Climate change is enabling invasive tick species to establish themselves in new areas via migrating birds, potentially spreading novel tick-borne pathogens. The study found that some bird species carried more ticks than others, with certain bacteria types associated with specific tick species.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE utilized TāStation to refute the glucose transport taste signaling hypothesis, showing that all sweet taste signaling occurs exclusively through the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 receptor. The research demonstrates the analytical power of TāStation in resolving complex scientific problems.
Heriot-Watt University has developed a world-first visual grading system to measure fibre shedding from clothing, aiming to reduce microplastic pollution in the fashion industry. The five-point scale assesses fibre fragments shed during washing, allowing manufacturers to select low-shedding materials and communicate with consumers.
Researchers at SwissFEL have achieved breakthroughs in improving the temporal coherence of XFEL pulses by inserting magnetic chicanes to control the timing of the electron beam. This advancement opens new scientific opportunities in fields requiring precise spectral control, such as fundamental physics and applied sciences.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have identified the binding site of low-dose ketamine, revealing how it alleviates major depression symptoms within hours. The study also identifies how depression originates in the brain and may lead to further research on using ketamine-like drugs for other brain disorders.
Researchers discovered interleukin-38 forms condensates in keratinocytes, driving programmed keratinocyte death and epidermal renewal. The study offers a new perspective on human epidermis and sheds light on skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
Proactive screening of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease does not improve long-term survival rates or lower future cardiac events, according to a new study. The study found that focusing on proven interventions like medication management and lifestyle changes can help patients with diabetes lead healthier lives.
Researchers from MSU found that paper birch trees maintain similar enzyme capacities across different environmental conditions, indicating a built-in mechanism for survival. This discovery suggests that plants can adapt to changing temperatures and will continue to provide fuel, food, and fiber for humans.
A recent study published in JAMA found that for-profit hospices, which care for nearly 75% of Medicare patients, performed substantially worse than not-for-profit hospices. The study highlights the need for policy interventions to increase transparency and accountability in hospice ownership.
A study reveals disproportionate burden of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome among certain populations, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. The research highlights the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular health.
A review paper explores how robots can aid in understanding the human sense of self, including simulating mind and brain processes and testing social capacities. Researchers aim to transfer some features of human self-awareness to robots, which could provide insights into its development and potential applications.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science have developed a novel gelation method using carbon dioxide to form hydrogels. The post-gelation release rate affects the degree of crosslinking and mechanical properties, providing insights for creating hydrogels suitable for medical applications.
Researchers have identified three distinct subtypes of Chiari type-1 malformations with distinct characteristics, enabling physicians to develop treatment protocols for patients. The study used artificial intelligence to analyze data from over 1,200 patients and identified patterns that can inform medical decision making.
Scientists analyzed chlorine isotopes in salt extracted from the Mediterranean seabed to identify two phases of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The event resulted in a massive loss of up to 70% of the sea's water volume over a short period, triggering volcanic eruptions and global climatic effects.
Behavioral therapies are proven to be the most effective treatment for Tourette syndrome, teaching patients how to manage tics using behavioral strategies. The therapies train patients to recognize early signs of an upcoming tic and implement strategies to reduce tic severity.
A novel CAR T-cell therapy targeting p95HER2-expressing cells demonstrates complete and durable antitumor responses in a subset of HER2+ tumors, raising hopes for improved cancer treatment. The therapy also activates immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, showing promising results.
A new study by Intermountain Health found that coronary artery calcium scores are highly effective in identifying those at risk for future heart attacks and death, with similar predictive power in women as in men. The study revealed that individuals with a CAC score of zero were three times less likely to die from any cause.
Researchers have developed a new class of oral painkillers to suppress chronic abdominal pain. The painkillers are based on the peptide hormone oxytocin, which drives childbirth contractions, and work in the colon without crossing into the bloodstream.
Researchers from Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche found that bisphenol analogs BPF and BPS, marketed as safer alternatives to BPA, accumulate in biological membranes and disrupt endocrine function. The study suggests these compounds pose health risks similar to those of BPA.
Dr. Parag Chitnis at George Mason University leads a multi-disciplinary team researching wearable ultrasound systems for tendon injury prevention and joint assessment.
A new analysis reveals that zero liquid discharge (ZLD) technologies can increase water recovery from desalination while reducing waste, but at increased costs and energy consumption. The process poses tradeoffs between fighting future water scarcity and environmental effects.
A randomized phase 2 clinical trial shows that adding high-dose, intravenous vitamin C to chemotherapy doubles the overall survival of patients with late-stage metastatic pancreatic cancer from eight months to 16 months. Patients also experience improved quality of life with reduced side effects.
An international team of researchers successfully created a mouse using genetic tools from a unicellular organism, challenging the notion that these genes evolved exclusively within animals. The study uses ancient genetic tools to reprogram mouse cells into pluripotent stem cells.
Researchers from UC Riverside have identified the oldest known ecdysozoan, Uncus dzaugisi, dating back to the Precambrian period. This discovery fills a significant gap in understanding the origins of this diverse animal group, which includes nematodes, arthropods, and scalidophora.
A nasal spray form of bumetanide has been found to reduce tissue swelling in heart failure as effectively as standard oral and intravenous formulations. This new treatment option could provide a valuable tool for treating heart failure, promoting care at home and reducing hospital admissions.
A new antibacterial material has been developed to restore the effectiveness of antibiotics against resistant bacteria. The study found a 64-fold increase in bactericidal effect when combining the material with oxacillin, making it effective against MRSA. The material is stable and active over time, offering a potential solution for wo...
New algorithm CALDERA enables leaner LLMs with improved performance, reducing costs, energy consumption and privacy risks. This allows organizations to adapt models to their specific needs without sharing sensitive data, enhancing user privacy.
An analysis of pancreatic cancer data found an increasing incidence among young adults, but stable mortality rates, suggesting detection of previously undetected disease. The study highlights the need for caution against overdiagnosis and high-risk surgery.
The comprehensive review highlights the impact of electron density topology on materials science and chemistry. It reveals connections between methods, including NG QTAIM, and their potential for simulating complex reactions, enabling more realistic computing and understanding of matter.
A new oral medication, muvalaplin, has shown promising results in lowering lipoprotein(a) levels, a marker of cardiovascular risk. The study's findings suggest that muvalaplin may be a valuable treatment option for individuals with high lipoprotein(a) levels.
A new report from the University of Houston found that massive multiplayer online gamers learn valuable skills in the workplace, including problem-solving, teamwork, and leadership. The study revealed that gaming can be a way for people to grow both personally and professionally when done in moderation.
Researchers at Linköping University pinpointed the exact location of a specific calcium channel fine-tuning pain signals. This knowledge can be used to develop drugs for chronic pain that are more effective and have fewer side effects.
Researchers from the University of Vienna have discovered that marine worms regenerate lost body parts by dedifferentiation, where cells return to a stem cell-like state. This process allows them to form new segments quickly, with specific gene expression and transcription factors involved.
A national study led by Oregon State University found that planned home births for low-risk pregnancies are comparable to birth center births in terms of health outcomes. The study analyzed over 110,000 births from 2012 to 2019 and showed no safety difference between the two settings.
Researchers at Uppsala University developed a mathematical model to understand how seabird species coexist on isolated islands. The model shows that different species use distinct fishing zones, maximizing energy intake based on traits like wing length and diving depth.
The study highlights the vital role women play in farming families, taking care of non-farming tasks, managing household finances, and dealing with isolation. Many women also work on the farm, but often downplay their contributions, leading to feelings of resentment and sadness.
Researchers developed biocompatible polymethyl methacrylate microspheres for controlled antigen delivery. The formulation resulted in efficient uptake by macrophages and other antigen-presenting cells, eliciting a notable immune response.
A new study explores the relationship between democratic attributes and greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the effectiveness of Direct Popular Voting in reducing emissions. Civil Society Participation is also found to have a significant impact, particularly in countries with higher GDP per capita. The research provides insights for...
Prescription rates of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors increased substantially within 2 years after publication of clinical trial evidence documenting benefit. The study highlights the need to understand strategies used by higher prescribing centers to increase SGLT2i adoption.
Scientists have identified new ways that bacteria interact with each other in the oral microbiome, finding that certain species bind more strongly than others. This groundbreaking discovery could lead to new insights into disease and the development of novel therapies.
A recent study by researchers at Kumamoto University found a potential link between exposure to certain everyday chemicals during pregnancy and the development of asthma in children. The study analyzed data from over 3,500 mother-child pairs and measured 24 types of phenols in urine samples collected from pregnant women.
Erdogan Kaya and his team aim to create an AI curriculum for grades 4-5, focusing on emergent multilingual learners and preparing students for AI-intensive careers. The project explores the impact of the integrated curriculum on students' understanding of AI concepts and teachers' AI teaching efficacy beliefs.
Researchers found that a high-flavanol cocoa drink can protect the body's vasculature against stress even after eating high-fat food. Flavanols in green tea and other foods also showed benefits for cardiovascular health.
A multidisciplinary team of MSU researchers has pioneered a way to detect diseases sooner using biomarkers in plasma, enabling faster treatment and better patient outcomes. Their new method reduces masking effects of highly abundant proteins, allowing for more precise and earlier detection of diseases.
Ayya Azzahra of CervivAI and Neda Razavi of iSono Health have been named as the two winners of Qatar Foundation's World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH) 2024 Innovation Competitions. The awards include cash prizes and mentoring sessions with leading industry experts.
Researchers from the Complexity Science Hub found that refugees in Austria experience significantly greater housing instability, with an average of 3.8 moves within a year. This can lead to challenges such as financial strain, limited access to education and healthcare, and unstable relationships within neighborhoods.
A new study led by Penn State researchers found that phosphorus loss from agricultural lands has increased over the past four decades, despite efforts to reduce it. This loss can lead to decreased crop yields and higher food prices, as well as harm algal blooms and aquatic life.
Global antibiotic consumption has increased by more than 21 percent since 2016, with a significant rise in middle-income countries. The study highlights the need to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use and invest in infrastructure in low- and middle-income countries to curb disease transmission effectively.
A new study found that fampridine can improve working memory in individuals with reduced cognitive function, particularly those with low baseline working memory levels. The drug increased brain excitability and enabled faster processing of stimuli.
Researchers at Technion have developed a new chemical process called triazenolysis to produce multifunctional amines useful in various applications. The process mimics ozonolysis but produces carbon-nitrogen bonds relevant to agriculture, pharmaceuticals and polymers
Research by Göttingen University and collaborators reveals that tree islands within oil palm monocultures can naturally regenerate native tree diversity through ecological restoration. Larger island areas are particularly essential for endemic tree species struggling to find habitats.
Researchers found that sacubitril-valsartan, a commonly prescribed heart failure medication, can help prevent heart damage related to chemotherapy treatment among high-risk cancer patients. The study highlights the importance of identifying patients at high risk for heart damage and suggests strategies for early intervention.
Researchers developed an on-chip detector that uses phonon polaritons to enhance molecular fingerprint detection. This compact design enables ultra-sensitive gas sensing and paves the way for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
Researchers developed BiomedParse, an AI medical image analysis model that works across nine types of medical images to predict systemic diseases. This enables non-specialists to analyze and identify subtle variations in medical images, leading to improved diagnosis.
A new study published by Kessler Foundation reveals that short naps can significantly improve motor performance and brain activity associated with motor skill improvement in individuals recovering from traumatic brain injury. This research highlights the potential for incorporating napping protocols into rehabilitation programs to maxi...
A new study by Intermountain Health found that 40% of newly diagnosed heart failure patients also have atrial fibrillation, leading to poorer outcomes. Patients with both conditions require more aggressive treatment and regular screenings.
A new study reveals that patients with Parkinson's disease who exhibit rest tremor have more dopamine preserved in the caudate nucleus, a part of the brain important for movement planning and cognition. This challenges traditional understanding of how dopamine loss relates to PD symptoms.
The NIH-developed AI algorithm, TrialGPT, can identify relevant clinical trials for eligible patients and provide a clear explanation of their eligibility. The researchers found that clinicians using TrialGPT spent 40% less time screening patients while maintaining the same level of accuracy.
A new study published in JAMA found that pulmonary vein isolation combined with ethanol infusion of the vein of Marshall significantly improved freedom from atrial arrhythmias within 12 months. This approach outperformed traditional pulmonary vein isolation alone in reducing AF recurrence rates.
Exposure to multiple environmental stressors simultaneously impairs the ability of herring larvae to react at a molecular level, reducing their capacity for acclimatization. This can lead to increased protein damage and cell injury, potentially affecting growth and survival.