Research by FAU Harbor Branch reveals that managing both phosphorus and nitrogen is crucial for tackling toxic cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Okeechobee. Human waste is identified as a major source of nutrients, with elevated nitrogen levels found in urbanized estuaries and the Kissimmee River.
Researchers at CNIC have identified endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition as a novel mechanism in premature atherosclerosis in progeria. The study proposes a new therapeutic target for this disease and highlights the importance of investigating rare diseases like progeria.
A DNA study by the University of Edinburgh has identified shared genetic links between dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), affecting approximately 10% of the population. The study found that specific genetic regions overlap between the two conditions, with some genes shared between them.
A retrospective analysis of over 100 women aged 65+ found that many continued to experience benefits from hormone therapy, with hot flashes being the primary reason for continued use. The study suggests that healthcare professionals should consider individual risk factors and health status when deciding on hormone therapy for older women.
A team at Medical University of South Carolina identified a pathway to reduce fat accumulation in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). They used a novel stem cell platform and screened 1,100 compounds to find five that more than halved fat droplets on treated liver cells.
Newly developed tools enable selective labeling and manipulation of synapses, advancing understanding of learning, memory, and neurological disorders. The review highlights promising molecular actuators and optogenetic approaches to unravel synaptic function mysteries.
Research published in BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care found a significant association between lower diligence levels and higher cardiovascular disease risk in people with type 2 diabetes. Adopting a healthy lifestyle remains beneficial regardless of diligence level.
New research reveals that downregulating the enzyme EGLN2 can protect motor neurons and mitigate ALS symptoms in animal models. This discovery brings hope to understanding how to slow or prevent this devastating disease.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have discovered that metformin can help deplete and eliminate viral reservoirs in people living with HIV. Metformin inhibits the mTOR molecule, slowing down HIV replication and reducing chronic inflammation.
MicroDicer and MicroGrater tools enable efficient creation of uniform organoids from tumor samples, allowing researchers to test multiple cancer therapies and improve data quality. The precision cutting tools facilitate bespoke, personalized cancer therapy by standardizing process flow and organoid sizes.
Researchers found that varied cognitive training, not repetition, primed older adults to learn a new working memory task. Participants who practiced with multiple working memory activities showed the most improvement on reading span assessments, outperforming those who rehearsed the same task for all four weeks.
A new study using SWAN data found that physical intimate partner violence accelerates working memory performance decline in midlife women. Women who experienced violence showed a statistically significant greater decline in working memory over time.
A University of Barcelona team has described new biochemistry for RNA at low temperatures, revealing unexpected novel structures that emerge below 20°C. This phenomenon is believed to be universal and common to all RNA molecules, with implications for the biochemistry and biological functions of RNA.
A novel study found that delayed feedback improves learning outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Delayed feedback may engage brain regions associated with memory retrieval and confidence, bypassing impaired pathways. The study suggests a valuable tool for improving learning in TBI individuals.
Research suggests that exposure to musk ambrette and cholinergic agonists can trigger early female puberty by activating key hormone receptors. This study highlights the importance of regulating personal care products and environmental chemicals to mitigate potential health risks.
Researchers at Umeå University found that muscles sense mechanical pressure, challenging current understanding of proprioception. The 'triple-eight' technique involves applying low pressure and releasing it to relieve muscle stiffness.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have created a world-leading structural battery that can halve the weight of laptops and make mobile phones as thin as credit cards. The battery has increased its stiffness, allowing it to be used in vehicles, increasing their driving range by up to 70 percent on a single charge.
Johannes Wahl receives EUR 1.5 million ERC Starting Grant to streamline synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds, accelerating identification of promising drug candidates and tailoring their properties. Late-stage nitrogen insertion enables better adjustment of physical and chemical properties.
Researchers uncover how Ralstonia solanacearum's type III effector RipAF1 modifies plant protein FBN1 via ADP-ribosylation, altering hormonal signaling balance and facilitating disease progression. The study offers new opportunities for developing effector-targeted approaches to control bacterial wilt.
A Danish study published in The Journal of Dental Research found that individuals with diabetes complications are at higher risk of gum disease. Periodontitis was more common among those with microvascular complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy.
Research links impaired circadian heart rate fluctuations to microvascular disease and increased long-term risk of cardiovascular mortality in people with diabetes. Disrupted daily heart rate variations are associated with a doubled risk of dying from cardiovascular causes.
A new viewpoint review explores the impact of TAAR1 genetic variations on mental health and drug development. The study suggests that rare TAAR1 mutations may contribute to psychiatric symptoms by altering brain function.
Researchers at Iowa State University have discovered a potential breakthrough in producing lab-grown blood stem cells by pausing the initial activation of inflammatory signals. This allows for the production of hundreds of functional stem cells, which could replace bone marrow transplants for blood disorders such as leukemia and anemia.
Research found that first-degree relatives and spouses of cancer patients are at higher risk of developing psychological and cardiovascular illnesses. The study used data from the Utah Population Database to compare 77,938 relatives and spouses with 81,022 controls, finding a 10% increase in psychological condition risks and a 28% incr...
A new study found that soil erosion significantly contributed to devastating desert floods in Libya, claiming over 11,300 lives. The research highlights the urgent need for advanced earth observations programs to monitor arid areas due to climate change.
Researchers observed Japanese eels escaping from the stomach of a predatory fish using an X-ray video system. The eels back their way out, inserting tail tips through the esophagus and gills before pulling their heads free.
Physicists propose a refined way to test the validity of alternative quantum models, which offer a possible explanation for quantum-classical transition. The team found big differences with previous expectations for low-energy X-ray radiation, depending on atomic species and specific collapse model.
Researchers have discovered that fibrotic scarring enables the regrowth of tumors after aggressive brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Blocking fibrosis with anti-fibrosis agents could help prevent relapse and improve therapy outcomes.
A novel PEEK-based implant material, sPEEK/BP/E7, has been developed to promote bone growth and possess potent antibacterial capabilities. The material exhibits enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenicity in vitro, outperforming traditional samples.
A research team led by Professor Monika Aidelsburger and Professor Immanuel Bloch found indications that chaotic many-body systems in the quantum realm can be described using fluctuating hydrodynamics. This approach simplifies the macroscopic description of such systems, obviating the need to engage with microscopic interactions.
A study published in JAMA reports on the eye's functioning after a whole-eye transplant, revealing normal pressure and blood flow over time. The transplanted eye has maintained some remaining structure in the retina, offering hope for future sight restoration.
Researchers developed a novel adaptive optics approach to correct dynamical aberrations in optical microscopy, enabling accurate three-dimensional flow measurements. The system reduces measurement uncertainty, paving the way to better understanding water droplet formation and detachment mechanisms for fuel cells.
Columbia University has been awarded $7.7M to establish a new exposomics coordinating center, NEXUS, which aims to organize and stimulate research on the human exposome. The center will support researchers from various disciplines in analyzing environmental exposures and corresponding biological responses.
The FDA Letter of Support recognizes the potential of αSyn-SAA to accelerate clinical trial design in Parkinson's and related disorders. This biomarker can objectively detect early biology related to these diseases, enabling research toward tailored therapies and potentially delaying or preventing disease onset.
A new study using advanced MRI techniques has discovered a functional backbone formed by robust, delay-free interactions that serve as the core of communication in the brain. Weaker connections amplify the system's potential functional states, providing flexibility.
Researchers developed a computational method called DISCOVER to break down images into semantically meaningful components that AI uses to make decisions. The technology demonstrates the interpretation of AI decisions for various medical imaging tasks, including IVF embryo analysis and Alzheimer's brain imaging.
Researchers developed a tri-culture heart-on-a-chip model of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells to mimic in vivo cardiac behavior. The study successfully replicated endothelial cell morphology and functionality, as well as cardiac function with increased contractility.
Parents who practice proper firearm handling and teach their children to shoot are more likely to store firearms unlocked and loaded, highlighting a potential association between responsible behavior and decreased risk of injury. This study underscores the importance of secure storage practices in reducing firearm-related risks.
Researchers have identified a surprising surge in thyroid and corticoid gene activity during the early larval stage of the Malabar grouper, which could help address disease management challenges in aquaculture. The study provides new insights into the complex hormone-driven processes underlying fish development and metamorphosis.
A new study published in Microorganisms highlights the importance of small molecule drugs that target the unchanging parts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The research suggests that these stable targets could provide a consistent and reliable treatment option for COVID-19, even as vaccines are updated to address changing viral strains.
Scientists propose alternative explanation for doldrums' lack of wind, attributing it to sinking air masses and clear weather conditions. The study challenges traditional textbook explanation and offers new insights into the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Researchers developed an AI model to detect lung disease in premature babies by analyzing their breathing patterns while sleeping. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model achieved 96% accuracy in classifying flow values as belonging to a patient with BPD or not, enabling early diagnosis and treatment.
A Cornell University-led collaboration has developed a machine learning model that uses cell-free molecular RNA dregs to diagnose pediatric inflammatory conditions, including Kawasaki disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. The diagnostic tool accurately determines the patient's condition while monitoring organ health.
A glitch in protein synthesis, known as stop codon readthrough, may affect tumour growth and cancer cell proliferation. The study found that preventing this process can lead to increased degradation of target proteins and a delayed cell cycle, resulting in slower tumour growth.
East Tennessee State University has been awarded $2.8 million to continue its Rural Health Equity Research Center for four more years. The center will conduct studies exploring rural health inequities, focusing on access to healthcare and behavioral health services. This funding is critical for the research and reflects the impact it h...
A comprehensive review highlights key findings on the complex relationship between genes and environment in schizophrenia risk, including polygenic risk scores and gene-environment interactions. The study emphasizes the importance of large cohorts and emerging tools to capture the full complexity of schizophrenia risk.
Researchers challenge traditional theory that warrior groups with Steppe genetic component violently replaced local population. They propose alternative scenario where groups with Steppe ancestry mixed with demographically weakened locals.
Grey reef sharks are deserting coral reefs in response to environmental stress caused by warming oceans. The study found that sharks are choosing to move into offshore waters, exacerbating declines in shark populations already threatened by exploitation.
A Singapore University of Technology and Design study identified key factors that influence a neighbourhood's walkability, including pedestrian safety, covered walkways, and opportunities for social interaction. The research aims to aid urban planners in creating people-centric built environments that promote healthier lifestyles.
A new study finds that making cytisine available immediately could lead to approximately 71,000 more people quitting smoking over one year and maintaining long-term abstinence. This would produce over 500,000 additional life-years. A delay in approval by the FDA may result in reduced population-level gains of up to 10,000 life-years.
Researchers create silver nanoparticles infused with azithromycin that effectively break down biofilms and unveil a new sensing method to assess antimicrobial activity. The novel approach offers a promising solution against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with potential applications in coating medical devices.
Researchers at Cornell University found that integrating AI into environmental control systems can reduce energy consumption in indoor agriculture by up to 25%. By optimizing lighting and climate regulation, AI helps create an energy-efficient solution for optimal plant growth, carbon dioxide levels, and ventilation requirements.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have successfully tested and proven a 50-year-old theory for the first time using electromagnetic waves. They demonstrated that twisted waves can be amplified by bouncing them off an aluminium cylinder rotating in a specific way.
A new study from King's College London found that a common antidepressant does not improve breathlessness in patients with respiratory disease and may cause side effects. The researchers call for further research into potential therapies for severe breathlessness and recommend using non-pharmacological approaches to treat the symptom.
A study found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with muscle strength exercises was the most efficacious in improving cardiovascular parameters, including waist circumference, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness. HIIT was more beneficial than moderate exercise or resistance training alone.
A four-year grant will help researchers find new clues to the interplay between Down syndrome and myeloid leukemia, focusing on enhancing antileukemic activity of chemotherapy drug cytarabine. The goal is to identify a novel treatment strategy to improve patient outcomes and prevent relapses in ML-DS patients.
Acoustic tweezers use Bessel beams to sort viruses from other particles in human saliva samples. The technology, called BEST, quickly and accurately separates viruses from large and small particles.
A University of Queensland study found that koalas are at high risk of euthanasia due to diseases like chlamydia and threats from habitat loss, with only 25% rescued and released into suitable habitat. The research analyzed over 50,000 koala sightings and hospital admissions between 1997 and 2019.
A UW study found that COVID-19 lockdowns accelerated brain maturation in adolescents, particularly in females, leading to increased anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems. The study suggests that social isolation and lack of normal stress release channels may have exacerbated these effects.
Research found that smoking before 18 significantly increases the risk of developing respiratory symptoms like wheezing and phlegm by age 28. Smoking more cigarettes overall raises the risk even further. The study highlights the importance of preventing young people from starting to smoke.