a soft and stretchable tissue-like electronic device that delivers pulsed electricity to the body, showing promise in treating drug-resistant hypertension. The device's design minimizes tissue damage and inflammation by adapting to the carotid artery's expansion and contraction.
Researchers have engineered probiotic bacteria to educate the immune system to destroy cancer cells, opening the door for a new class of cancer vaccines. The bacterial vaccine proved more efficacious than peptide-based therapeutic cancer vaccines in studies using mouse models of advanced colorectal and melanoma cancers.
A study published in the Chinese Medical Journal projects a significant rise in global thyroid cancer burden, with 821,214 new cases and 47,507 related deaths reported worldwide in 2022. The incidence is expected to increase by 44.1% from 2019 to 2030, with women experiencing higher rates than men.
Researchers identify two distinct groups of bacteria: the Foundation Guild and Pathobiont Guild, crucial for maintaining human health. The Two Competing Guilds model offers personalized nutrition and targeted therapies to restore balance in the gut microbiome.
A new study by Simon Fraser University researchers found that folic acid supplementation may weaken the link between blood-lead levels and autistic-like behaviors in children. The study suggests that adequate folic acid supplementation mitigates the neurotoxic effects of lead, reducing the risk of autism.
Researchers from the University of South Australia have identified a new EEG-based measure of sleepiness that could provide a diagnosis in just two minutes. The method tracks neuronal excitability, corresponding with the brain's sleep-wake processes and has wide-ranging implications for managing sleep disorders and workplace safety.
Researchers at UVA have developed an AI-driven system that optimizes manufacturing processes, improving speed and quality while reducing waste. The system uses Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning to coordinate tasks in real-time, leading to faster production and reduced downtime across various industries.
A new study has found that men and women utilize different biological systems to relieve pain. Women rely on non-opioid based pathways, which may explain why they respond poorly to opioid therapies and are more likely to become addicted. The research suggests tailoring pain treatment to an individual's sex may improve patient outcomes.
Researchers propose excited states of neutrons could explain contradictory measurements of average lifetime. These states would have slightly higher energy and different lifetimes, resulting in significant discrepancies between measured results.
A study published in Biology Letters reveals that harbor seals in Alaska's Iliamna Lake are genetically isolated from other seal populations across the Pacific. The researchers found significant differences between the lake seals and marine populations, suggesting they may be a unique endemic form of harbor seal.
Researchers created Fe-doped carbon nanoparticles for enhanced chemodynamic therapy, targeting cancer cells safely and effectively. The new approach combines CDT with photothermal therapy, increasing radical production and treatment efficacy.
Researchers at Chung-Ang University developed a novel GAN model, PMF-GAN, to address stability and efficiency issues. The model utilizes kernel functions and histogram transformations to improve the generator's ability to produce diverse outputs, reducing mode collapse and gradient vanishing.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that Black men with metastatic prostate cancer have the greatest survival benefit from sipuleucel-T immunotherapy, possibly due to a genetic variant that encourages an inflammatory response. The study could lead to targeted treatment for patients who will benefit most
UK health leaders are urging the chancellor to invest in creating a smoke-free UK, citing the significant economic burden of smoking (£93 billion annually) and the potential for increased funding through a 'polluter pays' levy on tobacco manufacturers. Investing in tobacco control can also improve public finances by saving £2.37 for ev...
A study has revealed that the cpb2 gene enhances the persistence of C. perfringens in swine, with potential implications for disease management. The researchers found that cpb2 is associated with host species-specific adaptations, particularly favoring the porcine intestinal environment.
Researchers have found that tumors with a short-lived response to hormone therapy had a mutation in the p53 gene, which can be targeted by CDK2 inhibitors. A new study also provides updated dosing guidelines for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to minimize complications in patients with spinal metastasis.
A new video series by UC Davis aims to educate building managers on removing pollutants from indoor spaces, linked to various health issues and even economic gains. The project's three R's approach focuses on removal, reduction, and mediation of air pollution sources.
Scientists have developed a method to control heat transfer in graphite crystals, enabling efficient thermal management in electronic components. The discovery uses concepts from fluid dynamics to manipulate phonons, or quasiparticles that propagate through solid-state crystals.
Researchers found that initiating movement relies on slow activity of dopamine over time, not rapid bursts. This explains why L-Dopa improves motor symptoms but not cognitive problems in Parkinson's disease.
New research reveals that grasslands are responding to climate change almost in real time, with shifts driven by temperature and precipitation changes. The study found that as the climate became hotter and drier, dominant species adapted to those conditions, leading to potential loss of biodiversity.
A team of researchers has developed a proposal for an urban goods distribution network in Barcelona, focusing on micro-hubs at existing public transport stations. The algorithm optimizes delivery routes using cargo bikes and electric vans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality.
A University of Michigan-led study found that treatment with either modafinil or cognitive behavioral therapy alone was associated with significant reductions in fatigue over 12 weeks. A combination of both treatments worked as well as each individual treatment but did not result in better fatigue scores.
Researchers are studying the rift to access naturally occurring hydrogen, which could yield vast amounts of clean energy. The data is promising, and scientists believe it's possible to store and access trapped hydrogen in the rift.
A recent clinical trial found that the Nivolumab and Anlotinib combination therapy significantly reduced tumor size in nearly one-third of patients, while most experienced stability in their condition. The treatment also showed improved survival outcomes compared to historical data, with a manageable safety profile.
Researchers found a higher concentration of extrachromosomal DNA in aggressive and advanced cancers, which could be marked as targets for future therapies. The study suggests that ecDNA gives survival advantage to these tumors and may help cancer cells adapt and survive better.
Fadi Abdeljawad's team finds that triple junctions, where three nanocrystals meet, are key to maintaining stability and strength of materials. This discovery could lead to designing better nanocrystalline alloys for aerospace and energy industries.
Researchers at Brown University have found a way to extend the lifespan of flies by suppressing a hormone that regulates insulin secretion. The study suggests that certain medications used to treat human obesity and diabetes may also impact aging, making it a promising area of research for future studies.
Researchers found that global chemical heterogeneity of the convecting mantle emerged approximately 300 million years after modern plate tectonics began. This process involved the transport of subducted slabs back to the upper mantle via mantle upwellings.
Researchers analyzed crime statistics before and after sweep sites to find no change in most crimes, with only minor decreases in auto theft and public disorder. The study suggests that encampments cannot be linked to a rise in crime, challenging the effectiveness of sweeps in improving public safety.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have developed a virtual screening approach to identify small molecule drug candidates targeting cancer checkpoints. The method successfully identified two compounds with potential therapeutic activity against TIM-3 and VISTA inhibitory checkpoints.
A groundbreaking study has demonstrated the clinical success of a new nanoparticle-based, laser-guided therapy for prostate cancer treatment. The therapy successfully eliminated cancerous cells in 73% of patients after 12 months while preserving key functions and side effects.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a Janus metasurface capable of controlling asymmetric light transmission, enabling the creation of two independent optical systems with a single device. This technology also enables optical encryption by generating different images depending on the direction and polarization state of incoming light.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health finds significant improvement in air quality in NYC from 1998-2021 due to enacted policies. The research also highlights a cumulative beneficial effect on residents disproportionately affected by air pollution.
Physicist Volker D. Burkert is honored for his pioneering work on high-performance instrumentation, leading to breakthroughs in fundamental nuclear physics. His research has revealed new insights into the structure of protons and nuclei, including the discovery that the peak pressure inside a proton exceeds that found in neutron stars.
Scientists at Penn State and SETI Institute used the Allen Telescope Array to scan the TRAPPIST-1 star system for radio signals similar to those used by rovers on Mars. Although no extraterrestrial technology was found, the project introduced a new method for future searches.
Researchers at the University of Vienna have found that chickpeas are a promising alternative to traditional grains due to their high protein content and drought resistance. The study suggests that incorporating more legumes like chickpeas into agricultural systems can improve nitrogen use efficiency and make agriculture more sustainable.