A groundbreaking study reveals how anglerfish evolved extraordinary traits, including bioluminescent lures and large oral gapes, to exploit scarce resources in the bathypelagic zone. Despite environmental challenges, anglerfish achieved high levels of phenotypic disparity, suggesting a capacity for adaptive radiation.
A new study found that climate warming can increase the severity of bacterial infections in cold-blooded animals like corals, insects, and fish. The researchers analyzed data from 60 experimental studies and found that infected animals were more likely to die when exposed to higher temperatures.
A recent study found that Black students are 3.6 times more likely to be suspended out of school than their white peers, with even greater disparities in alternative schools. The researchers also discovered that wealthier schools with fewer free lunch recipients had the most disparate experiences.
Researchers created a biodegradable composite plastic using bacteria-friendly polymers and natural crystals, making it strong, edible and cheap to produce. The material has industrial potential and can be used to manufacture various products, including airplanes and cars.
A study of Lima's transit policies reveals that bus reform led to overcrowding, higher fares, and increased car ownership, undermining the city's environmental goals. Rail rapid transit, however, has proven effective in reducing CO2 emissions and alleviating congestion.
Researchers have discovered a series of CrxTi0.75Mo0.75V1.5−xAlC2 MAXs that exhibit unprecedented structure transitions and increased configurational entropy. The new materials show improved mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, including high Vickers hardness and low thermal conductivity.
Two Indian universities partner with University of Houston to introduce the first-ever Doctor of Nursing Practice degree, addressing healthcare shortages and enhancing nursing education. The program aims to upskill nurses with advanced clinical expertise.
A new study published in Nature Aging details the changes in muscle regeneration over time, finding that immune cells exhibit differences in abundance and reaction time between age groups. The research also identifies altered stem cell states, leading to discoordination in the process of muscle repair in older mice.
A new study reveals that children's awareness of famous computer scientists is dominated by white men, with few women and people from diverse backgrounds represented. The researchers argue that this lack of diversity limits the relevance and usefulness of computer science for underrepresented communities.
Researchers found that female locust's digging valves wear down significantly despite being used only 3-4 times in a lifetime. The study demonstrates the 'good enough' principle in evolution, where extra resources are not invested in organs with specific purposes performed adequately.
The team's achievement marks a significant advance in robotics, allowing for maneuverable robots that can perform up-close imaging and measure forces at the scale of some body's smallest structures. The new diffractive robots are tiny, measuring 5 microns to 2 microns, and can be controlled by magnetic fields to move independently.
A new commentary by Boston University School of Medicine suggests that decisions about health care structures and spaces should be made by a diverse group of stakeholders. The proposed working group includes clinicians, patient advocates, community leaders, certified healthcare architects, and non-clinical staff. This approach aims to ...
Researchers have developed an artificial adhesion system that closely mimics natural biological interactions, enabling precise control over its strength under varying forces. The innovative 'fish-hook' bond has vast potential in materials science and medicine, inspiring responsive materials and force-sensitive drug delivery systems.
A study published in Separation and Purification Technology suggests that fly ash can be repurposed for water treatment applications, offering a sustainable solution to environmental concerns. The authors review the literature on fly ash and identify its potential as a low-cost, lightweight material for crafting ceramic membranes.
A study published in the Journal of Raptor Research found that turkey vultures in southern California are still exposed to anticoagulant rodenticides, even with recent bans in place. The researchers recommend continued monitoring and adherence to legislation regarding rodenticide use.
The latest report in the State of Open Data series provides quantitative analysis on the growth of open data sharing globally. Key findings show a strong growth in papers linking to data from universities, and policies for open data sharing are now more consistent globally.
The study found that lemongrass powder significantly increased the fiber and mineral content of wheat flour-based biscuits. The powder's phytochemical extracts also boosted the biscuits' antioxidant activity. Optimal levels of lemongrass powder were determined to be 2.5% for taste, flavor, and overall acceptability.
Researchers have discovered the atomic-level interaction between nickel and CO2, enabling more efficient conversion into carbon monoxide. The study provides detailed insights into the evolving structure of active sites during the CO2 reduction reaction.
A new digital twin model for lithium-ion batteries has been developed, offering enhanced simulation accuracy and real-time monitoring capabilities. The model demonstrates exceptional performance in simulating terminal voltage and shell temperature, with minimal mean absolute errors.
A team of UCalgary researchers, led by Dr. Anthony Schryvers, has developed a new vaccine to protect cattle from hemorrhagic septicemia, a deadly bacterial disease that destroys livestock and livelihoods. The vaccine is designed with a long-lasting immune response and has been patented.
Researchers discovered that heart cockle shells have translucent areas with hair-thin strands that deliver specific wavelengths of light into the bivalves' tissues. This natural system filters out bad wavelengths and channels in optimal wavelengths for photosynthesis, benefiting the clams' symbiotic algae.
Scientists visualized the ultrafast dynamics of molecule dissociation using a new analytical method at BESSY II. The results show that lighter atom groups are ejected first, followed by heavier fragments. This process unfolds rapidly, similar to a 'molecular catapult' effect.
This special issue aims to present the latest advancements in 3D reconstruction and generation technologies, focusing on virtual/augmented reality, gaming, film production, and more. The topics cover key techniques for fostering breakthroughs and addressing critical problems within this domain.
A growing number of engineered stone countertop workers are developing silicosis, a long-term lung disease caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust. The disease can lead to respiratory failure, increased risk of infection, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A new review reveals how sleep disturbances exacerbate dementia symptoms, impacting overall health and caregiver well-being. The study emphasizes the need for holistic approaches to address coexisting conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
A new study provides a comprehensive breakdown of how water injected into the Permian Basin changes subsurface pressures and causes earthquakes. The research offers insights that oil and gas operators and regulators can use to reduce seismicity and associated hazards.
Researchers have identified the synergistic effect of He ion irradiation and molten salt corrosion on silicon carbide (SiC) materials, revealing a key mechanism for the corrosion process. The study provides essential data for safe use of SiC in MSR reactors and offers fundamental insights for developing SiC fiber-reinforced composites.
The digital age is transforming cosmetic dermatology, with technologies like AI and telehealth pushing boundaries. However, challenges arise from social media's influence on skin advice and the need for in-person exams to ensure patient safety.
The ESMO Immuno-Oncology Congress 2024 will present key findings on new therapeutic opportunities and management of treatment-related toxicities. Leading experts will share their research advancements in the rapidly evolving field of immuno-oncology.
A prestigious professorship in immunology has been established at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, continuing Sir Gustav Nossal's groundbreaking work on immune tolerance. The position aims to nurture new generations of researchers and advance understanding of immune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered that pregnancy enhances the body's natural immunity to block severe flu infection. By activating a powerful molecule in the nasal cavity, pregnant women may benefit from stronger antiviral defenses against the Influenza A virus.
A research team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg observed how sediment particles align during deposition in real-time using state-of-the-art technology. They found that clay particles adopt a certain orientation very early on, contradicting a common hypothesis about the alignment of clay particles.
A novel data-fusion-model method accurately estimates the state of health (SOH) of Li-ion battery packs based on partial charging curve. The proposed method capitalizes on charging data to track degradation trends, achieving accurate SOH estimation with maximum errors less than 1.5%.
A Northwestern University study found that gut microbes from large-brain primate species, such as humans and squirrel monkeys, can increase energy production in mice, while those from small-brain species like macaques store more energy as fat. This suggests a link between the microbiota and brain evolution.
Researchers from Bar-Ilan University have uncovered a previously unknown phenomenon that enables precise control over molecular patterns on liquid droplet surfaces. The discovery, which involves a transformation between two types of structural defects, has broad implications for technologies such as vaccine design and nanoengineering.
A middle schooler's unique sample of goose poop contained a bacterium with antibiotic activity, yielding a novel compound orfamide N that inhibits human melanoma and ovarian cancer cell growth. The discovery highlights the potential for combined educational outreach and natural product research.
The study discovered significant alterations in the region's state of stress and deformation following the 1975 Kalapana earthquake. The researchers found that Kīlauea's south flank experienced greater displacement prior to the earthquake, pointing to changes in mechanical properties influencing seismic activity.
A new technique has been demonstrated for self-assembling electronic devices, enabling faster and less expensive production. The method uses a directed metal-ligand reaction to create semiconductor materials with tunable properties.
A large multisite study found that two common antiseizure medications, lamotrigine and levetiracetam, are safe to use during pregnancy, with no statistically significant differences in cognitive and psychosocial outcomes at age 6. The study confirms these drugs offer a safe alternative to older antiseizure medications like valproate.
A study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 virus infection causes significant damage to mitochondria in infected cells, leading to an overactive renin-angiotensin-activation-system (RAAS) and associated blood clotting. This damage contributes to the multi-organ damage seen in severe COVID-19.
Researchers used Tianwen-1's occultation data to study internal gravity waves in the Martian atmosphere, finding they have small-scale vertical wavelengths and propagate almost vertically. The study provides critical insights into atmospheric dynamics on Mars, guiding global models and advancing understanding of planetary environments.
Researchers found that brief scientific literacy interventions can undermine conspiracy beliefs, particularly those built on faulty reasoning. These interventions were most effective against novel conspiracies and among high-conspiracy groups.
A new study finds that Enterococcus faecalis produces protective capsular slime when present with certain strains of pathogenic Escherichia coli, making E. coli more resistant in low-iron environments. This discovery could lead to the development of targeted therapies for specific dog and poultry infections.
A new study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine finds significant associations between suicidal behavior and externalizing behaviors, as well as violence exposure among US high school students. The study's authors suggest that stronger firearm protections are needed to protect youth health.
A sociologist suggests that anxiety disorders among teenagers rose before widespread social media use, pointing to other factors like obsession with work status, too much choice, and excessive focus on long-term planning. Modern society has developed a learned inability to live with uncertainty, according to Roland Paulsen.
A higher ratio of plant-based protein to animal-based protein may significantly lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. Consuming more plant protein overall, combined with a higher plant-to-animal protein ratio, provides the most heart health benefits.
Scientists have developed a new organoid that includes all three key cell types in the pancreas, allowing for a clearer understanding of its early development. The research discovered a new stem cell type that can develop into these cells, and found differences between human and mouse pancreatic development.
The study characterizes crisis pregnancy center services as potentially hazardous due to promotion of abortion pill reversal without FDA approval. The researchers emphasize the need for stricter regulations on provider qualifications and service provision.
Scientists conducted a 20-year study in Salonga National Park to estimate the bonobo population, finding 8,000-18,000 adult bonobos. The research highlights the effectiveness of park rangers and specific factors such as primary forest cover and cultural practices in conserving the endangered species.
Researchers have discovered a specific type of body fat linked to abnormal proteins in the brain that are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Higher levels of visceral fat were found to be associated with increased amyloid accumulation and higher PET levels of hallmark pathologic proteins.
A team of researchers discovered a novel cause of cytokine storm in fatal COVID-19 cases, linking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to the hyperinflammatory response. This finding holds potential for identifying patients at risk and developing targeted interventions.
Gaia clinched the top award after making the shortlist with five other world-class university buildings. NTU is a pioneer in sustainable building technologies, advancing the use of Mass Engineered Timber (MET) for tropical climates and inspiring a global shift toward eco-conscious building technologies.
Australian backyard chicken owners view their chooks as a blend of pet and livestock, prioritizing utility and trustworthiness. However, participants were unlikely to seek veterinary care due to cost concerns.
Researchers analyzed ground-based and satellite observations to study the impact of thermospheric composition, density, temperature, and dynamic processes on ionospheric behavior during the superstorm. Markedly different features occurred in the ionosphere between northern and southern hemispheres across American and Asian sectors.
Researchers found that certain cancer treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, can trigger damaging levels of inflammation in the heart and increase risk of heart disease. This is because these treatments interfere with immune regulation in the heart's largest blood vessels.
Sage has adopted Dimensions Author Check, a new research integrity tool, to detect unethical scholarly behavior and preserve the academic record. The tool streamlines the author verification process, providing a comprehensive view of an author's research history.
Researchers have identified a simpler and more accessible alternative to diagnosing kidney fibrosis in transplant patients: measuring vitronectin levels in urine. The study found that vitronectin levels were significantly higher in patients with fibrosis, and combining this measurement with traditional urine tests improved accuracy.
A new UN University study reveals Hurricane Helene's devastating impacts, with over 31,000 buildings affected and $12.5 billion in threatened property value. The disaster highlights the urgent need for investment in resilient infrastructure and improved land-use planning to mitigate future extreme weather events.
A new study found that changes in the gut environment influence the composition and activity of gut bacteria. The study involved swallowing a capsule with pH sensors through breakfast, revealing unique gut environments and travel times among individuals. This may help explain individual differences in digestion, nutrient uptake, and bo...
Researchers criticize the Digital Twin of Earth concept, highlighting the discrepancy between scientific models and reality. New computer models require new methods for appropriate data analysis and interpretation to ensure accurate knowledge and results.