Researchers find fossil evidence of two distinct human species, Homo erectus and Paranthropus boisei, living contemporaneously near Lake Turkana in Kenya. The discovery sheds light on human evolution, cooperation, and competition among early hominins.
A new study aims to uncover genetic and phenotypic factors affecting maternal health, including Alzheimer's disease. The research may lead to preventive or therapeutic strategies for women's health worldwide.
Researchers at USTC observe higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals in floquet-driven Rydberg atomic dissipative systems, exhibiting robustness against perturbations. The team identifies phase transitions between adjacent integer DTCs and discovers fractional DTCs with stability against perturbations.
A new theory of flexible multimodal synchrony challenges traditional views of social coordination by emphasizing its dynamic nature and context-dependent changes. The study provides insights into individual differences, relationship dynamics, and the role of synchrony in optimal functioning.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have used skin conductance measurements to tell emotions apart. The team's analysis showed that changes in skin conductance over time can be used to discriminate emotional states, with potential applications for emotionally aware devices.
Colombian researchers create novel mycelium-based biocomposites by cultivating Ganoderma gibbosum on agro-industrial residues. The resulting biocomposites exhibit tailored physical-mechanical properties, enabling sustainable and renewable materials production.
A crown-ether-decorated metal-organic framework, NKU-300, shows great potential for separating trace benzene from cyclohexane. It exhibits ultrafast sorption kinetics and excellent stability, discriminating between the two molecules with an unprecedented selectivity.
Researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo successfully developed a multi-element perovskite catalyst that selectively oxidizes light alkanes to alcohols with high yield and selectivity. The breakthrough catalyst operates under mild conditions and exhibits excellent stability and reusability.
A new study by Shereen Fatimah and colleagues suggests that employees who speak up with improvement-oriented ideas (promotive voice) boost their sense of power, while those who focus on problems (prohibitive voice) deflate it. The research highlights the importance of framing issues in a positive tone to exert influence.
Researchers developed a framework to guide failed entrepreneurs on how to start again and predict their likely outcome. The study analyzed 180 publications on entrepreneurial failure, highlighting the importance of reflection, coping mechanisms, and a positive attitude towards failure.
Researchers at the University of the Arts Helsinki found that art and cultural activities support social factors, foster a sense of belonging, and improve stress management. Engagement in creative activities positively impacts well-being across all age groups, from newborns to the elderly.
A new study suggests that a significant proportion of UK holiday flights could be replaced with rail travel, resulting in substantial reductions in carbon emissions. The researchers found that most British people do not travel far for their holidays, making rail a viable alternative for short-haul flights.
A new seven-point strategy devised by international experts outlines steps for safe, equitable, and sustainable global water management. The plan emphasizes local collaboration, community engagement, and inclusive policies to foster peace and security.
A new study suggests that addressing plastic pollution could play a critical role in lowering breast cancer rates. Researchers identified nearly half of the chemicals linked to breast cancer risk as being used in plastics, including 175 potential carcinogens that should be prioritized for regulatory action.
A new disease severity staging system for NOTCH3-associated small vessel disease (NOTCH3-SVD) has been developed to standardize research and improve patient care. The system is expected to facilitate individualized counseling, monitoring, and management of the condition.
Researchers developed a groundbreaking method to map sandy beach intertidal zones using satellite data, providing accurate measurements of coastlines shaped by tides and waves. The technique, validated along the Texas coastline, represents a significant step forward in monitoring coastal environments and assessing flood risk.
Thomas Nikolaus has received the €10,000 von Kaven Award for his groundbreaking work on homotopy theory and K-theory. His research has revolutionized the theory of topological cyclic homology and made significant advances in quadratic forms over general rings.
A study from the University of Bath found that labelling single bananas as 'sad singles' increased sales by 58% compared to happy banana signage. The emotional appeal evokes compassion in customers and reduces food waste. The researchers suggest this strategy can be an effective way for retailers to boost sales without reducing prices.
Ewing sarcoma, a rare childhood cancer, is made more aggressive by the absence of STAG2 protein. This discovery provides potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for treatment.
A new authentication scheme is proposed to address the security challenges in wireless body area networks (WBANs), which guarantee timely data processing and secure information preservation. The proposed scheme requires fewer communication and computation resources, while having stronger security attributes than existing research.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich identified a mechanism explaining Long COVID's neurological symptoms: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein remains in the brain for up to four years after infection. mRNA COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce spike protein accumulation, but persistent presence poses a toxic risk.
Researchers estimate a total ice mass loss of 3213 Gt, equivalent to 8.9 mm global sea level rise, from 1996 to 2021. The Antarctic Ice Sheet's mass loss accelerated since 2006, with an increase in annual losses.
Four FAPESP-funded deep tech startups are looking to expand internationalization plans and enter new markets. The startups aim to establish strategic partnerships with universities, local companies, and research centers to validate their technologies and gain a better understanding of the challenges and specifics of the European market.
The new MemoryHIV.org website addresses a growing need for information on brain health in people with HIV. The site offers comprehensive guides, practical advice, and strategies for managing cognitive challenges, empowering individuals to better understand and manage their brain health.
A clinical trial demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of concizumab, a new drug for haemophilia patients, reducing bleeding rates. Concizumab works by blocking an anticoagulant factor, restoring the delicate balance between clotting and anti-clotting factors.
Researchers have discovered room-temperature ferroelectricity in single-element tellurium nanowires, paving the way for advancements in ultrahigh-density data storage. The discovery also enables fast switching speeds of less than 20 nanoseconds and impressive storage density exceeding 1.9 terabytes per square centimeter.
Researchers from São Paulo and Spain aim to strengthen links through FAPESP Week Spain, promoting research partnerships and identifying gaps for increased collaboration. The event also discusses the importance of international collaboration in improving the quality of science and innovation.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that unplanned pregnancies lead to a sharper decline in health during the first two years after childbirth, particularly among young women. In contrast, women who become mothers at an older age recover more easily due to better initial health.
Research by SMU's School of Accountancy found that data breaches rose nearly eight times between 2005 and 2018, with average costs reaching US$388 million. To mitigate this issue, managers should realign incentives and foster a corporate culture valuing long-term sustainability over short-term gains.
A collaborative team led by Prof. Ding Pan has made significant progress in studying abiotic synthesis and stability of biomolecules in C-H-O-N fluids under deep Earth conditions. The findings suggest that these synthesized biomolecules can stably exist, potentially providing initial components for the early stages of life's origin.
A recent study by King's College London analyzed satellite data and found a link between toxic cyanobacteria blooms in watering holes and the deaths of over 300 African elephants in Botswana. The research suggests climate change may have contributed to the poisoning, with increased algal growth linked to extreme weather events.
A University of Michigan study found that warmer temperatures decline the immune performance of wild capuchin monkeys, with younger monkeys most vulnerable. The researchers used a 'clean catch' method to collect urine samples from the monkeys, which revealed a significant decline in immune performance during periods of high temperatures.
Researchers at Universitat Oberta de Catalunya have designed ZIRCON, a system to guarantee the integrity and origin of data in IoT networks. The innovative method uses a zero-watermarking technique without modifying the original data, ensuring tamper-proof transmission over the network.
Researchers at Zhejiang University developed a method to transform waste oil into high-performance carbon materials for supercapacitors. The approach produces nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbons with enhanced conductivity and electrochemical performance.
Researchers found that bacteria like E. coli assemble new ribosomes with altered tags, making them more resistant to antibiotics streptomycin and kasugamycin. This novel mechanism of antibiotic resistance could have significant implications for the fight against global antimicrobial resistance.
A new review uncovers FinTech's dual impact, transforming financial governance and fostering technological innovation. Strong regulatory mechanisms support this acceleration, driving digital industrialization and economic growth in states with well-developed infrastructures.
A recent study by SMU researchers aims to investigate the relationship between a company's environmental sustainability performance and its employees' decisions, particularly regarding job retention. The study will use archival data to analyze how firms respond to environmental challenges, providing insights into strategic decisions fo...
A new chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy called obe-cel has delivered promising results in treating patients with an aggressive blood cancer. The treatment reduced immune toxicity and persisted for longer in patients, overcoming two common limitations of earlier CAR-T cell therapies.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute developed a new, efficient metabolic pathway to convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate, enabling effective CO2 utilization. The 'lactyl-CoA mutase' enzyme can produce valuable products like 3-hydroxypropionate for sustainable plastics.
Researchers from KIER have developed an innovative catalyst that enables turquoise hydrogen production at lower temperatures, increasing productivity by 50%. The new catalyst also produces carbon nanotubes alongside hydrogen, offering potential applications for secondary batteries and construction materials.
Researchers developed engineered biochar with enhanced properties for environmental remediation and energy storage. The study highlights the potential of biochar in soil amendment, water purification, supercapacitors, and batteries, but also identifies challenges such as complex biomass composition and lack of standardized protocols.
A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour reveals that the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK) people showed no signs of population stratification, with homogeneous cultural traces across thousands of kilometers. The lack of genetic diversity among families also suggests social equality.
Researchers have developed a new thermal emitter that can achieve subambient daytime radiative cooling on vertical surfaces, breaking the limitations of traditional blackbody radiation. The design strategy enables flexible tuning of thermal emission and has potential impacts on reduced heating and global energy consumption.
This special issue of Calcified Tissue International presents a collection of critical reviews and original research articles on osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), covering essential aspects of the condition, including its nosology, genetics, and clinical presentation. The contributions also discuss treatment strategies for both children an...
A Singapore Management University professor is investigating how companies quantify their ethical awareness of using Generative AI. His project aims to understand the impact of AI on businesses and society, including factors such as misinformation and job displacement.
Researchers from CSH and ASCII investigate Austrian companies linked to VW, finding 6,300 jobs dependent on the German carmaker. The study highlights the impact of VW's crisis on component suppliers and machine manufacturers, with long-term losses expected.
A new study finds that fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) exposure is associated with altered immune responses and increased inflammation in pregnant women, leading to adverse birth outcomes. The study highlights the importance of minimizing air pollution exposure in pregnant women to protect maternal and fetal health.
Researchers from Brazil and Spain developed computer models to estimate crop maturity and yield using remote sensing technologies, increasing productivity and reducing CO2 emissions. They also created a system to estimate soil moisture levels with high accuracy, helping growers manage water usage more efficiently.
Researchers have developed a 3D artificial skin model with all three layers, simulating diseases and injuries more accurately. The model can replace animals in toxicological studies of medicines and cosmetics, enabling the development of new treatments without animal testing.
Research finds that Streptococcus mutans's collagen-binding protein may induce hematuria and IgA deposition in kidney disease, suggesting a potential pathogenic role. The study suggests a link between oral pathogens and renal lesions.
A new review highlights temperature's influence on lignin biosynthesis in plants, impacting global warming and sustainable resource management. Lignin's traditional applications are being supplemented by emerging uses in advanced materials and nanomaterials.
Researchers observed coordinated attacks by killer whales on whale sharks in the Gulf of California, suggesting specialized hunting techniques. The pod targeted the whale shark's ventral side, exploiting its vulnerability, and extracted nutrient-rich organs from the liver.
Physicists at the University of the Witwatersrand developed an innovative computing system harnessing laser beams and display technology to process multiple possibilities simultaneously. This approach could speed up complex calculations in fields like logistics and finance, with potential applications in quantum optimisation and machin...
A recent study presents a machine learning technique for rapid CO retrieval from hyperspectral satellite data, providing insights into air quality and pollutant transport over East Asia. The approach outperforms traditional physical methods in terms of consistency and accuracy.
Researchers discovered that sea anemones reshape their entire bodies to maintain the same overall form after injury, contrary to other regenerating animals. This process involves molecular changes across the body, including the activation of metalloproteases, to restore proportionate shape and function.
Research team uncovers a novel signaling axis regulating stomatal aperture under high temperature and/or drought conditions. The study, published in Nature Plants, identifies a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism controlling stomatal opening and closing, paving the way for developing climate-adapted crops.
Researchers demonstrate key Darwinian evolution principles in self-replicating molecules, indicating evolution predates life. Competitive exclusion among these molecules curtails chemical diversification, shedding light on potential emergence of life from non-living materials.
Researchers at University of Maryland have discovered that the South Pole-Aitken basin, the moon's oldest and largest visible crater, is more circular than previously believed. The team used high-resolution data to analyze mountain formations around the basin, revealing a rounder shape indicating a more vertical impact angle.
A new paper emphasizes the role of agrifood value chains in supporting climate-smart agriculture at the farm level, highlighting the potential of these chains to empower farmers to adopt climate-resilient practices. The authors propose policy measures to strengthen the vital role of AVCs in driving climate action.
Researchers used 3D technology to study key areas in brachiating primates, providing new insights into human evolution. The study confirms that early hominin species combined bipedal locomotion with arboreal locomotion similar to current bonobos.