A Chinese Academy of Sciences research team has identified the first mechanism of citrus resistance to citrus greening disease and developed an AI-assisted therapeutic approach. The discovery addresses the challenge of naturally occurring resistant genes in citrus, offering hope for global agricultural sustainability.
Penghu 1, discovered on the seabed of the Penghu Channel in Taiwan, is revealed to be a Denisovan mandible dating back to 10,000 years ago. The fossil's molecular identification sheds light on the mysterious distribution and appearance of Denisovans in eastern Asia.
According to a report, 92% of scientific publications in Spanish universities come from public institutions. The IUNE Observatory highlights the importance of publicly accessible information systems for transparently evaluating both public and private university performance.
Scientists have developed MetaFlowTrain, a system that allows the study of metabolic exchange and interactions between microorganisms in complex environments. This innovation enables researchers to identify novel microbial exometabolites with bioactive or signalling properties.
A study found that marathon runners experience a decrease in brain myelin content, but it recovers fully two months later. Myelin acts as an energy reserve, and the study opens new insights into brain energy metabolism.
Researchers at Hebrew University and Cornell University developed a way to suppress spin decoherence in alkali-metal gases, reducing spin relaxation rates by an order of magnitude. This breakthrough enables more stable and precise quantum devices, such as atomic clocks and magnetometry.
A new study published in Newton uses artificial intelligence to identify complex quantum phases in materials, significantly speeding up research into quantum materials. The breakthrough applies machine-learning techniques to detect clear spectral signals, allowing for a fast and accurate snapshot of phase transitions.
A Baycrest study reveals that sleep actively enhances memory for event sequence, improving recall of everyday experiences. This discovery deepens our understanding of the critical role of sleep in integrating experiences into memory.
A research team has discovered that protein misfolding is a major cause of efficiency problems when using split inteins to produce proteins. By introducing specific mutations to the intein fragment, they were able to suppress aggregation and increase productivity.
A Lehigh University researcher is developing a new platform to enhance flu forecasting through a human judgment temporal forecast system, which aims to improve evidence-based public health decision making. The system will collect unbiased opinions and forecasts from public health experts and the general public.
Quantum Base, a Lancaster University spin-out, has successfully floated on the London Stock Exchange with a £4.8 million fundraising. The company aims to harness quantum technology to address real-world challenges through its patented Q-ID solution for anti-counterfeiting.
Researchers found that genes near the origin of DNA replication are crucial for rapid cell growth, contradicting previous assumptions about gene distribution. The study reveals an evolutionary advantage for bacteria with optimally placed genes.
A Pleistocene-age hominin jawbone from Taiwan has been identified as belonging to a Denisovan, providing direct molecular evidence of their presence outside Siberia. The discovery offers new insights into the morphological traits of this enigmatic hominin lineage.
Researchers at Rutgers University have created a biosensor using RNA molecules that can detect tiny chemicals relevant to human health. The technology has the potential to improve disease detection and environmental monitoring.
A new hardware platform for AI accelerators capable of handling significant workloads with reduced energy requirement has been developed. The platform leverages III-V compound semiconductors to create photonic integrated circuits, which operate at the speed of light with minimal energy loss.
Scientists argue that the plant world must come out and claim its place at the One Health table to break down barriers and integrate plant health. The researchers highlight the need for cross-sectoral approaches in plant health fields like agroecology, sustainable food systems, and integrated landscape management.
The researchers propose a novel defense algorithm, Wavelet-Based Adversarial Training (WBAD), to protect medical digital twins. The two-stage defense mechanism achieves 98% accuracy in breast cancer prediction, even under adversarial attacks, providing a comprehensive and effective defense against cyberattacks.
A study published in Science discovered a direct connection between cancer-related inflammation and the loss of motivation characteristic of advanced cancer. Blocking the inflammatory pathway restored motivation in mice with cachexia, suggesting a potential treatment for apathy associated with chronic illnesses.
A recent study published in the Southern Economic Journal found that lengthy prison sentences have a deterrent effect on homicide rates, similar to the death penalty. The research, which examined the Australian legal system and its history with capital punishment, suggests that these types of sentencing can be effective in reducing crime
Angelika Epple, Bielefeld University Rector, was elected to the European University Association (EUA) Board for a four-year term. She aims to protect academic freedom and promote critical approaches to knowledge production in the age of big data and AI.
The KATRIN experiment has set the most precise upper limit on neutrino mass to 0.45 electron volts, refining previous limits by a factor of two. This finding strengthens constraints on one of the universe's most elusive fundamental particles and pushes physics beyond the Standard Model.
Researchers engineered conjugation of donor and acceptor units in covalent organic frameworks to enhance photocatalytic H2O2 production. USTB-46 achieved a high yield of 8274 mmol g−1 h−1, attributed to optimized light absorption, thermodynamic catalytic activity, and compatible D-A units.
A novel brain study uncovers the critical role of the HDAC5 enzyme in regulating gene expression and neuronal activity, which can trigger relapse in individuals with substance use disorders. The study highlights a new molecular target for developing novel treatments to reduce relapse risk.
Researchers developed a cell-based reporter assay that can quantify epigenetic changes induced by chemicals and potential carcinogens. The epi-TK assay detects gene silencing and activation, reflecting epigenetic changes associated with both gene expression and DNA methylation.
Researchers analyzed driving behavior data from Chinese electric vehicle drivers and found that rapid acceleration significantly impacts energy efficiency. The study provides actionable guidance for EV owners to improve their eco-driving behaviors and offers insights into developing personalized feedback systems.
Research suggests that massive stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud are being pulled apart by the Large Magellanic Cloud. The discovery reveals a new pattern in stellar motion, which could transform our understanding of galaxy evolution and interactions.
A study by University of Auckland researchers found that electric vehicle (EV) adoption is linked to increased carbon dioxide emissions unless countries clean up their electricity grids. Only when renewable energy sources account for approximately 48% of global electricity generation will EVs contribute to reducing CO₂ emissions.
The Deep Computational Text Analyser (DECOTA) is an open-access AI tool that transforms open-ended survey responses into clear themes in minutes, not months. Developed by the University of Bath, DECOTA delivers insights around 380 times faster and over 1,900 times cheaper than human analysis.
A recent study reveals that only 9.5% of plastic materials produced globally in 2022 were made from recycled materials, with the majority coming from fossil fuels. The study also highlights a significant increase in plastic waste disposal by incineration and regional differences in plastic consumption.
A new radioisotopic dating method has been used to date key fossil sites in Central Anatolia, Türkiye, to between 7 and 10 million years ago. This provides a more accurate timeline for significant mammal fossils, including the large Miocene ape of the genus Ouranopithecus, potentially a common ancestor of African apes and early bipeds.
Researchers discovered that Purkinje cells in the cerebellum signal to stop tongue movement as it approaches a target, allowing for precise control of tongue movements. This understanding is crucial for developing treatments for symptoms linked to cerebellar dysfunction, such as vocal muscle spasms and speech disorders.
A new study found that a specific brain circuit is associated with the intensity of political involvement, regardless of political ideology. The researchers analyzed data from 124 male military veterans who had experienced penetrating head trauma and found lesions to this circuit in both liberal and conservative participants.
A recent WSSA research article reveals that focusing solely on deer or invasive shrubs yields little forest health improvement. Instead, managing both threats is necessary to promote tree regeneration and plant community restoration, according to a study spanning over 10 years in Ohio.
Researchers at CRCHUM used single-cell RNA sequencing to study guinea pig pre-implantation development, finding striking similarities with early human embryogenesis. The discovery opens new possibilities for understanding women's infertility and developing therapeutics for healthy pregnancy.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland explores the role of intuition in regenerative farmers' decision-making processes. Farmers perceive intuition as a reliable and future-oriented 'personal assistant', leading to better outcomes in farming practices.
Researchers have found that a specific protein modification to the immune protein MDA5 can block viral replication and reduce heart inflammation. The study's findings could lead to the development of broad-spectrum antiviral treatments that target multiple viruses.
Researchers found a novel virus in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which is the largest temperate virus discovered to date with a latent infection cycle. The discovery sheds light on potential biotechnological applications, including gene editing.
A new study on natural oil seeps in the deep sea has found that hydrothermal processes mobilize dissolved organic matter, influencing local ecosystems and the global marine carbon cycle. The composition of released water-soluble organic molecules is strongly influenced by temperature and petroleum composition.
Researchers at University of Würzburg unveil novel mechanisms in the immune system's defense cell proliferation and specialization. The findings reveal a cyclical activation process driving the immune response, with potential implications for immunotherapies targeting cancer and chronic infections.
The study found that influenza vaccination rates increased for Black and Hispanic older adults in rural areas, while decreasing for some white older adults. Determining the reasons behind these disparities is crucial for future research.
A Baycrest study reveals that vivid visual imagery is associated with a higher risk of developing PTSD, while individuals with strong spatial imagery are less likely to develop the disorder. This research provides valuable insights into how trauma processing and memory contribute to PTSD.
Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) reduce inequality, foster trust, and empower citizens by turning energy infrastructures into platforms for social equity and ecological resilience. Policymakers must prioritize inclusive governance to ensure no community is left behind in the fight for a just energy transition.
Researchers found that cortisol levels were lower in survivors, while heart rate and blood pressure responses were altered. Interleukin 1B was significantly higher, suggesting potential long-term health problems despite healthy symptoms.
New research validates theoretical models on how nanoscopic ripples affect material properties, leading to a better understanding of their mechanical behavior. The study's findings have significant implications for the development of microelectronics and other technologies that rely on thin films.
A case of therapy-related B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) following multiple myeloma treatment is reported, characterized by unusual surface kappa light chain expression. The diagnosis was made based on immunophenotypic analysis and next-generation gene sequencing, which revealed pathogenic mutations in KDM6A and KRAS.
A study found that temperature and rainfall partly explain regional variation in snake venom composition, with snakes in drier regions having higher protease activity. This data can be used to create maps of expected venom types across Russell's viper's range in India.
Dr. Catherine Champagne, a renowned nutrition expert, has been selected as an Excellence in Nutrition Fellow by the American Society for Nutrition. She is being recognized for her outstanding contributions to the field of nutrition, including her leadership in dietary assessment and nutrition counseling.
A novel approach uses a biomass-based carbon aerogel to efficiently treat oily water and sludge, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The material's photothermal conversion characteristics enable effective dehydration of oily pollutants.
Researchers found that nutrient hoarding by selfish bacteria influences carbon and nutrient availability in freshwater ecosystems. In two Croatian lakes, mesotrophic Crniševo Lake showed higher rates of selfish activity than oligotrophic Kozjak Lake.
Researcher Randi Olsson Haave emphasizes the importance of patients' experiences and interpersonal relationships in assessing quality. Currently, quality indicators focus on quantifiable aspects rather than experience-based measures.
Researchers found a strong correlation between the occurrence of dog and human valley fever cases. The study mapped positive results by location, showing valley fever spread from 2.4% of U.S. counties to 12.4% in 2022.
A study by the URV and UB teams found that La Pineda beach has the highest concentration of microplastics in Catalonia, with over 1,100 beaches sampled across 580km of coastline. Microplastic pollution was also found in rivers, particularly at the Ebre delta, and was linked to textile fibers released during washing.
Researchers have shed light on how a new type of antibody treatment works against ovarian cancer by reactivating patients' immune cells. The study shows that MOv18 IgE reverses the suppression of immune cells and induces them to kill cancer cells, providing new insights into this therapy.
A University of Michigan research team used ChatGPT to adapt exercise instructions for a popular physical activity program, making it more accessible and inclusive for neurodivergent children. The new prompts cater to the unique needs of these children, including differences in sensory processing and body awareness.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that children who attend school-based pre-K in Georgia start kindergarten with better preparedness than their peers, scoring 6 percentiles higher in reading and math. However, these academic gains fade by fourth grade, raising questions about how to sustain them.
The study identified six modifiable factors associated with adiposity in South Asian children, including reduced screen time and extended breastfeeding. Targeted interventions such as subsidized nutrition programs and increased physical activity can support healthier life trajectories.
The study found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can outcompete H. pylori, producing antimicrobial peptides and metabolic byproducts to create a hostile environment. FMT may also mitigate adverse effects of antibiotic treatments, improving patient tolerance.
The statement offers evidence-based guidance to help clinicians navigate cholesterol management in older adults without cardiovascular disease. It balances potential benefits of ASCVD prevention with realities of aging and end-of-life considerations.
A novel approach combines large language models and quantum computing to predict Salmonella antimicrobial resistance. The SARPLLM algorithm outperforms other models in prediction accuracy.
A new study suggests that food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern India contributed to increased tuberculosis (TB) mortality. Researchers found that households faced significant financial struggles and made nutritional sacrifices due to lockdowns, leading to worsened health outcomes.