A recent study suggests that starting antiviral treatment as late as 14 days after COVID-19 infection can still provide benefits for immunocompromised patients. The research found that drugs like paxlovid and molnupiravir can inhibit virus replication, even if initiated up to 14 days after infection.
Researchers found a half-century gap between successful broods of the bigmouth buffalo, with only one successful spawn after 1971. The study highlights the importance of implementing fisheries management principles to protect this long-lived and vulnerable species.
A Mayo Clinic team developed a computational tool that analyzes the gut microbiome with at least 80% accuracy. The Gut Microbiome Wellness Index 2 identifies subtle changes in gut health, enabling proactive health indicators and potential prevention of chronic diseases.
Researchers explore key interaction sites and pathways in advanced materials for efficient ammonia capture. Functional absorbents, porous solid adsorbents and membrane materials are reviewed for their properties and potential applications.
Researchers discovered Corynebacterium matruchotii's unique cell division mechanism, enabling dense networks within dental plaque biofilms. This process allows the bacteria to explore their environment and form beneficial interactions.
Research reveals that informing tourists about climate change does not harm their experience and can encourage sustainable actions. Eighty percent of participants wanted more information on climate change to help, highlighting an opportunity for tourism operators to enhance visitor experiences while advancing climate action.
A team of international researchers has proposed a metasurface capable of efficiently modulating light polarization, achieving notable amplitude (400%) and phase (90°) variations under low-power photoexcitation. This new material enables the transient modification of optical properties in ultrafast timescales.
A study analyzing 47 fatal COVID-19 cases reveals two distinct disease pathways: one characterized by high viral load and low inflammation, the other by exacerbated lung inflammation. The findings suggest that understanding these molecular mechanisms can inform treatment decisions for critical cases.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have successfully created a Bose-Einstein condensate on a super photon using tiny nano molds. This allows for the shaping of light into a simple lattice structure, which could be used to make information exchange between multiple participants tap-proof.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation that impairs virus replication in human cells, leading to asymptomatic infections. The same mutation enhances transmission in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, allowing the virus to spread without triggering an outbreak.
Melbourne researchers have developed a breakthrough in creating lab-grown human blood stem cells, which can be used to treat childhood blood disorders. The cells closely mimic those found in the human embryo and can create specific matched blood cells for transplantation, reducing complications and addressing donor shortages.
Researchers developed a self-healing hydrogel dressing with structural color microspheres that can adhere to wounds under near-infrared irradiation. The composite microspheres promote extracellular matrix deposition, neovascularization, and efficient drug release through visual color changes.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield discovered a new sensory capability in bacteria that enables them to directly sense their chemical environment. This breakthrough could lead to innovative treatments that manipulate bacterial motility to enhance antibiotic efficacy.
A study led by Prof. Seo Byeong-Chang has discovered the working principle of proton-activated chloride (PAC) channels, which play a crucial role in protecting cells from acidification-induced damage. The research found that PI(4,5)P2 is essential for activating PAC channels, preventing cell swelling and tissue damage.
Researchers have created a unique structure that combines negative and positive stiffness materials, allowing it to absorb and reduce vibrations in various industries. The 'metastructure' exhibits quasi-zero-stiffness properties, making it effective in isolating vibrations while supporting heavy loads.
A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 studies with 1.2 million participants found that wearable technology can accurately detect conditions such as heart rate variability, blood pressure, oxygen levels, sleep quality, skin temperature, hydration, and stress levels. The study suggests that wearable activity trackers could r...
Researchers Dr. Marx and Prof. Gilon propose a novel tripartite mechanism of neural memory based on metal-centered complexes within the nECM/PNN, enabling the encoding of emotive states through biochemical interactions. This new understanding underscores the need for a more holistic approach to grasp brain function and mental processes.
A new algorithm, inspired by the nervous system's matchmaker, pairs drivers with riders in a way that maximizes everyone's happiness. The algorithm creates near-optimal pairings while preserving privacy, making it suitable for everyday applications.
Early porous coordination polymers (PCPs) exhibit a flexible 'soft' nature, allowing them to adjust their shape and hold more gas. This finding offers new insights into the evolution of PCPs and paves the way for future research and applications.
Cells produce three times as many 'unproductive' transcripts with mistakes or unexpected configurations as they do steady-state, finished RNA. These unproductive transcripts are quickly destroyed by a cellular process called nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), which suggests the cell intentionally makes mistakes to regulate gene expression....
Researchers from HKUST developed a novel magnetic actuation platform enabling the efficient production of sperm-like micro-robots, which demonstrate excellent motility and precision in targeted drug delivery. The Vortex Turbulence-Assisted Microfluidics (VTAM) platform streamlines the production process, paving the way for promising bi...
A national survey highlights huge variation in ADHD treatment for young adults, leading to a 'postcode lottery' and struggle with access. The current system fails many as they transition from children's to adult services, resulting in gaps in treatment and increased risk of mental health crises.
The review highlights LPOR's role in optimizing chlorophyll production under varying environmental conditions, including light intensity and quality. LPOR is vital in the response to abiotic stress, making it essential for breeding stress-tolerant plant varieties.
Very intensive lipid-lowering therapy significantly regresses atheroma volume at the lesion level compared to statin therapy alone. This study found greater enlargement of the minimum lumen area and more frequent transition to stable plaque phenotypes with alirocumab treatment.
Researchers at Georgia State University have developed a new approach to finding life beyond Earth by focusing on the most abundant type of star in the universe: M dwarfs. With their vast resources and potential for habitable planets, M dwarfs offer the best chance for scientists to discover life-supporting exoplanets.
The KIMM institute developed a variable-stiffness morphing wheel inspired by surface tension, allowing for real-time adjustment of stiffness to overcome obstacles. The technology has been successfully applied to mobile systems, including a two-wheeled wheelchair that can roll over rocks and stairs with stability.
A large cohort study found that false-positive mammography results lead to a significant decrease in subsequent screening rates among women. The study, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, highlights the potential unintended consequence of false positives on routine breast cancer screening participation.
LMU researchers investigated how cell nuclei change shape to migrate through tight spaces, revealing reversible nuclear deformation and adaptation of pulling and pushing forces. The study suggests a biphasic dependence of migration speed on channel width, with maximal transition rates at widths comparable to the nuclear diameter.
Researchers at WEHI have identified a promising new two-in-one treatment that targets and destroys glioma cells while strengthening the immune system to prevent future tumour growth. CAR T cell therapy, using a specific immunotherapy targeting EphA3, has shown effective elimination of glioma cells and long-lasting immunity.
Researchers at Beijing Institute of Technology developed a universal system for remote signal output control using infrared signals, enhancing the accuracy of cyborg insect locomotion control. The proposed system uses high-precision digital-to-analog converters and biphasic electrical stimulation signals to minimize muscle tissue damage.
Research shows that Global South cities have limited urban greenery, resulting in higher temperatures and increased heat-related illnesses. The study suggests vast potential for enhancing urban cooling through green spaces, particularly in slums where the risk of climate change-induced deaths is highest.
A new study reveals that risks to global water security are significantly higher when considering the environmental conditions and governability of areas where moisture evaporates before falling as rain. This approach identifies regions with high water scarcity risk, including those dependent on neighboring countries for upwind moisture.
Researchers develop novel method to probe solvation shells using resonant intermolecular Coulombic decay, revealing key findings on ion pair formation and electron binding energies. This breakthrough provides new insights into the complex nature of solvation shells, with implications for various scientific fields.
A new PAM-less genome editing system using CRISPR-SpRY has been developed to overcome limitations in traditional genome editing for soybean breeding. The SpRY protein-based system successfully targets key agronomic genes, achieving precise mutations and enhancing editing accuracy.
The Abundance Index for Workers (AIW) measures psychological wealth and well-being in the workplace. The study validates its effectiveness using data from the Tsukuba Salutogenic Occupational Cohort Study, demonstrating a more accurate assessment of worker well-being.
Researchers developed a non-volatile photonic-electronic memory chip using micro-ring resonator and integrated thin-film ferroelectric material, overcoming dual-mode operation challenge. The chip features low operating voltage, large memory window, high endurance, and multi-level storage capability.
A study of over 5,000 Australian high school students found that those with severe depressive symptoms were more than twice as likely to have tried e-cigarettes. The research highlights the urgent need for effective mental health support to prevent vaping onset during early adolescence.
A new study maps mango's genetic makeup, revealing its genomic diversity and population structure that influence key agronomic traits. The research identifies candidate genes linked to flowering, fruit weight, and aroma compounds, essential for advancing mango breeding through genomic-assisted methods.
Researchers identified rare genetic variants associated with early onset bicuspid aortic valve disease, which can lead to life-threatening complications. The study aims to enable earlier, more aggressive treatment for affected individuals.
A new study found that cognitive abilities, such as working memory and attention, are crucial for using computers, while practice alone is insufficient. The research suggests that user interfaces have become too complex, contributing to the digital divide.
A new study by UC Davis found that false-positive results can lead to women avoiding future screening, with Asian and Hispanic/Latinx women being the least likely to return. The research highlights the importance of continued screening for these groups despite a history of benign breast disease.
Aston University researcher has developed a new method of analysing crystals in dehydrated blood samples using polarisation-based image reconstruction technique. The technique showed a 90% accuracy rate for early diagnosis and classification of cancer, making it less traumatic and risky for patients.
A team of researchers has discovered a novel microRNA, miR319a, that significantly enhances poplar trees' ability to withstand salt stress. This breakthrough sheds light on how trees maintain essential ion balance under salty conditions and presents new avenues for improving salt tolerance in woody plants.
A new structure of light has been discovered that can accurately measure chirality in molecules, a property of asymmetry important in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. This 'chiral vortex' provides an accurate and robust form of measurement, allowing for the detection of chiral biomarkers.
A catheter ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation has been shown to significantly reduce AF burden and improve quality of life compared to a sham procedure. The study found that patients treated with the actual ablation had an average reduction in AF burden of 60% at 6 months, while those receiving the sham procedure saw a smaller ...
Researchers at Tohoku University's AIMR have developed a copper-based catalyst for nitrate reduction to ammonia, achieving a significant enhancement in yield and Faraday efficiency. The catalyst's performance is attributed to structural and phase changes during the electrochemical reduction process.
A novel plasmonic photocatalyst successfully degrades Cr(VI) and norfloxacin, addressing the need for efficient wastewater treatment. The Au/MIL-101(Fe)/BiOBr photocatalyst achieves high efficiency in pollutant removal, opening new avenues for environmental remediation.
A groundbreaking study published in Psychiatry Research Communications reveals a critical link between melatonin secretion and the severity of ADHD symptoms in children. Genetic variations affecting melatonin production may play a significant role in the development and exacerbation of ADHD symptoms.
Researchers from Niigata University have developed novel glass-forming liquid electrolytes with high ion conduction and efficiency. These materials offer unique advantages in terms of efficiency and application-specific adaptability, paving the way for next-generation energy storage devices.
Researchers are developing an AI policy intelligence system to help governments make reliable decisions based on scientific evidence. The system will analyze complex issues, predict outcomes, and propose optimal policies using social/economic big data and AI technology.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method to produce billions of pharmaceutically active substances using DNA-encoded chemical libraries. The new method can synthesize and test much larger drug molecules, including ring-shaped peptides, and reduces contamination in the molecular library.
The researchers have successfully demonstrated quantum entanglement between electronic and motional states in their ultrafast quantum simulator, generating a new quantum simulation method including repulsive force between particles. This achievement is expected to improve the fidelity of two-qubit gate operations and realize socially u...
In this study, researchers found that aged Treg cells exhibit decreased activity and inhibitory function, which is associated with enhanced type I IFN signaling. This leads to impaired Treg cell function contributing to the pathology of elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
A novel variant in the MYO1D gene is associated with laterality defects, congenital heart diseases, and sperm defects. The study's findings underscore the significance of genetic factors in diagnosing and managing these conditions.
A study published in JAMA found that pulmonary vein isolation resulted in a statistically significant decrease in atrial fibrillation burden at 6 months. The procedure also showed substantial improvements in symptoms and quality of life for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation.
Researchers develop femtosecond laser sheet-compressed ultrafast photography (fsLS-CUP) to capture ultrafast dynamics in flames. The technique enables simultaneous imaging of soot particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), revealing their formation and growth in flames.
Aotearoa New Zealand's ancient species include kákápó, small wrens, bats, and freshwater limpets, not kiwi or moa. The findings result from a close examination of thousands of fossil bones and 9,000 specimens from about 20 million years ago.
A new type of gel developed by MLU chemists improves the safety and service life of lithium-ion batteries. Initial lab studies show that it also enhances battery performance, remaining stable at over five volts.
New research shows that social media fact-checking warning labels are broadly effective at reducing belief in and spreading of misinformation, even among those who distrust fact-checkers. The study found that warning labels can significantly reduce false headlines' accuracy ratings and willingness to share, regardless of participants' ...
A new eight-way tomato Multiparental advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population has been developed to unlock diverse traits from wild tomato species. The population combines diverse alleles from wild and weedy tomatoes, revealing 6,488 high-quality SNPs and associations with traits such as fruit size and pigmentation.