Researchers at Lancaster University and Radboud University Nijmegen have discovered a novel pathway to modulate and amplify spin waves at the nanoscale, paving the way for dissipation-free quantum information technologies. The study's findings could lead to the development of fast and energy-efficient computing devices.
Cleveland Clinic and IBM researchers develop a hybrid framework combining quantum and classical computing methods for protein structure prediction. This approach overcomes limitations of current classical methods and demonstrates improved accuracy in predicting protein structures.
Researchers developed lolamicin, an antibiotic that selectively targets and kills gram-negative pathogens like E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae while preserving beneficial gut microbes.
A new Curtin University research study found that taking pictures of food can be an accurate way to track dietary intake. The study used the mobile Food Record app, which analyzed photos to estimate energy and nutrient intake, outperforming traditional recall methods.
Researchers at The Jackson Laboratory have developed new laboratory-grade research mouse strains that better reflect human genetic variation. These wild-derived strains, detailed in PLoS Genetics, introduce millions of novel genetic variants and provide a powerful resource for modeling human traits and diseases.
Researchers have developed a system combining bio-inspired cameras with AI to quickly detect obstacles around cars, using less computational power. The hybrid system detects objects up to one hundred times faster than current systems while reducing data transmission and processing needs.
Researchers found isolated refuges in cities where species like wrentits, mourning doves, and gopher snakes thrive. Urban planning initiatives can support more biodiversity by creating habitat for species that avoid cities.
Researchers have generated complete 'end-to-end' reference genomes for the sex chromosomes of five great ape species, highlighting enormous variation on the Y chromosome. The findings inform understanding of diseases related to genes on these chromosomes in both apes and humans.
A newly developed perovskite with large intrinsic oxygen vacancies achieves high proton conduction at low and intermediate temperatures. The material can take up more water to increase its proton concentration, reducing proton trapping through electrostatic repulsion between the dopant and proton.
A new wind speed sensor has been developed that uses minimal power to track wind speeds, allowing for extended deployment periods and reduced maintenance. The device, called B-WA, can operate autonomously and efficiently in varying wind conditions, providing precise and reliable data collection.
A new study using next-generation molecular sequencing and DNA methylation profile analysis identified a rare type of pediatric brain tumor with specific genetic alterations. The tumors were found to be clinically aggressive but some responded well to chemotherapy, highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies.
Researchers at Duke University developed an assistive machine learning model that greatly improves the ability of medical professionals to read EEG charts. The model, which provides visual explanations and decision support, has been shown to almost double medical professionals' accuracy in identifying seizure-like events, potentially s...
Researchers designed a novel oxide material Ca3Co3O8 with remarkable properties of ferromagnetism and polar distortion, combining electric polarization and metallicity. The material's robust topological Hall effect advances understanding of magnetic materials and interactions.
A study by Washington University in St. Louis reveals that conflict escalates traditional gender stereotypes among politicians, with men becoming more engaged and women's voices being drowned out on social media. The research highlights the need to amplify women's voices in politics during times of war.
Researchers from Flinders University tested on-site pathology testing and found it to be equivalent to laboratory tests in terms of quality and accuracy. The study was conducted across 100 remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia.
A study found that thumbnails on a popular video-sharing platform used by children contained attention-capturing designs with violent and stereotyped themes. The researchers aim to understand how children respond to such thumbnail designs and their impact on the quality of consumed content.
Researchers elucidated the spatial structure and molecular mechanisms of 'prime editor,' a novel gene-editing tool that achieves reverse transcription without DNA cutting. This breakthrough contributes to designing gene-editing tools accurate enough for gene therapy treatments, opening new avenues for both basic and applied research.
A study by NIH-funded researchers visualizes the full network of blood vessels across the cortex of awake mice, revealing that blood vessels rhythmically expand and contract leading to 'waves' washing across the surface of the brain. The function of these waves remains a mystery.
A new study by University of California - Berkeley Haas School of Business researchers suggests that most political debates occur among family and friends, rather than with strangers on social media. Participants reported positive emotions after discussions, even on divisive topics.
Researchers found higher concentrations of genotoxic carbonyls in some packaged treats, exceeding the recommended threshold for potential health risks. The study suggests that these compounds likely formed during the baking process and highlight the importance of monitoring flavorings in food.
Researchers found participants with elevated tau tangles in the brain exhibited greater complaints about memory and thinking skills. Higher levels of amyloid plaques were also associated with increased tau tangles, suggesting potential for early detection and treatment.
A new UC Riverside study found that boreal forests in the northern hemisphere are particularly vulnerable to negative effects of cleaning up aerosol pollution. Reducing levels of human-made aerosols causes an increase in wildfires, especially in northern hemisphere forests.
Researchers discovered that hnRNPM prevents errors in protein synthesis by blocking pseudo splice sites, maintaining accurate mRNA molecules. In its absence, cancer cells exhibit increased cryptic splicing, triggering interferon immune responses and potentially driving disease progression.
A new analysis reveals that national-level data on rubella vaccination may overlook nuances at the local level, affecting vaccination efforts. Introducing a vaccine program can reduce CRS cases by thousands in the first five years.
A study using crowd-sourced data from iNaturalist found that slugs and snails are more common in urban areas than other native species. In contrast, butterflies and moths were the least tolerant of urban environments. The analysis provides valuable insights for city planners to increase urban biodiversity.
A team of researchers from Japan, China, and Finland created a system called generative content replacement (GCR) that uses AI to replace parts of images that might threaten confidentiality with visually similar but AI-generated alternatives. In tests, 60% of viewers couldn't tell which images had been altered.
Researchers developed a fast and non-destructive early diagnosis method for rice bakanae diseases based on hyperspectral data, achieving higher detection accuracy than existing methods. The study reached an average detection accuracy of 92.2% and could be used for large-scale crop field monitoring.
A randomized field experiment in Seattle showed that a modest intervention of housing vouchers, financial support, and a
A University of California, Riverside team discovered a chemical process that utilizes salt in wastewater to break down PFAS compounds. This method is efficient at destroying both long- and short-chain PFAS, benefiting municipal and privately owned water providers.
New research shows updated COVID-19 vaccines still offer reasonably durable protection against infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19, but effectiveness decreases over time. Boosters targeting omicron subvariants are less protective against the now-dominant JN.1 strain.
A study found that pharmaceuticals like metoprolol and atenolol, as well as illicit drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine, were present in over 60% of water samples from Hudson and East Rivers. Enterococci bacteria and rainfall also contributed to drug presence, highlighting the need for improved water management systems
A research team has successfully assembled a nearly gap-free, telomere-to-telomere genome of P. ussuriensis, filling gaps present in the P. trichocarpa genome. The assembly's high collinearity with P. trichocarpa facilitates comparative genomics, epigenetic research, and reproductive biology studies.
Researchers from Mass General Cancer Center are set to present key findings on palliative care delivery via telehealth versus in-person for patients with advanced lung cancer. The presentations also cover advances in colorectal and breast cancer treatments, as well as results from a phase 1b/2 study on a novel BRAF inhibitor.
Researchers from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics developed a strategy to leverage lignin condensation, a process previously considered a hindrance, to produce valuable chemicals and materials. This approach maximizes the value of lignocellulose, aligning with the goals of green biorefineries.
Researchers found that 6% of patients with heart failure progressed to dialysis within a year, highlighting the need for integrating heart and kidney care. The study emphasizes prioritizing kidney function assessment in all patients with heart failure and promoting systemic changes to manage both conditions simultaneously.
A Johns Hopkins Children's Center study found that social media use is associated with depression in young adults, but may not be the sole cause. Participants who were more depressed also tended to spend more time on social media, while excessive screen time was linked to lower green space exposure and cannabis use.
A new global study found that cities with more climate-related health issues were more likely to maintain climate action despite funding shortfalls. Cities in the Global South exhibited higher ambition in climate action and promoted green recovery efforts compared to European and North American cities.
A new study by Uppsala University researchers reveals that women are disproportionately affected by post-war peace processes, experiencing re-traumatization and stigma. The findings emphasize the importance of including women's perspectives in the design of peace agreements to ensure more sustainable outcomes.
Researchers optimized triticale germination conditions using nonlinear programming to maximize fat content, a crucial parameter in animal feed production. The study identified optimal temperature and moisture levels, resulting in a fat content of 2.83%, improving the nutritional value of triticale grain.
Mim Rahimi, an assistant professor at the University of Houston, has received a National Science Foundation CAREER award to advance electrochemical carbon capture by employing engineered soft interfaces. His research aims to enhance carbon dioxide separation performance and system energetics.
Researchers established a novel mouse model of inherited arrhythmia that spontaneously causes lethal arrhythmias, shedding light on the pathogenesis and potential drug efficacy. The study identifies a critical mutation in ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) as a key regulator of cardiomyocyte contraction.
A new virtual lab meeting program, LaMP, fosters diversity and improves undergraduate research experience. The program matches researchers with diverse students, providing valuable networking opportunities and professional development, while also promoting underrepresented groups in STEM academia.
Simulations suggest small shifts in international ideas can lead to significant changes in country politics. The study found that cross-border influence was a major factor shaping simulated US election outcomes and predicted increased voter turnout through the end of the century.
MOSS, an open-sourced conversational large language model, demonstrates unprecedented capabilities through cross-lingual pre-training, preference-aware training, and tool augmentation. The model learns general concepts and handles diverse user intents, making it a versatile AI assistant.
Researchers find that dehumanization of opposing groups is driven by how we think others view important facets of the world. The study suggests two approaches to combat this: correcting misperceptions and using schemas to humanize the other side through messaging.
A team of researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University has engineered a short sequence of artificial DNA to target the mutant protein p53-R175H, linked to lung, colorectal, and breast cancers. The new molecule, dp53m, inhibits cancer cell growth and increases sensitivity to chemotherapy agent cisplatin.
A recent analysis reveals that Black individuals in Pennsylvania are less likely to receive naloxone, a medication that reverses opioid overdose. Hispanic decedents had similar odds of naloxone administration as white decedents.
Researchers use atomic force microscopy to study mouthfeel and flavor perception, potentially leading to health-promoting products with optimal taste. The study's findings could also redefine the traditional definition of flavor, incorporating mechanical perception as an additional factor.
A recent study found that over half of host communities in Bangladesh cut support for Rohingya refugees, even at personal cost. Researchers surveyed households and used satellite imagery to assess environmental changes, revealing dramatic impacts on both host communities and the environment.
Researchers collected an unprecedented amount of data on SMS phishing attacks, identifying 35,128 unique campaigns and 600 distinct operations. They also found that phishers use mainstream servers, URL-shortening apps, and web infrastructure to support their operations.
A new ambiguity resolution method has been developed to improve the accuracy and reliability of urban GNSS positioning. The improved Best Integer Equivariant estimation method with Laplacian distribution achieved positioning errors under 0.5 meters in three directions, improving over traditional methods.
A matched cohort study found no overall increased risk of early death among women with premenstrual disorders. However, the risk was elevated for young women and deaths by suicide, highlighting the need for careful follow-up and suicide prevention strategies.
Researchers at UC Davis have updated their guidelines on neutering popular dog breeds, finding major differences in joint disorders and cancers. The study emphasizes personalized decisions, considering breed, sex, and context, and provides a table with guidelines for all 40 studied breeds.
A global review of wind energy found that offshore turbines can prevent meltdowns like Fukushima and are more resilient to earthquakes. The study also shows wind power is cheaper than new nuclear power stations, with a lifetime cost of £44/MWh compared to £92.50/MWh for Hinkley Point C.
Researchers have created a new polyfumaric acid binder to improve the performance of hard-carbon electrodes in sodium-ion batteries. The new binder shows improved Na ion diffusion, long-cycle stability, and enhanced durability.
A mathematical model predicts tumor evolution, considering acquired resistance and cancer cell plasticity. The developed evolutionary therapy dosing strategy involves administering treatment in cycles to control tumor volume, maintaining a manageable level.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in breast cancer screenings, particularly among older and racial minority women. A study analyzing real-world electronic health records found that follow-up screening rates decreased significantly during the pandemic, resulting in missed opportunities for early detection and treatment.
A new type of reverse electrodialysis heat engine (REDHE) has been developed to convert low-grade heat into electricity. The REDHE incorporates helium-gap diffusion distillation as the thermal separation unit and achieves high energy conversion efficiency when optimized parameters are used.
A new study found that feeding children peanut products regularly from infancy to age 5 reduced the rate of peanut allergy in adolescence. The results showed a 71% reduction in peanut allergy, even when children ate or avoided peanut products later on.
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified a subset of T cells called CD8-fit that show high motility and serial killing capabilities in patients with clinical responses. These cells were discovered using a patented approach called TIMING, which evaluates cell behavior and movement to identify potential cancer-killing cells.