Researchers developed machine learning models that can recognize emotions in voice recordings as short as 1.5 seconds with high accuracy comparable to humans. The study used three ML models and achieved an accuracy of over 90%, with potential applications in therapy, interpersonal communication technology and more.
A study found that days above 32°C during the mating week caused a 2.1 million fewer lambs produced in Australia each year. If global warming increases by 1°C or 3°C, annual losses could increase to 2.5 million and 3.3 million, respectively. The research also found that heat stress can reduce lamb birthweight by 0.6-1.4kg.
A study by Yale University researchers found that Sri Lankan rainforests are losing their ability to act as carbon sinks due to climate change, with some slow-growing tree species declining in biomass over a 40-year period.
Research suggests that early-life tobacco exposure significantly increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes in adulthood, particularly for individuals with a high genetic risk. Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and smoking habits may modify this risk, emphasizing the importance of healthy lifestyle choices.
A new study finds that nearly half of America's carceral facilities are in watersheds contaminated with PFAS, putting millions at risk. The research highlights the need for better water quality monitoring and mitigation in prisons, jails, and detention centers.
The University of Eastern Finland has published a chromosomally assembled reference genome for the European brown hare, consisting of 2.9 billion base pairs and 30,833 genes. This represents a significant breakthrough in genomic research for Finnish species.
Researchers developed a unique microfluidics-based diagnostic system that combines optical tweezers with stimulated Raman spectroscopy to enable fast and accurate diagnosis of leukemia. The device can identify cancer cells based on their metabolic activities and metabolites, providing tailored treatment options.
A study published in Nature found that the response to hematopoietic insults differs across the skeleton, with certain bones specialized to respond to specific stresses. The research uses confocal imaging microscopy to count different cell types and provides new insights into blood cell production, potentially leading to improved treat...
A recent study by the University of Cambridge found that farmed salmon production leads to a loss of essential nutrients. Consuming one-third of current food-grade wild feed fish directly could maximize nutrients from the sea. This approach could help address global nutrient deficiencies and improve both diets and ocean sustainability.
Topological solitons are created in a robotic metamaterial and move through the chain without needing 'reset' thanks to non-reciprocal interactions. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in robotics, sensing, and communication.
A recent study reveals that non-native ant species have profoundly altered the historical distributions of ant species, reshaping global ecosystems. The study found that just 2% of ant movements are sufficient to erode established borders and redraw the distribution map for this diverse array of insects.
The Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC) 2024 will feature cutting-edge tech demonstrations, including quantum technology advancements, 800ZR and Coherent PON. Industry leaders will discuss the latest in optical technology, with a focus on innovation and connectivity.
Researchers found that crawfish can accumulate high levels of toxic lithium in their bodies, which can be passed to humans through the food chain. The study highlights the potential risks of lithium contamination in the environment and emphasizes the need for responsible disposal practices.
Researchers have developed an all-optical device on a tiny photonic chip that generates high-quality, ultra-low-noise microwave signals using a single laser. The compact device has the lowest microwave noise ever observed in an integrated photonics platform.
Astronomers have found a second-generation star in the Large Magellanic Cloud that formed in a different galaxy, offering clues about how elements were enriched in the universe. This discovery provides new hints about the early element-forming process and suggests that conditions may not be the same across all galaxies.
ZmCPK39 regulates plant height by interacting with auxin signaling, while ZmKnox2 modulates plant growth through its interaction with calcium-dependent protein kinase, leading to dwarf or semi-dwarf varieties using genome editing technology.
A new type of actuator uses springs and clutches to accomplish dynamic movements with a fraction of the energy used by traditional electric motors. The device has been tested in various motion tests and has shown significant power reduction, making it suitable for robots that need to perform complex tasks.
Researchers found evidence of cooking and stone tools at Toba site, suggesting archery origins. Early humans adapted to arid intervals along 'blue highways,' migrating outward in search of food.
Research finds companies prioritize price and self-disclosures over third-party verified sustainability claims, raising questions about greenwashing. Buyers value disclosed information and its update frequency, but are not willing to pay premium for reliability.
Research reveals that FoxO6 upregulates ApoC3, leading to increased lipid accumulation and liver damage in aged rats on a high-fat diet. The study suggests that targeting this pathway may offer therapeutic strategies against hepatic steatosis.
A study by Washington State University researchers found that people living outside urban areas and those of Native American and Hispanic descent face longer travel distances to see neurologists. This can result in delayed diagnoses, higher costs, and reduced quality of life for dementia patients.
A study published in Economic Inquiry found that U.S. party affiliation significantly impacts consumer sentiment, which in turn affects spending intentions. The analysis shows that consumers' attitudes towards personal and national economic conditions change after elections based on their party affiliation.
Scientists designed a series of sub-10 nm core-shell nanocatalysts with an Au core and Au <sub> x </sub> Ir <sub> 1-x </sub> alloy shell to enhance water-splitting performance. The optimal ratio of IrO <sub> x </sub> combined with a suitable <em>d</em>-band center yields the best OER activity.
Researchers have discovered that baboons are opportunistic foragers, eating antelope faeces when food is scarce. Camera collars provided an unprecedented view of their interactions with unhabituated wildlife like banded mongooses and impala.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory and University of North Carolina Chapel Hill develop a room-temperature conversion reaction strategy to convert carbon dioxide into methanol. The process employs a recyclable organic reagent and sunlight, producing an easily storable and transportable liquid fuel.
Researchers developed a simple, cost-effective method to modify separator membranes in lithium metal batteries, suppressing dendrite formation and improving battery longevity. The study aims to scale up this approach for industrial usage and investigate challenges at high current densities.
Women with selected rheumatic diseases experience a higher prevalence of childlessness, while risks for pre-eclampsia, low birth weight, and preterm delivery are increased for many conditions. Men with rheumatic conditions also face a higher risk of childlessness, although the impact on fertility varies among different diseases.
A study discovers that traditional Chinese ice-ray lattice designs can provide unique stiffness and strength under asymmetric loads, offering an alternative to conventional gridshells. The research also explores the potential of integrating complex geometry into facade design and micro-scale material design.
Researchers found that metformin treatment does not have a positive effect on the brain development of offspring mice. The study suggests that the maternal metabolic state is crucial in determining the impact of metformin on the child's health.
Researchers have created a method to make fully recyclable polymers from plant cellulose, which can replace some plastics and reduce plastic pollution. The new polymers have various structures that offer different applications, including high-performance materials for optical, electronic, and biomedical uses.
The study highlights the emergence and spread of harmful pathogens due to climate change. The medical community must update their education and training to combat global warming and its impact on disease behavior.
A study of 1,156 individuals aged 50+ found that those with more musculoskeletal pain complaints tended to retire earlier than pain-free participants. Chronic pain was also linked to a higher risk of ceasing work sooner, even after controlling for other factors.
Researchers discovered that twin stars differ in composition due to one star devouring planets or planetary material. The study used high-precision analysis and found the phenomenon in about eight percent of 91 pairs of twin stars, shedding light on planet evolution theorists.
A modelling study suggests mass timber can significantly reduce carbon emissions in high-rise US buildings by replacing traditional materials like concrete and steel. The study's findings have significant implications for the construction industry and could pave the way for more sustainable building practices.
Artificial intelligence has been developed to spot COVID-19 features in lung ultrasound images, combining computer-generated images with real scans to identify signs of disease. The tool holds potential for developing wearables that track illnesses like congestive heart failure and monitor fluid buildup in patients' lungs.
Researchers discover that methane sulphonic acid (MSA) hydrolysis can produce higher yields of xylose and activated carbon from hemp seed hulls compared to traditional methods. The use of MSA also leads to the formation of high surface area activated carbon with improved delignification properties.
A comprehensive survey published in Intelligent Computing explores deep learning techniques for cellular traffic prediction, enhancing intelligent 5G network construction and resource management. The review highlights three main applications of cellular traffic prediction, including temporal and spatial-temporal prediction methods.
Researchers found that young breast cancer patients who received a low-dose radiotherapy boost had a lower risk of local recurrence after 10 years, with only 4.4% experiencing recurrence. In contrast, high-dose boosts resulted in fewer recurrences but also more severe fibrosis and cosmetic issues.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University have mapped the cellular architecture of MS lesions using advanced methodology. This reveals how immune cells and glial cells interact in the disease.
A Scripps Research team found that inhibiting stress neurons may decrease alcohol consumption in comorbid cases of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder. However, this approach did not mitigate anxiety. The study suggests that CRF plays a role in alcohol use among those with comorbid PTSD and AUD.
Researchers discovered that 19 amino acids essential to life on Earth can persist for up to four weeks in concentrated sulfuric acid, which is similar to the concentrations found in Venus' clouds. This finding suggests that the clouds of Venus could support complex chemicals needed for life.
A team of citizen scientists, including local students, discovered a new beetle species in the Ulu Temburong forest. The newly described Clavicornaltica mataikanensis is one of the largest known relatives among its tiny flea beetle cousins, highlighting the need for further research on their ecology and diversity.
Researchers have developed a nickel-modified In2O3 catalyst that exhibits high CO2 conversion rates and methanol selectivity. The catalyst's oxygen vacancies promote H2 activation, leading to higher productivity. DFT calculations suggest the optimal surface Ni content for balanced CO2 reactivity and methanol formation.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health finds that prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication topiramate does not increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among children. In contrast, valproate has been linked to a heightened risk of ASD.
A new RAND report emphasizes the importance of collaboration and effective planning in achieving interoperability between 988 and 911 emergency telephone systems. The report found that local champions can aid efforts by establishing priorities, convening stakeholders, and brokering difficult conversations.
Researchers found obese individuals exhibit distinct walking patterns, characterized by shorter strides and modified ankle muscle activation. This study suggests these differences may increase the risk of falls and musculoskeletal disorders.
Excavations at La Marmotta, Italy, uncovered five Neolithic canoes dating between 5700-5100BC, featuring advanced construction techniques. The discovery provides invaluable insights into early navigation and the technological sophistication of ancient communities.
Researchers have developed a vascularized organoid model (VOM) that accurately replicates the actual vasculature and environment of gastric cancer, enabling patient-specific predictions of response to anticancer drugs. The VOM demonstrates high cell viability rates and similarity to actual gastric cancer conditions.
Researchers at Purdue University are developing patent-pending smart soft contact lenses that can continuously monitor or treat chronic ocular diseases like glaucoma, corneal neovascularization and dry eye syndromes. The $6.7 million funding from the National Eye Institute will be used to refine the lenses and conduct clinical trials.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people who have an influenza infection are more likely to need medical care for neurologic disorders within the next year compared to those with a COVID-19 infection. After adjusting for other factors, researchers found significant differences in the risk of receiving care for common neu...
Researchers are developing nonmetallic quantum dots to identify and separate pollutants from water, including pesticides, surfactants, metal ions, antibiotics, and dyes. The dots can also be used to break down pollutants and help treat oil spills.
A recent study analyzed data from multiple social media platforms over three decades, finding that toxic interactions are a persistent aspect of online discussions. The study suggests user resilience to negativity and highlights the importance of understanding human behavior in digital environments.
A multi-institutional team is creating innovative technologies to reduce complications associated with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), including infection, thrombosis, stroke, and bleeding. The new LVAD will deliver a physiological response to changes in the recipient's activity levels using a 'smart' Maglev drive technology.
The KAUST team developed an open-source platform to detect small DNA differences, revealing over 2 million previously overlooked genetic variants in rice and other crops. This tool will accelerate the discovery of genetic variations for developing crops with improved resilience and yield.
A study by Prof. Xu YUE from Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology found a causal relationship between remote extreme heat and the 2023 Canadian wildfires. The research revealed a significant correlation between high temperatures and fire intensity, with anomalies in maximum temperatures preceding severe wildfire events.
The NHS requires an immediate cash injection of £8.5bn a year over four years to address the current crisis, particularly in areas such as waiting times, primary care, workforce, and capital investment. Experts recommend key priorities for extra funds, including sustainable reduction of elective, mental health, and cancer waiting times...
A study published in PLOS ONE found that fear specifically provokes different types of time-bound decision making for women versus men. Women experiencing fear tended to prioritize smaller short-term gains compared to men, while men's decisions appeared unaffected by their emotional state.
Researchers have developed a new dural repair solution using a multi-functional biomaterial that addresses key limitations of current methods. The 'Dural Tough Adhesive' (DTA) performed better than currently used surgical sealants in tests using animal models and human-derived tissues.
A new study by Mayo Clinic finds that socially isolated individuals show signs of biological aging and have a higher risk of death. The research suggests that social connection plays a crucial role in overall physical health and longevity.
A new open-top light-sheet microscope with swept illumination enhances the technique for nondestructive 3D pathology. The improved design quadruples the field of view and doubles optical sectioning ability, making it suitable for analyzing complex tissue structures.