Researchers found that sodium butyrate inhibits necroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells of liver cirrhosis by regulating MLKL via E2F1. Fecal BA levels were negatively correlated with serum MLKL levels, suggesting a protective effect.
Research in Physics of Fluids suggests that a barrel roof with a single ventilation opening can minimize badminton birdie drift. The study recommends playing high-stakes games on such courts to mitigate wind drift, which has been a contentious issue in tournaments.
An international team of researchers has confirmed the location of the oldest ochre mine in the world, dating back around 48,000 years. Ochre was found to have spread from the mine to nearby areas, revealing ancient extraction and transport networks.
The study found that DNA packaging sends signals through an unusual pathway, affecting cell division and growth. Chromatin acts as a guide, telling the cell how to read and use the information in the DNA.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo developed a novel nanotechnology-based solution to remove micro- and nanoplastics from water. The process uses magnetic nanoparticles that bind to tiny plastic particles and can be removed with a magnet.
A new study found that artificial light significantly disrupts the circadian rhythms of honey bees, leading to impaired behaviors and reduced sleep periods. This poses a threat to their essential role as pollinators, supporting ecosystem stability and global food security.
A multidrug-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae has been detected in Northeast Brazil, with the bacterium being resistant to all available antibiotics. The strain had previously been detected in the US and can potentially spread globally.
A recent study found that only half of young cancer patients report discussing fertility preservation options with their healthcare provider. The study, which included 473 patients between the ages of 18 and 49, highlights the need for comprehensive reproductive health care in oncology treatment. Fertility preservation discussions were...
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that community health workers can effectively coordinate asthma care between homes, schools, and primary care providers. This approach showed a statistically significant benefit in improving asthma control for children.
A recent study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that nuclear energy can lead to a more affordable energy system overall. It can reduce the need for costly power grid expansions and energy storage, while lowering environmental impacts and air pollution.
Researchers analyzed medical trends for the most common childhood rheumatic disorder, finding that newer biologic and targeted therapies surpassed traditional treatments. The study revealed a significant decline in conventional therapy use and an increase in biologic therapies, particularly adalimumab.
Continuous Medicaid enrollment is associated with a lower rate of late-stage lymphoma diagnosis, but fewer than half of patients are continuously enrolled before diagnosis. The study found that continuous coverage was strongly linked to a lower likelihood of late-stage diagnosis, especially in young adults.
Researchers used high-resolution IR spectroscopy in superfluid helium nanodroplets to investigate hydrogen sulphide molecules. The study found that the binding between H2S molecules is more floppy in the ground state, but becomes similar to water upon excitation.
Digital twins simulate real-world objects or systems, allowing researchers to explore unexplored scenarios and gain insights. Complexity data science combines techniques from complexity science and data science, providing novel capabilities for society's challenges.
A recent study published in JSFA Reports confirms that various pork cuts, Italian hams, and sausages offer excellent protein quality. The study found that all tested pork products achieved a Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) greater than 100.
NeuroMechFly v2 simulates how a fruit fly navigates through its environment while reacting to sights, smells, and obstacles. The model can track moving objects visually or navigate towards an odor source, while avoiding obstacles in its path, enabling researchers to study brain-body coordination and animal intelligence.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports correlates higher levels of pollutant particulate matter with increased occurrences of head and neck aerodigestive cancer. The research found a significant association between exposure to PM2.5 and the incidence of head and neck cancer, shedding light on the environmental factor contributi...
The Finnish epilepsy care pathway provides a comprehensive, integrated approach to diagnosing and treating complex conditions. The model combines modern digital tools, data sharing, and peer support to ensure consistent, effective care regardless of socioeconomic status.
Researchers developed a comprehensive methodology to quantify intelligence attributes in autonomous vehicles, harmonizing physical, cognitive, and functionality domains. The MIQ framework provides a transformative approach that benchmarks intelligence and fosters human-like cognition.
A new study introduces the Meuhedet Electronic Frailty Index (MEFI) to assess frailty in older people and identify those at risk for serious health outcomes. The index classifies individuals as 'fit,' 'mildly frail,' or 'severely frail' and has been shown to predict mortality and hospitalization with high accuracy.
A new digital toolkit aims to screen patients for intimate partner violence (IPV) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while providing resources and support for long-lasting recovery. The toolkit prioritizes patient safety and will be beta-tested before being rolled out in a large randomized clinical trial.
Research suggests that a 1% increase in green space in deprived urban areas could lead to 40% fewer preventable deaths. The study found that access to green space is poorest in the most deprived areas, with significant associations between green space and preventable deaths in England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
Researchers at Aalto University have designed realistic photonic time crystals that exponentially amplify light, paving the way for faster and more compact optical devices. The discovery has potential applications in nanosensing, imaging, and communication.
A new biomass densification technique increases bioethanol production efficiency by up to 95% sugar retention and 90% enzymatic sugar conversion. The method also utilizes biomass residues as effective bio-adsorbents for dye wastewater treatment, achieving removal rates of over 90%.
The study emphasizes the need for a coherent approach to understanding A.I. threats, recognizing the intricate interplay between technology and society. Experts propose involving laypeople and experts in risk assessment processes, as well as promoting social resilience to ensure better decision-making.
A groundbreaking metagenomic sequencing test has proven effective in rapidly diagnosing almost any kind of pathogen, including viruses, bacteria, fungus or parasite. The test analyzes all nucleic acids present in a sample, replacing multiple tests with a single one and speeding up diagnosis.
Researchers from LSU and the University of Texas at Tyler excavated the earliest ancient Maya salt works in southern Belize, revealing a small salt-making site with ties to nearby communities. The discovery provides insight into the local enterprise and trade connections of the ancient Maya during the Early Classic period.
Researchers have successfully synthesized simple, environmentally sensitive cells with artificial organelles and emulated natural cell-cell communication. The protocells use light-responsive molecules and calcium ions to transmit signals between cells, paving the way for synthetic tissue development and therapeutic applications.
A study by Niigata University found that AI analysis of PET/CT images can predict the occurrence of interstitial lung disease, a serious side effect of immunotherapy. Patients with high inflammation in non-cancerous lungs are at a higher risk of developing this condition.
A large cohort study found that young adults with type 2 diabetes ages 20-39 who had low incomes were more likely to die prematurely. The study highlights the need for socioeconomic support to address income-related health disparities among younger individuals.
Scientists are exploring the use of fluralaner, an insecticide used to treat pets, as a larvicide against mosquitoes and flies. The study found that fluralaner is effective in controlling mosquito larvae for five weeks and midge larvae for eight weeks.
A team of researchers has made the southernmost discovery of amber in the world, revealing environmental conditions and forest ecosystems near the South Pole. The 'Pine Island amber' provides direct insights into a swampy, conifer-rich, temperate rainforest environment 90 million years ago.
Graph convolutional networks improve collaborative patterns but exacerbate popularity bias, recommending more popular than lesser-known items. A new method corrects this by identifying and removing influential nodes' effects, improving recommendations for both popular and lesser-known items.
A University of California, Davis study reveals that large grazing wildlife like caribou and muskoxen influence the timing and abundance of Arctic plants. The research found that plants where these animals were present emerged earlier and were more abundant later in the season.
Research found that dog owners attribute various roles to their pets, including friend, family member, child, colleague, or security guard. The study identified three distinct owner profiles with different dog roles and characteristics, which may impact daily life and canine welfare.
The new CAMP 2.0 tool provides personalized medicine for managing allergic contact dermatitis by generating safe lists based on individual patch testing results. It offers thousands of product options and interactive tools to help patients find safe products, track their quality of life, and understand their allergens.
A new study warns that climate change could lead to the loss of up to 68% of the world's temperate rainforests by 2100, highlighting the urgent need for action. The UK has a quarter of the world's potential for restoration and is resilient to low and medium amounts of future warming.
The study reveals that the hadal snailfish has unique metabolic adjustments to store energy, optimize energy utilization, and maintain membrane fluidity. The fish increases lipid reserves, elevates CoQ and ATPase levels, and adjusts fatty acid ratios to withstand food scarcity and high pressure.
Researchers from the University of Bonn have developed a new method to study immune receptors using a label-free biosensor assay. This approach allows for the detection of specific chemical signals that activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are found on the surface of immune cells and play a crucial role in detecting infections. T...
A global convection-permitting model developed by a team from USTC accurately predicted the 2020 plum rain event in Japan, capturing its intensity and location. The model improved forecast accuracy at high resolutions, aligning well with observational data.
A recent study found that vitamin D supplementation can decrease blood pressure in older adults with obesity and those with low vitamin D levels. High doses of vitamin D did not provide additional health benefits compared to the recommended daily dose.
Researchers found that trees exhibit two distinct swaying patterns depending on wind speed, with branches absorbing energy in light winds and whole-tree sway in higher winds. The transition between patterns occurred at different wind speeds depending on forest density, shedding light on how forests respond to wind stress.
The updated guidance reaffirms the importance of CPR with breaths for resuscitating individuals who have drowned. It also highlights the need for prevention, recognition, and safe rescue to improve chances of survival. The recommendations are based on evidence-based practices to restore breathing and blood circulation.
Researchers developed a novel machine-learning model to identify and measure causal interactions that vary over time. The Temporal Autoencoders for Causal Inference (TACI) model performed well on synthetic and real-world datasets, detecting changes in strength and direction of causal relationships.
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to overcome docetaxel resistance in advanced prostate cancer patients, which may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and prolong overall survival. The approach involves inhibiting cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis, reinducing sensitivity to the drug docetaxel.
Researchers created tiny lab-grown models of human immune systems to study immune function in cancer and predict disease treatment response. The miniature models support longer cell function, allowing processes like antibody formation to occur similar to the human body.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze data from 50 CF-LVAD patients and identified six prognostic factors that predicted post-implantation stroke. Lower levels of OxPhos proteins were associated with an increased risk of new strokes after implantation.
A review of qualitative evidence highlights men's unique experiences of the perinatal period, including anxiety, stress, and feelings of exclusion. Researchers emphasize the need for targeted support, education, and inclusion of fathers in parental information.
PanoRadar leverages radio waves and AI to enable robots to navigate challenging environments like smoke-filled buildings or foggy roads with high resolution. The system combines measurements from all rotation angles to enhance imaging resolution, creating a dense array of virtual measurement points.
Researchers developed a method to enhance compatibility and biodegradability of PLA/biomass composites through forest residue torrefaction. The composite showed improved tensile strength without compromising biodegradability, making it a more sustainable option for disposable products.
A recent study from Drexel University and Arizona State University reveals that most Fortune 100 companies offer inadequate reporting channels for phishing attacks, with only 3% of reported sites ever being blocked. The research also found that nearly 30% of reported websites were never accessed as part of an investigation.
Scientists discovered that cyanobacteria align along inner edges of illuminated surfaces to create stable structures. This collective behavior arises from individual filament movement, enabling the formation of complex structures and curves.
A cross-sectional study found a low frequency of physician disciplinary actions for spreading misinformation, despite increased salience and warnings since the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest a disconnect between regulatory guidance and enforcement, questioning the suitability of licensure regulation in combating misinformation.
Researchers have developed an immunotherapy that targets glioblastoma by turning its microenvironment against it. The treatment uses CAR T-cells with a blueprint for a molecule that blocks tumor signals, allowing macrophages and microglia to support the attack on cancer cells.
A team of researchers has discovered a previously unknown metabolic pathway involving beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a key ketone body. This finding suggests that ketones have additional roles in the body's metabolic landscape, potentially influencing appetite suppression and weight regulation under ketosis conditions.
Researchers found that cognitive performance worsened for older adults on days they felt lonelier than usual and the following day. The study suggests a vicious cycle between loneliness and cognitive decline over the short term, highlighting the importance of early intervention to prevent chronic loneliness.
A group of student researchers developed a machine learning-based approach to better understand and represent the decline in global ocean oxygen levels. Their research showed that the world's oceans have lost oxygen at a rate of about 0.7% per decade from 1970 to 2010.
A new study by Brown University researchers found that using personal care products during pregnancy is associated with higher concentrations of PFAS in blood plasma and breast milk. The study suggests that people concerned about their exposure may benefit from cutting back on these products.
A new study reveals that many older adults in low-income communities are living with undiagnosed cognitive impairments, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. The study found significant racial disparities, with African American patients being more than twice as likely to have undiagnosed MCI or dementia.
A team of Kobe University bioengineers successfully produced artepillin C in bioengineered yeast, achieving ten times the previous yield. The production process involved carefully tuning key steps along the molecular production line, and further improvements are being explored to increase efficiency.