Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have developed a novel method to create grafts that accurately replicate the human ear's anatomy and biomechanical properties. The new technique uses 3D printing and tissue engineering to produce cartilage-containing structures that mimic the ear's shape, flexibility, and elasticity.
Researchers discover a critical protein complex called 55LCC that regulates protein stability during DNA replication, advancing understanding of genetic diseases and potential treatments for neurologic disorders. The study's findings suggest 55LCC plays a crucial role in ensuring smooth DNA replication progress.
A Canadian-led study has identified genes that may be partially responsible for the development of cerebral palsy. The research found that over 11% of children with CP have a genetic variant or likely genetic variant, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified mutations in the ARID1A gene that drive follicular lymphoma transformation into a more aggressive form. These mutations make patients highly susceptible to experimental BAF-inhibitor drugs, offering new hope for early intervention therapies.
GaN-based VCSELs have potential applications in adaptive headlights, retinal scanning displays, and high-speed visible light communication systems due to their high efficiency and low fabrication cost. The new method for precise cavity length control enables highly controlled fabrication of VCSELs with aperture sizes ranging from 5 to ...
A new study has found that replacing sugar with artificial and natural sweeteners in foods does not make people hungrier, but may help reduce blood sugar levels. The trial involved 53 adult men and women with overweight or obesity and found no differences in appetite or endocrine responses compared to sugar.
A study found that children and adolescents with obesity are at a significantly higher risk of developing multiple sclerosis, with the risk being more than two-fold. The study also suggests that the persistent low-grade inflammatory state associated with obesity may be mediating this association.
Researchers from USF have made significant findings on the genetic basis of disease, using a joint genome-wide association study to track co-evolution between Tasmanian devils and an infectious cancer. The study provides valuable insights that can inform epidemiological models and devil management strategies.
Researchers from Rutgers University have developed an oral COVID-19 treatment that inhibits disease progression in animals, paving the way for human trials. The treatment, dubbed Jun12682, interferes with viral papain-like protease and shows promise as a potential replacement for Paxlovid.
Tohoku University researchers created a reliable means of predicting the performance of molecular metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts. Their breakthrough uses pH-field coupled microkinetic modeling to evaluate charge transfer at the Fe-site, identifying suitable surrounding functional groups for oxygen reduction reactions.
A recent White Paper published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology analyzes the current understanding of genetics in atrial fibrillation and recommends screening for genetic heart disease in early onset AF cases. This may lead to identification of life-threatening ventricular cardiomyopathy and channelopathy syndromes, highlighting t...
The study found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased median overall survival to 37 months and progression-free survival to 26 months. 57.2% of patients showed an objective response, with nearly one-fourth experiencing lymph-node pathologic complete response.
Researchers developed a novel statistical approach to accurately estimate RNA decay rates, finding that bacterial RNAs have significantly shorter half-lives than previously thought. This discovery has implications for understanding gene expression and protein production in bacteria.
A team at DGIST has developed an 'Inorganic-Organic Thermoelectric Composite' that promises competitive pricing while addressing efficiency and flexibility challenges in thermoelectric technology. The breakthrough is expected to revolutionize traditional industries and pave the way for advancements in new sectors.
A study published in Nature Genetics reveals early cell changes in healthy carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, suggesting a potential target for breast cancer prevention. The researchers created the world's largest catalogue of human breast cells, which may lead to the use of existing immunotherapy drugs as an early intervention.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that hospitals accredited by the National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC) demonstrate significantly better outcomes for patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. These institutions show lower rates of mortality, complications, and morbidity comp...
Researchers found that trying to stifle boredom prolongs its effects and that alternating boring and meaningful tasks helps prevent the negative impact on productivity. Boredom serves an important purpose, signaling the need for change, but ignoring it can lead to decreased productivity.
A team of researchers from Kyushu University has developed a novel iridium-based compound that can efficiently store electrons from hydrogen in a solid state. The stored electrons can be extracted and used to catalyze useful chemical reactions, such as cyclopropanation, with significant advantages over conventional techniques.
Scientists create high-throughput automation to calculate surface properties of crystalline materials using established laws of physics. This accelerates the search for relevant materials for applications in energy conversion, production, and storage.
A nationwide study finds that individuals diagnosed with colon cancer who resided in previously redlined neighborhoods are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and have worse survival rates. The research highlights the long-lasting impact of institutional racism on access to quality cancer care.
Researchers developed a single-assay approach using exome sequencing data to detect large-scale pathogenic mutations, detecting 91 previously undetectable mutations. This shift could enable earlier diagnoses and save the NHS vital resources.
Researchers at DGIST developed a device that converts frictional force into electrical energy, removing surface contamination on solar cells. The technology enhances solar power generation efficiency by up to 90% and eliminates the need for manual cleaning.
A new study suggests that anxiety and depression in younger women may accelerate the development of cardiovascular risk factors, putting them at nearly par with men of the same age. The researchers found that these mental health conditions were associated with a much higher relative risk among young women than seen in other groups.
The Colorado River's water is mostly consumed by agriculture, with over 70% used for irrigation and 32% for cattle feed crops. The river's water budget reveals the need for significant reductions in water use to avoid future shortages.
Researchers at UVA Health discovered a potential explanation for long COVID symptoms by identifying 'abzymes' that act like enzymes regulating important bodily functions. This discovery could lead to new treatments targeting these rogue antibodies to alleviate acute effects of COVID-19 and its complications.
Researchers found that synbiotics, a combination of prebiotics and paraprobiotics, improved the gut microbiome of Magellanic penguins, reducing inflammation and enhancing overall health. The study also revealed that parasynbiotics can modulate inflammatory responses in penguins.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found no increased health risks for mothers or children with weight gain below recommended guidelines for women with obesity classes 1 and 2. In contrast, weight loss was associated with reduced risk of adverse outcomes in women with class 3 obesity.
A study by UPF found that six-month-old babies can predict the actions of people who speak their native language, but not those who speak an unfamiliar language. This suggests that infants' ability to predict others' behavior is linked to the language they speak and may be influenced by social factors.
Researchers found that Albert's Lyrebirds synchronize their footwork with the beat of their song and manipulate the environment by shaking thorny vines to create a choreographed courtship display. This behavior is thought to enhance the male's display, making him appear bigger and more vigorous.
Researchers found that social status is reflected in epigenetic signatures, including DNA methylation patterns, in juvenile and adult free-ranging spotted hyenas. These patterns are linked to important physiological processes such as energy conversion and immune response.
Researchers at DGIST created a three-terminal neuromorphic device that stores multiple data levels like neurons, achieving high efficiency and speed. The device responds 10,000 times faster than human synapses and consumes very little energy.
A new study by North Carolina State University found that smart utility meters can improve energy efficiency in manufacturing, but only if managers actively use the technology. The research used event system theory to understand the impact of proactive changes on business outcomes.
A clinical trial from Keck Medicine of USC will investigate the feasibility of treating non-small cell lung cancer with immunotherapy provided at home. The study aims to enroll 37 patients and examine the safety, efficacy, and patient compliance with at-home treatment.
The American Physical Society's 2024 April meeting will feature approximately 1,700 presentations on various physics topics. The scientific program includes a public lecture on detecting gravitational waves with LISA and a special symposium on big questions for the next decade.
A recent study by MIT scholars reveals that widely disseminated school quality ratings are heavily dependent on the preparation and family background of their students. The study finds that many schools with low ratings perform better than expected, and conventional ratings are highly correlated with race.
A new water quality analysis technique can detect organic chemicals in rivers and lakes, identifying their source and predicting their impact. This method uses high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze water samples within an hour, providing a comprehensive overview of all organic molecules present.
A recent study found that eating fortified eggs had no adverse effect on blood cholesterol levels and may even have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Subgroup analyses revealed potential benefits among older adults and those with diabetes.
A new study by Abebe Fromsa and colleagues found that the BCG vaccine reduces disease transmission by 89%, with consistent vaccination likely bringing the disease under control within a few decades. The results suggest that BCG vaccination could be used to substantially eliminate bovine tuberculosis in the Ethiopian dairy sector.
Researchers at HKUST developed biomimetic olfactory chips with up to 10,000 individually addressable gas sensors per chip, achieving exceptional sensitivity and distinguishability for mixed gases. These chips have potential applications in industries, security patrols, and rescue operations, and may one day be used to detect diseases b...
A recent study analyzing English-language songs from 1980-2020 found that lyrics have become simpler and more repetitive over time. The use of emotionally positive and negative words increased in certain genres, while anger-related words became more common across all styles.
Studies at the University of Gothenburg found a clear shift in arterial disease risks in diabetes, with decreases in central organ diseases like heart attack and stroke, but increases in peripheral vessel complications. Closer monitoring of long-term blood sugar levels can reduce peripheral arterial disease risk by 30-50%.
Researchers have developed a sensor that uses metal-organic framework to detect volatile organic compounds, which are widely present in the environment and cause pollution. The sensors can be easily produced at low cost and perform well even in high-humidity environments.
A new study finds that BCG vaccination reduces TB transmission in cattle by almost 90%. Vaccinated cows also develop significantly fewer visible signs of TB than unvaccinated ones. The vaccine has the potential to control bovine tuberculosis and put herds on a pathway towards elimination.
Researchers successfully transmitted familial Alzheimer's disease to normal lab mice through bone marrow stem cell transplant. The recipients developed cognitive decline and amyloid buildup at an accelerated rate, highlighting the systemic nature of Alzheimer's disease.
A new study by Stanford researchers finds that factory and warehouse rooftops can host solar resources to fill the solar equity gap in disadvantaged communities. Non-residential rooftops generate 38% less electricity in poorer areas than wealthier ones, but have large unused capacity to produce solar power.
Recent research connects biological domestication to early food globalization, proposing a new conceptual framework that challenges traditional narratives. Archaeological investigations have shown that plant and animal domestication entailed a more gradual transition spanning thousands of years across extensive geographies.
The researchers identified a cluster of two genes in barley for gramine biosynthesis, revealing that AMIS is an oxidase enzyme responsible for the formation of gramine. This discovery enables the production of biologically active alkaloids using only two genes, opening doors to practical applications.
Researchers found that probiotics in kombucha tea alter fat metabolism in worms, leading to reduced fat stores and lower triglyceride levels. This study suggests possible health benefits of kombucha for humans and informs potential use in complementary healthcare approaches.
Researchers discovered compounds with untapped therapeutic potential for treating BPH, melanogenesis, and nerve damage. Metformin restored sex hormone homeostasis, epimedin B stimulated pigmentation function, and hydralazine suppressed ferroptosis to aid in axon regeneration.
The Rice Emerging Scholars Program will expand its reach and impact with increased support for scholars from under-resourced families and communities. The program aims to empower students from low-income backgrounds to achieve their academic and professional aspirations in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Scientists have created a new class of therapies targeting the accumulation of pathological tau protein in brain diseases. The treatment, called DEPTAC, uses chimeras to specifically dephosphorylate tau, reducing neurodegeneration and improving memory deficits.
Researchers developed a vaccine that significantly reduces TB transmission in cattle by almost 90%, improving prospects for disease elimination. The study's findings suggest that vaccinating calves could reduce the burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries.
A study published in JAMA analyzed industry payments to US physicians, finding that over half received at least one payment and 94% were associated with marketed medical products. Orthopedic surgeons received the most payments, while pediatric surgeons received the fewest.
Researchers from Rutgers Health have developed new technologies that can improve diagnosis and treatment of valvular heart disease, including AI-powered detection of infrasonic heart murmurs and wearable devices that monitor disease progression. The goal is to extend the quality of life for patients with this condition.
Ferumoxytol, a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, has significantly reshaped CE-MRI practices due to its excellent safety profile and higher relaxivity rates. Its clinical applications span various fields, including cardiovascular systems, tumors, inflammation, and cell transplantation evaluation.
Kessler Foundation has received two grants to improve cognitive assessment for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and pilot-test a nationwide personal assistance services survey. The grants will support innovative research, including a hands-free eye-tracker-based cognitive assessment and a survey to assess the impact of perso...
A new study finds landfill point source emissions have an outsized impact and opportunity to tackle US waste methane. Landfills are responsible for 14.3% of US methane emissions, emitting the equivalent of nearly 23 million gasoline-powered vehicles per year.
Researchers analyzed skeletal remains from a burial ground dating from the period 500-400 BCE, revealing signs of material poverty and interpersonal violence. The study found that 80% of adults and adolescents died from inflicted traumatic injuries, with some displaying both perimortem and antemortem trauma.
Researchers develop a new method to efficiently capture and isolate HIV particles using nanofibrils and magnetic beads. This innovation improves the sensitivity of existing diagnostic tools, enabling better monitoring of viral infections and resistance.
A new photocatalyst developed by DGIST's In Su-il research team converts carbon dioxide into useful fuel more efficiently than existing TiO2 catalysts. The technology has the potential to be applied to Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technology, offering a promising solution to reduce global warming.