Researchers created a prototype of 'living bioelectronics', combining bacteria, sensors, and gel to integrate with living tissue. The device reduced inflammation and improved psoriasis-like symptoms in mice, offering potential for treating various skin conditions and injuries.
A study published in Andrology found that testosterone therapy significantly improves body composition in transgender men, with no long-term side effects. Researchers also discovered that higher doses of testosterone may lead to faster results.
The EU ETS's credibility plays a crucial role in its effectiveness. Reforms strengthened the system's long-term credibility, allowing firms to align their market behavior with climate targets. This led to increased carbon prices, signaling high policy credibility and farsighted actors.
Researchers developed a high-performance material with photocatalytic properties to improve the efficiency of fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes. The material exhibits high stability, excellent washing properties, and resistance to mechanical shock, making it suitable for mass production.
Researchers at George Mason University used artificial intelligence to analyze data from over 3.6 million patients and create personalized antidepressant recommendations. The free website MeAgainMeds.com provides evidence-based guidance for clinicians and patients, enabling faster symptom relief and reduced medication trial time.
Researchers used C. elegans to investigate the underlying mechanisms of embryonal exposure to addictive doses of amphetamine, discovering epigenetic modifications that alter gene and protein expression. This leads to increased susceptibility to amphetamine-induced behaviors in adult animals.
A new study conducted with Washington, DC residents who experienced homelessness during pregnancy found that structural inequities exacerbate health outcomes. The study emphasizes the importance of stable housing early in pregnancy to improve health outcomes for birthing people and infants.
Despite efforts to cut ties with the tobacco industry, top medical journals continue to publish research funded by tobacco companies. The BMJ has updated its tobacco policy to exclude research funded by the industry and authors with personal financial ties to it.
Patients with Parkinson's disease exhibiting sympathetic denervation in major salivary glands and the heart tend to have more advanced non-motor symptoms as they age. Autonomic nerve dysfunction may progress independently of nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration, suggesting a potential contribution of age to PD progression.
Researchers develop a new photopatterning technique to create dual-mode films with polarization and structural patterns, enabling secure authentication and potential applications in high-level security.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that negating adjectives affects brain processing, with slower reaction times and varied interpretations. The researchers used magnetoencephalography to capture brain activity while participants rated affirmative or negated phrases.
This study investigates the association of mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) with cirrhosis risk and finds that individuals with copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity mCAs have a significantly increased risk of cirrhosis. The risk is higher in patients with expanded cell fractions of mCAs, especially for decompensated cirrhosis.
Simulations reveal that dense molecular clouds can give birth to very massive stars that evolve into intermediate-mass black holes. The study provides new insights into the potential mechanisms of intermediate-mass black hole formation, which could have significant implications for our understanding of these enigmatic objects.
The study reveals that D-amino acids are present in the body tissues of polychaetes, with varying composition depending on species. High concentrations of D-lactate were also detected, particularly during reproductive periods, suggesting its involvement in adaptation to low-salinity environments and reproductive activities.
Wake Forest University School of Medicine has received a $1.5 million grant to study bone microarchitecture in patients following bariatric surgery. The researchers will use high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) imaging to assess bone loss and muscle changes after weight-loss surgery.
Ancient rodent middens offer critical archives of the last 50,000 years, preserving plants, insects, bones and other specimens. Researchers are calling for improved preservation, new research and field studies to understand how populations responded to past climate change.
During its flyby, the Lucy spacecraft discovered a trough and ridge structure on Dinkinesh, revealing a complex history of sudden breakups and transformation. The asteroid's internal strength and dynamic evolution were also revealed, suggesting that it has significant cohesion, unlike some other asteroids.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery reports that nerve decompression surgery effectively reduces monthly migraine days and improves other headache outcomes, including frequency and intensity of attacks. The findings provide strong evidence in support of headache surgery efficacy.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that a 'Goldilocks' binding strength between T-cell receptors and cancer proteins determines anti-cancer T-cell efficacy. The optimal middle-ground binding strength creates cancer-killing effector cells, while too little or too much stimulation leads to exhaustion.
A recent study by Drexel University found that New Jersey's cash bail reform law successfully reduced the state's jail population without increasing gun violence. The research team analyzed data from 36 states and controlled for factors such as gun law restrictions, rates of gun ownership, and state senate majority partisanship.
A WPI researcher has received a CAREER Award to develop new technologies to monitor and protect computer chips from malicious attacks. The project aims to create better metrics to verify the integrity of components and advance understanding of side-channel attacks.
A study from the University of Notre Dame identifies fibrinolytic deficiencies as a key factor increasing risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and sepsis in catheterized patients. The research suggests that antifibrinolytic medications may be linked to this increased risk.
A study found that COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized within the first 30 days after infection face a 29% higher risk of death in the third year compared to those not infected. Even people with mild COVID-19 experienced new health problems related to the infection three years later.
A team from the University of Bristol has made a significant discovery at Lavernock Point, revealing early Welsh dinosaurs lived on a tropical lowland beside the sea. The fossils found include those of placodonts, coelacanths, and dinosaur remains, providing insights into the evolutionary history of these species.
Researchers at Virginia Tech developed a visual tool to assess the rewarding properties of foods, using images of minimally and ultra-processed foods matched across 26 characteristics. The study aims to provide better tools for measuring the effects of ultra-processed foods on health outcomes.
The Royal Statistical Society has published new recommendations to improve the evaluation of diagnostic tests, including guidelines on study design, regulation, and transparency. The report aims to prevent future issues with diagnostic test evaluations, particularly those related to infectious diseases.
A new study by MIT Sloan researchers found that misleading content from mainstream sources, rather than outright misinformation, was the primary driver of vaccine hesitancy on Facebook. This type of content was seen much more widely and generated more skepticism about COVID-19 vaccines.
Researchers have developed a compact, high-fidelity version of the Cas12a protein, which can be packaged within a non-pathogenic virus for targeted gene editing. The modified protein demonstrates efficient editing activity and has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol levels in mice with high cholesterol.
Researchers at University of Turku have discovered a novel RNA that controls the development and function of regulatory T cells. This finding may enable the development of precision medicine treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer.
A new study by the Colorado School of Public Health found that high ICU occupancy levels during COVID-19 patients' stays contributed to increased mortality rates. The research highlights the critical need for tools to anticipate surges and effective resource management in healthcare systems.
Researchers Dr. Samson Zhou and Dr. David P. Woodruff aim to create secure algorithms for big data models using mathematical connections and cryptography ideas. They focus on streaming models, which process data in real-time, and address challenges such as randomness and different types of attacks.
A new model predicts global patterns of organic decomposition in rivers, revealing rapid decomposition across areas dominated by human activities. The study highlights the importance of understanding these processes to improve carbon models and inform environmental change scenarios.
A Korea University study reveals that gastrectomy decreases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with gastric cancer. The research analyzed data from 2004 to 2013 and found a significantly lowered risk of cardiovascular disease in those who underwent gastrectomy.
Researchers captured a volcanic event on Io using the Large Binocular Telescope's SHARK-VIS instrument, achieving higher resolution than ever before with Earth-based observations. The images reveal surface details equivalent to taking a picture of a dime-sized object from 100 miles away.
A team of researchers from Rice University and the University of Michigan found that some neurons not only replay recent past experiences but also anticipate future experience during sleep. The discovery provides an unprecedented view of how individual neurons in the hippocampus stabilize and tune spatial representations during periods...
A mouse study found that heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) differs between male and female mice, with females exhibiting altered heart filament proteins and males showing slowed calcium removal. This may lead to different treatment strategies for women compared to men with HFpEF.
A new study found that almost two-thirds of prescribed tricyclic antidepressants were above the safe dosage threshold, with Black patients more likely to receive these high-dose medications. The research highlights the need for routine evaluation of drug efficacy in clinical care environments.
A 6-centimeter-wide fossil of a large cat species, Homotherium, was discovered on the Texas coast. The fossil provided key evidence for the cat's expansion across habitats in Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas.
Researchers identified a global climate indicator, Indian Ocean basin-wide index, that can improve predictions of dengue outbreaks several months in advance. This could facilitate efforts to tackle the rising infection threatening half the world's population.
A Stanford Medicine study found that inherited gene sequences predict breast cancer type and mortality. The research challenges the dogma of random mutations, instead highlighting the role of germline genome factors in tumor development.
A new study shows how the brain processes phrases with negation, revealing that it mitigates rather than inverts meaning. Researchers found participants took longer to interpret negated phrases, initially perceiving them as more extreme, but later shifting to a nuanced understanding.
A new study presented at SLEEP 2024 conference found that better sleep health is associated with lower levels of loneliness. The association was strongest among younger adults, suggesting that improving sleep could have a beneficial effect on loneliness, especially in young people.
A team from Osaka University used electron microscopy and computer simulations to study the kinetics of microstructure formation in Fe3Al, leading to a deeper understanding of its superelastic properties. The findings could provide insights for heat treatments and applications in construction and healthcare industries.
Researchers at HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology have created high-quality genome sequences for three modern upland cotton cultivars, providing necessary resources for breeders. The new genomes revealed genetic material from Pima cotton within modern varieties, enabling efficient selection of progeny with improved fiber quality.
Researchers developed an all-optical complex field imaging technique that captures both amplitude and phase information using intensity-based sensor arrays. This innovation simplifies the imaging process, reducing hardware footprint and energy consumption.
Researchers developed a low-temperature process to create rutile TiO2 nanoparticles with distorted crystal lattice, leading to improved photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light illumination. The study found that the sample had a 71% increased efficiency compared to commercially available rutile TiO2.
Researchers have developed a bioelectronics system that uses a living hydrogel interface to monitor and manage skin inflammation in a mouse model of psoriasis. The ABLE platform leverages Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria to modulate skin cell activity and mitigate psoriasis-related genes.
A new catalytic promoter has been discovered through a fast learning collaboration, accelerating the discovery process by weeks instead of years. The novel promoter formulation rivals those discovered through decades of research, offering insights into more efficient methodologies for creating multi-promoter catalysts.
After a pandemic-induced lull in violence, incidents rebounded to pre-pandemic levels, causing 57% of teachers to consider resigning or transferring. The study highlights a growing crisis that requires comprehensive approaches to address violence and build positive schools.
A new study from the University of Lausanne reveals that both high and low levels of the AFF3 protein can lead to severe intellectual deficits and developmental disorders. The research, led by Alexandre Reymond, identifies a critical role for the gene in development and highlights the importance of precise dosage.
Researchers developed a predictive model that maps soil-bearing layer distribution, enabling city planners to assess site suitability and optimize building design. The model improves prediction accuracy by combining geotechnical data and geographic coordinates.
A genomic study uncovers germline ARID1B and mitochondrial variants that may drive pediatric chordoma genesis, a rare and aggressive bone tumor. The study found aberrant indels and haywire mitochondria in 22% of pediatric chordoma samples.
This paper proposes dual-channel consensus (DuCC) to improve multi-agent coordination. DuCC enables agents to establish a shared understanding of the environmental state, facilitating effective coordination among them. The method uses contrastive representation learning and achieves inner-agent and inter-agent consensus.
Researchers have identified a novel human gene LY6A, which encodes the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. The gene is found to be overexpressed in pituitary tumors compared to normal tissues.
Researchers create standard yardstick to measure value in accountable care organizations (ACOs), finding average improvement potential of 24%. The proposed approach can also be applied to individual hospitals and other health care providers, pinningpointing areas for improvement.
A modelling study found substantial reductions in atmospheric aerosols and cloud droplet number density after the IMO 2020 regulation reduced sulphur content in shipping fuel. This led to an estimated 80% increase in Earth's heat energy retained, equivalent to a significant radiative warming effect.
Researchers from Texas A&M University developed a new mobile air monitoring technology that can quickly identify and assess air-borne contaminants produced by natural and man-made disasters. The study applied this method to a real-world disaster, a major industrial fire in Indiana, and found high levels of hazardous chemicals.
The Ecological Society of America honors its 2024 award recipients, including Juan Carlos Castilla for his pioneering research on marine ecology and Alan R. Berkowitz for his long-standing service to ESA and education in ecology. These awards recognize outstanding achievements across various domains.
Researchers have successfully stimulated animals' immune systems to induce rare precursor B cells that can produce HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies. The findings are an encouraging step in developing a preventive HIV vaccine, targeting the challenging task of genetically diverse HIV.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that most people pick out and click on accurate information during internet searches. However, warning banners about misinformation actually decreased trust in these accurate results, while having little effect on distrust of misleading information.