Researchers found that membership inference attacks on large language models (LLMs) are not effective in measuring information exposure risks. The common method used to test LLM leaks suffers from ambiguity due to the fluidity of language, making it difficult to define a representative set of non-member candidates.
Ochsner Health hospitals have earned a Fall 2024 “A” Hospital Safety Grade from The Leapfrog Group, reflecting their commitment to excellence and patient wellbeing. The Leapfrog Hospital Safety Grade program assigns grades based on performance measures reflecting errors, accidents, injuries, and infections.
The ASPB has appointed five plant biologists as the 2025 Plantae Editors, who will engage and grow the Plantae community alongside the 2025 Fellows. They will facilitate connections across the global plant science community, lead teams, and provide content development expertise.
The VST-SMASH survey captures new images of five galaxies showcasing their unique structures and assembly histories. The Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) at ESO Paranal observatory used the VST telescope to produce these glorious galaxy portraits.
The Department of Energy's Quantum Computing User Program is releasing a Request for Information to gather input on current and upcoming availability of quantum computing resources. The program aims to understand the readiness of these resources for quantum computing research and engage with the diversity of stakeholders in the field.
Tova Holmes, a UT Physics Professor, has been awarded the prestigious Cottrell Scholar Award for her groundbreaking research on muon particles and collider technology. Her work aims to create a more efficient and streamlined process for studying these elusive particles, which could revolutionize our understanding of the universe.
Keck Hospital of USC has received an 'A' Hospital Safety Grade from The Leapfrog Group for the ninth consecutive year. The hospital's dedication to maintaining high standards of quality and safety is reflected in its ability to meet or exceed performance benchmarks.
The Speech Accessibility Project is working with two new partners, The Matthew Foundation and the Massachusetts Down Syndrome Congress, to recruit adults with Down syndrome and other conditions. The project aims to provide voice command devices to improve inclusion and employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities.
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) is collaborating with leading cancer centers in China to improve cancer treatment and outcomes. NCCN Guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for cancer treatment, prevention, and supportive care, guiding high-quality care globally.
The University of Tennessee will place 5,000 East Tennesseans on the path to good jobs in the green economy over three years. The initiative focuses on underrepresented workers and addresses growing demand for skilled labor.
Global experts and medical professionals gathered in Tashkent to address rare diseases, enhancing patient care. The forum highlighted key findings on diagnosis and treatment of rare genetic disorders in Uzbekistan.
Goethe University has awarded two prizes, 'Public Service Fellowship' to human geographer Martin Lanzendorf and 'New Horizon' to the Science Garden team, recognizing their commitment to sustainability and social impact. The prizes are intended to motivate university employees and focus attention on important topics.
The university's education across its degree apprenticeship programmes was judged Outstanding in all five categories: quality, behaviour, personal development, leadership and management. This assessment highlights Queen Mary's leading achievements in ensuring graduates have the required skills to compete within a global market.
The NASA Goddard Lidar team has developed a system that can produce higher resolution data within a smaller space, significantly increasing efficiency compared to current models. This technology, known as CASALS, uses artificial intelligence and other technologies to allow the instrument to make its own decisions while in orbit.
Professor Maarja Öpik will lead the journal's international board of Editors, focusing on all aspects of plant biology. She aims to maintain an active and engaging scientific community, publishing inspiring papers that contribute to strengthening New Phytologist.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified a key role for glutamine in red blood cell development and disease. Glutamine metabolism plays a critical role in removing toxic byproducts, such as ammonium, that can accumulate during heme production.
A study of 89,530 participants found that more than 10.5 hours of sedentary behavior per day increases the risk of heart failure and cardiovascular death, even among those who meet recommended exercise levels. Replacing excessive sitting time with physical activity can lower heart health risks.
Researchers from China successfully performed a remote robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy across 1,200 km using the Edge MP1000 and 5G technology. The surgery marked a new stage in remote medical technology with low latency, high precision, and high reliability.
Researchers discovered a class of unusually large and red galaxies, called Ultra-red Flattened Objects (UFOs), near the limit of Hubble's observable range. The James Webb Space Telescope's infrared capabilities allowed them to spot these 'dustier cousins' of the Milky Way.
Researchers found consistent formation age of 2807 Ma for 107 basalt fragments from the Chang'e-6 sample, indicating local volcanic activity at the landing site. The oldest lunar basalt sample, dated to 4203 Ma, suggests distinct mantle sources for the two volcanic episodes.
Researchers discovered a specific protein controlling the colour difference in parrots, allowing them to transform red psittacofulvins into yellow. This 'dial-like' mechanism uses an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene to regulate the intensity of colourful plumage.
Scientists have successfully used optogenetics to control seizure activity in living human brain tissue, opening doors to new treatments for epilepsy and other neurological diseases. By switching off specific neurons with light pulses, researchers can prevent seizures from occurring, providing a less invasive alternative to surgery.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham create a ruthenium-based material with complex disordered magnetic properties, fulfilling the Kitaev quantum spin liquid state requirements. This breakthrough opens up new pathways for exploring these states of matter and provides a route to magnetic properties that don't follow classical laws.
Researchers explore potential synergies between chemotherapy, cannabinoids, and intermittent serum starvation in treating colorectal cancer. Combining these therapies could create a strong synergy by depriving cancer cells of glucose, making them more susceptible to treatment.
A new study found that excessive social media use among 11-12-year-olds is associated with increased experimentation with substances like alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis. Schools and parents can play a crucial role in addressing this issue by implementing media literacy programs and monitoring content.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway for selenoprotein production, led by PRDX6, which can sustain selenium protein synthesis. Inhibiting PRDX6 may impair cancer cell survival, particularly in neuroblastomas, offering a new therapeutic target.
A resilience index is proposed as a more suitable indicator of policy success than GDP, incorporating social and environmental components. This approach aims to steer decision-makers within the planet's 'safe operating space', balancing competing interests and trade-offs.
Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have identified S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the unexpected donor of methyl groups in mercury transformation. The discovery could aid in developing effective environmental remediation strategies to address methylmercury poisoning, which can cause severe neurological damage.
A phase II clinical trial showed that combining radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy can shrink tumors and allow surgery, resulting in significantly improved outcomes. The study found that patients who underwent surgery had a 82% reduction in risk of death at one year follow-up.
A team of scientists using NASA-German satellites found evidence of a sudden and sustained decrease in global freshwater levels, which has remained low since May 2014. The study suggests that the shift could indicate Earth's continents have entered a persistently drier phase due to climate change.
Researchers from IBEC have improved understanding of how MSCs sense environment viscosity, a key factor in differentiation into different tissue types. Viscosity affects cell behavior and promotes differentiation into softer tissues like cartilage.
Researchers developed a new experimental infection model using Drosophila flies to test drugs for infectious diseases, reducing the use of vertebrate animals. The model assesses innate immunity against infections by Candida albicans and allows for the design of new therapeutic approaches targeting uncontrolled immune responses.
A new UC Davis Health study has uncovered the mechanisms by which Salmonella bacteria evade the body's natural defenses in the gut. The research found that Salmonella alters the gut's nutrient environment to fuel its replication in the large intestine, creating an imbalance that helps the pathogen survive. This new understanding could ...
Scientists have discovered a weakness in antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can be exploited to stop the spread of this public health crisis. By understanding the link between magnesium limitation and ribosome variants, researchers may develop novel drug-free approaches to combat antibiotic resistance.
A silver-silica composite catalyst has been developed to control pH during electrochemical CO2 conversion reactions, improving selectivity and durability. The new catalyst showed near 100% selectivity at higher current densities compared to commercial silver catalysts.
Dr. Seth Baum, a renowned expert in preventive cardiology and lipidology, has been appointed Chairman of the Family Heart Foundation's Board of Directors. He will work to advance the organization's mission-driven initiatives, including increasing awareness for inherited lipid disorders and improving healthcare processes.
Researchers have created a method to track genetically modified immune cells using PET scans, providing real-time insights into their behavior and persistence in solid tumors. This technology has the potential to inform personalized treatment options and optimize therapy regimens.
Scientists have successfully created a Schrödinger-cat state with a minute-scale lifetime, significantly enhancing quantum metrology measurement sensitivity. The long-lived state exhibits enhanced magnetic field sensitivity and is immune to intensity noise and spatial variations of the optical lattice.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center is developing novel uterine-targeted delivery systems for therapeutics known as tocolytics, aiming to improve maternal and fetal safety. The project, funded by ARPA-H and DavosPharma, seeks to prolong pregnancies and allow crucial development of significant organs.
Research found that prolonged blue light exposure accelerates bone growth and bone age, leading to early puberty in rats. This could have implications for children's height and skeletal development in adulthood.
A Drexel University study of over 3 million children found that exposure to certain antiseizure medications during pregnancy linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental issues. However, the absolute risk remains low, and lamotrigine may be a less risky option.
Researchers have developed a deep-learning-powered metalens imaging system that overcomes limitations of traditional metalenses. The system pairs a mass-produced metalens with an image restoration framework driven by AI to achieve aberration-free, full-color images while maintaining compact form factor.
The University of the Arts Helsinki study finds that integrating interculturalism into music education cultivates empathetic and globally-minded artists. Students benefit from engaging in intercultural dialogue, collaboration, and community-based projects, fostering a new generation of global citizens.
Researchers developed a novel catalyst with integrated magnetic field, achieving 90% H2O2 production efficiency and significantly enhancing the reaction's performance. The new approach requires minimal amounts of magnetic materials, making it safer and more practical for large-scale applications.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a method to enable AI to measure surfaces, opening up applications in medical diagnostics, manufacturing quality control, and more. The system uses photon-firing scanning lasers and AI models trained to detect speckle noise, allowing for accurate surface topography analysis.
A team of FSU researchers created the first model that explains the phenomenon of trail formation to multiple food sources. The model reveals that ants will leave pheromone trails connecting their colony to multiple food sources when they're available, creating an equilibrium where equidistant food sources maintain multiple trails.
Researchers develop biocooperative materials by harnessing blood-clotting and peptide self-assembly to repair bones in animal models. The new approach enables the creation of regenerative materials that can be easily assembled, manipulated, and 3D printed while maintaining normal healing functions.
Researchers at SickKids have discovered that stress changes how our brain encodes and retrieves aversive memories, leading to generalized fearful responses. A promising intervention has been identified to limit this effect and potentially reduce the harm caused by PTSD.
Research by UC Santa Cruz psychologist Barbara Rogoff finds that globalization has reduced collaborative interactions among Mayan families, but they still prioritize harmonious relations and community involvement. The traditional practice of Learning by Observing and Pitching In remains a key strength for Indigenous communities.
A partnership between ETRI and F&U Credit Information Co., Ltd. aims to develop an AI-based counseling support technology, enabling innovation in current counseling environments. The technology focuses on four key areas: Counseling Summary, Evaluation, Classification, and Knowledge Provision.
Researchers found that acute stress prevents mice from forming specific memories, instead forming generalized memories encoded by larger numbers of neurons. Stress disrupts engram ensembles in the lateral amygdala, leading to a loss of memory specificity.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found increased labor force participation among people with cognitive disabilities in states that ended the subminimum wage practice. The repeal allowed these employees to work in equal paying, fully integrated jobs as their peers without a disability.
Researchers at TUM studied 103 public squares in Munich to understand how design factors affect flora and fauna. They found that diverse ecosystems are more stable and beneficial for human well-being, with positive effects on the immune system, moods, and microbiome.
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) has established a new research fellowship in malaria genomic epidemiology, honoring the late Professor Dominic Kwiatkowski. The fellowship aims to support early- to mid-career researchers from low- or middle-income countries in advancing malaria research.
A nationwide study found that Swedish young men with delayed puberty are more likely to use healthcare services later in life. They were also more likely to be admitted to hospital and prescribed medications, indicating potential long-term health consequences.
A study by the University of Bonn and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais shows that forest protection measures significantly reduce particulate matter in the air, leading to a decrease in hospital stays and deaths due to respiratory diseases. Protective measures are estimated to save around 680 human lives per year.
Topological defects in the structure of certain insulating materials can trigger a transition to conductivity, enabling the development of new ultra-fast devices and memories. Researchers have discovered that these defects play a crucial role in the transformation of Mott materials from an insulating to a conductive state.
A study found that mountain lions in areas with high human recreation are more nocturnal, adjusting their activity to avoid interactions. The animals' flexibility in timing allows for coexistence between humans and wildlife.
The material exhibits unusual stretching characteristics, including compression in some areas and local stretching reactions at distant points. This sensitivity to loads makes it potentially valuable for engineering applications, such as monitoring building deformations or characterizing forces in cells.
The Chang'e-6 mission returned lunar soil samples from the far side of the Moon, providing insights into the global dichotomy between near and far sides. The samples contain two types of mare basalts, with high-precision dating suggesting that 'young magmatism' exists on the far side, indicating a depleted mantle source.
Researchers found evidence of early fire use by Indigenous Tasmanians to create open spaces for food procurement and cultural activities. The study provides new insights into the long-standing connection between Indigenous peoples and their country.
A new CNIC study identifies a surprising mechanism through which tissue viscoelasticity counteracts the sensing of rigidity. Cells respond to ECM viscoelasticity regulating response times and outweighing high-rigidity sensing.
A team of researchers analyzed historical marking data from the Discovery Marking Program to investigate Antarctic blue whale population structure. They found frequent mixing among ocean basins, indicating a single circumpolar population. This study provides valuable insights into the conservation of this endangered species.
Researchers found charcoal and pollen in ancient mud from the Bass Strait islands, indicating that early Aboriginal Tasmanians used fire to clear forests and create open spaces for subsistence and cultural activities. This discovery provides insight into how humans have shaped their environment for tens of thousands of years.
A new study from Stevens Institute of Technology found that 'Jekyll-and-Hyde' leadership takes a sharp toll on employees' morale and job performance. When supervisors alternate between abusive and ethical behavior, it creates uncertainty and erodes confidence in the supervisor's capabilities.
Researchers developed a new method to create ultra-responsive thin films, enhancing wireless communications, electronics, and other technologies. The approach enables faster data transmission speeds and reduced latency, paving the way for next-generation 5G and emerging 6G networks.
Researchers at University of Toronto have developed a new microfluidic platform, ReSCUE, that allows for unprecedented control and manipulation of tumor shapes. This enables the formation, release, and transfer of patient-derived tumoroids, providing insights into how tumor shape predicts cancer cell behavior and aggressiveness.
A recent study published by the University of Kansas found that cannabis users tend to consume less when they have responsibilities like job interviews or caring for children. People who rated the suitability of using cannabis in these situations more highly were also more likely to consider using the drug.
A HKUMed research team discovered a significant association between specific EBV variants and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which is prevalent in southern China. The study identified high-risk EBV haplotype present in about 70% of NPC cases, suggesting potential new avenues for screening and diagnosis.
A rare missense variant in STAT6 was found to protect against moderately severe to severe T2 high asthma. The variant reduces the capability of cells to respond to and further activate T2 inflammatory response.
A study found that spending two hours a week in nature reduced emotional distress among 10- to 12-year-olds with significant mental health problems. Teachers reported changes in behavior, including increased calmness and attentiveness.
A new study from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found a significant association between climate change and ocular surface eye conditions, particularly when particulate matter from air pollution was prevalent. The researchers discovered that clinical visits for ocular surface irritation and conjunctivitis more than d...
Scientists have discovered a molecular pathway controlling cell division orientation in plants, leading to enhanced crop resilience through reshaped root structures. The study identifies SPL13 as a critical regulator of root meristem development, promoting middle cortex formation and significant thickening of the meristematic zone.
A novel citric-acid-based method has been developed to recycle metals from NCM cathodes with minimal energy usage and lower emissions. The process involves a relatively small amount of citric acid, allowing for efficient separation and reclamation of lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese metals.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa have demonstrated a new phenomenon where a laser beam casts a visible shadow, similar to traditional shadows. The study's findings suggest that under certain conditions, light can block other light, creating this effect.
Stanford researchers developed a method to describe food texture with striking similarity to human taste testers using mechanical testing and machine learning. The study found that some plant-based products can already reproduce the whole texture spectrum of animal meats.
New study suggests that small group differences may reflect important benefits for individual patients with cardiomyopathy. The authors recommend explicitly describing patient-level data to support clinical interpretation of results.
A new study found that zinc deficiency promotes lung infection by Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria, which is a leading cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Blocking IL-13 prevented infection-associated death in an animal model, suggesting anti-IL-13 antibodies may protect against bacterial pneumonia in patients with zinc deficiency.
Researchers at Tufts University discovered that TB bacteria maintain a consistent growth rate throughout their life cycle, defying expectations. The study also reveals new growth behaviors of TB bacteria, including the ability to grow from either end after division.
A USF study has confirmed the existence of hallucinogenic cocktails in ancient Egyptian fertility rituals, using a Bes mug as evidence. The concoction, flavored with honey and other ingredients, was likely used to induce dream-vision in magic rituals reenacting Egyptian myths.
The University of Arizona has received a $2.5 million grant from the Freeport-McMoRan Foundation to develop K-12 programs that educate teachers and students about responsible mining practices. The program aims to inspire students to pursue education and careers in the mining industry, particularly in sustainable materials and innovation.
A new study by Mass General Brigham researchers found that excessive sedentary behavior increases the risk of heart failure and cardiovascular death. Even among individuals who meet guideline levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sitting for extended periods can still pose significant health risks. The study's findings sugg...
A new study reveals that US college students who use dating apps are more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors, including unprotected sex and multiple partners. The study suggests a vicious cycle where dating app use contributes to increased risks and vice versa.
Research highlights selenium's utilization, biosynthesis, and physiological functions in the brain, as well as its role in various neurodegenerative diseases. The study provides evidence for therapeutic effects of selenium on diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A new study by uOttawa highlights the importance of providing culturally and linguistically concordant care to avoid inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotics. Francophone and Allophone residents are more likely to experience inappropriateness compared to English-language patients.
Researchers developed non-hygroscopic ionogel-based sensors that resist humidity and withstand high pressures, enabling accurate intra-articular pressure sensing. The sensors show exceptional angular resolution and pressure resolution, with potential applications in implantable devices.
Recent studies have demonstrated a causal role for the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, including gastrointestinal conditions and immune-related disorders. Manipulating the gut microbiome may open new avenues for treatment, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) showing efficacy in reducing CDI recurrence rates up to 93%.