A research team identified rhizobacteria capable of suppressing Striga infestation in sorghum, with isolates from the Pseudomonas genus demonstrating promising biocontrol potential. The study highlights the potential of using rhizobacteria as environmentally friendly bioherbicides to improve sorghum productivity in Ethiopia.
A new invention at TU Wien has created a method to dampen vibrations in precision devices such as high-performance astronomical telescopes. The technology uses electropermanent magnets, which are permanent magnets with a coil, to suppress vibrations efficiently and increase performance.
Astronomers at MIT and Penn State have discovered a new 'progenitor' of hot Jupiters, a highly eccentric planet with an orbit providing clues to its evolution. The planet, TIC 241249530 b, is expected to become a scorching hot Jupiter in about 1 billion years.
A recent study found that female surgical residents are more likely to experience obstetric complications, postpartum depression, and burnout compared to their male counterparts. The research highlights the need for improved support in family planning aspects of healthcare work.
Researchers have developed a new technique called burst sine wave electroporation (B-SWE) that can disrupt the blood-brain barrier around brain tumors without causing significant damage to healthy tissue. This method shows promise for treating aggressive brain cancers like glioblastoma, which currently have limited treatment options.
A recent study by University of California - Riverside researchers has discovered that lice are a significant threat to free-range chicken populations, causing skin lesions and disrupting healthy behaviors. The study's findings have implications for states like California, where all egg production is cage-free.
Researchers discovered that crown-of-thorns starfish larvae feed on Trichodesmium bacteria, a toxic and nutrient-poor food source. This finding may contribute to the increase in COTS populations devastating coral reefs worldwide.
A new study identified the top reasons why physicians may be reluctant to intervene in addiction, with 'institutional environment' being the most commonly reported barrier. The study highlights the need for increased organizational support, leadership buy-in, and education to improve adoption of evidence-based care.
A Texas A&M University study found that stand-biased workstations led to more standing time, reduced sitting time, and fewer discomforts compared to traditional desks. However, the benefits were not statistically significant, and energy expenditure was higher in stand-biased groups.
Climate change is predicted to decrease strawberry yields by as much as 40% due to increased temperatures. Sustainable farming practices can help mitigate this effect, ensuring a stable food supply for everyone.
Researchers create bioinspired directional structures to inhibit the wetting of molten droplets on super-melt-philic surfaces at high temperatures. The structures provide anisotropic energy barriers, hindering the movement of water and preventing wetting.
Medical debt exacerbates the mental health treatment gap among US adults, particularly those with depression and anxiety. The study highlights the need for new policies to protect against this financial barrier and ensure access to mental health care.
A study of nearly half a million women found that endometriosis was associated with a higher risk of ovarian cancer. The risk was particularly elevated among women with ovarian endometriomas or deep infiltrating endometriosis, with a 19-fold increased risk for certain types of ovarian cancer.
Researchers from Radboud University Medical Center discuss the potential of using early on-treatment circulating tumor DNA measurements as a response assessment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The detection of ctDNA at baseline and 4-weeks after treatment initiation can predict response durability to first-line ARPIs.
A new training program enables older adults to receive Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) in their homes, with high satisfaction rates and adherence. The program's remote nature is expected to increase accessibility among underrepresented populations, accelerating tES intervention discoveries.
Researchers at TU Delft developed an insect-inspired navigation strategy for tiny, lightweight robots, allowing them to return home after long trajectories while requiring minimal computation and memory. The strategy combines visual breadcrumbs and step counting to enable autonomous navigation in cluttered environments.
A study found hundreds of wild bat specimens being sold on Etsy and eBay as jewelry and decorations, threatening the painted woolly bat's conservation status. The trade's impact is exacerbated by the bats' slow life history and declining global populations.
A new study by NYU Langone Health shows that an AI tool can draft responses to patients' EHR queries as accurately as human healthcare professionals, with greater perceived empathy. The tool has the potential to dramatically reduce physicians' In Basket burden while improving their communication with patients.
A qualitative study found that palliative care is underutilized in nursing homes, despite the need for symptom management and supportive care. Researchers propose creating a best practice model and evidence-based referral criteria to address this healthcare gap.
A global assessment of scientific literature finds that nature-based solutions (NbS) are an economically effective method to mitigate risks from disasters such as floods, hurricanes, heatwaves, and landslides. NbS have been proven consistently cost-effective in mitigating hazards in 71% of the studied articles.
A breakthrough in brain-computer interfaces allows a patient to communicate using only the power of thought. The study, led by Dr. Ariel Tankus, enables individuals with paralysis to signal 'yes' and 'no' through electrical signals in their brain.
A new study found that UK adolescents consume a majority of their daily calories from ultra-processed foods, with consumption highest among deprived backgrounds and younger teens. The high intake is associated with negative health impacts, including obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have developed EV Fingerprinting, an analytical tool that can characterize extracellular vesicles with minimal sample preparation. This technique may lead to the use of liquid biopsies as a substitute for traditional biopsies for certain patients or diseases.
A neuroimaging study reveals extensive changes in brain structure among young people with conduct disorder, including a smaller cerebral cortex and lower volume in several subcortical regions. The findings suggest a link between brain structure and symptoms of conduct disorder.
Alcoholic liver disease is a major public health concern in China, influenced by cultural factors and high alcohol consumption. The disease's increasing prevalence and severe complications highlight the need for comprehensive strategies to manage and prevent ALD.
A new study found that an intervention involving automated appointment scheduling and reminder messages can increase primary care visits by 19 percentage points and improve screening tests and services. This low-cost intervention may help bridge the gap in postpartum care for individuals with chronic health conditions.
Researchers identified a viable path to developing a novel therapy that would make opioids more effective and safer as a treatment for chronic pain. The study found that selective Hsp90 inhibitors amplified the pain-relieving effects of morphine, reducing tolerance and side effects.
Researchers have developed a new method called PUMA that uses CRISPR-Cas12 nucleases to detect RNA biomarkers. This technology overcomes limitations of existing methods by reprogramming tracrRNAs to recognize specific RNA targets, enabling precise detection without requiring a specific recognition sequence.
Exposure to chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) reduced survival rates and body length in chicken embryos. SCCPs also disrupted thyroid hormone signaling pathways, leading to developmental delays. Thyroxine levels were significantly reduced, indicating potential developmental toxicity.
Researchers analyzed Cassini radar experiment data to estimate the composition and roughness of Titan's sea surfaces, revealing differences in hydrocarbon seas' surface layers dependent on latitude and location. The study found higher dielectric constants in southern Kraken Mare and detected tidal currents near coastal areas.
A new framework assesses research integrity in clinical guidelines, excluding untrustworthy studies and prioritizing transparency. The RIGID framework has been applied to several international guidelines, removing problematic studies that posed a risk to patient care.
Sub-elite female Australian football players experience different injury patterns compared to males, highlighting the need for targeted training and injury prevention strategies. Ankle sprains, concussions, and anterior cruciate ligament injuries are the most common and burdensome, resulting in the most missed matches.
A new study identifies the potential of specific microRNAs within extracellular vesicles as a noninvasive biomarker for predicting preeclampsia. Researchers found that women with pre-eclampsia had distinct miRNA patterns in their blood, which could help detect the condition early on.
A new statistical analysis by King's College London found that the current poverty line calculation leads to a skewed picture of global poverty distribution, hampering efforts to eradicate it. The study suggests that a better alternative exists, based on the UN's Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development.
A study found that over 60% of participants preferred AI decision-making over humans in redistributing earnings, despite potential discrimination concerns. However, participants were less satisfied with the fairness and accuracy of AI decisions compared to human-made choices.
A new study finds that playing Dungeons and Dragons can positively impact players' mental health by providing a space for creative expression, social support, and escapism. The game's immersive nature allows players to feel a sense of control and autonomy, leading to increased personal growth and skills development.
Researchers found that foreign direct investments and urbanization drove tree cover loss ahead of GDP growth in 40 countries. The study suggests addressing the full extent of FDI's link to deforestation by improving the entire food system.
Researchers at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine have found that electroencephalograms (ERPs) can be used to diagnose Amyotid Beta Plaques in patients with Alzheimer's disease. ERPs may provide a low-cost and non-invasive method for detecting AD pathology in-vivo.
Researchers have developed low-cost micro-sized silicon anodes from recycled photovoltaic waste using a novel electrolyte design. The new anodes exhibit remarkable electrochemical stability, maintaining an average coulombic efficiency of 99.94% after 200 cycles. This breakthrough addresses the major challenges facing micro-sized silico...
Splenic venous hypertension is a rare condition characterized by upper GI bleeding without liver disease. It arises due to increased pressure in the splenic vein, leading to gastric varices. Diagnosis involves clinical suspicion, imaging studies, and endoscopic methods.
A small comparative study found that regular 3-minute resistance exercises every half hour for 4 hours can increase sleep duration by an average of 27 minutes compared to prolonged sitting. The study suggests that evening exercise may not adversely impact sleep quality, but further research is needed.
Researchers found that small regions of the brain can momentarily 'flicker' awake while the rest of the brain remains asleep, and vice versa from wake to sleep. This challenges traditional understanding of sleep and wake patterns, which have been defined by slow, long-lasting waves.
A University of South Australia study reveals that workplace bullying against women in Pakistan is driving emotional exhaustion and job dissatisfaction. Women are disproportionately affected by verbal, emotional, social, and physical/sexual bullying, with 30% globally experiencing it.
Researchers discovered that Storm Ciaran's record-breaking low pressure led to a significant drop in the boiling point of water in southern Britain, affecting approximately 20 million people. The study found that water was boiling at just 98°C, which is 2°C lower than the ideal temperature for brewing decent tea.
A new study by SMU-led researchers found that ground surface conditions significantly impact the speed and distance of leaking natural gas, with saturated surfaces allowing gas to migrate farthest. The study also highlights the importance of considering soil surface structures when evaluating pipeline leak safety risks.
A study comprehensively evaluated occurrence patterns of immune-related adverse events, including those affecting single organs and multiple organs. Researchers found that most events tend to co-occur and identified seven patient clusters with different development patterns, which were associated with improved or worsened survival outc...
Researchers caution against relying solely on LLMs for human participants due to cross-cultural variation and limited variability in responses. While LLMs can analyze text, they struggle with implicit, emotional, or context-dependent tasks, and their black-box nature hinders reproducibility.
Researchers develop adaptive Kalman filter to enhance GNSS performance for autonomous navigation in Earth-Moon space. Simulation results show significant improvements in navigation precision, with position accuracies less than 50 meters near the Moon.
A large-scale study published in the BMJ Group found that commuters who cycle or walk to work have lower risks of mental and physical ill health compared to those who don't. Cyclists were associated with a 47% lower risk of death from any cause, while pedestrian commuters had an 11% lower risk of hospital admission for any cause.
A team of researchers from Central South University proposes a novel strategy to enhance breakdown strength and electric polarization in dielectric materials. By modulating filler orientation and polymer crystallization, they achieve ultrahigh energy density and improved voltage endurance.
A study by Durham University found that retired rugby players with multiple concussions have higher levels of proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and motor neurone disease. The research suggests monitoring athletes' blood for these biomarkers may help diagnose early disease and prevent future development.
The study uses machine learning framework to estimate global rooftop area growth, projecting a 20-52% increase by 2050. Rooftop solar power holds significant potential for emerging economies, driving sustainable development and prosperity.
A large study confirms that siblings of autistic children have a 20% chance of autism, with factors such as sex and number of autistic siblings influencing likelihood. The study also found racial and maternal education level differences in recurrence rates.
Jordan Brown, a postdoctoral research associate at UTA, received a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the NSF to analyze bird specimens from European museums and track changes in air pollution levels. His research aims to understand how industrialization affected wildlife and contribute to the study of climate change.
Researchers discuss HER2 in breast cancer, highlighting the prognostic and predictive factors. They found an independent positive prognostic effect of HER2-low compared to HER2-zero in early breast cancer, challenging the long-held view that HER2-negative tumors do not benefit from trastuzumab-based therapy.
The study establishes criteria for identifying extranodal extension on imaging, allowing radiologists to make accurate calls and provide patients with less invasive treatments. This shift towards practice change has the potential to reduce side effects and improve outcomes for patients with HPV-associated head and neck cancers.
A study on the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain found that limited waterpower resources contributed to the adoption of coal-based steam power. Waterpower was scarce in industrial regions like Manchester by 1838, prompting manufacturers to switch to coal.
A new study reveals surprising findings about mercury pollution patterns in ecosystems, where it comes from and how it moves vary significantly. Dragonfly larvae are found to be a cost-effective indicator of mercury contamination in nearly every aquatic habitat, providing valuable insights for resource management decisions.
A new model, PAG-STAN, predicts short-term origin-destination demand in urban rail transit systems with remarkable precision. The model improves interpretability and enhances training efficiency through a masked physics-guided loss function.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine used machine learning to define three subtypes of Parkinson’s disease, each with distinct driver genes and molecular mechanisms. These subtypes may suggest customized treatment strategies for patients, potentially targeting specific drugs such as metformin to slow down progression.